Ingemar Stenmark
Ingemar Stenmark | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ingemar Stenmark 2014 |
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nation | Sweden | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
birthday | 18th March 1956 (age 64) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
place of birth | Joesjö , Sweden | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
size | 181 cm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Career | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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discipline |
Slalom , giant slalom , super-G , combination |
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status | resigned | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
End of career | March 9, 1989 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medal table | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Placements in the Alpine Ski World Cup | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ingemar Stenmark (born March 18, 1956 in Joesjö near Tärnaby ) is a former Swedish ski racer . He is a two-time Olympic champion , five-time world champion and has won the overall World Cup three times . He was also able to win the giant slalom and eight slalom disciplines and is the record winner with 46 giant slalom World Cup victories and 40 slalom victories. With a total of 86 World Cup victories and a total of 155 podium places, which he achieved in his active time from 1973 to 1989, he clearly leads the FIS statistics and is thus one of the most successful alpine ski racers since the introduction of the World Cup in 1967.
Career
Stenmark first appeared in the World Cup statistics on December 8, 1973 when he finished 46th in the giant slalom in Val-d'Isère. He won the overall World Cup three times , although he almost never competed in downhill skiing . On September 15, 1979, he had a hard fall during downhill training in Schnalstal, which put an end to his contemplation of starting in this discipline for the time being. At that time he first came to the Innsbruck University Clinic, and the attending physician Russe put on him a plaster of paris breast shield, with the media puzzling whether it was just a precautionary measure or more.
He only drove down the legendary Streif once to score points in the combination . It was on January 17, 1981, when he finished 34th, 10.72 seconds behind winner Steve Podborski . In his time he was so outstanding that the slalom and giant slalom successes alone were enough to win the overall World Cup - but at that time only slalom, giant slalom and downhill races as well as a few combinations were counted for the World Cup, the Super-G competition came only later, so specialized downhill skiers had very little chance of winning the overall World Cup (see Franz Klammer 1974/75). With regard to Super-G, Stenmark rarely competed; he played the first on December 22, 1982 in Madonna di Campiglio, where he only finished 74th. But he reached two World Cup points (on February 9, 1983 with rank 11 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and in the same place with rank 5 on January 29, 1984).
Despite his 86 race victories, Stenmark "only" achieved three overall victories in the World Cup, because up to and including 1986/87 (basically) only the three, later five best results in each discipline were included in the rating, so that he from 1978/79 despite sufficient victories and placements, could not receive another "large crystal". His various competitors also achieved top positions in the slaloms and giant slaloms and also got them in the descents and combinations (and later also Super-Gs). - His last overall victory in 1977/78 was practically halfway through the season, when he had already reached his maximum of 150 points with his victory in the Zwiesel slalom on January 9, 1978 (given his absence in the descents) while the runner-up Phil Mahre was listed with 72 points at this point and ultimately (still in second place) came in with 116 points.
One of his greatest successes was the two gold medals at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid . He could not repeat this success because he was not allowed to participate in the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo because of his professional license issued on March 21, 1980 .
Other milestones:
Although Stenmark made it into the World Cup for the first time on December 16, 1973 in the giant slalom in Saalbach-Hinterglemm , he only became known to an even wider audience at the 1974 World Cup in St. Moritz , when he finished 9th in the giant slalom (February 5, 1974 ).
He achieved his first podium in the World Cup with third place in the giant slalom in Voss on March 2, 1974. The first World Cup victory , the slalom of Madonna di Campiglio on December 17, 1974, he caught up from 22nd place after the first run the winners podium drove.
At the 1976 Olympic Games in Innsbruck he won the giant slalom bronze medal from rank 8 in the first run (February 9th and 10th). It should be noted that Stenmark was eliminated in the final special slalom (February 14th).
After his double gold at the 1978 World Championships in Garmisch-Partenkirchen , he won gold again in slalom four years later in Schladming, but was surprisingly beaten by Steve Mahre a few days earlier in the giant slalom (February 3, 1982).
Because of the changes in the regulations that had meanwhile been made, the Swede was allowed to participate in the 1988 Winter Olympics again (official approval by the Executive Council of the IOC , which also approved Marc Girardelli and 16 other athletes, took place on December 10, 1987) he finished 5th in the slalom on February 27th - after rank 11 after the first run. His great career ended with the final in Shigakogen, Japan, with 4th place in giant slalom (March 9, 1989). Shortly before that, he had celebrated his last career victory with first place in the giant slalom in Aspen (February 19, 1989).
Stenmark also set great marks by streaking victories and achieving unprecedented record leads in both slalom and giant slalom: 3.16 s in slalom (January 17, 1982 in Kitzbühel ), and 4.06 s in giant slalom (February 4 1979 in Jasná ).
technology
Stenmark was an exceptional athlete. He drove very elegantly and had hardly any opponents in his prime due to his unique technique. At the beginning of his career, Gustav Thöni , Heini Hemmi in the giant slalom in 1976/77 and Phil Mahre in the early 1980s were considered serious opponents . With the introduction of tilt poles in slalom at the beginning of the 1980s, however, Stenmark lost its superiority in this discipline, as drivers with a more aggressive driving style like Marc Girardelli had an advantage with the new poles .
In addition to excellent body control and an extremely pronounced, intuitive ski and snow feeling, he was characterized by a phenomenal balance. Therefore, in the many ski races he competed with confidence, he was almost never in danger of falling or actually falling. Stenmark already trained this ability in his childhood in northern Sweden by doing acrobatic gymnastics on a rope stretched between two trees to train his sense of balance. The South Tyrolean ski expert Hermann Nogler was the first to recognize the enormous potential of the young Swedish talent and in the following years became Stenmark's trainer and mentor.
personality
Ingemar Stenmark was an athlete of great fairness and was characterized by a high sporting ethos. This is proven by the following example: When Stenmark appeared as a Swedish nobody in the alpine ski circus, he received no support from the renowned ski companies, because they associated Nordic skiing with Sweden and did not know what to do with a Swedish alpine skier. Stenmark only found a supplier in the relatively unknown Yugoslav company Elan . As a thank you, Stenmark remained loyal to this company from the beginning to the end of his unparalleled career and competed in all of his races exclusively on Elan skis, although he received offers from the other companies worth millions after he rose to become a superstar. Stenmark remained a modest athlete who hated mammonistic starry airs. Last but not least, these characteristics are the reason why Stenmark is still not only the sport idol of alpine skiing, but also a general role model for young people interested in sport - especially in Sweden.
Outward expression of his character was his legendary, deliberately cultivated monosyllabic in interviews, which should scare off the guild of sports reporters. Therefore he limited himself mostly to succinct, exclusively factual answers. Only towards the end of his career did he get more out of himself, sometimes flashing his humor through one or the other bon mot in conversation. It was in Stenmark's nature to express his personality through actions rather than words. This constant understatement made Stenmark likeable and popular in wide circles, including non-sporting circles. In the ski circus of that time, the monosyllabic Stenmark looked like a foreign body. Björn Borg , who was acting at the same time , was celebrated as a star in the Swedish mass media and adored by the public, but Stenmark was loved as a hero .
successes
Olympic games
- Innsbruck 1976 : 3rd giant slalom
- Lake Placid 1980 : 1st slalom, 1st giant slalom
- Calgary 1988 : 5th slalom
World championships
- St. Moritz 1974 : 9th giant slalom
- Innsbruck 1976 : 3rd giant slalom
- Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1978 : 1st giant slalom, 1st slalom
- Lake Placid 1980 : 1st slalom, 1st giant slalom
- Schladming 1982 : 1st slalom, 2nd giant slalom
- Bormio 1985 : 4th slalom
- Crans-Montana 1987 : 5th slalom, 10th giant slalom
- Vail 1989 : 6th giant slalom
World Cup ratings
season | total | Giant slalom | slalom | combination | ||||
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space | Points | space | Points | space | Points | space | Points | |
1973/74 | 12. | 62 | 6th | 37 | 6th | 51 | - | - |
1974/75 | 2. | 245 | 1. | 115 | 1. | 110 | - | - |
1975/76 | 1. | 249 | 1. | 88 | 1. | 125 | - | - |
1976/77 | 1. | 339 | 2. | 115 | 1. | 125 | - | - |
1977/78 | 1. | 150 | 1. | 120 | 1. | 115 | - | - |
1978/79 | 5. | 150 | 1. | 125 | 1. | 119 | - | - |
1979/80 | 2. | 200 | 1. | 125 | 1. | 125 | - | - |
1980/81 | 2. | 260 | 1. | 125 | 1. | 120 | 15th | 15th |
1981/82 | 2. | 211 | 2. | 101 | 2. | 110 | - | - |
1982/83 | 2. | 218 | 2. | 100 | 1. | 110 | 23. | 8th |
1983/84 | 2. | 230 | 1. | 115 | 2. | 115 | - | - |
1984/85 | 6th | 135 | 10. | 49 | 3. | 78 | 25th | 8th |
1985/86 | 5. | 196 | 2. | 96 | 2. | 100 | - | - |
1986/87 | 6th | 134 | 7th | 58 | 2. | 96 | - | - |
1987/88 | 21st | 58 | 9. | 37 | 16. | 21st | - | - |
1988/89 | 17th | 79 | 4th | 67 | 21st | 12 | - | - |
* In the discipline world cup for giant slalom Ingemar Stenmark and Heini Hemmi each achieved 115 points for their five best results (three wins each with 25 points and two second places each with 20 points) in the 1976/77 season . The sixth best result was third place for Heini Hemmi and sixth place for Ingemar Stenmark. Even in the Slalom World Cup, which he won five times en suite, there was an equal number of points with his teammate Stig Strand (110) in 1982/83 , but the higher number of 3 to 2 in favor of Stenmarks for his sixth crystal ball was decisive. According to Ski-DB, the giant slalom crystal ball was therefore only awarded to Hemmi (and not to Stenmark) and the one in slalom only to Stenmark (and not to Strand), but in today's FIS statistics both are (incorrectly) on the first Place.
World Cup victories
An exact number of the World Cup races driven by Ingemar Stenmark is not archived. At first only for the first 10 of the classification, then for the first 15 World Cup points. The positions achieved from 11 to 15 or later from 16 to 30 are only incompletely recorded on the FIS website. What is certain is that he achieved 155 podiums and another 50 places in the top ten. He also won a parallel slalom on the Stilfser Joch in the World Series of Skiing on November 29, 1978 . as well as a parallel giant slalom on December 1, 1978 in St. Vigil in South Tyrol, and also a parallel slalom on December 14, 1978 in Madonna di Campiglio . All of these races were only part of the Nations Cup.
Stenmark achieved a total of 86 victories in the individual World Cup (46 × giant slalom, 40 × slalom):
Giant slalom
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slalom
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Junior European Championships
- Jasná 1974 : 1st giant slalom
Swedish championships
Ingemar Stenmark became Swedish champion nine times :
- Slalom: 1974, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979
- Giant slalom: 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979
Honors
Besides Sarah Sjöström , Anja Pärson and Björn Borg, Ingemar Stenmark is the only athlete who has been honored twice with the renowned Svenska Dagbladet gold medal (1975, 1978). He also received the Holmenkollen Medal in 1979 and was honored with the Jerringpris radio sport in 1979 and 1980 . From 1977 to 1979 he was awarded the Skieur d'Or three times in a row by the International Association of Ski Journalists (AIJS) .
Web links
- Ingemar Stenmark in the database of the International Ski Association (English)
- Ingemar Stenmark in the database of Ski-DB (English)
- Ingemar Stenmark in the Sports-Reference database (English; archived from the original )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Column 3, below: “Stenmark is training the descent with Haker” . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna September 15, 1979, p. 10 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ^ «Preventive or Complications»; «Volkszeitung Kärnten» No. 216 of September 20, 1979, page 28 (last page)
- ↑ «Stenmark after the fall:“ I'll drive on! ”» In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna September 16, 1979, p. 10 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ^ "Stenmark fit again in four weeks" . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna September 17, 1979, p. 8 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Column 4 - with confused title “football program” (correct: “sport in brief”); fourth post . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna October 24, 1979, p. 12 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ His sport belongs to him In: Die Zeit 10/1981 of February 27, 1981, accessed on January 4, 2012. “Only in exceptional cases did he allow himself to participate in downhill races, most recently in mid-January in Kitzbühel, where he - slowly, but sure - finished nine seconds behind the winner. "
- ↑ The departure for heroes. Die Presse, 2014, accessed March 17, 2015 .
- ↑ Müller cried, Mair cheered . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna December 23, 1982, p. 13 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Discouraged by Stenmark? In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna 10 January 1978, p. 13 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ^ "Stenmark can now rake in dollars"; «Kärntner Tageszeitung» No. 70 of March 22, 1980, page 12 (top left)
- ↑ Top right box: "Ingemar Stenmark bought B license" . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna March 24, 1980, p. 8 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Monika could punish me. In: Der Spiegel 5/1984 of January 30, 1984, accessed on January 4, 2012. "In addition, the world champions Ingemar Stenmark and Hanni Wenzel are missing in Sarajevo because they had professional licenses."
- ↑ "It was horrible" . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna December 18, 1974, p. 6 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Classification of the first round . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna February 10, 1976, p. 9 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Relieves the trainer . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna February 11, 1976, p. 9 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Ingemar Stenmark lost World Championship gold to Steve Mahre . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna February 4, 1982, p. 11 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ «Green light for Girardelli - and then record time!»; «Kleine Zeitung» Ktn issue no. 286 of December 11, 1987, page 74
- ↑ a b His sport belongs to him In: Die Zeit 10/1981 of February 27, 1981, accessed on January 4, 2012.
- ↑ Arnd Krüger & Swantje Scharenberg (eds.): Times for heroes - times for celebrities in sport . LIT, Münster 2014, ISBN 978-3-643-12498-2 .
- ↑ John Hellström & Leif Yttergren: Ingemar Stenmark, folk hero and media star. The Media construction of a Swedish skiing hero in the 1970s, in: European Studies in Sport History 6 (2013), 93 - 110
- ↑ Who else but Ingemar? In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna November 30, 1978, p. 13 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Moser against Martine Liouche . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna December 2, 1978, p. 12 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
- ↑ Won out of spite . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna December 15, 1978, p. 13 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Stenmark, Ingemar |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish ski racer, Olympic champion |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 18, 1956 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Joesjö |