Maria Magdalenen Chapel (Braunschweig)

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The Maria Magdalenen Chapel before 1914
Chapel floor plan

The Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig , also known as the St. Aegidii Chapel because of its affiliation with the St. Aegidii Abbey , was built in 1499 and was located at 8 Kleine Burg Street , immediately west of today's Kleine Burg grammar school . Although the chapel, along with half-timbered annexes , one of the few early modern buildings was the town that the bombing of the Second World War had survived undamaged, it was in July 1955 at the enlargement of the Press House of Braunschweiger Zeitung , which was then located in the street Hutfiltern 8 was , tore off. The expanded press building was closed in 1981, 26 years later, and in turn demolished to make way for the Burgpassage , a shopping arcade that opened in 1983 and partially runs above the former location of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel. At the end of 2018, 35 years after its opening, the Burgpassage was supposed to be demolished again to make way for a new commercial and residential street. According to a judgment of the 2nd Chamber for Commercial Matters of the Regional Court of Braunschweig in December 2019, the Burgpassage must not be demolished until the end of March 31, 2023 and the passage for pedestrians must not be blocked.

history

First mentioned in 1237 and new building in 1499

Half-timbered building of the convent with inner courtyard. One of the conventual women is probably standing in the doorway (photo taken around 1915).
View from the inner courtyard towards the cathedral. The photo was probably taken in 1867 before the new municipal secondary school (now the Kleine Burg high school ) was built.

Very few contemporary original documents on the history of the chapel in the High Middle Ages have survived. The oldest surviving source that a chapel named Mary Magdalene reported, the Legenda Sanctorum St. Blasius , further a Codex membranaceus from the 13th century and of Hermann drought in his main work history of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages mentioned document from the year 1237 from the Ordinarius ecclesiae St. Blasii de a 1157 to 1482 . In addition, the chapel of the same name is mentioned several times in a degeding book of the soft picture Sack adjacent to the location of the chapel .

In 1237, a chapel in the small castle was first mentioned in a deed of donation . In that year Canon Winandus donated a piece of land to this chapel near Börßum . The income from this was to be used to hire his own vicar , who also headed the chapel as rector . The chapel also owned other lands and thus had income from two farms in Klein-Dahlum and one farm in Reppner and Broitzem . Two farms in Watenbüttel and two houses were subject to hereditary interest .

The historian Werner Spieß suspected that the Maria Magdalenen Chapel could have been the house chapel of the clergy of the Braunschweig Cathedral , located just a few meters northeast of the building . At the end of the 15th century, the first chapel was replaced by the Maria Magdalenen Chapel, the foundation stone of which has been preserved from 1499. This new building was financed in whole or in part from funds made available by Dean Johannes Blecker and the three canons named in the inscription. It was a small, polygonal , late Gothic building. Two yokes with cross ribs covered the interior , a 3/8 apse formed the end. Of the five windows, one on the north side showed Mary in a halo with the baby Jesus in her arms and the inscription Anno domini m ° v ° i ° ( in the year of the Lord 1501 ).

Almost nothing is known about the further use of the chapel and the adjoining buildings, especially in the period up to the Reformation , but also until the beginning of the 19th century. In the course of secularization during the Braunschweig French era , the city's monasteries were largely dissolved in 1810. Those that were preserved were transferred to the chamber property - including the Maria Magdalenen Chapel.

From 1832 on, the chapel and everything that belonged to it was owned by the Braunschweig Monastery and Study Fund . In that year, the women's convent of the Aegidienkloster also moved to the Kleine Burg 8 building complex , whereby the name Aegidienstift was retained . Originally the conventual women belonged to the convent of St. Leonhard . After its destruction in 1615, however, they moved to St. Aegidien. The women's foundation seems to have existed until it was demolished in 1955.

"Many old ladies have led their lives to an end in quiet contemplation behind these windows and have rested from the suffering that the outside world is causing."

- Erich Schulz: That's how we saw Braunschweig. Publishers Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig, around 1948, p. 26.

“The Maria Magdalenen Chapel was demolished in the fall of 1955. For many Braunschweiger at the time incomprehensible. "

- Jürgen Hodemacher: Braunschweig's streets - their names and their stories. Volume 1, pp. 184-185.

When the Kleine Burg grammar school was expanded in 1905 and an adjoining house had to be demolished, five gothic windows that had been bricked up until then could be exposed and restored. The tracery of these windows showed fish-bubble ornaments that are atypical for Braunschweig sacred buildings . At the time of the Second World War , nine conventual women and a dominatrix lived in an adjacent half-timbered building .

"In front of the castle ( sic !) 8 [...] the former St. Aegidii monastery, there is a half-timbered house with a double-looped ribbon wave and - largely covered by an extension from the 18th century - Latin inscription. It belongs to the 16th century, as well as the associated stable and farm buildings. On the north gable side of the main building (and, as it were, sandwiched between this and other buildings) there is still a very inconspicuous house from the 15th century with an anchor beam structure . The importance of these oldest of our local half-timbered buildings for German house research should be underlined again. Such houses, kept in the simplest form and without ornamentation, can contain valuable references to the still largely unexplained half-timbered building of the high Middle Ages ! "

- Rudolf Fricke : The city of Braunschweig's inventory of old half-timbered houses.

Location of the property

Chapel (left in the background) with ancillary building 1905: In the center in the foreground the access to the inner courtyard between the chapel and the residential and farm buildings.

The building complex, to which the chapel also belonged, was located in the city center and near the cathedral and the Kohlmarkt , nonetheless “secluded” and seemed almost inaccessible. The place was practically unknown to even-born Braunschweig residents because it was so hidden. Behind unadorned old half-timbered houses, low stables, old warehouses , sheds and wagon sheds were the chapel, residential and farm buildings at the end of a narrow, crooked, cobblestone cul-de-sac.

“The decrepit buildings [of the“ Kleine Burg ”secondary school for girls]… in connection with the adjoining Maria Magdalenen Chapel make a rural impression that is not without romance, but only those who know the place will appreciate this part of old Braunschweig, the public is pretty much enraptured by its peculiar location, give more information. "

- Braunschweigische Landeszeitung , edition of November 27, 1904

Second World War

Aerial view of the Braunschweig city center from May 12, 1945, looking south: List of prominent landmarks under "Notes".

During the Second World War , Braunschweig was an important transport, armaments and research center and was the target of numerous Allied bombing raids, the first of which was carried out by the Royal Air Force (RAF) on August 17, 1940 , the last heavy on March 31, 1945 . Until the handover of the city of Braunschweig on April 12, 1945 to the 30th US Infantry Division of the 9th US Army , there were several low-flying attacks in the last days before the handover.

The most devastating bomb attack on Braunschweig took place on October 15, 1944 . As a result of this nightly bombardment, a firestorm developed that could only be extinguished after several days. The attack destroyed large parts of the already clearly war-torn, medieval influenced city final. The degree of destruction of the city (within the Okerring ) was 90% at the end of the war, the total degree of destruction of the city as a whole was 42%. This makes Braunschweig one of the twelve most heavily damaged German cities.

Of the 20 Protestant churches in Braunschweig, the church of the Kreuzkloster was the only one that was completely destroyed, eight were badly damaged, five lightly and three slightly. Only three were not damaged at all. Braunschweig's only Catholic church, the Nicolai Church, built between 1710 and 1712, was also completely destroyed, as was the St. Bartholomew Chapel of the evangelical reformed community in the city center . The Maria Magdalenen Chapel was one of the three churches that survived the bombing war almost unscathed. Because the chapel of the ev. Reform. The municipality of Braunschweig was so badly damaged that it moved to the undamaged Maria Magdalenen Chapel for church services until 1954. Her pastor from 1923 to 1967 was Eberhard Frielinghaus (born November 22, 1895 in Wahlstatt / District of Liegnitz; † November 19, 1983 in Braunschweig), who made some drawings of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel during these years (see below).

Purchase of land by the printing and publishing company Albert Limbach

Map of the part of the city of Braunschweig located within the flood ditches (1885) . The building complex of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel and the commercial and residential buildings adjoining it are located a little to the left of the center in the red-brown area labeled St. Aegydien Abbey . Lower left the Kohlmarkt , upper right the Burgplatz with the cathedral , Dankwarderode Castle and the Braunschweig Lion .
Entrance area to the municipal secondary school for girls , today's Kleine Burg grammar school . The small street on the right led into the dead end to the Maria Magdalenen Chapel.
Chapel 1903

The monastery grounds bordered on the Hutfiltern 8 property , where the Albert Limbach printing and publishing company had its place of business since 1887. Between 1880 and 1982 various regional newspapers were published in the print shop, including the Braunschweiger Zeitung from 1946 onwards .

On July 12, 1940, at the beginning of the Second World War , the company submitted an application for the first time to sell the property at Kleine Burg 8 (St. Aegidien Abbey and Chapel) to the printing and publishing company Albert Limbach KG . In the company's request was referred to the city on the special economic importance and the fact that Mary Magdalene chapel are preserved and ... be transformed into artistic perfect way for ceremonies of followers ... should. The request went to the Brunswick Ministry of Finance (Finance Minister was the NSDAP -Politiker Dietrich Klagges who in personal union was the Free State of Brunswick and Minister of Education and Minister), since neither the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Brunswick , nor the wife Convention itself the owner of the building ensembles were , but the Braunschweig Monastery and Study Fund. The Braunschweig Monastery and Study Fund had a special legal position that was not clearly clarified at the time. According to a letter to Prime Minister Klagges, the pen had … no legal personality of its own… so that … a cancellation of the pen […] therefore [= for the (sale)] is not necessary… .

The Brunswick Ministry of Finance rejected the purchase application on August 15, 1940, because priority was to be given to the expansion of the school, which is also directly adjacent to the monastery property (today's Gymnasium Kleine Burg ). The city of Braunschweig, in turn, was interested in the property in order to set up a school for the deaf .

Since there were now several interested buyers, the attention of the Braunschweig state government was suddenly aroused. It was examined where the conventual women could be relocated. The choice initially fell on the Kreuzkloster , which would initially have had to be repaired and expanded at the expense of the state. Other accommodation options were also examined. Various appraisals came to values ​​between 82,797 and 1,119,286 RM for the 2108 m² large property .

In the meantime it had been decided to convert the monastery into a student dormitory, the construction work necessary for the relocation of the nuns at the Kreuzkloster was well advanced by the end of 1941 and the handover of the new student dormitory to the city of Braunschweig was planned for April 1, 1942. However, due to the advancing war, this plan was no longer implemented.

On May 18, 1942, Harald Voigt, owner of the Limbach printing house, again contacted Heinrich Steinmann , Ministerialrat in the Reich Aviation Ministry , with the purchase request and asked him to present the matter to Klagges. To confirm his interest, Voigt offered two properties for exchange for Kleine Burg 8 . In a handwritten note, it was suggested that the Limbach company be granted a right of first refusal . This note is the first evidence that considers the possible demolition of the chapel, since it is dilapidated and ... [could] be demolished, since it has no art-historical value. In an internal letter from the Braunschweig Ministry of Finance on October 4, 1940, the author of the letter, Freist, assumed that the Maria Magdalenen Chapel was a listed building . In June 1942, the state ministry informed the print shop that there was a general willingness to ... sell part of the Kleine Burg 8 property [...] - provided that the two properties were sold to the state at the same time.

On August 10, 1942, the Ministry of Finance confirmed again that the chapel on the property, which is no longer used for church purposes, [...] could be left for demolition [...] immediately . This provision for demolition was also recorded once again in the preliminary contract between the monastery fund, represented by the State Ministry and the Limbach company. Obviously without knowledge of the agreements, the building department of the city had in the meantime carried out renovation work on the monastery buildings and only found out about the agreements made between the State Ministry and the Limbach company on October 23, 1942. In a letter from the building construction department, he expresses astonishment about the upcoming sale and that ... the demolition of all buildings should now be permitted, although the expansion of the printing plant in the city center, which is supported by this, is undesirable for reasons of urban planning and air protection . In particular, it was pointed out in the letter to the Ministry of Finance that the Monument Protection Committee had previously always demanded the preservation of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel and thus the property could not be sold.

On November 12, 1942, the Brunswick Minister of Finance wrote to the Brunswick Minister for Public Education: Within the framework of the necessary planning, there is no possibility of making the chapel accessible to the public in any way. According to the local opinion, it cannot be regarded as so valuable that it could prevent the planning mentioned in the long run. In the same letter, the ministry expressly states that the Maria Magdalenen Chapel may only be demolished if its listed status has been revoked beforehand. Thereupon the Minister for Public Education replied: ... the chapel [is] not a listed building in the sense that a number of residential buildings [...] are registered in a monument book. A lifting of the monument protection is irrelevant. The minister of education approved the demolition if there were compelling reasons and in this case only demanded that art-historically important components should be salvaged before the demolition and handed over to the ministry.

July 23, 1955: Letter of reply (1st page) from the Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture to Martin Erdmann, Regional Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Landeskirche Braunschweig, on its letter of February 22nd.

On April 4, 1944, the contract between the monastery fund and the Limbach printing company was signed. Under § 4 II it contains the passage :

"If the chapel ... is to be broken off, the Braunschweig Minister for Public Education [Prime Minister Dietrich Klagges at the time] must be informed at least 1 month before the break-off begins. [He] has the right to demand the surrender of components or other objects which, at his discretion, have art historical significance. These components and objects become the property of the monastery and study fund without compensation. "

- Reply from Helmut Bojunga , State Secretary in the Lower Saxony Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs on July 23, 1955 to Martin Erdmann , Regional Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Landeskirche Braunschweig on his letter of February 22, 1955.

It was contractually stipulated that the new owner of the property, the Limbach company, had sole decision-making authority over the demolition.

The swap contract in 1944 led the war to a protracted dispute between the Brunswick monastery and study funds and the company Limbach, who until the end of 1951 with a comparison could be completed. Among other things, this consisted of the fund undertaking to vacate the Kleine Burg 8 building by June 30, 1953.

Time after World War II

Interior of the chapel, 1950. Drawing by Eberhard Frielinghaus, pastor of the evangelical reform. Local community. It shows the entrance portal (left), the 4 console heads and in the center the church's 17th century chandelier , which they recovered from the rubble of the Bartholomew Chapel and hung it here.

In contrast to large parts of the Braunschweig city center , the Maria Magdalenen Chapel survived the war bombing unharmed. The premises were temporarily used for services by the nearby Bartholomew Congregation, whose church was badly damaged.

“I well remember this ancient square of houses that could be reached via the path that still exists today along the school wall [of the Kleine Burg grammar school ]. The yellow half-timbered buildings overgrown with ivy - the oldest from 1520 - surrounded a tiny courtyard, the center of which was adorned with a round lawn with bushes and flowers. It was a quiet, enchanted place in the middle of the hustle and bustle of the big city ... The center of this idyll was the Maria Magdalenen Chapel. "

- Eckhard Schimpf : Castle Passage and "House Murder". In: Klinterklater , Braunschweiger Zeitung of September 16, 2017, p. 11.

Owners and residents between 1940 and 1955

The Braunschweig address books for 1940, 1942, 1950, 1952 and 1955/56 list the following persons and institutions as owners, residents or users of the building complex. 1940 was the year in which the Albert Limbach company applied for the first time on July 12th to sell the property at Kleine Burg 8 (St. Aegidien Abbey and Chapel) to the printing and publishing company Albert Limbach KG . The address book appeared for the last time during the war in 1942. The first post-war edition appeared in 1950, followed by 1952 and 1955/56 (data status: January 15, 1955), the year the Maria Magdalenen Chapel and its neighboring buildings were demolished.

The ownership structure does not seem to have been clearly clarified until the demolition, because in all of the years mentioned the (co-) owner was always the St. Aegidii Abbey. The last dominatrix of the monastery was Mathilde Schwarzenberg . She had lived there since at least 1936. She must have died between 1942 (last mention in the address book) and 1950. The last conventual who lived at Kleine Burg 8 until the demolition was the St. John's sister Elisabeth Kaempfe , who had also lived there since at least 1936.

Surname 1940 1942 1950 1952 1955/56 additive comment
St. Aegidii Abbey x x x x x 1952: 1st floor 1940–1955: Owner ( United Monastery and Study Fund )
1952: Owner ( Albert Limbach Company )
United Monastery and Study Fund x x owner
Schwarzenberg, Mathilde x x ground floor Dominatrix
Schwarzenberg, Bertha , Miss. x x ground floor
Schwarzenberg, Franziska , Miss. x x ground floor
Brandes, Marie , Miss. x ground floor
Kuhne, Elsbeth , Miss. x x ground floor Pen Lady (1942)
Bank, Elsbeth , Miss. x x ground floor
Schaarschmidt, Hedwig , Miss. x x ground floor
Günther, Else , Miss. x x ground floor
Heusinger, Charlotte , Miss. x x 1. floor
Kaempfe, Marianne , Miss. x x x Side building 1 Johanniter Sister
Kaempfe, Elisabeth , Miss. x x x x x Side building 1 Johanniter Sister
Hartmann, Artur x x x x Side building 1
1952: ground floor 		Worker (1940 + 1942), caretaker (1950 + 1952)
Hartmann, Helmut x x ground floor butcher
Bellinghofen, Helmut x locksmith
Schilling, Johanne , Miss. x x
Limbach, Albert (1952: President of the Lower Saxony administrative district of Braunschweig, refugee department,
state welfare and youth welfare office, welfare committee
for the Lower Saxony administrative district of Braunschweig ) 		x x Owner 1952: St. Aegidii Abbey
Müller, Anna , widow x x born Shilling
Zwietasch, Luise , wife x x ground floor born Behave
Penz, Helmut x x Workers
Carefree, Richard x Chemigrapher
Willim, Johann x facility manager
Refugee Department x
District youth worker x
Main welfare office of the war victims
and war
survivors, state bank 		x

Destroyed in 1955

The portal (photo around 1900) is now ...
in the south wall of the seminary, Alter Zeughof 1, where it was installed eleven years after the chapel was demolished.

The Braunschweiger Zeitung , or Limbach-Verlag, located in the street Hutfiltern 8 , south of the chapel and located there for decades , had already planned during the Second World War to enlarge and expand the business operations at this location. Corresponding plans were already in place, but could not be implemented due to the ongoing war.

The extensive destruction and the debris removal officially started on June 17, 1946 in Braunschweig resulted in enormous open spaces and fallow land that could have been used for the Limbach company expansion - a possibility that was not available before or during the war was. The property on which the late medieval building ensemble was located was owned by the Braunschweig Monastery and Study Fund, administered by the Braunschweig administrative district. The latter sold the property to Limbach-Verlag in the early 1950s. Instead of using the open spaces created by the effects of the war for the implementation of the construction project, Limbach stuck to the old plans and informed the President of the Braunschweig administrative district, Hubert Schlebusch ( SPD ), in writing on November 4, 1954 that ... the The chapel on the Kleine Burg 8 property would be demolished next month for structural reasons .

The then state curator and chief monument protector of the state of Braunschweig , Kurt Seeleke , commented on the event a few days later as follows:

“Even taking into account the fact that at the time the contract was signed the old town of Braunschweig with its abundance of historical buildings was still preserved, the unhesitating abandonment of this chapel by the representatives of the state at the time must be described as incomprehensible and irresponsible. The contract was drafted without hearing the responsible monument conservator. With the removal of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel, the only remaining example of its kind of an urban monastery, which used to consist of a chapel, residential and farm buildings, would be destroyed in its characteristic structural structure, which is particularly important in this case [ ...] the [e chapel] with a polygonal choir closure from the 15th century, [is] the most interesting and only preserved example of this type of building in Braunschweig's old town. "

- Letter from the Office for Monument Preservation, Dr. Kurt Seeleke, to the President of the Lower Saxony administrative district of Braunschweig… November 18, 1954
Artist picture postcard of the portal by Rudolf Sievers .

Due to the cultural and historical importance of the monastery ensemble, Seeleke suggested to the publisher Hans Eckensberger , who was also the editor and publisher of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, that the property worth protecting should be exchanged for another one that was also adjacent to the publisher's premises. The publisher expressed its “general readiness” for this proposal. City director Erich Walter Lotz and city planning officer Willi Schütte as well as the president of the Braunschweig administrative district Hubert Schlebusch also supported Seeleke's project. Nevertheless, the planning committee of the city of Braunschweig decided to demolish the Maria Magdalenen chapel and all of the adjacent buildings.

Meetings of the city's building planning committee

The city's building planning committee dealt for the first time on November 24, 1954 with the publisher's plans for expansion and demolition. Kurt Seeleke was present at this meeting. After the construction project had been described, Seeleke pointed out the special historical importance of the ensemble and was supported in his view by Daniel Thulesius , Professor of Architecture at the Technical University of Braunschweig , who remarked:

“Aborting it would encourage the wrong development that was initiated earlier. The historically valuable situation must be preserved. "

- Daniel Thulesius

A construction councilor stated that the demolition, which the publishing house had declared to be necessary for the operation of the new rotary press, was not necessary. A local meeting was scheduled, which took place on December 8th in the presence of the publishing house owner Eckensberger. In the subsequent committee meeting it was determined that the publisher had no concrete plans. Objections were raised again, this time and the like. a. by Julius Petersen , also professor of architecture at the TH Braunschweig. Furthermore, it was established that the monument conservationists Seeleke for Braunschweig and Karpa for the state of Lower Saxony had raised objections to the demolition "in the proper way". An extension to the north-west, which would make the demolition unnecessary, should be examined.

At the meeting on February 2, 1955, plans and models were available. Two options were discussed: extension to the north and south. Walter Oehler, President of the Braunschweig Chamber of Crafts , stated that the publishing house now wants to erect a building with seven - instead of the previously mentioned two - floors.

The meeting of March 23, 1955 came about at the request of the publisher's architect. It was discussed whether four instead of seven storeys should be approved. The publisher intended to increase the structural utilization of its new property and thus achieve an improved utilization rate of the new building, which in return made the demolition of the chapel ensemble necessary. A final decision was not made because further discussions were pending between the building department and other authorities.

In his most recent research in the Braunschweig city archives , Wolfgang Jünke , pastor of the Martin-Chemnitz congregation and district home keeper of the Lindenberg settlement, found that the files of the city's building regulations office had "an accurate gap" for the period 1954 to 1955. It was precisely during this period that the final decision to demolish the Maria Magdalenen Chapel was made.

Interventions to preserve the Maria Magdalenen Chapel

After the end of the war there were several advances from various sides to prevent the threatened demolition of the chapel and the associated commercial and residential buildings. Ultimately, they were all in vain.

By the state curator of the state of Braunschweig

In addition to Kurt Seeleke's letter of November 18, 1954 (see above), representatives of other institutions also contacted the publishing house, but also the state of Lower Saxony.

Through the Ev.-luth. Propstei Braunschweig

Almost four weeks after Seeleke's letter, the Braunschweig Propstei responded with a letter dated December 14, 1954 to a letter from the publisher Hans Eckensberger dated January 13 of the year in which he had announced that he would “... receive the Maria Magdalenen Chapel and would only use it for purposes that are worthy of a former church. ”Between January and December, however, this attitude had changed and the demolition had now been decided after all. The provost therefore insisted on:

“... to keep this house of God for church use and to make it available to us in the same way as you did before to the Reformed Church. With the little that we still have in old church buildings, it is very important to us that there is no irreversible damage here. "

- signed “Jürgens”, Ev.-luth. Propstei Braunschweig, December 14, 1954

At the end of January 1955, there were renewed discussions between all those involved and it was initially stated that “the interest in the preservation of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel is so great that the state should demand the transfer of the property”. Even the highest state curator of Lower Saxony , Oskar Karpa , got involved in the debate in order to avert the destruction of the cultural property .

The Limbach company stated that the demolition of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel was necessary because the old Hutfitern 8 premises were insufficient for the installation of the new rotary press . However, the printing company offered to refrain from demolishing the chapel if the city of Braunschweig had the Kleine Burg school demolished instead .

The city initially responded positively to this suggestion, as it signaled its willingness to do so on the condition that a new school had to be built to compensate for the demolition of the old school. However, since Braunschweig was unable to finance this new building project due to the urban development and the associated financial problems, the state of Lower Saxony would have had to raise these costs.

By the city church building office of the Braunschweig provost's office

On February 1, 1955, Oberlandeskirchenbaurat Friedrich Berndt , head of the city church building office of the city of Braunschweig, contacted the regional church office in Wolfenbüttel . With reference to Eckensberger's suggestion to dismantle the Maria Magdalenen Chapel and to rebuild it elsewhere, which, however, is neither to be financed nor sensible, since the "... historically and architecturally significant situation is lost." Furthermore Berndt pointed out that, among others, the government building councilor von Stuckrad asked the regional church office to intervene, as did the state curator Karpa and the district curator Seeleke.

"However, since the building committee of the city of Braunschweig has already decided to demolish it, it seems very difficult to maintain the building."

- Letter of February 1, 1955 from Oberlandeskirchenbaurat Friedrich Berndt to the Landeskirchenamt in Wolfenbüttel
Through the regional bishop of the Ev.-luth. Regional Church of Braunschweig
February 22, 1955: Letter from Martin Erdmann , Regional Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Landeskirche Braunschweig, to the Minister of Culture of Lower Saxony, Richard Voigt . Page 1.

Finally, on February 22, 1955, Martin Erdmann , regional bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, turned. Landeskirche Braunschweig with a letter directly to Richard Voigt ( SPD ), Minister of Culture of Lower Saxony . In it Erdmann emphasized not only the cultural and historical importance of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel, but also the fact that it had not only survived the war undamaged and had been available to the Reformed congregation for years until its badly damaged church was renewed but also that numerous other, partly badly damaged, church buildings in Braunschweig had been rebuilt with large public funds and at great sacrifice. Finally, Erdmann asked the minister to personally support the preservation of the Gothic building.

Five months later, on July 23, 1955, Erdmann received the answer in a letter from State Secretary Helmut Bojunga , in which he informed him that the State of Lower Saxony had no legal means of preventing the demolition, nor was it financially able to to assume the costs for the proposed new school building and thus rejected Erdmann's requests.

This sealed the fate of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel. All efforts to preserve the ensemble failed “because of the indecisiveness of the negotiating partners”, as stated in the “summary overview of the most important objects of monument preservation work during the 1954/55 financial year”. A few days later, it was finally demolished in July 1955.

Recovered and lost things from the chapel

Only a few pieces of special interest were recovered before the demolition work began and could thus be preserved. Including the portal , which was built into the south side of the new preacher's seminary, Alter Zeughof 1, in the early summer of 1966, eleven years after the chapel was demolished and without the wooden panels. The foundation stone from 1499 with a semi-sculptural carved out figure of Maria Magdalena and a copper plate with an inscription. For decades, this foundation stone was set up in various rooms of the Braunschweiger Zeitung "... in a showcase made of" burglar-proof glass "in the Limbach publishing house ...". Initially immediately after the chapel and the adjoining buildings had been removed, it was in the (old) publishing house Hutfiltern 8 and after its demolition and relocation, the Braunschweiger Zeitung in 1981 was exhibited in the new publishing premises at Hamburger Straße 277, where it was still located in 2001. After the Braunschweiger Zeitung moved to a new building at the end of 2014, this time the Hintern Brothers 23 , the foundation stone is now there.

It is unknown whether the ornate keystone of the cross vault was salvaged or disposed of with the rubble.

Foundation stone from 1499

The foundation stone from 1499 with a semi-sculptural statue of Maria Magdalena carved out of the stone and an embedded copper plate with information about the donors.
The copper plate embedded in the foundation stone

The foundation stone of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel is unique because of the sculpture associated with it and is therefore of particular importance, because no other foundation stone designed in this way is documented for the Middle Ages . Both Sabine Wehking and Wilfried E. Keil, both historians, describe the foundation stone as ... a central object of considerable quality for the medieval city history [Braunschweig] ... (Wehking), or ... something very unusual ... (Keil).

A copper plaque was set into the foundation stone of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel . The rectangular stone (81 × 57 cm) has medallions carved on the corners with the symbols of the four evangelists . In the middle, the almost fully plastic figure of Maria Magdalena standing on a pedestal and holding an ointment vessel with the right hand was carved out of the stone. To the left of her, the year 1499 is carved vertically into the stone. Each digit is 11.8 cm high. To the right of the figure is the copper plate (29 × 15.7 cm) with an engraved inscription.

Original text in 6 mm high Gothic minuscule with capital letters ( set off at the top right beginning with ioha (n) nes b ):

“Ioha (n) nes bb) / S (an) c (t) a ma (r) ia mad (ale) nac) senior [decan (vs)] d) / Johan (ne) s blecker decan (vs) n (oste) r detmar (vs) becker / Teodericvs breiger Jordan (vs) de medinck / cano (n) ici deder (vn) t de cvrijs eorv (m) ad ea (n) da (m) e) ca / ​​pella ( m) bertold (vs) ti (m) merla pl (e) ba (nvs) ibide (m) Jo / ha (n) nes eldages hinric (us) cosvelt vicaieijf) / h (er) ma (nnvs) g) Jansberch m (a) g (iste) r vince (n) ci (vs) helmke (n) / honema (n) merte (n) va (n) lvtt (er) claves wi / ti (n) ck ha (n) s lesse ”

“Holy Mary Magdalene. The senior Johannes Blecker, our dean, (and) the canons Detmar Becker, Dietrich Breier and Jordan von Meding have contributed to this chapel from their curia. Bertold Timmerla, pastor there, Johannes Eldages (and) Heinrich Cosvelt, vicars, Hermann Jansberg, Magister Vincenz, Helmke Honemann, Martin van Lutter, Klaus Witinck, Hans Lesse "

It is unusual that the writer made several typographical errors. However, these were not, as is usual in such a case, removed by subsequent smoothing of the metal in order to obtain an error-free text, but rather crossed out or overwritten as if on a sheet of paper. It was written on drawn lines, each letter has been traced in black.

Tracery and portrait heads

Also salvaged tracery of the Gothic windows as well as the wooden gate and tracery of the stone portal , now built in Alter Zeughof 1 (Braunschweig Theological Center), are lost. The same consoles and three of the four finely crafted portrait heads . The heads were in the choir of the chapel. They seemed to be supporting the cross vault . At least two of these heads were in the old building of the Braunschweiger Zeitung Hutfilter in a conference room. You cannot be found today. A head was discovered in the thorn of the old town hall over a door. In addition, two statues that were to the right and left of the entrance portal (today Alter Zeughof 1 , without figures) are missing . On the one hand Maria Magdalena (already damaged before the war), on the other hand a bishop.

  • Drawings of the 4 console heads from 1950, made by Eberhard Frielinghaus, pastor of the ev.-reform. local community
  • Braunschweig Maria-Magdalenen-Kapelle Konsolkopf 1 1950 (Eberhard Frielinghaus 1895–1983) .jpg
  • Braunschweig Maria-Magdalenen-Kapelle Konsolkopf 2 1950 (Eberhard Frielinghaus 1895–1983) .jpg
  • Braunschweig Maria-Magdalenen-Kapelle Konsolkopf 3 1950 (Eberhard Frielinghaus 1895–1983) .jpg
  • Braunschweig Maria-Magdalenen-Kapelle Konsolkopf 4 1950 (Eberhard Frielinghaus 1895–1983) .jpg

Reporting in the Braunschweig press

The Burgpassage on December 28, 2019: vacancy since mid-2018.

While the Braunschweiger Nachrichten reported on the planned demolition of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in April 1955, the event itself was not mentioned in the local press either immediately after or in the years after. Neither the Braunschweiger Nachrichten nor the Braunschweiger Zeitung reported about it. In 1965 an anniversary publication was published to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Limbach Verlag, in which the extension of the publishing house in 1955 is mentioned, but not the (necessary) demolition of the chapel. It was not until 1981, 26 years later, that two articles appeared in the Braunschweiger Zeitung. In one, a reader asks for information about the history of the building (from March 15, 1981), in the second article (from July 9, 1981) with the title Preserved and Disappeared Witnesses Braunschweiger Kirchbaugeschichte the chapel and its demolition are only briefly mentioned. It wasn't until March 29, 1997, again in the Braunschweiger Zeitung , that an article - this time more detailed - with the title Disappeared Chapel appears , which mentions that the monastery ensemble had to give way to the extension of the publishing house.

On September 16, 2017 the former editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung Eckhard Schimpf published the article Burgpassage and “Häusermord” in his weekly column “Klinterklater ” , in which he drew attention to the story of the demolition of the ensemble. On December 30, 2017, the first article ( Where Magdalena's Chapel once stood ) in an announced series about the history and fate of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel was published with a call to readers to contact the local editorial office with further information. With this article it was also made public that the cornerstone is still in the possession of the Braunschweiger Zeitung.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 22, p. 218.
  2. ↑ a b Garzmann, Schuegraf, Pingel: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon - supplementary volume , p. 91
  3. ↑ a b Eckhard Schimpf : Burgpassage and "Häusermord". In: KLINTERKLATER , Braunschweiger Zeitung of September 16, 2017, p. 11.
  4. ^ Braunschweig: demolition of the Burgpassage on modern-regional.de.
  5. ↑ Press release of the Braunschweig Regional Court of December 19, 2019: The Regional Court prohibits demolition work and the closure of the Burg Passage until the end of March 2023 on landgericht-braunschweig.niedersachsen.de
  6. ↑ Regional court prohibits demolition work and blocking of the Burgpassage on regionalbraunschweig.de
  7. ↑ Norbert Jonscher: Court ruled: Burgpassage may not be demolished for the time being. In: Braunschweiger Zeitung from December 20, 2019.
  8. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 220.
  9. ↑ a b c Hermann Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , p. 415.
  10. ^ A b Hermann Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , p. 416.
  11. ↑ The inscriptions of the city of Braunschweig until 1528 : Maria Magdalenen-Kapelle. on German inscriptions online .
  12. ↑ Ernst Döll: The collegiate monasteries St. Blasius and St. Cyriacus in Braunschweig. In: Braunschweiger workpieces. Volume 36. Orphanage printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1967, p. 178.
  13. ↑ Werner Spieß : History of the city of Braunschweig in the post-Middle Ages . From the end of the Middle Ages to the end of urban freedom 1491–1671. Volume 2, Orphanage Printing and Publishing, Braunschweig 1966, OCLC 7495150 , p. 640.
  14. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 221.
  15. ↑ Ernst Döll: The collegiate monasteries St. Blasius and St. Cyriacus in Braunschweig. In: Braunschweiger workpieces. Volume 36. Orphanage printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1967, p. 234.
  16. ^ Meier, Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. P. 38
  17. ^ Meier and Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig , p. 44
  18. ↑ a b Braunschweig address book 1955/56. Edited from official sources. 131st edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1955, p. 178.
  19. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner city churches and chapels before and after 1944 , p. 214
  20. ↑ This refers to the street Kleine Burg , not the street Vor der Burg
  21. ^ Rudolf Fricke: The existence of the city of Braunschweig at old half-timbered houses. (Addendum to issue 2/1955). In: Braunschweigische Heimat. 1955, Volume 41, Issue 3, published by the Braunschweigisches Landesverein für Heimatschutz, E. Appelhans & Co., Braunschweig, p. 83.
  22. ↑ Brigitte Birkholz: "We learn through teaching" - a chapter on urban redevelopment. P. 116.
  23. ↑ Brigitte Birkholz: "We learn through teaching" - a chapter on urban redevelopment. P. 115.
  24. ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: The war economy in the country of Braunschweig. In: Gudrun Fiedler , Hans-Ulrich Ludewig : Forced Labor and War Economy in the State of Braunschweig 1939–1945. Braunschweigischer Geschichtsverein (Ed.), Volume 39, Appelhans Verlag , Braunschweig 2003, ISBN 3-930292-78-5 , pp. 15-69.
  25. ^ Eckart Grote: Target Brunswick 1943–1945. Air raid target Braunschweig - documents of destruction. Braunschweig 1994, ISBN 3-9803243-2-X , p. 11.
  26. ↑ Rudolf Prescher : The red rooster over Braunschweig. Air raid protection measures and air war events in the city of Braunschweig 1927 to 1945. , Braunschweig 1955, p. 104.
  27. ↑ Rudolf Prescher: The red rooster over Braunschweig. Air protection measures and aerial warfare events in the city of Braunschweig from 1927 to 1945. p. 107.
  28. ↑ Rudolf Prescher: The red rooster over Braunschweig. Air raid protection measures and air war incidents in the city of Braunschweig from 1927 to 1945. p. 112.
  29. ^ Helmut Weihsmann : Building under the swastika. Architecture of doom. Promedia Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-85371-113-8 , p. 306.
  30. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 218.
  31. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner city churches and chapels before and after 1944. P. 88.
  32. ^ Luitgard Camerer: Limbach, Albert Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft mbH u. Co. KG. In: Luitgard Camerer , Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-926701-14-5 , p. 145 .
  33. ^ Britta Berg: Newspapers and magazines from Braunschweig including Helmstedt (until 1810) and Wolfenbüttel (until 1918). In: Braunschweiger Werkstücke , publications from the city archive and the city library, series A, volume 40, the whole series, volume 93, Braunschweig 1995, ISBN 3-930459-08-6 , p. 77.
  34. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 225.
  35. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 71, p. 226.
  36. ↑ Braunschwegisches Address Book 1940. III. Department. Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1940, pp. 9-10.
  37. ↑ Braunschwegisches Address Book 1940. III. Department. Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1940, p. 186.
  38. ↑ a b Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 226.
  39. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 227.
  40. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 228.
  41. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 229.
  42. ↑ a b Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 231.
  43. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 230.
  44. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 108, 109 and 110, p. 231.
  45. ↑ Signature: LAW local file Braunschweig in general 44 , p. 1.
  46. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 232–233.
  47. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 233.
  48. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner city churches and chapels before and after 1944. pp. 84–85.
  49. ↑ Braunschweig address book for 1940. Adapted from official sources. 126th edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1940, p. 186.
  50. ↑ Braunschweig address book for the year 1942. Edited from official sources. 128th edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1942, p. 191.
  51. ↑ Braunschweigisches Address Book 1950. Adapted from official sources. 129th edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1950, p. 191.
  52. ↑ Braunschweigisches address book 1952. Adapted from official sources. 130th edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1952, p. 193.
  53. ↑ Braunschweig address book for 1936. Edited from official sources. 122nd edition, printing and publishing house Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1936, p. 53.
  54. ^ Wolfgang Eilers, Dietmar Falk: Narrow-gauge steam in Braunschweig. The history of the rubble railway. In: Small series of publications by the Braunschweiger Verkehrsfreunde eV Association, issue 3, Braunschweig 1985, p. 66.
  55. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 236.
  56. ↑ Regina Blume: Kurt Seeleke. In: Working group other history (ed.): Braunschweiger personalities of the 20th century. Volume 1, döringDruck, Braunschweig 2012, ISBN 978-3-925268-42-7 , pp. 248-253.
  57. ↑ quoted from Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 139, p. 237.
  58. ↑ quoted from Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 16.4 p. 241.
  59. ↑ a b Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 237.
  60. ↑ a b Braunschweig City Archives , signature: STA BS E 322: 7.
  61. ^ Braunschweig City Archives, signature: STA BS E 322: 8.
  62. ↑ a b Interview with Wolfgang A. Jünke: We must not let up in the search! In: Braunschweiger Zeitung. 17th February 2018.
  63. ↑ a b Letter from the Oberlandeskirchenbaurat Friedrich Berndt , head of the city church building office of the city of Braunschweig, to the regional church office in Wolfenbüttel from February 1, 1955, regional church archive Wolfenbüttel , signature: LAW_LFB_17 - 2.
  64. ↑ a b Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 238.
  65. ↑ Reply from Helmut Bojunga , State Secretary in the Ministry of Culture of Lower Saxony to Bishop Martin Erdmann from July 23, 1955, LAW Local File Braunschweig in general 44 , p. 2.
  66. ^ Letter of February 22, 1955 from Martin Erdmann, regional bishop of the Ev.-Lutheran. Landeskirche Braunschweig, to Richard Voigt, Minister of Culture of Lower Saxony, p. 1.
  67. ↑ Reply from Helmut Bojunga, State Secretary in the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs of Lower Saxony to Bishop Martin Erdmann from July 23, 1955, signature: LAW Local File Braunschweig general 44 , pp. 2-3.
  68. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 239.
  69. ↑ Landeskirchliches Archiv Wolfenbüttel, file number acc 212/06 “New building of the preacher's seminar and archive 1964–1967” with the invoice from the stone mason company.
  70. ↑ a b c d e Sabine Wehking: DI 56, City of Braunschweig II, A3, No. 269A on: DIO.
  71. ↑ quoted from Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. FN 150, p. 239.
  72. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner city churches and chapels before and after 1944. P. 217.
  73. ↑ Wilfried E. Keil: Hidden for centuries - the foundation stone of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig. In: Mystery and the hidden in the Middle Ages. 17th symposium of the Medievalists Association, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, March 19-22, 2017.
  74. ↑ a b Wilfried E. Keil: Absent and yet present? For the restricted presence of foundation stones and their inscriptions. In: Foundation in archaeological evidence. Communications from the German Society for Archeology in the Middle Ages and Modern Times. 27. Paderborn 2014, pp. 17–24.
  75. ↑ Ernst Döll: The collegiate monasteries St. Blasius and St. Cyriacus in Braunschweig. Pp. 185 and 314.
  76. ↑ Ernst Döll: The collegiate monasteries St. Blasius and St. Cyriacus in Braunschweig. P. 312.
  77. ↑ Ernst Döll: The collegiate monasteries St. Blasius and St. Cyriacus in Braunschweig. P. 334.
  78. ↑ Werner Spieß: The councilors of the Hanseatic city of Braunschweig 1231–1671. With a constitutional introduction. 2nd edition increased by a council line. In: Braunschweiger workpieces. Volume 42. Orphanage printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1970, OCLC 5081201 , p. 163.
  79. ^ Reinhard Dorn: Medieval churches in Braunschweig. P. 251.
  80. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner-city churches and chapels before and after 1944. P. 215 (with photo).
  81. ^ "A jewel of church art." In: Braunschweiger Zeitung of January 8, 2018 p. 13.
  82. ↑ The trail leads to the old town hall. In: Braunschweiger Zeitung of January 9, 2018 p. 13.
  83. ↑ Paul Jonas Meier and Karl Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd edition, p. 38.
  84. ↑ Wolfgang A. Jünke: Destroyed art from Braunschweig's houses of worship - inner city churches and chapels before and after 1944. P. 216 (with photo).
  85. ^ Albert Limbach KG (ed.): 100 years, still young. For the 100th anniversary on October 28, 1965. Braunschweig 1965.
  86. ↑ Torsten Priem: The history of the Maria Magdalenen Chapel in Braunschweig from the Middle Ages to its demolition in 1955. P. 240.

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 47.2 "  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 18.5"  E

Remarks

  1. ↑ In raking light (sun is in the West) easily recognizable: The (bright, wide) road from the bottom, obliquely running right is the Fallersleber road , which in the Hagenmarkt flows. The badly damaged Katharinenkirche is clearly visible . Following the Hagenmarkt to the right, completely destroyed areas of the city ​​center . The three streets branching off from Fallersleber Strasse (with large-scale bombs) in the direction of Steinweg are v. l. To the right : Mauernstrasse , Schöppenstedter Strasse and Wilhelmstrasse . The Steinweg runs towards Burgplatz . The State Ministry can be seen here in Dankwardstrasse, opposite the City Hall . Dankwarderode Castle and the cathedral are visible on Burgplatz . The heavily damaged Braunschweig Castle on Bohlweg is slightly above the center of the picture . Behind it, to the south, destroyed streets around the Aegidienkirche , including Aegidienmarkt , Kuhstraße , Stobenstraße and Auguststraße . The old train station can be seen in the upper right corner. On the left edge of the picture, the State Theater is visible in the middle , and a little above the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum . In the upper left corner is the Magniviertel with numerous destroyed and damaged buildings. For example: the badly damaged Magni Church and large areas of destroyed streets around the Ackerhof . The municipal museum , the Löwenwall and the Gauss School can also be seen .
  2. ↑ Blecker was enrolled at the University of Leipzig in the summer semester of 1476 , where he acquired the title of Baccalaureus in the summer semester of 1478 . In 1499 he was elected Dean of St. Blasii Abbey . Blecker, also a doctor of law , was not a canon, but was appointed from outside. It was not until 1506 that he received a canonical to St. Blasii. In 1536 he was declared dead .
  3. ↑ From 1471 until his death in 1502, Becker also belonged to St. Blasii Abbey.
  4. ↑ Breier belonged to the monastery from 1481 until his death in 1532.
  5. ↑ From Meding from 1491 to his death in 1529.
  6. ↑ In a copy book of the monastery Timmerla is mentioned in 1490 as vicar of St. Blasii.
  7. ↑ Eldages is proven there as vicar for the years 1495 to 1506.
  8. ↑ The witness Martin van Lutter could possibly be Martin Lutter , from 1504 to 1507 a member of the council of the soft picture Hagen .