Municipality of Bolnissi
| Municipality of Bolnissi | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Country | Georgia | ||
| region | Niederkartlien | ||
| Seat | Bolnissi | ||
| surface | 804 km² | ||
| Residents | 53,590 (2014) | ||
| density | 67 inhabitants per km² | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | GE-KK | ||
| Website | bolnisi.gov.ge (Georgian) | ||
Coordinates: 41 ° 24 ' N , 44 ° 30' E
The Munizipalität Bolnissi ( Georgian ბოლნისის მუნიციპალიტეტი , Bolnissis munizipaliteti ) is an administrative unit (roughly equivalent to a district ) in the Niederkartlien region in southern Georgia .
geography
The administrative center of the municipality is the small town of Bolnissi . The 804.2 km² municipality borders on the municipality of Dmanissi in the west, on the municipality of Tetrizqaro in the north and on the municipality of Marneuli in the east , all also in the Niederkartlien region. In the south, the municipality is bounded by the state border with Armenia .
The largest part of the municipality is occupied by forested low mountain ranges, especially in the southern part , which reach heights of about 1300 m in the ridge areas in the northwest . In a southerly direction it rises to over 2000 m , with the 2141 m high locomotive on the state border with Armenia as the highest peak. The Lower Cartlian Plain reaches the extreme northeast of the area . Mainly along the northern border of the municipality, the right Kura tributary Chrami flows in a narrow valley , through the northern central part its right tributary Maschawera . Most of the municipalities are in the valley of the Maschawera.
Population and administrative division
With 53,590 inhabitants (2014), the population has decreased by more than a quarter compared to the previous census (74,301 inhabitants in 2002), which accelerated the trend that had started with the collapse of the Soviet Union . Before that, the number of inhabitants had remained constant since at least the 1930s (34,181 inhabitants in 1939) and, compared to other more rural parts of Georgia, had risen sharply.
- Population development
Note: census data
The municipality is one of three municipalities in Georgia - next to Marneuli and Dmanissi, in which Azerbaijanis form the largest population group, here with 66.0%. They are followed by Georgians (26.9%) and Armenians (5.8%) as well as a small number of Greeks and Russians (each 0.6%, as of 2002).
The largest localities besides the city of Bolnissi (8967 inhabitants) and the minor city (Georgian daba , დაბა ) Kasreti (4340 inhabitants) are the villages of Kwemo Bolnissi , Mamchuti , Nachiduri , Talaweri and Zurtawi (all predominantly inhabited by Azerbaijanis ), each with over 2000 inhabitants. . Another minor town is Tamarissi (510 inhabitants, all 2014).
The municipality is divided into the independent capital Bolnissi and 14 communities with a total of 48 localities. The municipalities are referred to as the “territorial organ ” for the two minor cities (Georgian teritoriuli organo, ტერიტორიული ორგანო ), for several localities as temi ( თემი ) and for only one village simply as “village” (Georgian sopeli, სოფელი ):
| local community | Number of towns |
Population (2014) |
|---|---|---|
| Akaurta | 8th | 3672 |
| Bolnissi | 4th | 2433 |
| Darbassi | 4th | 2059 |
| Disweli | 1 | 397 |
| Kasreti 1 | 2 | 5123 |
| Kwemo Bolnissi | 1 | 4162 |
| Kweschi | 5 | 2077 |
| Mamchuti | 4th | 3740 |
| Nachiduri | 6th | 6854 |
| Ratewani | 2 | 1721 |
| Ratschissubani | 4th | 2011 |
| Talaweri | 3 | 6456 |
| Tamarissi 1 | 3 | 3400 |
| Tandsia | 1 | 518 |
history
The municipality is located in the historical landscape of Bortschali , which formed a Ujesd in the Tbilisi Governorate when it belonged to the Russian Empire and was predominantly inhabited by Armenians, Azerbaijanis and Greeks. After fighting for the area during the period of the independent Georgian and Armenian republics in 1918 and 1919, the area remained with Georgia and most of the Armenians emigrated from this part of the country.
Since the beginning of the 19th century, the Caucasian-German colony (Neu-) Katharinenfeld existed in place of today's city of Bolnissi . From 1921, after Rosa Luxemburg, it was named Luxemburg and in 1930 it became the administrative seat of a newly spun off Rajon , which was accordingly called the Luxemburg Rajon ( Russian Район имени Люксембург , Rajon imeni Ljuksemburg; Georgian ლუქსემბურგის რაიონი , Luksemburgis raioni ). After the deportation of most Caucasus Germans in 1941 and Rajon place received its present name after the nearby village with its historically significant church.
From 1963 to 1966, the Rajon was dissolved and its territory was divided between the neighboring Rajons Dmanissi and Marneuli. In 1995 the Rajon was assigned to the newly formed region of Niederkartlien and in 2006 it was transformed into a municipality.
Attractions
On the territory of the municipality near the village of Bolnissi (about 7 km south of the town of the same name) with the Bolnissier Sioni Church, the oldest preserved church in Georgia from the 5th century; Nearby is the 12th century Zughrughascheni Church. In the village of Tandsia there is a museum dedicated to the diplomat and writer Sulchan-Saba Orbeliani who was born there , as well as the Nikolai Church from the 17th century.
traffic
The international trunk road S6 runs through the Maschawera valley with the administrative seat of the municipality from Tbilisi via Marneuli to the Armenian border, part of the European route 117 . In Bolnissi, the national road Sch35 ( შ 35 ) branches off to the neighboring administrative center of Tetrizqaro , as does the Sch154 ( შ 154 ) to the village of Bolnissi with its churches. In the northwest of the municipality, the Sch155 ( შ 155 ) leads to Tandsia.
The Maschawera and the S6 trunk road are followed by a branch line in Marneuli from the Tbilisi – Yerevan railway line via Bolnissi to Kasreti, on which, however, passenger traffic is suspended.
Web links
- Website of the Municipality of Bolnissi (Georgian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Population Census 2014 ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
- ↑ Population Census 2002 ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
