Roccasecca (Lazio)

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Roccasecca
coat of arms
Roccasecca (Italy)
Roccasecca
Country Italy
region Lazio
province Frosinone  (LT)
Coordinates 41 ° 33 '  N , 13 ° 40'  E Coordinates: 41 ° 33 '0 "  N , 13 ° 40' 0"  E
height 245  m slm
surface 43 km²
Residents 7,326 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 170 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 03038
prefix 0776
ISTAT number 060060
Popular name Roccaseccani
Patron saint San Pietro
Website Roccasecca
View of Roccasecca
View of Roccasecca

Roccasecca is a municipality in the province of Frosinone in the Italian region of Lazio with 7,326 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). It is located 119 kilometers southeast of Rome .

Roccasecca townscape

geography

Roccasecca is located on the western slope of the Monte Cairo massif above the Liri valley .

history

It has not been proven whether remains of polygonal walls point to the Volscian settlement of Duronia . The present place was founded in 994 as a castle of the abbots of Montecassino by Abbot Manso; it got its name because of a latent lack of water. Count Adinolfo von Aquino conquered it a little later and the place remained with his family. In 1192 he withstood a siege by the army of Emperor Heinrich VI. On May 19, 1411, a battle took place below in the plain between the armies of King Ladislaus of Naples and his rival Ludwig II of Anjou , which was victorious for him, but did not bring any advantage in the battle for the kingdom, because Ladislaus could Already at Cassino, his soldiers prevented him from advancing through his resistance. During later disputes between the parties Anjou and Aragon , Roccasecca was again in danger in 1458, because after the death of King Alfonso the generous Pope Calixtus III. (1455–1458) whose illegitimate son Ferrante I wanted to evade Naples by military means, but the Pope died shortly afterwards. In the late 1503 the place was besieged by French troops in vain. As part of the Duchy of Sora , Roccasecca had belonged to the Boncompagni family since 1583, and they built a palace here around 1750. In 1796 the place became the property of the crown and came with the Kingdom of Both Sicilies in 1860 to the new Kingdom of Italy . On October 23, 1943, the station in the valley was the target of an Allied air raid because the German XIV Panzer Corps under General Fridolin von Senger and Etterlin was stationed in this area ; in the following four battles for Cassino the place was badly destroyed. On September 14, 1974 Pope Paul VI visited. Roccasecca on the 700th anniversary of the death of Thomas Aquinas . In 1998 a statue of the famous comedian Totò was erected on the Piazza Risorgimento in front of the train station , because he had made the town famous throughout the country in his 1954 film "Il medico dei pazzi (The doctor of the crazy)".

Population development

year 1861 1881 1901 1921 1936 1951 1971 1991 2001 2016
Residents 4,875 5,678 6,531 6,869 7,764 7,456 6.143 7,327 7,442 7,355

Source: ISTAT

Attractions

  • In the eastern district of Caprile is the church of S. Maria delle Grazie with an almost unadorned facade and a clock tower inserted at the rear right corner of the building. The single-nave interior has a magnificent baroque structure with round pillars and barrel vaults with stitch caps and belt arches, which is frescoed with trompe-l-œil painting. In the side niches there are altars with paintings that mainly serve the cult of Mary, including one in the folk style showing a Madonna and Child as the protector of the poor souls. A painting with the Visitation of Mary hangs on the rear wall of the apse above the main altar. This and a rosary Madonna from 1586 with saints and the fifteen mysteries around are ascribed to the Neapolitan painter Marco Mazzaroppi.
  • Above Caprile is the rock church of S. Angelo in Asprano, a rustic church with frescoes on the mountainside. They show two saints on the left partition wall, the Archangel Michael on the right, and on the rear wall of the apse in two zones below, a gathering of the apostles with Our Lady in the middle, who raises her arms to heaven, where Christ is surrounded by angels in the mandorla; A striking left in front is a painted column with fluting and pseudo-leaf capital.
  • The Collegiata S. Maria Annunziata with a partly bizarre rococo facade is located in the central district of Castello at the main square; A dome rises above the crossing. The three rectangular portals, the upper rectangular window and the gable have very elaborate decorative elements. The handsome three-aisled interior with round arched pillars and coffered flat ceilings has an organ loft, side altars of various structures with paintings, including a Sacra Conversazione with the Madonna, Child Jesus and Saints Anthony Abbas and Blaise from the late Renaissance, and a large pulpit with inlay work. In the arms of the transept hang on the left a copy of the Last Supper by Paolo Veronese and on the right a Neapolitan style deposition from the cross. The painting of the main altar in the apse was made by the late Baroque painter Francesco de Mura from Naples and depicts the Annunciation. Finally, the richly designed choir stalls are still present.
  • A restored house nearby is popularly known as the property of the Doctor of the Church Thomas Aquinas. A Gothic gate leads into the courtyard, above which there is an inscription stone with an emblem depicting a rose held by two hands. However, because the brief two-line text names another Thomas as the builder and not a member of the count's family and the date MD [-] for 1500 appear in the bottom line, the building cannot have anything to do with the doctor of the church. The house facade includes two entrance portals on two levels and a monoforic and a biforic window next to it.
  • Further up is the church of S. Tommaso, which was the lower church of the original Roccasecca settlement. On its simple facade with a Romanesque rectangular portal and round arch, two loopholes windows and an oculus window, the bell tower is attached to the right on a high, sloping substructure: It has a round arched passage and a bezel containing a fresco of the saint. The single-nave, simple interior includes a wooden roof with a large transverse arch as a support and rear niches with a crucifix and a fresco of the enthroned Mother of God with the baby Jesus. Further remains of frescoes on the walls and on the right rear come from another church.
  • A path leads from S. Tommaso to the imposing and extensive ruins of the castle and the actual old town. Behind the entrance gate you meet on the summit of the core building with castle keep , a curtain wall and a round tower as a bulwark on the upper mountain side. A long wall with semicircular towers surrounds the remains of the settlement. Allegedly Thomas Aquinas was imprisoned in the castle for a while by his family to prevent him from turning to his spiritual profession. The chapel of S. Croce with a completely unadorned interior stands near the round tower in the castle area, which is made accessible by modern wooden walkways. The entire complex still shows the former importance of the castle as a key fortress for the western Liri valley, which can be easily understood with a wide panoramic view of the entire lower level.
  • The lower third of Roccasecca with the appropriate name Valle contains the baroque and later houses and public buildings in a regular arrangement. It was created because a large part of the inhabitants moved from the mountain to the area of ​​the Melfa River for a better water supply. To the left of the main church stands the large Palazzo Boncompagni-Ludovisi with twelve axes, which the Dukes of Sora had completed in 1750. The building, which was restored in 2000, has a fairly simple facade with several entrances, including a round arched portal above which a long inscription plaque was embedded in the wall, which is a thanksgiving of the Bishop of Aquino, Giacinto Sardo, from 1755 to Duke Gaetano Boncompagni, there this bishop's palace and diocesan seminary was built. The other floors contain simple rectangular windows and small, keyhole-shaped windows at the top.
  • To the right of the palace rises the handsome parish church of S. Margherita. The façade consists of a raised central part and two lateral parts, the left of which contains a rectangular portal with a triangular gable, while the right merges into the bell tower. In the large central part there is the high portal with round gable and an upper window with a richly framed. The top is the gable in a slight serliana shape. The magnificent three-aisled interior includes round-arched pillars, projecting cornices and barrel vaults with belt arches and stitch caps as well as the handsome dome, which is painted with modern frescoes. The altars in the side chapels and the transept arms partly excel in detail, including an elaborate specimen with a painting of the Adoration of the Three Wise Men. In the main altar on the apse round wall, a glass counter encloses the beautiful wooden statue of the Madonna with the baby Jesus.
  • The church of S. Vito al Melfa is located on the Melfa River, near a bridge on Via Latina . In 1175 she gave it to Pope Alexander III. (1159–1181) to Bishop Rainaldo of Aquino. The simple facade consists of lower Roman spoiler stones and a rectangular portal with a wide round arch composed of reused architectural elements. In the interior there are other Roman stones, including a statue torso and the rest of a fluted column. Beyond Provincial Road 7, you can reach a second hermit sanctuary, the Eremo dello Spirito Santo, over the gorge of the river on an arduous path. It is more irregular in shape than its counterpart in Caprile and contains only modern statues in the irregularly worked interior. However, a holy water font with engraved decorations shows the Latin number ML, which indicates the year 1050.
  • On the provincial road 109 to the northern neighboring town of Roccaseccas, Colle San Magno, is the restored church of S. Francesco with a cloister. The towering structure presents a facade in colossal order. This has wide pilasters on the side, a portal and a rectangular window above, both of which have special ornaments as a frame and gable. A painting by the Bolognese painter Iacopo Alessandro Calvi from 1784 should be mentioned in the interior.

politics

Giuseppe Sacco has been mayor since June 5, 2016.

Sons and daughters of the place

Events

A music festival is held every year in late August in honor of Severino Gazzelloni.

literature

  • Dario Ascolano: Roccasecca, terra di S. Tommaso , 2nd edition, Cassino 1979.
  • That. (Ed.): Storia di Roccasecca , Roccasecca 1988.
  • Michelangelo Cagiano de Azevedo: La chiesetta di S. Tommaso presso il castello di Roccasecca , in: Palladio 13, 1963, pp. 32-34.
  • Marie-Dominique Chenu: Thomas Aquinas. With personal testimonials and picture documents , Reinbek 6th edition 1992.
  • Costantino Jadecola: Roccasecca-Sora. I cento anni di una ferrovia , Rome 1992.
  • Lydia Maidl - Otto Hermann Pesch: Thomas von Aquin , Freiburg im Breisgau 1994.
  • Pasquale Poro: Tommaso d'Aquino. un profilo storico-filosofico , Rome 2012 ISBN 978-88-430-6534-9 .
  • Corradini, Ferdinando: Appunti di viabilità nell'ex ducato di Sora. Viabilità in agro di Castrocielo, Roccasecca, Colfelice, Arce e Fontana Liri , in: Quaderni coldragonesi 4, 2013, pp. 59–68.
  • Carlo Molle: L'iscrizione della cosiddetta Casa di San Tommaso a Roccasecca , in: Latium 25, 2008, pp. 171–179.
  • Gian-Luca Petrucci - Maurizio Benedetti: Severino Gazzelloni. Il flauto del Novecento , Naples 1993.
  • Willy Pocino: Roccasecca patria di San Tommaso d'Aquino. Documentazione storico-bibliografica , Rome 1974.
  • Fernando Riccardi: Roccasecca. Immagini e ricordi , Roccasecca 1997.
  • S. Tommaso d'Aquino. La nascita a Roccasecca, la sublime santità, devozioni, inni e lodi , Sant 'Elia Fiumerapido (Frosinone) 1970.
  • Alessandra Vaccarone: Riflessi d'un flauto d'oro. Severino Gazzelloni e la letteratura flautistica contemporanea 1952–1980 , Riverberi Sonori 2002.

swell

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.

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