Winklarn (Upper Palatinate)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 26 '  N , 12 ° 29'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Palatinate
County :	Schwandorf
Management Community :	Oberviechtach
Height :	516 m above sea level NHN
Area :	33.72 km 2
Residents:	1375 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	41 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	92559
Area code :	09676
License plate :	SAD, BUL , NAB , NEN, OVI, ROD
Community key :	09 3 76 178
Market structure:	20 districts
Association administration address:	Bezirksamtstr. 5 92526 Oberviechtach
Website :	www.vg-oberviechtach.de
Mayoress :	Sonja Meier
Location of the Winklarn market in the Schwandorf district

Winklarn (2013)

Winklarn is a market in the Upper Palatinate district of Schwandorf and a member of the Oberviechtach administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

Winklarn is located in the Upper Palatinate North region .

In the north of the Winklarn market, there is a large forest area as far as Schönsee and Weiding (Schwandorf district) , which was formerly owned by the Frauenstein lordship. The highest point is the Signalberg (887 m). The ruins of Frauenstein Castle (Weiding) are located on the Frauenstein (at an altitude of 835 m).

Community structure

The municipality of Winklarn consists of the main town and the following 19 districts:

Aschahof Ash mill Buchhof Fischerhof Forsthof Hague Hazel pond

Hundhagermühl Krapflhof Muschenried Obereppenried Pondorf Disc house

Schneeberg Trad Untereppenried Wastlhof Wind throat Zen stuff

The former places Steinschleife , Wellenthal and Ziegelhütte were all in the forest between Untereppenried and Hohenthal . They were replaced by the state and razed to the ground because a reservoir was to be built there. However, this was not realized because in 1975 with the Eixendorfer See a much more powerful lake was built. There are the districts Muschenried, Haag, Pondorf, Zengeröd, Schneeberg, Ober- and Untereppenried and Winklarn.

history

Until the 18th century

The first documentary mention as "Winchlorn" comes from the year 1270. The place was in Nordgau (Bavaria) . The Winklarn market was the seat of a closed Hofmark , which belonged to the district court of Neunburg vorm Wald until the 19th century .

In 1527 Hans Fuchs received from the influential Franconian aristocratic family the Fuchs von Wallburg Winklarn in inheritance as a fiefdom from Emperor Karl V. The noble family of the Fuchs had a castle built in Winklarn, which was the judicial and administrative center for the heirs until the 19th century Winklarn, Reichenstein-Schönsee and the Hofmark Frauenstein was. Since 1555 ( Augsburg Imperial and Religious Peace ), the residents of Winklarn were followers of the doctrine of the reformer Martin Luther and were Evangelical Lutheran for three generations.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and the re-Catholicization in Bavaria, the property of Hans Friedrich Fuchs , a descendant of the Fuchs von Wallburg family, was expropriated in 1634 when he was not ready to convert to the Roman Catholic faith and to be publicly baptized to let. His daughter Eva Johanna married Hans Wilhelm Freiherr von Aufseß zu Wüstenstein. As a result, Winklarn belonged to the von Aufseß family until Carl Siegmund Graf and Herr von Aufseß sold the Hofmark to Johann Friedrich Graf Lanthieri in 1732. In 1742 it went to the ambassador and minister of the Electoral Palatinate, Johann Bernhard von Francken (1668–1746).

19th and 20th centuries

Karl Wilhelm von Eckart acquired the property from the Counts of Schönreuth in 1803 during the secularization of Bavaria . A large part of the forest area around the Frauenstein belonged, together with Bertoldsheim Castle, to descendants of the Du Moulin-Eckart family , who in the male line can be traced back to the French General Charles Dumoulin .

In 1818 today's political municipality was established. In 1822 the entire town center of Winklarn was destroyed by a major fire. During the reconstruction, the large rectangular, 134 m long and 26 m wide market square was created. The Gräfl. von Eckart's lordship court existed from 1814 to 1840. In the revolutionary year of 1848 , the remnants of aristocratic jurisdiction in the Kingdom of Bavaria were also repealed in Winklarn .

Incorporations

In 1945 or 1946 part of the dissolved community of Nunzenried was incorporated. On January 1, 1972, the former municipalities Muschenried, Haag, Schneeberg and Pondorf were incorporated.

Religions

The Reformation with the Evangelical Lutheran creed of the reformer Martin Luther was probably already known in Winklarn as in the rest of the Upper Palatinate from 1520 and in 1555 through the Augsburg Imperial and Religious Peace , which the Bavarian Elector Ottheinrich von Pfalz-Neuburg had joined Winklarn accepted. In 1628, during the Thirty Years' War, the re-Catholicization of the population began. The ruler Hans Friedrich Fuchs first emigrated to Regensburg and later to Nuremberg.

In 1635 the plague in Winklarn claimed 229 lives within a few days and St. Sebastian was called for help. After the plague epidemic subsided, there was a day of remembrance for this patron saint. After a festive Sunday service, a decorated statue of Sebastian is carried in procession across the market square in Winklarn.

Winklarn is almost exclusively Roman Catholic today. In 2002 the Winklarn-Thanstein pastoral care unit was created from the previous parishes in Winklarn and Thanstein. Evangelical Lutheran believers are assigned to the Oberviechtach parish.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018, the population decreased from 1,443 to 1,403 by 40 inhabitants or 2.8%.

year	1970	1987	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	1530	1417	1472	1484	1454	1466	1437	1417

politics

Municipal council

After the municipal council election on March 16, 2014 with a turnout of 84.6%, the municipal council is composed as follows:

Party / list	Share of votes	Seats
CSU / non-party voter community	42.1%	5
Muschenried voter group	24.2%	3
Schneeberg voter group	22.7%	3
Voting group Hague	11.0%	1

mayor

Mayor Hans Thammer directed the fortunes of the market from 1954 to 1990. During the tenure of his successor Johann (Hans) Sailer, the water supply systems in the market area were renovated and partly rebuilt, and the sewage treatment plants in Muschenried and Schneeberg were built. Sonja Meier has been the mayor since May 2014.

coat of arms

Blazon: “Split by red and silver; in front a silver zigzag bar, behind a red fox breaking out of the gap, holding an upright black square measure in its paws; A green shamrock floats underneath. ” Andreas Georg von Murach awarded this coat of arms to the Winklarn market in 1577. It combines symbols of the two noble families of Murach and Fuchs von Wallburg, who owned Winklarn in the 16th century. The square and clover leaf were probably used as place symbols as early as the 14th century. The shamrock often appeared in old village seals as a rural symbol. The angle measure was associated with the place name Winklarn.

Town twinning

Since 1974 there has been a partnership with the municipality of the same name in Winklarn in Lower Austria ( Amstetten district ), which expresses itself in mutual visits, participation in festivals and many personal contacts.

Culture and sights

Local festivals take place in Winklarn every five years. At Heimatfest 2011, the 90th anniversary of the Landsmannschaft Winklarn / Munich, the 75th anniversary of the Landsmannschaft Winklarn / Nuremberg and the 80th anniversary of the Kunschir Winklarn brass band were celebrated.

As part of a teaching project at the Winklarn elementary school , the book Corridor and small monuments in the area of ​​the market town of Winklarn - An inventory with hiking guide was published in 2004 .

At the end of Muschenried in the direction of Kulz there is a memorial that commemorates the 333 concentration camp victims who were buried there in April 1945 and reburied in the Flossenbürg concentration camp cemetery of honor in 1958 .

See also : List of architectural monuments in Winklarn

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

According to official statistics, there were no employees at the place of work in the field of agriculture and forestry, 176 in the manufacturing sector and 39 in the trade, transport and hospitality sector. In other economic areas, 25 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 512 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was one in the manufacturing sector and six in the construction sector. In 2010 there were 60 farms with an agricultural area totaling 1516 ha, of which 831 ha were arable land and 681 ha were meadows and pastures.

One of the most important companies in Winklarn is the Huber / Rappl quarry, which is located directly on the southwestern outskirts of Winklarn.

traffic

Winklarn is located directly on the B 22 ( Ostmarkstraße ) and is connected to the trunk road network via this. The distance to the next motorway junctions of the A 6 (Leuchtenberg) and A 93 (Nabburg) is approx. 30 km each.

Until 1974, the train station in Winklarn on the southern outskirts of Schneeberg was connected to the Nabburg - Schönsee railway line in local passenger transport. After the dismantling of the former railway line at the end of the 1980s, there is a cycle and hiking path there. The next train stations are in Cham and Nabburg , approx. 30 km away .

education

Until 1968 the elementary school in Winklarn was housed in today's town hall. As part of a school law reform, the previous elementary schools in Schneeberg and Muschenried , Haag , Irlach and Pondorf were incorporated into the Winklarn elementary school from the 1969 school year . Classes take place in the newly built building on Schulstrasse. The children in grades 5 and 9 from the communities Heinrichskirchen , Kulz and Thanstein are also taught there.

In 1976 a kindergarten was established in Winklarn. He is visited by the children of the communities Winklarn and Thanstein .

There are the following institutions (as of 2015):

• A kindergarten with 84 kindergarten places and 75 children
• An elementary school with six teachers and 95 students.

In 2005 the Winklarn primary school merged with the Thanstein primary school. However, both school locations were retained. After individual secondary school classes had been relocated to Oberviechtach since the beginning of the 1990s due to the low number of pupils , the secondary school in Winklarn was dissolved in the course of a further school law reform since the 2006/07 school year . In the 2006/07 school year, a sixth grade was taught in Winklarn. Since then, the pupils of the secondary school in Markt Winklarn have been receiving lessons in the secondary school in Oberviechtach.

Personalities

Honorary citizens of the market are:

• Episcopal clerical councilor Josef Preßl (since September 1, 1995), who was pastor of Winklarn and Muschenried from 1970 to 2002.
• Former Mayor Hans Thammer (1927–2003; since September 15, 1997)
• Josef Spichtinger (1926–1996), local politician

Other personalities associated with Winklarn:

• Thomas Fuchs von Wallburg († December 2, 1526) Imperial Governor in Regensburg, acquired extensive estates in the Upper Palatinate, among others, Winklarn
• Hans Fuchs von Wallburg († 1553), landlord of Winklarn, imperial governor in Regensburg and carer in Cham
• Andreas Georg von Murach († June 1585), landlord of Winklarn and Land Marshal of the Upper Palatinate
• Hans Friedrich Fuchs (born October 9, 1596 - † June 8, 1641 in Nuremberg), landowner of Winklarn
• Karl Leon Du Moulin-Eckart (born January 11, 1900 in Munich, † March 31, 1991 in Oberviechtach)
• Michel Wagner (born December 20, 1893 in Muschenried, † December 3, 1965 in Munich), visual artist
• Katharina Gierlach (* 1983 in Würzburg) grew up in Winklarn, painter

In Winklarn, next to the church, there is the castle of the Du Moulin-Eckart family, which is surrounded by a small forest that characterizes the eastern view of Winklarn. Katharina Eugenie, the only daughter of the then ruler of Eckart, married the French General Du Moulin in 1806 as part of a film-like affair (with considerable diplomatic turmoil between Bavaria and Napoleonic France), and the family name Du Moulin-Eckart was born. Until 1918, the Du Moulin-Eckart family had a say in the election of a pastor in Winklarn by the diocese of Regensburg and until 2008 also owned the castle in Bertoldsheim .

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  Winklarn Market (2010)

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  Castle, parish church St. Andreas (2013)

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  Nature around Winklarn

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  "Calvary"

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  Marketplace (2009)

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  Muschenried (2013)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=[phone]/202226&attr=OBJ&val= 1074
3. ^ Thomas Barth: Diplomacy and rural society in the 18th century. In: Negotiations of the historical association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg. Volume 143, Regensburg 2003, pp. 244-246; (Article as PDF document)
4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 545 .
5. ↑ http://www.wahlen.bayern.de/kommunalwahlen/
6. ↑ Heribert Batzl: History of the Winklarn market and the surrounding towns. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. / Munich 1970, p. 93.
7. ↑ Klemens Stadler: Coat of arms of the district and the communities. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. / Munich 1970, p. 158.
8. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 198

literature

• Emma Mages: Oberviechtach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Old Bavaria . Series I, issue 61. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7696-9693-X ( digitized version ).
• Karl-Otto Ambronn: Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Part of Old Bavaria , Series II, Book 3, Landsassen and Landsassengüter of the Principality of the Upper Palatinate in the 16th century, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7696-9932-7 .
• Georg Hager: The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Regensburg . Volume II, individual volume 7: District Office Oberviechtach . Munich 1906, reprint ISBN 3-486-50437-1 .
• Schöberl, Matthias: From the Palatinate State to the Bavarian State. Sovereign penetration and religious policy of the Palatinate and Bavarian rule in the Upper Palatinate from 1595 to 1648 . Dissertation, University of Regensburg 2006 ( full text ; PDF; 2.2 MB).
• Winderl, Binder, Mösbauer, carefree: field and small monuments in the area of ​​the market town of Winklarn - an inventory with hiking guide. Published by the market community and the Winklarn elementary school, Winklarn 2004.

Web links

Commons : Winklarn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on the coat of arms of Winklarn (Upper Palatinate)  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Winklarn (Upper Palatinate): Official statistics of the LfStat