Vysschaya League (Soviet Union)

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Vysschaja Liga
Высшая лига
Logo of the Vysschaya LeagueTemplate: Infobox football competition / maintenance / logo format
Full name Tschempionat SSSR po futbolu
Чемпионат СССР по футболу
abbreviation WL
Association Federazija futbola SSSR
First edition May 22, 1936
hierarchy 1st League
Teams 16
master CSKA Moscow (1991)
Record champions Dynamo Kiev (13)
Record scorer Oleg Blochin (211)
Qualification for European Champion
Clubs' Cup UEFA Cup

The Wysschaja Liga ( Russian Высшая лига ; German about Supreme League ) was the top division of football in the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1991 . During its existence, it was considered one of the best and most important football leagues in the world and in the 1988/1989 season it took second place in the UEFA five-year ranking . The league, which was first played in 1936, was dissolved in 1991 when the Soviet Union finally fell apart. The successor to the Soviet league has since been the national leagues of the successor states, of which, according to UEFA, the Russian Premier League is the main successor.

history

Even before the league was founded, there were numerous football competitions on the territory of the Soviet Union. The professional Soviet football league was not founded until 1936, initially under the name "Gruppa A". Since 1970 the name "Wysschaja Liga" was in use. The first champions of the league were Dynamo Moscow . Teams from the Russian Soviet Republic were represented in the league above average from the start, until 1960 the Moscow clubs FK Dynamo Moscow , CSKA Moscow and Spartak Moscow always made the championship title among themselves. Dynamo Kiev was the first non-Russian club to win the championship in 1961.

From the 1960s onwards, numerous other clubs managed to break through the dominance of the three big capital city clubs and now regularly play for the championship. In addition to Dynamo Kiev, this was in particular Dinamo Tbilisi , which could only win a title in 1964 and 1978, but still played consistently as a top team in the league above. Also Torpedo Moscow could win multiple titles, as well as Ararat Yerevan that in the 1973 season became the second team from the Caucasus a title. In the 1980s, Ukrainian teams were particularly successful, with Kiev becoming Soviet champions four times between 1980 and 1990, and Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk twice. Also Zenit Leningrad was the champion of Leningrad, today's the first time in 1984 St. Petersburg pick. Also compare the list of Soviet football champions .

From 1989, the Soviet Union openly showed major signs of disintegration. Lithuania and Georgia were the first republics to declare their independence, so that from the 1990 season onwards no Lithuanian or Georgian clubs competed in the Vysschaya League. In 1991 the Soviet Union, and with it the Soviet Football League, was dissolved. The last champion was Spartak Moscow.

Dynamo Kiev, Dinamo Tbilisi and Dynamo Moscow also reached the final of a European football competition during the existence of the league. The league's record goalscorer was Oleg Blochin , who scored a total of 211 goals. He was followed by Alexander Ponomarjow (148 goals), Sergei Solowjow (146), Nikita Simonjan (142), Grigori Fedotow (132), Awtandil Gogoberidze (129) and Eduard Markarow (also 129).

The now independent, former Soviet republics soon all founded their own national football leagues. With the CIS Cup , a cross-border competition for the clubs of the former Soviet Union has existed since 1993. However, interest in this competition has declined significantly in recent years.

Name of the league

Over time, the highest Soviet football league has been renamed several times and has undergone several restructuring.

  • 1936–1941: Group A (Группа А)
  • 1945–1949: Perwaja gruppa SSSR (Первая группа СССР)
  • 1950–1962: Class "A" SSSR (Класс "А" СССР)
  • 1963–1969: Pervaya gruppa "A" (Первая группа "А" СССР)
  • From 1970: Wysschaja Liga (Высшая лига)

societies

With the exception of the Kyrgyz SSR and the Turkmen SSR , all Soviet republics were represented at least one or more seasons with a club in the Vysschaya League. For a detailed list of all Soviet football champions, see also List of Soviet football champions .

Title by club

Eternal table

The game was played according to the two-point rule . The Eternal Table of the Wysschaya League is composed as follows:

team republic Playing
times		 First
season		 Last
season		 Games G U V Goals
scored		 counter
strike		 Points
Spartak Moscow RUS 53 1936 1991 1453 722 385 346 2483 1467 1821
Dynamo Kiev UKR 54 1936 1991 1483 681 456 346 2306 1566 1810
FK Dynamo Moscow RUS 54 1936 1991 1485 707 404 374 2435 1457 1805
Dinamo Tbilisi GEO 51 1936 1989 1424 621 406 397 2176 1677 1642
Torpedo Moscow RUS 51 1938 1991 1455 601 433 421 2059 1656 1613
CSKA Moscow RUS 48 1936 1991 1326 585 363 378 2030 1451 1524
Zenith Leningrad RUS 49 1938 1989 1402 464 411 527 1725 1914 1328
Shakhtar Donetsk UKR 44 1938 1991 1288 434 379 475 1522 1641 1241
FC Ararat Yerevan POOR 33 1949 1991 1026 352 280 394 1150 1306 972
Dinamo Minsk BLR 33 1945 1991 985 327 300 358 1109 1202 940
Moscow locomotive RUS 38 1936 1991 1001 303 289 409 1218 1431 888
Neftschi Baku AZE 27 1949 1988 884 253 270 361 907 1141 771
Chernomorets Odessa UKR 26th 1938 1991 789 260 230 299 841 986 744
Kairat Alma-Ata KAZ 24 1960 1988 780 226 234 320 742 983 678
Pachtakor Tashkent UZB 22nd 1960 1991 722 212 211 299 805 1035 629
FK SKA Rostov RUS 21st 1959 1985 680 218 194 268 843 911 620
Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk UKR 19th 1972 1991 554 227 154 173 729 634 604
Krylya Sovetov Samara RUS 26th 1946 1979 715 185 209 321 675 996 579
Metalist Kharkov UKR 18th 1949 1991 552 167 147 238 525 706 480
Zarya Voroshilovgrad UKR 14th 1967 1979 412 125 135 152 416 469 377
Dynamo Leningrad RUS 17th 1936 1963 397 135 102 160 589 649 372
Torpedo Kutaisi GEO 13 1962 1986 439 104 129 206 395 655 335
Žalgiris Vilnius LIT 11 1953 1989 330 107 93 130 349 463 305
Rotor Volgograd RUS 11 1938 1990 293 91 66 136 352 488 248
Nistru Kishinev MLD 11 1956 1983 312 69 84 159 312 534 222
Karpaty Lvov UKR 9 1971 1980 244 68 85 91 250 301 218
WWS Moscow RUS 6th 1947 1952 161 58 32 71 235 270 148
FK Daugava Riga LAT 7th 1949 1962 203 51 48 104 198 311 150
Krylya Sovetov Moscow RUS 6th 1938 1948 143 32 39 72 145 259 103
Metallurg Moscow RUS 4th 1937 1940 91 40 17th 34 173 170 97
Kuban Krasnodar RUS 3 1980 1982 102 29 26th 47 111 145 84
Belarus Minsk BLR 3 1960 1962 92 30th 21st 41 95 124 81
Admiralteyets Leningrad RUS 3 1958 1961 84 26th 17th 41 122 149 69
Pamir Dushanbe TJK 3 1989 1991 84 21st 27 36 74 104 69
Electrics Leningrad RUS 5 1936 1939 80 22nd 18th 40 112 163 62
Fakel Voronezh RUS 2 1961 1985 66 20th 17th 29 63 83 57
Trudovye Reservy Leningrad RUS 3 1954 1956 68 16 23 29 82 113 55
Volga Gorky RUS 3 1951 1964 85 14th 27 44 58 143 55
Spartak Tbilisi GEO 2 1950 1951 64 21st 11 32 82 109 53
Spartak Minsk BLR 3 1954 1957 68 15th 19th 34 53 95 49
Spartak Ordzhonikidze RUS 2 1970 1991 62 16 16 30th 64 89 48
SKA Odessa UKR 2 1965 1966 68 4th 19th 45 38 121 27
Metalurg Zaporozhye UKR 1 1991 1991 30th 9 7th 14th 27 38 25th
WMS Moscow RUS 1 1951 1951 28 7th 9 12 30th 50 23
Tavriya Simferopol UKR 1 1981 1981 34 8th 7th 19th 27 54 23
Selmash Kharkov UKR 1 1938 1938 25th 8th 6th 11 34 45 22nd
Uralmash Sverdlovsk RUS 1 1969 1969 34 7th 8th 19th 19th 39 22nd
Stalinez Moscow RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 8th 5 12 36 44 21st
Kiev locomotive UKR 1 1938 1938 25th 8th 5 12 43 64 21st
Shinnik Yaroslavl RUS 1 1964 1964 32 6th 9 17th 20th 48 21st
Dynamo Rostov RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 7th 6th 12 39 43 20th
Temp Baku AZE 1 1938 1938 25th 6th 8th 11 33 40 20th
Spartak Leningrad RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 6th 8th 11 30th 39 20th
JK Tallinna Kalev EST 2 1960 1961 58 3 14th 41 46 146 20th
Dynamo Kirovabad AZE 1 1968 1968 38 5 9 24 25th 59 19th
Guria Lanchuti GEO 1 1987 1987 30th 5 8th 17th 18th 38 18th
Spartak Kharkov UKR 1 1938 1938 25th 5 7th 13 43 63 17th
Zenit (Bolshevik) Leningrad RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 7th 3 15th 35 57 17th
ODO Sverdlovsk RUS 1 1956 1956 22nd 6th 4th 12 31 45 16
Pishchevik Moscow RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 5 6th 14th 25th 53 16
Locomotive Tbilisi GEO 1 1938 1938 25th 5 5 15th 44 62 15th
Volga Kalinin RUS 1 1952 1952 13 5 4th 4th 19th 19th 14th
Burewestnik Moscow RUS 1 1938 1938 25th 4th 4th 17th 28 87 12

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the 2-point rule. In 1973 a draw was followed by a penalty shoot-out, only the winner received a point. From 1978 to 1988, the number of draws a team could score points for was limited
  2. ↑ Also as ZDKA Moscow , ZDSA Moscow and ZSK MO Moscow , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  3. ↑ Also as Stalinez Leningrad , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  4. ^ Also as Stachanowez Stalino , see club history ( Memento from September 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  5. ↑ Also as Dynamo Yerevan and Spartak Yerevan , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  6. ^ Also as Neftjanik Baku , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  7. ↑ Also as Dynamo Odessa , see club history ( Memento from September 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  8. ↑ Also as SKWO Rostow , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  9. ↑ Also as Zenit Kuibyshev , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  10. ↑ Also as Lokomotiv Charkow and Awangard Charkow , see club history ( Memento from September 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  11. ↑ Also as Spartak Vilnius , see club history ( memento from December 25, 2007 in the internet archive ) at KLISF
  12. ↑ Also as Tractor Stalingrad and Torpedo Stalingrad , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  13. ^ Also as Burewestnik Kishinev and Moldova Kishinev , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  14. ↑ WWS stands for Vojenno-vosduschnyje sily , air force
  15. ^ Also as Krasnaja Sarja Leningrad , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  16. ↑ Also as Trud Voronezh , see club history ( memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  17. ↑ Also as Torpedo Gorki , see club history ( Memento from December 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) at KLISF
  18. ↑ City selection, Russian gorodskaja komanda