Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl

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Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl
Coat of arms of Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl
Coordinates: 48 ° 6 ′ 4 "  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 53"  E
Height : 212 m
Area : 5.73 km²
Residents : 920  (Dec. 31, 2012)
Population density : 161 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 79235
Area code : 07662
map
Location of Burkheim in the town of Vogtsburg am Kaiserstuhl
Aerial view of Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl
Aerial view of Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl

Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl (formerly: Burkheim am Rhein ) is a sub-municipality of the city of Vogtsburg in the Kaiserstuhl and is located on the western edge of the Kaiserstuhl . Burkheim is best known for its historic old town and its wine. Until the municipal reform on January 1, 1975, Burkheim had its own town charter . This was transferred to the new Vogtsburg community.

geography

The old town of Burkheim and the castle are located on the Humberg, a hill that preceded the Kaiserstuhl massif. The district area of ​​Burkheim amounts to a total of 573 ha and is divided into 232 ha of fruit and arable farming, 184 ha of forest and 157 ha of vines. The Schlossberg in the north-west and the Feuerberg in the north are mainly used for viticulture . Further vineyards are located in the flatter area to the east in the direction of Bischoffingen and Oberrotweil . The south of the city runs out towards Breisach in the Rhine plain . These areas are used agriculturally for fruit and arable farming.

To the west of Burkheim is the Rheinwald. Before that, a flood dam stretches along the entire route from Breisach to the Jechtingen district . Numerous oxbow lakes and floodplains run through the forest, where the Rappennestgießen nature reserve is also located. Furthermore, there are the sports facilities of SV Burkheim, the sewage treatment plant of the city of Vogtsburg and a gravel plant with an associated quarry. A cultural weir divides the Rhine into the Old Rhine and the large navigable Alsatian Rhine canal . The 291 meter high Haberberg is located between Burkheim and Jechtingen. The Burkheimer Baggersee on the Old Rhine is 182 m. ü. M. the lowest point of the whole district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald .

The Burkheim district borders on those of Breisach , Jechtingen , Bischoffingen and Oberrotweil . On the Alsatian side, the municipalities of Baltzenheim and Kunheim border.

history

Early history and the Middle Ages

The first settlement on the Burkheimer Schlossberg is dated to approx. 2000 BC. Dated. The archaeological finds from the Urnfield period between 1200 and 800 BC are numerous . BC, which were uncovered in 1984. Why and when this settlement was abandoned is not known.

In the 3rd century AD, the areas on the right bank of the Rhine were conquered and occupied by the Alemanni as a result of the Limes Falls , and the Rhine became the border of the Roman Empire . After the Franks had ousted the Alemanni in the 4th century at the latest through their victory in the Battle of Zülpich behind Lauter and Murg , numerous Franconian settlements emerged on the Upper Rhine . The syllable "-heim" in the place name is of Franconian origin and refers to a Merovingian settlement that was probably built around 700. One of the reasons for the settlement was probably the location on the Rhine and the resulting connections to the old Franconian tribal area. In addition, due to its location on the mountain arch from Humberg, Mondhalde and Totenkopf , the place was protected from north and east winds.

On March 13, 762, the place was mentioned for the first time as Burchheim in a will from Bishop Heddo of Strasbourg , who gave an estate on site to the Ettenheimmünster monastery . Viticulture is first mentioned in the Lorsch Codex on June 24th, 778 when a Heibo was donated to the Lorsch Monastery . In the 9th century there was already a Petrikirche on site.

In 952, the place went as part of the royal court of Riegel to the monastery Einsiedeln (Switzerland) after Otto I had taken it from Guntram the rich for high treason. The distant monastery had the properties administered by umbrella bailiffs , including Dietrich von Rimsingen as the first , the first to be handed down from Üsenberger . As a result of the division of the chamber property in Riegel, ownership changed to the Lords of Hachberg around 1150 . Heinrich I von Hachberg bequeathed donations in castro Burcheim in 1231 to the Tennenbach monastery . Although his ancestors had expanded the castle, it was not designed for a longer stay. Also in the first half of the 12th century there was a local nobility, until the early 15th century, several times as of Burgheim or de Burchaim is mentioned and as Ministeriale the Zähringer worked. Heinrich IV. Temporarily pledged the town and castle to his father-in-law Burkhart III. von Üsenberg in order to be able to pay his debts to a Jew from Breisach.

The communities of Burkheim, Jechtingen, Ober- and Niederrotweil, Oberbergen and Vogtsburg were probably merged under the Hachbergers to form the Burkheim rule . The city charter was presumably granted during this time, but it can no longer be precisely dated due to the fact that the relevant document cannot be found. However, it must have happened before 1348. This was justified by Burkheim's role as one of 44 customs posts on the Rhine , which the castle had been able to control there for a long time.

In 1330, the Habsburg Duke Otto IV of Austria acquired the city of Burkheim from the Hachbergers Rudolf II and Otto I. together with their remaining possessions on the western Kaiserstuhl. In the period that followed, under Habsburg rule, Burkheim was lent several times to various pledges from Switzerland , Alsace and Breisgau . The property associated with the rulership was not particularly extensive and in 1548 only consisted of two Jauchert Acker (today: Schlossgarten), a meadow next to the Rhine and one in the Rotweiler Bann, the Herrenwald and a vineyard. This could explain why Berthold von Staufen, together with his fellow pawnbrokers Hans and Lützelmann von Rathsamhausen, relieved a ship from Basel for 4.5 tons of herrings around 1427 when it was lying on the Rhine in Burkheim due to ice drift .

On Christmas Day 1347, Emperor Charles IV stayed in Burkheim when it was under the pledge of Eppo von Hattstatt . In the following year, the emperor transferred some privileges to the city, including jurisdiction for the pledgee, the right to operate a ferry (which, however, must have existed earlier), to collect a fee (50% received the rule) and the right to to be allowed to use their own seal . The latter continued into the 16th century and had only three towers instead of today's five. Their gables and towers were crowned with balls instead of today's flags. In 1472 the town of Sigmund of Austria received the market right for the weekly market every Saturday. 1479 came under Friedrich III. two annual markets added: to St. Ulrich (July 4th) and one to St. Gallus (October 16th). The rights mentioned were confirmed several times up to the 17th century, but not extended.

Before the former Habsburg Freiburg im Üechtland fell to the House of Savoy in 1452 , Thuringia II of Hallwyl received from Friedrich IV and Albrecht V. Burkheim and “rights to the river” as a fief . He had been very loyal to the Habsburgs and had lost his Lenzburg castle loan when Bern took over western Aargau in 1415 as a result of the Council of Constance . After his death, Burkheim fell back to Austria.

In 1454 Albrecht VI borrowed . from the city of Breisach 400 Rhenish guilders against Burkheim as pledge. In 1472 Breisach ceded the lien to the Counts of Tübingen . The relationship between the city and the pawnbroker had been shaped by several disputes for a long time, which could be settled in 1504 through an agreement with Konrad von Tübingen (1482-1510). This included, for example, regulations on granting citizenship, checking various craftsmen and weights, performing services for the city and pledgee, cursing and blaspheming as well as the corresponding penalties for violations. In addition, the contract stipulated that Burkheim had to provide ensign and captain for a troop of 24 men from the valley passage in times of war.

Burkheim was smaller than the rest of the rule and in 1475 had only 34 hearths.

In the German Peasants' War still the already dilapidated castle were significantly affected, according to Witt neither the city. Bernd Ottnad, however, is of the opinion that Burkheim was destroyed by Hans Ziler von Amoltern . In 1548 Christoph von Sternsee received from Ferdinand I. Burkheim as pledge for 10,000 guilders . During his reign, the Colmar poet Jörg Wickram (around 1505–1562) was appointed Burkheim city ​​clerk from 1554 .

Bloom time under Lazarus von Schwendi

Burkheim's economic and political heyday began with the rule of Lazarus von Schwendi (1522–1583). Schwendi received the rule of Burkheim and Talgang on August 12, 1560 from Emperor Ferdinand as pledge for 11,000 guilders. Already in 1561 the lands were transferred to him for life, from 1580 Burkheim was even allowed to remain with his family for 100 years without canceling. Furthermore, the dominions of Triberg in the Black Forest (1563) and Kirchhofen (Breisgau) were awarded to him (1572) and he was baron of Hohenlandsberg ( Alsace ) with the places Kientzheim , Kaysersberg and ten other villages. From 1561 to 1572 he had the destroyed castle converted into a renaissance castle for 13,100 guilders from his property and only then had the costs offset against the deposit. He acquired the municipal mill with its gardens, the brick yard, the bath room and the mill pond. For the last one he paid with two silver cups in addition to money. Schwendi ordered a fairer labor order and set up a fund to establish a school. as well as a hospital with the premises. Schwendi also regulated the reorganization of the Burkheim guilds . The already existing fishing guild received a new statute in 1564, and in 1571 it allowed the craftsmen as well as the farmers and rebels to form a guild. The statutes of the guilds are still in force today. Schwendi improved the fortification of the city and also increased its defensive power by the fact that every guild brother had to have weapons, ammunition and armor. By force of arms, he ensured that there were no quarrels and attacks on the part of the neighboring Sponeck Castle .

It is said that Schwendi brought seedlings of the Tokaj vine to the Kaiserstuhl and Alsace from his campaigns of conquest in Hungary . This cannot be scientifically proven, according to more recent findings this is rather unlikely. Against this is the fact that he owned a winery in Ungarisch-Neustadtl (today: Baia Mare , Romania ) and, in contrast to many fields and meadows, hardly acquired any vineyards for his rule. In the palace garden, Schwendi maintained an experimental garden in which he had new fruits from Italy grown and cultivation methods tested under the climatic conditions of the Kaiserstuhl.

The time after von Schwendi's death to modern times

Castle ruin

Some of Schwendi's regulations had severely restricted the Burkheimers in their rights, but did not lead to a revolt against the powerful pawnbroker. Shortly after his death, however, complaints about the circumcising regulations in matters such as confiscation , room rights, the delivery of tax wine, fishing and timber rights, hunting, the use of the city ditches and the marital apartment increased . Schwendis also criticized the tax exemption for his many goods and the resulting reduced city income. The disputes were largely settled with a settlement in 1584.

Von Schwendi's son Hans-Wilhelm was often in debt and therefore sold parts of the inherited property. The city soon granted civil rights more independently than before, including to poor people, some of whom were quite destitute, and poor servants who married bourgeois daughters. The city became impoverished, which prompted von Schwendi to give it new statutes on October 8, 1598. After that, only those who owned a certain amount of money in cash or in kind were granted citizenship. However, the city's situation deteriorated and crime increased. In 1613 two women ( seven according to other sources ) were burned for witchcraft on the Hexenplatz, which is still called this today .

Like many towns on the Upper Rhine, Burkheim was badly affected in the Thirty Years' War . Numerous residents had previously succumbed to the plague . The Swedes wanted to take Burkheim and Neuchâtel in order to cut off supplies across the Rhine to the imperial fortress of Breisach . On June 1, 1633 a siege was broken up by a failure of the Burkheimers. After most of the residents and the imperial garrison had gone to Breisach, the city was handed over to the Swedish general Otto Ludwig von Salm-Kyrburg-Mörchingen on June 24, 1633 without a fight . In autumn 1633 the imperial general Johann von Aldringen liberated Burkheim from Breisach. Both generals quartered troops in Burkheim, which led to deprivation on the part of the small remaining population. In 1638 the imperial general von Götz succeeded in supplying Breisach , besieged by Bernhard von Weimar , with food across the Rhine from Kenzingen. In order to be able to prevent this in the future, Bernhard took Burkheim. The French acquired land on the Upper Rhine in 1639 and Burkheim became Franco-Weimar.

Only three buildings and the castle survived the war, the fountains had been destroyed as well as the streets in which the paving stones had been torn out. Since 1633 no more baptisms, weddings and deaths have been entered in the church records , the pastoral service was performed from Jechtingen.

After the peace treaty of 1648 , the entire region was deserted and deserted. New residents came from Switzerland, Tyrol , Lorraine and Burgundy , most of which had been spared the war. A few family names such as Bercher, Jäger, Mäder, Klingenmeier, Scheiber, Liebenstein, Oberkirch, Baumann, Thoma, Trogus, Gschwender, Probst and Zwigart still bear witness to their origins. Pledger at this time was Helene Eleonore von Schwendi (1599–1667), who in 1609 had lost her father Hans-Wilhelm von Schwendi and her mother Clara von Raitenau within a few days and had argued with the Bavarian branch of the family over the rule of Hohenlandsberg . She died in 1665.

Detail of the church ceiling

During the Dutch War (1672–1679) the castle was destroyed by French troops, according to Pastor Balthasar Spindler in 1672 by Marshal de Luxembourg . According to Witt, he had the supreme command, but was not in Breisgau in 1672. The destruction of the castle was therefore inspired by the Breisach governor Rycour. What the ruins of the castle looked like at that time can still be seen today on the high altar picture of the St. Pancras Church. Ignaz Wilhelm Kasimir von der Leyen , the son of Eleonore and her second husband Philipp von der Leyen, shared the lien over Burkheim with his half-brother Franz Karl von Fürstenberg (1626–1682) since 1661. In 1686 von der Leyen asked the government of Upper Austria for support in the reconstruction of the castle, which would not have been the same as a completely new building because of the walls that were still standing. According to the cost estimate, the reconstruction would have been u. a. 40,000 bricks, 53 shafts of shingles, 860 pieces of lumber and 1,400 battens required.

When French dragoons moved into winter quarters in the city as part of the War of the Palatinate Succession in 1689 , they destroyed the remains of the castle, the city ​​wall and the city gate. Now the reconstruction was no longer worthwhile. The relationship between von Leyen and the city was marked by various disputes such as B. to the appointment of civil servants or the Herrenauwald. The Burkheimers threw the town clerk appointed by von Leyen, along with his family and furniture, out of the house. Because of the dispute over the Herrenwald, they killed the ducal hunter Hermann Ernst. Since the Burkheim residents had the impression that a new law was to be introduced after von Leyen had taken over the rule, the legend arose that a ghost called Neurecht was up in the castle .

The wife of Alexander Heinrich von Redwitz , a daughter of Leyens, was able to reunite the two parts of the pledge because Franz Karl had died childless. Charles VI redeemed the pledge and changed the rule in 1736/1737 for 37,000 guilders into a fiefdom for the Freiburg mayor Karl Heinrich Hornus von Bernkastel .

His heir, Klara Katharina, married Franz Ferdinand Mayer von Fahnenberg . In 1740, a comparison between the city and the von Fahnenberg family clarified the last existing differences between the two parties, both of which were deeply in debt. In the wake of this lack of money, the city had only rebuilt one of the three former city gates in 1712, which, however, had to be replaced in 1780. The construction of the upper floors of the destroyed town hall also began in 1712 and was completed in 1724. From 1720 the torn pavement of the streets as well as the also destroyed water pipe were repaired. The city sold several properties to finance this work and also gave up some untenable privileges. Meanwhile, the towns in the valley defended themselves against the supremacy of Burkheim, for example by wanting to found their own guilds instead of being forced to become members of the Burkheim guilds. Empress Maria Theresa admonished the towns to obey the Burkheimers.

After unsuccessful construction attempts, the castle grounds were converted into a vineyard in 1780/1781 by Aegid Freiherr Joseph-Karl von Fahnenberg . Since the reconstruction had failed due to the high costs, the Fahnenbergs relocated their headquarters to Oberrotweil. The importance of the small rule was lost, but Burkheim retained its town charter. This vineyard on volcanic rock was a novelty, as in earlier times vine cultures were mainly grown on loess-covered areas.

During the coalition wars, Burkheim provided citizen troops several times, but was mostly not financially rewarded for them. From 1797 to 1803 Burkheim passed briefly to the Duchy of Modena , then back to Austria and finally to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 with the Peace of Bratislava . The place was no longer the center of its own rule, but was added to the Breisach office and thus lost just as much importance as the Rhine ferry. From then on it was no longer used to transport goods with Alsace, but to transport wood from forests on the left bank of the Rhine. In 1820 their operations were then completely stopped.

The period between 1840 and 1850 brought the straightening of the Rhine by Johann Gottfried Tulla . While Burkheim has been shaped by the fishing industry for centuries due to its proximity to the Rhine and the numerous Rhine floodplains, its importance declined after the Rhine was straightened. The constant threat of floods after the snow melts are a thing of the past. The Fahrpost could now reach Breisach without the detour via Oberrotweil and Achkarren . But Burkheim was no longer on the Rhine, which had previously contributed to the importance of the place. The population grew from 598 inhabitants in 1818 to 711 in 1820 up to 844 inhabitants in 1846. Around 1843 the city consisted of 138 houses in which 156 families lived. Of the 746 inhabitants, all were Catholic, with the exception of one Protestant.

After the source of income from fishing had collapsed due to the decline in stocks as a result of the straightening of the Rhine, the inhabitants of Burkheim concentrated on agriculture and viticulture. Another source of income was initially Tulla's construction work. Nevertheless, many residents were forced to emigrate to Algeria in one wave immediately after 1840 , as well as in further waves around 1850, around 1890 and after the end of the First World War to the USA .

In 1901, Leopold Bastian, who has owned a winery in Endingen am Kaiserstuhl since 1868, acquired the castle and the associated vineyard from the Fahnenbergs after they had acquired ownership of it in 1861 ( allodification ). The descendants of Leopold Bastian are still owners today and rent out the castle for celebrations.

Burkheim in the 20th and 21st centuries

The Franco-German War of 1870/1871 and industrialization, including the connection to the Kaiserstuhlbahn , had no major effects on the city's history . Burkheim itself was largely spared from the First World War , but had 28 fallen residents to mourn. With the Treaty of Versailles , Burkheim lost the forest ownership on the left bank of the Rhine (40% of the total forest ownership) and valuable fishing waters, and with the inflation also the compensation it had received for this. In 1924, with the dissolution of the Breisach district office, Burkheim became part of the Freiburg district office, from which the Freiburg district was to emerge in 1939 . The population remained fairly constant between 1920 and 1939.

Due to the fact that the border with France was re-established , several bunkers were built from 1937 to fortify the west wall . During the Second World War , the population was evacuated three times (1939, 1940 and 1945). After 1945 the occupation and administration by French associations followed . After the war, between 1945 and 1949, Burkheimers received aid from the descendants of the US emigrants.

Many vineyards could not be cultivated and became overgrown, so that they had to be replanted after the war. A re- allocation , which had started in 1943, was continued and, together with the conversion to phylloxera- free vines, ensured that viticulture, together with the winegrowers' cooperative that was formed, once again became an important main source of income for Burkheim. In 1954, the Baden Wine Route was set up, the Kaiserstuhl route of which leads through Burkheim.

Burkheimer quarry pond with gravel works

The population was 775 in 1950. In 1960 a new school building was built. Soon afterwards, the quarrying of gravel began, from which the Burkheimer quarry pond would later emerge. The fine chippings from the plant were mainly sold to Belgium and the Netherlands via the Rhine in the 1970s.

In 1967 a partnership between Burkheim and Sigolsheim (Alsace) was concluded, which is still going on.

In the course of the district reform of Baden-Württemberg in 1973 , Burkheim was added to the newly created Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district. In 1975 Burkheim transferred its town charter to the newly formed Vogtsburg community as part of the community reform . Since then, Burkheim has been a sub-municipality of the city of Vogtsburg in the Kaiserstuhl, which has become the largest wine-growing municipality in all of Baden-Württemberg. Around 1980, Burkheim and Schelingen were also referred to as a rural commuting community , as both had an above-average proportion of commuters in the district.

In 2012 the primary school in Burkheim was closed. At the end of 2012 the place had 920 inhabitants.

Townscape

The townscape is characterized by the historic old town with the Rotweiler Tor and the town hall in the Renaissance style from 1604 (ground floor). Its entrance is adorned with the coats of arms of Front Austria (with imperial crown and chain of the Order of the Golden Fleece ), Lazarus von Schwendi and the former city of Burkheim. On the front there are also coats of arms of three patrician families who have made a name for themselves in the city. The townscape is complemented by restored town houses and half-timbered houses, narrow streets, cobblestones, draw wells and linden trees.

The best-known half-timbered house is the former inn to the five towers in the middle town. The castle courtyard and the castle ruins , the landmark of Burkheim, extend south-west of the central town . The upper part of the old town, the upper town, is also characterized by narrow streets and the Catholic parish church of St. Pankratius . To the north of the church are the cemetery and the neighboring former tithe barn , the facade of which has been preserved despite being converted into a residential building. The entire old town was surrounded by the city wall built by Schwendi, some of which is still visible. Originally Burkheim had three city gates, today only the city gate at the entrance to the middle town still exists. The other gates were to the north of the church (school gate, documented in 1972), at the western end of the old town below the castle courtyard and at the eastern end of the fishing district (Rheintor). The fishing district, the lower town formerly known as water soup , is located outside the city walls and extends south of the old town along the city wall. The entire old town as well as the city walls and the castle ruins are under monument protection .

  • City gate at the entrance to the Mittelstadt

  • town hall

  • House to the five towers with city wall (right)

  • Parish Church of
    St. Pankratius

The area east of the city gate, outside the city wall, was not built on until the 18th and 19th centuries when it became too narrow inside the walls. The areas to the west and south-west of the old town could not be settled before the straightening of the Rhine, as they were criss-crossed with innumerable branches of the Old Rhine. Some of these bordered directly on the lower-lying fishing district. After the Rhine had been straightened out, the former floodplain near the old town was used for agriculture. Only after the Second World War were further areas in the south, south-east and south-west opened up. The new development areas Krutenau and Mitteland / Ayle were not developed and developed until the mid-1970s.

Culture

In 1971, Helmut Witt referred to Burkheim as Rothenburg in Baden . As in the Franconian city, there are weekly night watch tours through the historic city center in Burkheim .

Other regular events are the Vogtsburg Artists' Days, the Burkheim Wine Days or the three-day Vogtsburg Christmas Market. The latter had over 15,000 visitors in 2012. There are also 20 associations in Burkheim, including the guilds mentioned.

The Kaiserstuhl corkscrew museum is also located in the village. In the 19th century, the poet Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter described Burkheim as the place where Wolfdietrich is said to have repented.

Personalities

  • Jörg Wickram (* around 1505 in Colmar; † around 1555/1560 in Burkheim), writer, 1555 town clerk in Burkheim
  • Karl Härringer (1913–2008), lawyer, judge and founder of the youth welfare organization in Freiburg im Breisgau, was born in Burkheim

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Vogtsburg: Burkheim should become even more attractive , Badische Zeitung, December 19, 2012, accessed on February 11, 2013
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Witt 1971, p. 199.
  3. ↑ Rappennestgießen nature reserve. Retrieved September 22, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Map ( memento of the original from January 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in Flyer Kaisterstühler Radwanderweg, accessed on January 14, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vogtsburg-im-kaiserstuhl.de
  5. ^ Ekkehard Liehl: The location of the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in the administrative area of ​​the state and in the landscape structure. In: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Hrsg.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Land from the Rhine over the Black Forest to the Baar. Karl Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-921340-44-6 , p. 11.
  6. ↑ a b Witt 1963, p. 15.
  7. ↑ a b c Witt 1963, p. 16.
  8. ↑ a b Witt 1971, p. 202.
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  13. ↑ a b c d Witt 1971, p. 203.
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  15. ↑ a b c Witt 1963, p. 20.
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  18. ^ C. Brunner: Hans von Hallwil, the hero of Granson and Murten. In: Argovia. Annual journal of the Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau. Volume 6, HR Sauerländer, Aarau 1871, p. 193, full text in the Google book search
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  24. ↑ Bernd Ottnad: The political history from the beginnings to the present in: District Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Ed.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Land from the Rhine via the Black Forest to the Baar , Karl Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-921340-44-6 , p. 126.
  25. ↑ Baden-Württemberg State Archives : 21 No. 1337
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  27. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg : 21 No. 1340
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  29. ↑ Witt 1971, p. 204.
  30. ↑ a b c d e Witt 1963, p. 25.
  31. ↑ Erich Keyser, Heinz Stoob: German city book: Southwest Germany. 1. State of Hesse. 2. State of Baden-Württemberg: sub-volume Württemberg. 3. Land Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1939, p. 206, preview in the Google book search
  32. ↑ Burkheim ( Memento of the original from August 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vogtsburg.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , City of Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl, accessed on January 10, 2013.
  33. ↑ a b Witt, p. 205.
  34. ^ Wilhelm Edler von Janko : Lazarus Freiherr von Schwendi, supreme field captain and councilor of Emperor Maximilian II based on the original files of the KK Haus-Hof- und Staats-Archives, the archives of the KK ministries of the interior, finance and war . Vienna: Braumüller 1871, p. 140, full text in the Google book search. Reprint of this edition: Freiburg / Brsg .: Echo-Verlag 2000.
  35. ↑ Witt 1971, p. 206.
  36. ↑ Witt 1963, p. 28.
  37. ↑ a b c d Witt 1963, p. 29.
  38. ↑ a b Witt 1971, p. 207.
  39. ↑ Witt 1963, p. 30.
  40. ↑ a b c Witt 1963, p. 31.
  41. ↑ a b c d Witt 1971, p. 208.
  42. ↑ a b Witt 1963, p. 32.
  43. ↑ Fürstenberg. In: Johann Samuel Publication : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts in alphabetical order , Volume 51, Brockhaus, Leipzig 1850, S 495, full text in the Google book search
  44. ↑ a b Freiburg City Archives : History of the Mayer von Fahnenberg Family (PDF; 204 kB), accessed on December 27, 2012.
  45. ↑ a b Witt 1963, p. 33.
  46. ↑ a b c d e Witt 1971, p. 209.
  47. ↑ a b Rudolf Michna: The Kaiserstuhl. In: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Hrsg.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Land from the Rhine over the Black Forest to the Baar. Karl Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-921340-44-6 , p. 311.
  48. ↑ a b Witt 1963, p. 34.
  49. ↑ a b c d Witt 1963, p. 35.
  50. ^ Burkheimer Schlossruine , City of Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl, accessed on December 28, 2012.
  51. ↑ Burkheim Castle ( Memento of the original dated December 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , weingut-bastian.de, accessed on February 24, 2013.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.weingut-bastian.de
  52. ↑ a b c d e Witt 1963, p. 36.
  53. ↑ a b Witt 1971, p. 210.
  54. ↑ Rudolf Michna: The Kaiserstuhl. In: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Hrsg.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. Land from the Rhine over the Black Forest to the Baar. Karl Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-921340-44-6 , p. 308.
  55. ^ Witt, p. 13
  56. ↑ Historic medium- sized town in Burkheim ( Memento of the original from February 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vogtsburg-im-kaiserstuhl.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl, accessed on December 30, 2012
  57. ^ Benjamin Bohn: Vogtsburg: Between 15,000 and 20,000 guests , Badische Zeitung, December 4, 2012, accessed on February 11, 2013
  58. ^ City of Vogtsburg: Image brochure. (PDF; 5.0 MB) (No longer available online.) P. 26 , archived from the original on March 19, 2015 ; Retrieved July 14, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vogtsburg.de
  59. ↑ Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter : Wolfdieterich's Buße in Burkheim In: August Schnezler (Ed.): Badisches Sagen-Buch I , Creuzbauer and Kasper, Karlsruhe 1846, pp. 311-313

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