Buttlar (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Buttlar

Buttlar (also Butler , Buttler or Treusch von Buttlar ) is the name of an old Upper Franconian - Hessian noble family . The lords of Buttlar belong to the primeval nobility in Buchonia . Branches of the family also found their way to Westphalia , Saxony , Prussia , Courland , France , Poland , Russia and Hungary, and some still exist. Buttlar and Treusch von Buttlar, resident in Hesse , have belonged to the Althessian Knighthood , the oldest foundation in Hesse , from 1660 to the present day .

history

The headquarters of Schloss Buttlar

origin

Originally there were members of the Ministeriale family of the Fulda bishopric . The eponymous headquarters Buttlar an der Ulster in Grabfeldgau is today a municipality in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .

The family first appeared in a document in 1170 with Hartnid de Butelir . In 1233 Johann de Buttlar appeared as the Fulda marshal and in 1246 Hartung de Buttlar appeared as a co-founder of the Fulda monastery Mariental. In his Adelsspiegel II. 1234, Cyriacus Spangenberg mentioned Simson von Buttlar and Andreas von Buttlar in 1369 as war heroes. An Andreas von Buttlar was captain of Nordhausen in 1370 .

The families von Buttlar and Treusch von Buttlar are related to the tribe and coat of arms. The Germar are also likely to be related to this.

Lines and spread

The family was divided into three tribes as early as the 13th century.

Thuringian branches

In addition to the headquarters in Buttlar , the Lords of Buttlar in what is now Thuringia held a share in Wildsprechtroda Castle from 1432 . Your first castle seat was the old castle , probably the original Frankenstein castle. Today's castle was built in the Renaissance style in the 16th century and was the seat of the Butler-Wildprechtoda sideline, which later also owned the property in the neighboring village of Leimbach , five kilometers away . Wildsprechtroda Castle was repurchased by Otto von Butler after German reunification in 1996.

A branch of the butlers von Wildsprechtroda has been based at Gut Heldritt in the Coburg district since 1831 . A branch was also located in Grumbach . Hans Melchior von Buttlar acquired Feldeck Castle in 1622 . From 1600 the residential tower was expanded into a castle. This remained in the possession of the von Butler family until the expropriation in 1945 and after the reunification of Major General a. D. Ruprecht reacquired from Butler from Heldritt.

Early on they belonged to the castle team of fuldaischen castles Neuerburg and Völkershausen . The branch to Völkershausen owned, among other things, the rule of Vacha (Berthold and Apel von Buttlar are named in 1360 as castle men at Wendelstein zu Vacha Castle ). From this branch came Günther von Buttlar († 1466), of the Maltese - Master of the Order was elected in Germany. His nephew Reichard von Buttlar was Commander in Würzburg around 1500 . Friedrich Otto von Buttlar († 1726), son of Major General of the Upper Rhine District Johann Christoph von Buttlar , who was elected Prince Abbot of Fulda under the name Constantin in 1714, also belonged to this branch . From this line came Franz Adolph Freiherr von und zu Buttlar , electoral stable master and princely Fulda privy councilor , and Burgmann zu Friedeberg, electoral chamberlain and court advisor to Fulda Johann Philipp Adelbert Freiherr von Buttlar .

Hessian branches

The Buttlar in Hesse owned the castles and palaces Ziegenberg near Witzenhausen , Elberberg (since 1559 until today) and Riede (1825–2007), both near Naumburg . In addition, the estates Ermschwerd (until today) and Friemen belonged to the family property.

Probably the progenitor of this line was Werner von Buttlar, who in 1313 acquired claims to the rule of Ziegenberg by marrying the heir to the last dynast of Ziegenberg. The village of Ermschwerd came in 1486 as an accessory to Ziegenberg Castle as a pledge from the Hessian Landgrave Ludwig I for 1900 guilders to his court servant Georg von Buttlar (the elder, 1408–1489). George (the younger) from Buttlar received in 1494, waiving the paid by his father deposit the sum of 1900 guilders, Castles and Power Ziegenberg with all accessories, including the judiciary, as a fief of Landgraf Wilhelm II. Of Hesse. After the death of Georg's son Erasmus (Asmus) von Buttlar (1495–1541) the castle fell into disrepair and was partially demolished. His widow, Margarethe von Boineburg called von Honstein (1503–1554), was the builder of Ermschwerd Castle , probably around her youngest son Heimbrod von Buttlar (1541–1609), who was born just a few months before his father's death to create adequate residence. Heimbrod received the estate Ermschwerd and shares in the neighboring estates Stiedenrode and Freudenthal as well as in Elberberg and Laubach when the paternal inheritance was finally divided in March 1571 ; he became the progenitor of the Ermschwerder or Elberberger line of the Buttlar family. His eldest brother Jost Oswald von Buttlar (1534–1594) became the progenitor of the Buttlar-Ziegenberg line. The barons of Buttlar-Ziegenberg still own the Stiedenrode estate today.

The Ziegenberger line was divided into three branches, Ziegenberg, Stiedenrode and Friemen.

After the death of Kurt's from same in 1535 acquired by Buttlar by inheritance - first as part of a Ganerbenschaft - with the castle Elbersberg another large and contiguous land next to the rule Ziegenberg and the family estate Buttlar in Rhon.

In 1804 the Buttlar-Elberberg line also acquired the Buttlar-Ziegenberg share of the Elberberg estates since the fraternal division in 1571 and thus became the sole owner. In 1813 they sold their Ermschwerdschen goods. In 1826 the von Buttlar-Elberberg bought the Riede estate from the Hessian elector Wilhelm II. In 1826 they set up a Fideikommiss via the allodial estates of Elben, Elberberg with Waldhof, Kirchberg and Riede . In 1852 the former fiefdoms of Elberberg, Kirchberg and Ziegenhagen were assigned to the Familienfideikommiss, which was replaced by a family foundation in 1926. After the foundation was dissolved in 1955, the agricultural and forestry holdings at Elberberg, Waldhof, Riede and Ziegenhagen glassworks were actually divided among those entitled to enjoyment.

Courland Line

The progenitor of the Kurland line was probably Berthold von Buttlar , who appeared in the middle of the 13th century. He fought with the Sword Brothers in Livonia , later married and was able to continue the tribe.

Franconian line

As an empire-free family in Franconia , the family belonged to the knight canton of Rhön-Werra until around 1760 . Because of the ownership or partial ownership of Kirchschönbach , Krautheim and Herledorf, members of the family were registered in the knight canton of Steigerwald from 1650 to 1760 and in the knight canton of Altmühl of the Franconian knight circle from 1560 to 1650 . One of the Franconian branches owned Gunzenhausen in the Principality of Ansbach-Bayreuth at the beginning of the 16th century . Their relatives were almost without exception in the Brandenburg-Ansbach service. With the death of Carl von Buttlar in 1718, this branch of the male line became extinct. He bequeathed the entire property to his sovereign. Philipp Constantin von Buttlar came from the Franconian branch of Krauthausen, son of the Princely Würzburg Chamberlain and Lieutenant Colonel Carl Heinrich von Buttlar. He entered royal Prussian service in 1740 and died as a major after having fought in all the Silesian Wars .

Treusch von Buttlar

From the middle of the 14th century, a tribe appeared under the name Treusch , later also Treusch von Buttlar , probably named after the village of Treischfeld - today part of the market town of Eiterfeld . The addition "Treusch" (or "Troysch") is documented for the first time in 1324 and was made by Curt III. common to all members of his tribe. A relationship to the Frankish Uradelsgeschlecht is very likely, because they lead a similar, only in the crest different emblem . Both families are still registered in the existing Althessian knighthood .

From 1550 the Treusch von Buttlar were the sole owners of Brandenfels Castle (near Herleshausen in today's Werra-Meißner district ) above Markershausen with the surrounding villages of Nesselröden , Willershausen , Holzhausen , Unhausen and Archfeld as well as Hohenhaus . Since then they have called themselves Buttlar von Brandenfels called Treusch , later Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels .

The Treusch tribe branched out since 1488 into the older main line to Altenfeld and the younger main line to Willershausen. The latter split in turn into the lines to Markershausen and Willershausen, the line to Markershausen in turn into two lines, those of the upper and lower houses in Markershausen. The Swabian castle Bichishausen was owned by the family in the first half of the 16th century.

Family disputes in the Treusch von Buttlar family at the Willershausen manor around 1730/40 served as inspiration and background for Schiller's drama Die Räuber .

Military services

Members of the Hessian line as well as those from the Saxon-Meiningen houses in Grumbach and Wilprechtsroda were in the service of the royal Prussian army. August Friedrich Georg von Buttlar from the Grumbach branch was a royal Prussian colonel. Carl Friedrich von Buttlar from the Wilprechtsroda house was a ducal colonel in Saxony-Meiningen, a secret war councilor and commandant of Meiningen . He was in the Romberg regiment for 16 years until the end of the Seven Years' War . Wilhelm Albrecht von Buttlar, royal Prussian hussar colonel, was killed in action near Halle in 1806 in the 4th coalition war .

Alfred Freiherr von Buttlar zu Brandenfels, called Treusch, heir to the baronial Fideikommiss Pischätz (today Pišece bei Brežice in Slovenia ) from Moscon in Lower Styria , received an Austrian permit on April 20, 1909 in Vienna to name the Barons von Moscon.

An established on June 8, 1890 Association of the counts, barons and lords of Buttlar, The Buttlarsche of total sex , is from a family council managed. Family days are held every three years .

Status surveys

Over time, various members and branches of the sex received numerous rankings.

Johann Anton Franz von Buttlar of the Hessian Buttlar, imperial generalfeldwachtmeister the Upper Rhine circle and brother of Fürstabts Constantin of Fulda , was on January 21, 1726. Vienna in the imperial counts charged. The royal Westphalian chamberlain and postmaster general Georg von Buttlar received from the House of Erlenberg a Westphalian confirmation of the baron status on September 7 and 20, 1813 in Kassel for the descent . The survey was not recognized in the Kingdom of Prussia.

From the house of Ziegenberg, Wilhelm von Buttlar , Herr auf Ziegenberg, also received a Westphalian confirmation on September 7 and 20, 1813 in Kassel to hold the baron status and on March 29, 1882 in Berlin, an unrestricted approval to use the title of baron. His son, the royal Prussian Colonel Adolf Freiherr von Buttlar , received a Prussian confirmation of the use of the title of baron on December 16, 1871 in Berlin.

Georg Heinrich Melchior von Buttlar , lord of Politten and Warnikam and royal Prussian lieutenant out of service , was raised to the status of Prussian baron on June 16, 1782 by the East Prussian Buttlar .

Eberhard von Buttlar , knight bank judge of the Courland knighthood, was enrolled in the 1st class of the Courland knighthood on October 17, 1620. The royal Polish chamberlain Gotthard Wilhelm von Buttlar , who came from this branch, received the status of hereditary-Austrian count in Vienna on February 27, 1651 . Johann von Buttlar , commander of Mährisch-Hradischt, received an Erbländisch-Austrian confirmation of the use of the baron title on May 10, 1686 in Vienna. Ludwig Johann von Buttlar , Mr Erdo on-Telek was on June 18, 1710 to Bratislava in the Hungarian levied count conditions. An Imperial Russian recognition for the use of the baron title took place on May 3, 1854 by Senatsukas . A confirmation was given on February 28, 1862 for the branches of the family that settled in the Russian regions of the Baltic States .

From the Buttlar von Brandenfels line, called Treusch, Otto Freiherr auf Brandenfels, called Treusch , kuk lieutenant of the reserve , received the Saxon-Meiningen count on December 5, 1874 in Meiningen (through a diploma of January 5, 1875). An Austrian prevalence of the counts took place on August 5, 1875 in Vienna by rescript .

From the Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels line, the royal Westphalian palace prefect , colonel and commander of the National Guard received Wilhelm Victor Treusch von Buttlar and Carl, Moritz, Joseph, Willibald, Wilhelm and Carl Ernst Treusch von Buttlar on November 5 and 6, 1812, respectively zu Kassel, a Westphalian confirmation of the baron status. The children from the marriage of Adam Ludwig Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels, Herr auf Bregden (today Russian: Wawilowo) in East Prussia and a royal Prussian colonel out of service, and of Anna Maria Bauer, bore the name Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels without objection. The royal Prussian captain Hugo Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels received a permit for him to use the title of baron on December 11, 1893 at Potsdam Neues Palais .

The counts, barons and lords of Buttlar joined forces with statutes of June 8, 1890 to form an association of the von Buttlar family, which continues today as a family association.

coat of arms

The original coat of arms , based on a seal from 1324, shows three (2: 1) butts.

The coat of arms of the Buttlar tribe shows in red a silver butte with two gold hoops and two gold straps on the left. On the helmet with red-silver helmet covers stands a red column with three (red-silver-red) ostrich feathers, on which a right-curved silver and gold-shod hunting horn (medieval shape: Hifthorn ) hangs on a crossed gold strap.

The coat of arms of the Thuringian and Franconian line Buttler shows the same shield. On the helmet with red and silver helmet covers there is a resting gold-studded red hunting horn (Hifthorn) with a golden cord wound upwards. The mouthpiece is equipped with three red-silver-red ostrich feathers.

The coat of arms of the Treusch von Buttlar shows in red a silver butte with two gold hoops and two gold lanyards on the right. On the helmet with red and silver helmet covers is a wreath of five silver roses from which three red, silver and red ostrich feathers emerge.

  • Coat of arms of those of Buttlar

  • Coat of arms of those von Buttler and von Butler

  • Coat of arms of the Treusch von Buttlar

  • Coat of arms of those of Germar

  • Coat of arms of the von Buttlar (barons)

  • Coat of arms of the von Buttlar (barons)

  • Coat of arms of those of Buttlar (counts)

  • Coat of arms of those of Buttlar (counts)

Name bearer

a mr. Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels before 1886

literature

Web links

Commons : Buttlar (noble family)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inventory of Thuringian monuments and art, issue 37, page 98
  2. ↑ Mansfelder Chronik, page 386
  3. ↑ inFranken.de of December 26, 2014
  4. ↑ Georg Landau: The Hessian knight castles and their owners. Volume 4. Bohné, Kassel, 1839, p. 317
  5. ↑ see also list of Frankish knight families
  6. ^ Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 109.
  7. ↑ Otto Posse : The seals of the nobility of the Wettin region , Volume 2, page 96