List of cultural monuments in Frankfurt's old town

Most of today's Frankfurt-Altstadt district, seen from the Commerzbank Tower (August 2010). The area in front of the cathedral is the heart of the Dom-Römer project .

In the list of cultural monuments in Frankfurt-Altstadt , all cultural monuments within the meaning of the Hessian Monument Protection Act in Frankfurt-Altstadt , a district of Frankfurt am Main, are listed.

The basis is the monument topography from 1994, which was last supplemented in 2000 by a supplementary volume. In addition, the 2008 edition of the Handbook of German Art Monuments for the Darmstadt administrative region and the Fachwerk in Frankfurt am Main published in 1979 are used, provided that more current or additional information is available there. The names of architects, builders and artists that are mostly abbreviated in the monument topography have, as far as possible, been resolved according to the literature listed under the section Works on Architects and Artists .

introduction

Prehistory to the Carolingian palace settlement

Remains of the oldest traces of settlement on the cathedral hill, including the royal hall of the Carolingian Palatinate from the 9th century, in the former archaeological garden (now overbuilt), seen from the cathedral tower (2011)

The continuity of the early history of Frankfurt am Main and thus of today's Frankfurt-Altstadt district has not been fully clarified for various reasons. On the one hand there is only a small amount of written records, on the other hand the archaeological evidence presents itself in such a way that the historical nucleus of the city, the area between the cathedral and the Römer , in the 1960s and 1970s the excavation of an underground car park and a subway station fell victim, whereby only emergency excavations could be made. Archaeological findings collected before and during the emergency excavations have largely not been evaluated to this day.

The current state of research allows the statement that the cathedral hill, as a flood-free elevation in the old town area , was populated regularly since the Neolithic period , at the latest since late antiquity . Relationships between the settlements of different ages, such as the Roman settlement , the Alamannic or Merovingian epochs, are not completely secured or clarified. There is also no evidence of residential developments in the form of post houses before the 9th century; the oldest layer of the early medieval settlement consists of isolated finds of pit houses from the 7th century, mostly used as workshop or farm buildings .

With the first mention of the city under its current name on the occasion of an imperial synod by Charlemagne in 794, the actual city history begins. Under his son Ludwig the Pious , a royal palace was built on the Dom-Römer area in the 9th century ; his son Ludwig the German donated the Salvator Foundation and Church in 852 (later Bartholomäusstift and cathedral). This created two important institutions in the vicinity of which a city for civil servants, craftsmen and other professions that interacted with them could develop.

The old town initially grew to the west in the direction of the so-called Carmelite Hill, another flood-free hill, in the center of which is today's monastery complex and church . Under the Ottonian rulers, it expanded to the north around the year 1000, roughly in the course of today's Braubachstrasse and Bethmannstrasse. The cityscape at that time has only been explored to a limited extent on the basis of archaeological finds. With great caution, recent publications point out that a very long transition from the post house to the half-timbered building with stone foundations was not made until the middle of the 10th century at the earliest .

Staufer city and the Middle Ages

After the Carolingian Palatinate was destroyed by fire in the 11th century, according to the prevailing research opinion, settlement activity only expanded considerably again in the 12th century with active support from the Hohenstaufen. In the middle of the 12th century they built a royal castle on the Main with the Saalhof, which is still partially preserved from this period, and had the city area surrounded by a wall named after them , which can still be seen in the shape of the city today, along with small remains.

After the end of the Hohenstaufen rule in the 13th century, urban self-government developed, which began in 1219 with the first mention of the citizenship, continued with the initial mention of councilors in 1266 and was completed in 1372 with the acquisition of the mayor's office . Most of the founding of churches and monasteries, the construction of the most important public buildings, most recently the town hall through the renovation in 1405, and a large part of the road systems fall into this first political and economic bloom through the acquisition of numerous imperial privileges through the Frankfurt Fair , which was already important throughout the empire as they still exist today or were preserved until the Second World War .

Frankfurt 1862 - with the exception of Liebfrauenstrasse and the demolished city fortifications, almost in the pristine state of the late Middle Ages: The oldest part of the old town between the cathedral and the Römer, the Staufer expansion on a more regular grid up to the Grabenstrasse and the loosely built new town behind are clearly visible

After 1333, a new town developed beyond the Staufer town up to today's ramparts , which after the 16th century increasingly merged with the old town, but is still separated from the historic old town as a separate district of Frankfurt city center . The 16th and 17th centuries brought a second economic boom, especially the fair, and with the immigration of religious refugees also the density of buildings and architecture typical of the old town at the turn of the late Gothic and Renaissance periods . The half-timbered construction always prevailed in a metropolitan variant of the Franconian farmhouse, only the large public and a few dozen private buildings were stone houses.

In this state, the old town was preserved even in the 18th century, even though the building activity was extremely active. Wars and major fires had spared the substance since the high Middle Ages and never led to major changes in the cityscape; Conservative families of craftsmen, who often dominated the building industry for centuries, carried on late Gothic style elements such as the gable structure by means of oversized dwelling houses until the Baroque era .

Modern times up to the Second World War

The classicist building industry of the 19th century superficially changed the character of numerous buildings, but just like the subsequent building boom in historicism , the old town was largely spared from changes that affected the ensemble as a whole. Urban life shifted from the old to the former new, now inner city, and soon beyond, at the latest by 1870. This development, which was by no means a matter of course for Germany during the imperial era - elsewhere entire city districts were lost in the course of the modernization of the inner cities - increasingly showed its negative sides in the course of a massively deteriorated social structure: The centuries-old building fabric was now often misappropriated or overused by multiple letting , in a state of rapid decay.

The airship picture from 1911, which shows the vast extent of the district, but by no means the entire district, still shows the gaps that the breakthrough of Braubachstrasse and Domstrasse had made a few years earlier

The solution was to have road openings based on the Parisian model, which had been practiced in Frankfurt am Main since the mid-19th century. But it wasn't until the beginning of the 20th century that around 100 houses on the border between the oldest and Hohenstaufen urban expansion area were built with the construction of Braubachstrasse and Domstrasse, and the oldest city wall was also discovered, was this a process that began to reveal concerns about monument conservation in publications .

Despite the efforts of citizens' initiatives, above all the Association of Friends of the Old Town under Fried Lübbecke , after the First World War there was an increasing number of demolitions, mostly of houses that the city had brought into their possession, albeit occasionally. In the 1930s, the National Socialists began a systematic “old town rehabilitation ”, which, however, was largely based on the principles of area redevelopment and its methodology destroyed more substance than received even during “restoration”. Nevertheless, the old town of Frankfurt remained one of the best-preserved large-scale city centers in Germany until it was practically completely destroyed by bombing in October 1943 and March 1944 .

Downfall and development up to the present

The bourgeois building stock, probably around 2000 before late nineteenth included building, went in Firestorm under nearly complete. Almost all public buildings and churches also burned down, with the exception of the Weißfrauenkirche they were mostly restored to their original appearance on the outside, but in a greatly simplified manner on the inside. Due to a generous traffic planning in the sense of a car-friendly city , in the direct post-war period not only the old street and district floor plan but also isolated remnants of the existing building fabric were mostly lost. Formerly important north-south connections such as the Fahrgasse or the Kornmarkt have become meaningless and / or functionless.

Reconstructions from the early 1980s on the Römerberg - an exemplary insight into typical Frankfurt town house architecture between late Gothic and classicism

The following decades also saw large-scale buildings, some of which were immeasurable, which are in stark contrast not only to the former, but also to the modest architecture of the early reconstruction years. It wasn't until the beginning of the 1980s that a gradual rethink began. The clearest sign of this was - albeit controversial in terms of monument preservation - the largely true-to-original reconstruction of the historical buildings on the eastern Römerberg . The reconstruction of the canvas house , the only remaining public building in the old town from the Middle Ages apart from the town hall, took place during this time and set new standards in terms of its quality of craftsmanship, which also took the interior into account using historical techniques.

With the demolition of the Historical Museum and the Technical Town Hall , the most controversial large buildings in the entire old town area from the early 1970s, and the partly true to original, partly interpretive reconstruction of a small part of the old town on the Dom-Römer area, which has been ongoing since 2013, the 21st century continued to observe restorative tendencies. This urban development undertaking is known as the Dom-Römer-Projekt .

The monument inventory of the current district - roughly corresponding to the Carolingian core and the Staufer expansion - consists largely of the restored churches, public buildings and, above all, private buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries that have been simplified to this day after war damage. Almost the only surviving evidence of older bourgeois life in the area are the wells, most of which date from the 18th century and some of which were moved to new locations after the Second World War. More recently, buildings from the era of reconstruction, i.e. the 1950s and 1960s, have also been added to the monument inventory.

Cultural monuments in Frankfurt's old town

image	designation	location	description	construction time	Data
	Sexton's house	Alte Mainzer Gasse 23 location	Classicist villa in essence , later modified; original enclosure.	around 1790 (core building) / around 1910 (changes)	518189
		At the Kleinmarkthalle  1-11 (= Berliner Strasse  20-36 Hasengasse 1-3, Ziegelgasse 2) Location	Modern residential buildings designed by Max Meid & Helmut Romeick. Raised rear end of a building group surrounding three courtyards along Berliner Straße 20–36 (see Berliner Straße 20–36 ).	1952
		Berliner Straße  14 (= Hasengasse 2, Im Trierischer Hof 17) location	see Hasengasse 2 .	1952
		Berliner Straße  20–36 (= At the Kleinmarkthalle  1–11, Hasengasse 1–3, Ziegelgasse 2) Location	Modern residential buildings designed by Max Meid & Helmut Romeick. In the typical change from standing and lying wing to a building complex grouped around three courtyards; rear end buildings (see An der Kleinmarkthalle 1–11 ).	1952
	Former Göppingen gallery	Berliner Strasse  27 location	The architect Otto Apel's own office and residential building with a separate rear building facing Braubachstrasse . Design by Eberhard Brandl and Apel as a successful homage to Le Corbusier .	1956
		Berliner Straße  40 (= Neue Kräme  26) location	Six-story office building built by Ludwig Happ on the new Berliner Strasse. Arcaded ground floor, recessed upper floor.	1953
	New town hall - north building	Berliner Straße  43 (= Kornmarkt  2, Paulsplatz  9) location	Monumental building complex designed by Franz von Hoven and Ludwig Neher in neo-baroque forms , grouped around two courtyards. East side as the main facade with a formerly gabled center, domed corner bay windows , figuratively decorated portal - corresponding to the lavish architectural sculpture all around. Arched bridge starting south on the pair of atlases as a connection to the south building (see Bethmannstrasse  3–5); Remnants of the original interior.	1900-08
	Former Federal Audit Office	Berliner Strasse  51 location	Modern administration building based on a design by Friedel Steinmeyer and Werner Dierschke made up of Z-shaped wings of different heights. Facades as visible concrete skeletons and tile-clad compartments; typical staircase.	1954/55
	Former house in Wroclaw	Berliner Straße  60 (= Kornmarkt  4) location	Office and commercial building on the newly created east-west axis. The facade is emphasized horizontally by ribbon windows, the attic is set back.	1954
		Berliner Strasse  70 location	Flat-roofed pavilion on an oval floor plan at the western end of Berliner Straße based on a design by Edgar Schäfer.	1956
	New town hall - south building	Bethmannstraße  3-5 (= Buchengasse 14, Limpurgergasse 6-8, Paulsplatz  5-7) Location	Monumental building complex based on designs by Franz von Hoven and Ludwig Neher in neo-renaissance forms , grouped around three courtyards with rich architectural sculptures and isolated images of urban history and allegorical content. Main front to the north with approaches of former gables and elaborate ornamental portal. Beyond the bridge to the north building (see Berliner Straße  43) the Bürgersaalbau with a richly structured facade - in the Ratskeller and vestibule original decoration of paintings, sculptures, ceramics and glass. Staircases with neo-Gothic vaults. On the west side corner towers of different heights.	1900-08
	Bethmannhof	Bethmannstrasse  7–9 (= Buchgasse 9) location	Neo-Baroque three - wing complex with decorative courtyard gate; Originally replaced mansard roofs . Baroque column portal to the east .	around 1680 (column portal) / 1895 (main building)
	Former supply house	Bleidenstrasse 1 (= Neue Kräme  33) location	New building for the pension life insurance based on a competition design by Ernst and G. Balser as a concrete skeleton with natural stone cladding. Recessed top floor with roof terrace for the casino under a wide cantilevered roof.	1959
		Braubachstrasse  9 location	Building of the Neoclassicism to draft municipal architect Joseph Ernst Richter with expressionist overtones; convex bay group . Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1913
	Haus zur Maus	Braubachstrasse  10 (= Domstrasse 7) location	Former Neo-Renaissance tenement house based on a design by Hermann Senf and Clemens Musch. Ground floor arcaded for shops, at the corner of the building a large polygonal bay is attached ; bizarre reliefs. Originally on two massive upper floors, half-timbered construction with a third floor and two attic floors with two gables and an octagonal roof tower. Except for the ground floor, destroyed in the Second World War, on this new building including the bay window.	1906 (ground floor and bay window)
		Braubachstrasse  11 (= Domstrasse 6) location	Apartment building designed by Wilhelm Georg Landgrebe with neoclassical echoes, effective in terms of urban planning thanks to the domed roof and colossal pilaster .	1912
		Braubachstrasse  12 location	Apartment building designed by Hermann Senf in the old town with adapted architectural forms; Shop arcades expressionistic in outline .	1925
		Braubachstrasse  14–16 location	Investment of Expressionism after a design by Franz Roeckle and Hermann mustard , generous in dimension and structure.	1926
	Former craftsman's house	Braubachstrasse  18–22 location	Residential and commercial building based on a design by Paul Vincent Paravicini with Franz Delcher in more modern architectural forms; Roof simplified.	1926
		Braubachstrasse  24 location	Neo-Renaissance tenement house designed by Alexander David Karl von Lersner ; Gable destroyed, roof simplified. Originally above the ground floor , two-storey half - timbered risalit with gable protruding on consoles and flanked by balconies ; massively replaced.	1910
		Braubachstrasse  26 location	Neo-Renaissance tenement house designed by Alexander David Karl von Lersner with a symmetrical gable front.	1910
		Braubachstrasse  28 location	Building of the new renaissance with corrugated gable after a design by Alexander David Charles of Lersner , built with the construction company Raab and healing; to the rear in the courtyard baroque archway of the former Nuremberg court (see Braubachstrasse 33).	around 1720 (archway) / 1913 (main building)
		Braubachstrasse  30–32 location	Modern urban residential and commercial building based on a design by Adam Heinrich Aßmann, built with the town planner Eugen Kaufmann; Façade in balanced proportions with lined up arches on the ground floor.	1927
		Braubachstrasse  33 location	Neoclassical tenement house designed by Hermann Senf ; The facade is structured vertically, centered in balconies with caryatids . On the left, the late Gothic passage of the former Nuremberg court under reticulated vaults on heraldic consoles (see Braubachstrasse 28).	around 1410 (passage) / 1914 (main building)
		Braubachstrasse  34 location	Neo-Renaissance tenement house for F. Schanz based on a design by Fritz Geldmacher. Gable front with axial bay window and decorative portal on the side.	1907
		Braubachstrasse  35 location	Residential and guest house designed by Franz von Hoven in mixed forms of neo-Gothic and - renaissance - corresponding to the then integrated stone house in the south (see market 42–44). Rich decor on the axial bay window and side portal. Originally window roofs on the upper floor with gothic donkey backs , the bay window with heraldic eagle, this cranked with a crenellated wreath as a parapet of the attic , then on the fire walls with stepped gables arbor-like structures between a roof terrace. Except for the ground floor destroyed in the Second World War, it was restored in a simplified way with a hipped roof .	1906
	Former head pharmacy	Braubachstrasse  36 (= Neue Kräme  2) location	Stately neo-baroque tenement house designed by Fritz Geldmacher, corner position accentuated by polygonal bay windows between varied gable fronts; decorated shop arcades.	1906
		Braubachstrasse  37 location	Noble tenement house in the taste of the 2nd Rococo after a design by Friedrich Sander. Facade of red sandstone with Kolossalpilastern . Copy of the destroyed building Neue Kräme 3; Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1906
		Braubachstrasse  39 location	Building of the new renaissance after a design by Friedrich Sander. Red sandstone facade with asymmetrical ornamental oriel and portal. Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1907
	House of the crane	Braubachstrasse  41 (= Römerberg  36) location	Building of the new renaissance after a design by Friedrich Sander. Only the ground floor of the richly decorated facade made of red sandstone has been preserved (upper structure later).	1908 (ground floor) / 1950s (superstructure)
	Stair tower	Buchgasse 3 location	Oktogonalturm the Renaissance with portal arcade , shell fountain and spiral staircase (formerly überkuppelt) - Rest of Old City Court (in World War II destroyed, largely copy).	around 1600
Image wanted	Bethmannhof	Buchgasse 9 (= Bethmannstrasse  7–9) location	see Bethmannstrasse 7–9 .	around 1680 (column portal) / 1895 (main building)
Image wanted	New town hall - south building	Buchengasse 14 (= Bethmannstraße  3-5, 6-8 Limpurgergasse, Paulsplatz  5-7) Location	see Bethmannstrasse 3–5 .	1900-08
	Imperial Cathedral of St. Bartholomew	Domplatz location	Cross-shaped hall church of Gothic from unitary effect with dominant west tower. Early Gothic nave, renovated and increased after a fire under Franz Josef Denzinger ; High Gothic choir and transept ; late Gothic tower, later completed according to the original plan by Madern Gerthener . Sacristy and library (= election chapel ) (at the choir); Cloister and patrician chapels (on the nave ), vestibule. Fifth stone church in the same place. Predecessor buildings - late Merovingian hall chapel of a royal court, Carolingian hall church of a palatinate , late Carolingian basilica with transept and apse for the palatinate and monastery , late Romanesque Bartholomew's choir - secured by excavations by the monument office on the occasion of the restoration of the medieval spatial impression. According to the importance as initially traditional, later legitimate electoral and coronation church of the Roman kings and German emperors - rich interior decoration: U. a. in the choir stalls and grave slabs, murals, sacraments and statues; in the choir flank chapels, groups of figures, in the transept Marien baldachin and sacrament house, in the tower yoke crucifixion group , tombs from Gothic to Baroque .	1260–1300 (nave) / 1315 – approx. 1360 (choir and transept) / 1415–1514 (tower) / 1420–1430 (sacristy and library) / 1430–1487 (cloister and patrician chapels) / 1869–1880 (renovation and elevation of the nave, vestibule, completion of the tower)
	Gatehouse	Domplatz location	Cash house for climbing the tower in neo-renaissance forms .	1892
	Archaeological garden	Domplatz location	Foundations and wall remnants of older settlement, etc. a. Outbuilding of a Roman villa , Carolingian Palatinate axially related to the cathedral , houses of the late Middle Ages .	2. – 16. century
	Cathedral parish house	Domplatz 14 location	Neo-Baroque tenement house designed by Wilhelm Georg Landgrebe, built with the entrepreneur Gustav Gebauer. Axial column portal with city eagle and statue of the Virgin Mary. Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1907
		Domstrasse 2 location	Neoclassical tenement house designed by Wilhelm Georg Landgrebe with an ornamental portal in relief. Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1912
		Domstrasse 4 location	Neoclassical tenement house designed by Wilhelm Georg Landgrebe with colossal pilasters and decorative portal. Gable destroyed in World War II, roof simplified.	1912
Image wanted		Domstrasse 6 (= Braubachstrasse 11) location	see Braubachstrasse 11 .	1912
Image wanted	Haus zur Maus	Domstrasse 7 (= Braubachstrasse  10) location	see Braubachstrasse 10 .	1906 (ground floor and bay window )
	Dam wall	Tramline location	Romanesque city ​​wall (later partially renewed); inner wall with irregular arches and supports of the former battlement .	around 1180/1711 (renewal)
	NEFF high-rise	Tramline  26 location	First apartment tower designed by Johannes Krahn after the war .	1955
	lion	Tramline  27 location	Baroque relief from the former “Zum golden Löwen” inn as a lintel of an apartment building.	around 1750 (relief) / 1938 (tenement)
	Lion fountain	Tramline  27 location	Classicist pump well based on a design by Johann Leonhardt Aufmuth made of sandstone pillars with shield-reinforced lion, relief decoration and basin. Until the Second World War it was on the square at An der Zange in Fahrgasse.	1781
	House Wertheym	Drive gate  1 position	Representative half-timbered house of the Renaissance with an arcaded stone ground floor and double cantilevered upper floors in a decorative wood structure; Slated gable (oversized dormers modern).	around 1600
	Drive gate	Drive gate 2 position	Late Gothic polygonal bay window based on Eberhard Friedberger's design (from the former bank fortification) on a classicist customs building.	1459/60 (polygonal bay window) / 1840 (customs building)
	Schöppenbrunnen	Fried-Lübbecke plant location	Late baroque pump fountain designed by Johann Michael Datzerath made of sandstone pillars with rococo reliefs , a basin in front and an emperor's statue (presumably Joseph II ), which was on the herb market until the Second World War .	1776
	Stoltze fountain	Friedrich-Stoltze-Platz location	Neo-Renaissance monument based on a design by Friedrich Schierholz for the local patriot and local poet Friedrich Stoltze (1816–1891); Tiered structure with a water basin, a sandstone fountain in relief and a bronze bust (partly a copy). Was on the chicken market until World War II .	1895
		Große Fischerstraße 19 location	Spacious tenement house of classicism .	around 1790
Image wanted		Hasengasse 1–3 (= At the Kleinmarkthalle  1–11, Berliner Straße  20–36, Ziegelgasse 2) Location	see An der Kleinmarkthalle 1–11 , Berliner Straße 20–36 .	1952
		Hasengasse 2 (= Berliner Straße  14, Im Trierischer Hof 17) location	Apartment high- rise with nine storeys designed by Werner Hebebrand and Walter Schlempp as one of the first reconstruction measures after the war as part of the reorganization of Berliner Straße.	1952
	Kleinmarkthalle	Hasengasse 7 location	Steel frame construction designed by Gerhard Weber and Günther Gottwald. Hall flanked by office buildings with a glazed, inclined north wall. Inside marketplaces on the ground floor, on the gallery and in the small cellar hall.	1953-54
Image wanted		In Trierischer Hof 17 (= Berliner Strasse  14, Hasengasse 2) Location	see Hasengasse 2 .	1952
	Carmelite monastery and church	Karmelitergasse 3–5 (= Münzgasse 9) location	Late Gothic convent to rectangular arcades - Cross passage north connected Chapel by the Carmelites constantly extended Saalkirche . Refectory as a two-aisled hall in the north wing - here and in the cloister there are large cycles of late medieval murals on the history of orders and salvation by Jerg Ratgeb . During the Second World War all monastery buildings burned out, of the church choir and the transept with the vaults , of the nave only the surrounding walls have been preserved. First reconstruction and alteration of the monastery buildings, later after a competition reconstruction of the church as part of the Archaeological Museum Frankfurt by Josef Paul Kleihues .	13-15 Century (hall church and extensions) / approx. 1460–1520 (monastery building) / 1514–1519 (wall painting) / 1955–1957 (reconstruction and alteration of the monastery buildings) / 1984–1988 (reconstruction of the church)
Image wanted		Kleiner Hirschgraben (= Kornmarkt  7–11, Weissadlergasse 2) location	see Kornmarkt 7–11 .	1955-58
Image wanted	New town hall - north building	Kornmarkt  2 (= Berliner Straße  43, Paulsplatz  9) location	see Berliner Straße 43 .	1900-08
Image wanted	Former house in Wroclaw	Kornmarkt  4 (= Berliner Straße  60) location	see Berliner Strasse 60 .	1954
		Kornmarkt  7–11 (= Kleiner Hirschgraben, Weissadlergasse 2) location	Development of residential and commercial buildings by the architect Karl Weber-Flumm on behalf of the NH, the Süwag and the ABG, whose small-scale architecture was intended to remind of the lost old town houses.	1955-58
	Hauptwache car park	Kornmarkt  10 location	Modern multi-storey car park designed by Max Meid & Helmut Romeick with generously glazed clinker brick fronts .	1956
	Dominican monastery and Evangelical Holy Spirit Church	Kurt-Schumacher-Straße 23 location	Originally a Gothic Dominican monastery complex , later changed in Baroque style, replaced with a modern look after war damage. Rectangular assembly; Arcaded tombstones and late Gothic vault remains under the baroque cloister . From the former hall church only rib-vaulted polygonal choir designed by J. Östreichers.	1470–1472 (choir) / end of the 15th century (tombstones) / 1679 (cloister arcades) / 1955–1960 (other components)
	Liebfrauenbrunnen	Liebfrauenberg location	Late baroque ornamental fountain designed by the city architect Johann Andreas Liebhardt . - In the fountain basin an obelisk with allegorical reliefs and figures by Johann Michael Datzerath (largely a copy).	1770
		Liebfrauenberg  37 location	Space-defining commercial building based on plans by Hans Busch with colored mosaic decor on supports and parapet panels.	1953
	House of Paradise and Grimmvogel	Liebfrauenberg  39 (= Neue Kräme  34) location	Late baroque town house designed by JW Kayser. - Palais-like building around a small courtyard with facades gabled on both sides. Reconstructed mansard roof .	1775 / 1980s (reconstruction of the mansard roof)
	Catholic Church of Our Lady	Liebfrauenstrasse 2–4 location	Late Gothic hall church with a higher polygonal choir designed by J. Östreicher ( nave vault destroyed). South side with classical porch by Friedrich Rumpf , behind it a tympanum relief over Madern Gerthener's Three Kings portal . Inside there are remains of medieval and baroque furnishings.	1310–1478 (church) / 1425 (tympanum relief) / 1506–1509 (choir) / 1824 (porch)
more pictures	Hercules fountain	Limpurgergasse 2 ( Römerhöfchen ) location	Ornamental fountain of the New Renaissance based on a design by Joseph Kowarzik; Allegorical reliefs on an octagonal basin , a bronze statue on an axial well.	1904
Image wanted	New town hall - south building	Limpurgergasse 6-8 (= Bethmannstraße  3-5, Buchengasse 14, Paulsplatz  5-7) Location	see Bethmannstrasse 3–5 .	1900-08
	Waterfront promenade and fortification	Main quay location	Quay wall , some with park-like landscaped promenade and Hochkai and remains of bastionär reinforced ramparts of the late gothic .	15th and 17th centuries (city wall) / from 1826 (quay wall and park-like design)
	Iron Bridge	Main quay location	Pedestrian bridge designed by Peter Schmick as an iron truss construction on two river pillars and with stairs made of sandstone on both sides ; on the south bank candelabra putti (formerly with neo-Gothic twin pinnacles ).	1868/69
		Mainkai 6/7 location	Simple double house of classicism .	around 1840
		Mainkai 39 location	Neo-Renaissance tenement house . Noble ashlar facade with axial bay window .	1879
		Mainkai 40 location	At its core a late Baroque house, later changed in a classicist style and supplemented by bay windows .	around 1780 (core building) / around 1840 (change and bay window)
	Catholic Leonhard Church	Main quay location	Late Romanesque basilica with twin towers over semicircular apses and richly decorated north portals - covered by a late Gothic hall church - probably based on a design by Madern Gerthener - with galleries, polygonal choir and outer aisles ; to the northeast Salvatorkapelle by Hans Baltz. - Inside remains of predominantly late Gothic furnishings, u. a. Stained glass.	from 1219 (late Romanesque basilica) / from around 1425 (late Gothic hall church) / around 1435 (glass painting) / around 1515 (Salvatorkapelle)
	Women's or Main Gate	Mainkai 51 location	Late Gothic hatch of the former city ​​fortifications .	around 1400
	Stone house	Markt 42–44 location	Late Gothic town house of the Melem family with arcades of shops , decorative battlement , corner bay windows and high hipped roof ; original vault . Almost completely reconstructed after being destroyed in World War II .	1464 (core building) / 1959–1962 (reconstruction)
Image wanted	Carmelite monastery and church	Münzgasse 9 (= Karmelitergasse 3–5) location	see Karmelitergasse 3–5 .	13-15 Century ( hall church and extensions) / approx. 1460–1520 (monastery building) / 1514–1519 (wall painting) / 1955–1957 (reconstruction and alteration of the monastery buildings) / 1984–1988 (reconstruction of the church)
		Neue Kräme  2 (= Braubachstrasse  36) location	see Braubachstrasse 36 .	1906
	Red Head House	New Kräme  8 layer	Neo-Baroque apartment building based on a design by Fritz Geldmacher with a formerly gabled decorative facade.	1906
		Neue Kräme  25 layer	Neo-Baroque residential and commercial building with a gabled ornamental facade.	around 1895
		Neue Kräme  26 (= Berliner Straße  40) location	see Berliner Straße 40 .	1953
	Former supply house	Neue Kräme  33 (= Bleidenstrasse 1) location	see Bleidenstrasse 1 .	1959
	House of Paradise and Grimmvogel	Neue Kräme  34 (= Liebfrauenberg  39) location	see Liebfrauenberg 39 .	1775 / 1980s (reconstruction of the mansard roof)
	House of the Golden Swan	Paulsplatz  3 (= Römerberg  19-23) location	Basically a medieval town house; as part of the town hall on the ground floor with a late Gothic pillar hall with star vaults , later changed with a baroque north facade according to a design by Johann Jakob Samhammer . Second floor and roof with lantern destroyed in World War II, greatly simplified restored without lantern.	before 1322 (core building) / 1406/07 (pillar hall) / 1731 (baroque north facade) / 1950–1952 (restoration)
Image wanted	New town hall - south building	Paul 5-7 (= Bethmannstraße  3-5, Buchengasse 14, Limpurgergasse 6-8, Paulsplatz  5-7) Location	see Bethmannstrasse 3–5 .	1900-08
Image wanted	New town hall - north building	Paulsplatz  9 (= Berliner Straße  43, Kornmarkt  2) location	see Berliner Straße 43 .	1900-08
	Paulskirche	Paulsplatz location	Classicist central building based on a design by city architect Johann Andreas Liebhardt by Johann Friedrich Christian Hess . Cross oval made of red sandstone with a front tower. - After it was destroyed by Rudolf Schwarz , the interior was mainly renovated in a modern way; numerous monuments outside.	1789–1833 (core building) / 1947–1949 (renovation)
	Unity Monument	Paulsplatz location	Memorial of German Unity based on a design by Fritz Hessemer as an obelisk with reliefs and a bronze figure by H. Kaufmann.	1903
	House Laderam / Alt-Limpurg	Römerberg  19 location	Façade with late Gothic stepped gable and neo-Gothic decor based on a design by Max Meckel . To the west is the Silberberg house as a Renaissance building , to the rear in the Römerhöfchen there is an octagonal Renaissance stair tower. Simply renewed after destruction.	14th century (core building) / 1595 (Silberberg house) / 1627 (stair tower) / 1896/97 (neo-Gothic decor) / around 1950 (renovation)
	House to the Römer	Römerberg  21 location	Dominant central building from the late Gothic period with a baroque bell bearer and neo-Gothic ornamentation - balcony with coat of arms and statues of the emperors - based on a design by Max Meckel ; on the ground floor Roman hall with star vaults and baroque portal of the imperial staircase, above imperial hall of the coronation banquets with images of the rulers of the Romantic period , u. a. by Alfred Rethel , Eduard von Steinle , Philipp Veit . Simply renewed after destruction.	14th century (core building) / 1405/06 (star vaults) / 1741 (imperial stairs) / 1836–1853 (rulers' images) / 1896/97 (neo-Gothic ornaments) / around 1950 (renovation)
	Löwenstein House	Römerberg  23 location	Façade with late Gothic stepped gable , Renaissance structure and coat of arms decor based on a design by Max Meckel ; to the west, remains of the Wanebach house. Simply renewed after destruction.	14th century (core building) / around 1600 (Renaissance structure) / 1896/97 (coat of arms decor) / around 1950 (renewal)
	House Frauenstein	Römerberg  25 location	Stone baroque ground floor above the late Gothic cellar . Superstructure later.	1468 (cellar) / around 1760 (baroque ground floor) / around 1950 (superstructure)
	Salt house	Römerberg  27 location	Renaissance arcaded ground floor , later renovated; in the modern superstructure allegorical reliefs of the former half-timbered construction .	around 1600 (ground floor) / around 1890 (renovation of the ground floor) / around 1950 (superstructure)
more pictures	House of the crane	Römerberg  36 (= Braubachstraße  41) location	see Braubachstrasse 41 .	1908 (ground floor) / 1950s (superstructure)
	Well of Justice	Römerberg location	Neo-Renaissance fountain . Justitiastatue made of bronze by Friedrich Schierholz over reliefs, fountain basin made of sandstone and ornamental grilles.	1887	518834
	Evangelical Old Nikolaikirche	Römerberg location	Double- nave hall church of the early Gothic , with a high Gothic choir , supplemented with a late Gothic roof gallery and tower floors; Tower substructure older. Originally council chapel (replacement of a Romanesque hall church). Portal sculpture, grave sculpture.	around 1240–1270 (tower substructure) / around 1270–1290 (hall church) / from 1292 (choir) / 13th century (portal sculpture) / 14th century (grave sculpture) / until 1467 (roof gallery and tower floors)
	Saalhof	Saalgasse 19 location	Romanesque palace, tower and palace chapel with apse oriel from the Staufer period (remnants of a royal courtyard as a replacement for the Carolingian palace in front of the cathedral , now a museum); Downstream Burnitzbau in forms of romantic classicism based on a design by Rudolf Burnitz and a baroque Bernusbau based on a plan by Bernardus Kirnde with gable facades.	around 1160 (palace, tower and palace chapel) / 1715–1717 (Bernusbau) / 1842 (Burnitzbau)
more pictures	Well of virtue	Töngesgasse in front of 13 Lage	Classicist pump fountain (copy) with allegorical rococo statues . Until the Second World War it was used as a Holy Spirit fountain in Saalgasse.	1768 (rococo statues) / 1832 (pump well)	518875
	Stoltzeturm	Töngesgasse  36 location	Octagonal stair tower of the Renaissance (now a museum ), to the west opposite a baroque house facade (largely copied).	around 1600 (stair tower) / around 1750 (house facade)	155639
	Hermann locksmith house	Untermainkai 4 location	Classicist villa based on a design by Johann Friedrich Christian Hess ; almost cubic building with noble facades and garden terrace.	1823	518882
	Mägdleinbrunnen	Untermainkai behind 4 layers	Classicist pump well with a putto-like statue of a girl. Standing on a Degussa building from 1912 (Alte Mainzer Gasse 64) until the Second World War .	1798	518883
	Atlas fountain	Weckmarkt behind 2 layers	Classicist pump well with atlantic figure by Johann Michael Datzerath.	around 1780	518889
	Canvas house	Weckmarkt 17 location	Late Gothic town house with arcades of shops , decorative battlement , corner bay windows and high hipped roof (largely reconstructed).	around 1390 (core building) / 1980–1983 (reconstruction)	518887
Image wanted		Weißadlergasse 2 (= Kleiner Hirschgraben, Kornmarkt  7–11) Location	see Kornmarkt 7–11 .	1955-58
Image wanted		Ziegelgasse 2 (= At the Kleinmarkthalle  1–11, Berliner Straße  20–36, Hasengasse 1–3). Location	see An der Kleinmarkthalle 1–11 , Berliner Straße 20–36 .	1952	156555

Archives and literature by section

introduction

literature

• Konrad Bund: Frankfurt am Main in the late Middle Ages 1311–1519. In: Frankfurter Historische Kommission (Ed.): Frankfurt am Main - The history of the city in nine contributions. (=  Publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XVII ). Jan Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1991, ISBN 3-7995-4158-6 .
• Ulrich Fischer : Excavation of the old town Frankfurt am Main. One hundred years of urban archeology, prehistory to the high Middle Ages. In: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum - Research Institute for Pre- and Early History (ed.): Excavations in Germany. Funded by the German Research Foundation 1950–1975. Part 2. Roman Empire in free Germania. Early Middle Ages I. Verlag of the Römisch Germanisches Zentralmuseum commissioned by Rudolf Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1975 ( monographs of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseums 1/2), pp. 426–436.
• Elsbet Orth , Michael Gockel, Fred Schwind : Frankfurt. In: Max Planck Institute for History (ed.), Lutz Fenske, Thomas Zotz: Die Deutschen Königspfalzen. Repertory of the Palatinate, royal courts and other places of residence of kings in the German Empire in the Middle Ages. Volume 1. Hessen. Delivery 2–4, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1985–1996, ISBN 3-525-36503-9 / ISBN 3-525-36504-7 / ISBN 3-525-36509-8 , pp. 131–456.
• Elsbet Orth: Frankfurt am Main in the early and high Middle Ages. In: Frankfurter Historische Kommission (Ed.): Frankfurt am Main - The history of the city in nine contributions. (=  Publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XVII ). Jan Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1991, ISBN 3-7995-4158-6 .
• Anton Schindling: Growth and Change from the Confessional Age to the Age of Louis XIV. Frankfurt am Main 1555–1685. In: Frankfurter Historische Kommission (Ed.): Frankfurt am Main - The history of the city in nine contributions. (=  Publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XVII ). Jan Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1991, ISBN 3-7995-4158-6 .
• Magnus Wintergerst: Franconofurd. Volume I. The findings of the Carolingian-Ottonian Palatinate from the Frankfurt old town excavations 1953–1993. Archaeological Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 3-88270-501-9 ( Writings of the Archaeological Museum Frankfurt 22/1).
• Hermann Karl Zimmermann: The work of art of a city. Frankfurt am Main as an example. Waldemar Kramer publishing house, Frankfurt am Main 1963.

Cultural monuments in Frankfurt's old town

Archival material

Institute for City History

• Existing color slides before 1945, signature 508.
• Stock photo collection Kochmann, signatures 1.065 and 1.067.
• Map collection, call number 2.517.

literature

Monument topographies, inventories and similar reference works

• Folkhard Cremer (edit.): Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hesse II. Darmstadt administrative district. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03117-3 .
• Manfred Gerner: Half-timbered in Frankfurt am Main. Waldemar Kramer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1979, ISBN 3-7829-0217-3 .
• Heike Kaiser: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. Supplements. Limited special edition. Henrich, Frankfurt am Main 2000 ( materials for monument protection in Frankfurt am Main 1).
• Heinz Schomann , Volker Rödel, Heike Kaiser: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. Revised 2nd edition, limited special edition on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the city of Frankfurt am Main. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7973-0576-1 ( materials on monument protection in Frankfurt am Main 1).

Works on architects and artists

• Albert Dessoff: Monographic Lexicon of Frankfurt Artists in the Nineteenth Century. In: Frankfurter Kunstverein (ed.): Art and artists in Frankfurt am Main in the nineteenth century. Joseph Baer & Co, Carl Jügel's Verlag, Heinrich Keller, FAC Prestel, Moritz Abendroth, Frankfurt am Main 1907–1909.
• Friedrich Gwinner : Art and Artists in Frankfurt am Main from the thirteenth century to the opening of the Städel'schen Kunstinstitut. Published by Joseph Baer, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1862.
• Friedrich Gwinner: Additions and corrections to art and artists in Frankfurt am Main from the thirteenth century to the opening of the Städel'schen Kunstinstitut. Published by Joseph Baer, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1867.
• Thomas Zeller: The architects and their building activities in Frankfurt am Main from 1870 to 1950. Henrich, Frankfurt am Main 2004, ISBN 3-921606-51-9 .
• Walther Karl Zülch : Frankfurt artist 1223–1700. Diesterweg, Frankfurt am Main 1935 ( publications of the Historical Commission of the City of Frankfurt am Main 10).

Additional information

• Georg Hartmann , Fried Lübbecke : Old Frankfurt. A legacy. Verlag Sauer and Auvermann KG, Glashütten / Taunus 1971.
• Hermann Meinert, Theo Derlam: The Frankfurt City Hall. Its history and its reconstruction. Waldemar Kramer publishing house, Frankfurt am Main 1952.
• Hans Pehl: Emperors and Kings in the Romans. The Frankfurt City Hall and its surroundings. Verlag Josef Knecht, Frankfurt am Main 1980, ISBN 3-7820-0455-8 .
• Günther Vogt, Volkmar Hepp: The canvas house in Frankfurt am Main. City of Frankfurt am Main, Department of Culture and Leisure, Office for Science and Art, Frankfurt am Main 1984.

References and comments

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Fischer 1975, pp. 426-436.
2. ↑ Ort, Gockel, Schwind 1985–1996, p. 144.
3. ↑ Wintergerst 2007, pp. 92–94.
4. ↑ Ort 1991, pp. 13-23.
5. ↑ Wintergerst 2007, p. 94 and 95.
6. ↑ Ort 1991, pp. 23-27.
7. ↑ Ort 1991, pp. 37-52.
8. ↑ Bund 1991, pp. 79-90.
9. ↑ Bund 1991, pp. 113-124.
10. ↑ Schindling 1991, pp. 205-212.
11. ↑ Cremer 2008, p. 282 u. 283.
12. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, pp. 63-82.
13. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, pp. 121-130, 152 and 153.
14. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, p. 155 and 156.
15. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, pp. 168-178.
16. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, pp. 182-190.
17. ↑ Cremer 2008, p. 282.
18. ↑ Zimmermann 1963, p. 176.
19. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 23.
20. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 24.
21. ↑ ^{a b} Kaiser 2000, p. 7.
22. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Kaiser 2000, p. 12.
23. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 26.
24. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Kaiser 2000, p. 8.
25. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 27.
26. ↑ ^{a b c} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 28.
27. ↑ ^{a b c} Kaiser 2000, p. 9.
28. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 32.
29. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 33.
30. ↑ Zeller 2004, p. 278.
31. ↑ Zeller 2004, p. 223.
32. ↑ Zeller 2004, p. 21.
33. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 34.
34. ↑ Zeller 2004, p. 107.
35. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 35.
36. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 36 and 37.
37. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 36.
38. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 38.
39. ↑ Zeller 2004, p. 217.
40. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 39.
41. ↑ ^{a b} Kaiser 2000, p. 10.
42. ↑ Hartmann, Lübbecke 1971, p. 167.
43. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 40.
44. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 69.
45. ↑ Hartmann, Lübbecke 1971, p. 104.
46. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 46.
47. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 43.
48. ↑ Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 44.
49. ↑ Kaiser 2000, p. 13.
50. ↑ ^{a b c} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 52.
51. ↑ ^{a b c} Cremer 2008, p. 261 u. 262.
52. ↑ Kaiser 2000, p. 14.
53. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Kaiser 2000, p. 15.
54. ↑ ^{a b c} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 53.
55. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 54.
56. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 56.
57. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 55.
58. ↑ ^{a b c} Frankfurt's old town - then, yesterday and today (May 2, 2005, 11:39 am). In: http://www.stadtbild-deutschland.org/forum/ . Retrieved January 7, 2012 . 
59. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 57.
60. ↑ ^{a b} Pehl 1980, pp. 68-70.
61. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 58.
62. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 62.
63. ↑ ^{a b} Meinert, Derlam 1952, pp. 32–48.
64. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 65.
65. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 67.
66. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 76.
67. ↑ ^{a b c d} Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994, p. 78.
68. ↑ Vogt, Hepp 1984, pp. 18-29.
69. ↑ Kaiser 2000, p. 20.

Remarks

1. ↑ ^{a b} Incorrectly attributed to Liebfrauenberg in Kaiser 2000, p. 9, the entry has been corrected accordingly.
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} results from the consideration of the virtual old town model Frankfurt am Main with the state of the development from the beginning of March 1944, see web links, photos of the state of 1946 in the Institute for Urban History Frankfurt am Main, z. B. inventory Kochmann, signature 1.067, and today's condition.
3. ↑ Obtains from the consideration of the virtual old town model Frankfurt am Main with the condition of the development from the beginning of March 1944, see web links, photos of the condition 1946 in the institute for urban history Frankfurt am Main, z. B. inventory Kochmann, signature 1.065, and today's condition.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Result from the consideration of the virtual old town model Frankfurt am Main with the condition of the buildings from the beginning of March 1944, see web links, photos of the condition 1946 in the Institute for Urban History Frankfurt am Main, z. B. Stock of color slides before 1945, signature 508, and today's condition.
5. ↑ Incorrectly attributed to the Holzgraben in Kaiser 2000, p. 46, the entry here has been corrected accordingly.
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Obtains from the consideration of the parcel-specific city plan with the status 1944 in the Institute for Urban History Frankfurt am Main, map collection, call number 2.517, and the current location.
7. ↑ In Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994 there is no entry for Ziegelgasse, to which reference is made on p. 44, so it is omitted here.
8. ↑ In Schomann, Rödel, Kaiser 1994 there is no entry for Ziegelgasse, to which reference is made on p. 44, therefore here without individual reference.

Web links

Commons : Kulturdenkmäler in Frankfurt-Altstadt  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Virtual old town model Frankfurt am Main The old town model ( Memento from December 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
• Cultural monuments in Hessen

 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap