NFL team owner

The NFL team owners are the determining factors behind the American professional football league, the National Football League .

The National Football League is not a registered organization in the strict sense of the word. Essentially, the organization consists of the "assembly" of the owners of the 32 teams and the commissioner of the NFL. These decide on all essential framework conditions (rules, agreements) of the league and also on the takeover of franchises or shares in them.

In order to maintain this construct, certain regulations were agreed between the team owners. The basis for the rules that apply today were laid as part of the merger of the AFL and NFL and came into force on February 1, 1970. They have since been changed and adapted several times.

Originally, the teams were mostly owned by a single person or a group of investors. When the AFL was founded in 1959, an attempt was even made to establish an exchange-traded franchise. Experience has shown that conflicts arose that could affect league operations and individual teams, especially when there was no majority.

Therefore, from 1970 the requirement was that the team owner had to own at least 51% of the shares. In 1985 this limit was lowered to 30% and a limited partnership limited to a maximum of 15 people. But this regulation also proved to be a hindrance, especially in inheritance and inheritance disputes. On the one hand, it prevented inheritance regulations from being implemented during their lifetime and, on the other hand, high inheritance taxes were incurred on inheritance.

In 1996 it was stipulated that a maximum of 25 people may directly or indirectly own shares in a franchise, at the same time it was stipulated that this 30% apply to a "family business".

In 2004 it was agreed that for franchises that have been owned by a family for more than 10 years, the "General Partner" must own 20% and another 10% must be controlled by his family. In 2009, this requirement was changed again, also in view of expected inheritances. So now 10% must be owned by the "General Partner" and 20% owned by the family. However, the 10-year rule still applies.

For the Green Bay Packers as the only team with exclusive free float and the rule that a shareholder may not own more than around 4% of the franchise, a grandfathering rule applies.

Furthermore, owners may not be involved in multiple teams. Since 2018 it has been possible for team owners to own franchises from other professional sports leagues in the city of a competing NFL team. In 2010, Stan Kroehnke was ordered to assign his shares in a basketball team and an ice hockey team to his son in order to acquire the Rams.

Non-profit organizations or businesses are prohibited from owning a franchise. There is an exception for the Houston Texans, here Harris County holds 5% of the shares, as the stadium was built with the support of the county.

Arizona Cardinals

Chicago Cardinals / St. Louis Cardinals Phoenix Cardinals / Arizona Cardinals
1920-1929	Chris O'Brien
1929-1932	David J. Jones
1932-1947	Charles Bidwill
1947-1962	Violet Bidwill-Wolfner
1962-1972	Charles "Stormy" Bidwill and Bill Bidwill
1972-2019	Bill Bidwill
2019-	Bidwill's heirs (Michael Bidwill)

The plumber and house painter Chris O'Brien founded a football team in Chicago's South Side in 1899 that went under the name Morgan Athletic Club. As a representative of the team later known as Racine Cardinals, he took part on September 17, 1920 in founding the American Professional Football Association, the predecessor company of the NFL.

On July 27, 1929, Chris O'Brien sold the team to doctor David J. Jones for $ 12,000. The football enthusiast failed to operate the team profitably, so he finally sold it in 1932 to the co-owner of the Chicago Bears Charles W. Bidwill .

Lawyer and entrepreneur, Bidwill, paid $ 50,000 for the team. The change in ownership was not announced until 1933, as Bidwill had to sell his shares in the Bears beforehand. After his death on April 19, 1947, his widow Violet Bidwill became the team owner. In 1949 she married Walter HS Wolfner, who later acted as general manager for the team.

On March 12, 1960, the NFL owners agreed to sell a 10% stake in the franchise to St. Louis-resident Joseph Griesedieck ( Falstaff Brewing Corporation ) for $ 300,000 and move the team to St. Louis.

Violet Bidwill died on January 29, 1962. She bequeathed her 82% stake in the St. Louis Cardinals to her two adoptive sons Charles Bidwill Jr. and William "Bill" Bidwill . Walter Wolfner sued the will and lost. In 1965 the dispute was finally settled. In 1972 Bill took over his brother's stake for $ 6 million.

Bill Bidwill died on October 2, 2019. His son Michael Bidwill is the administrator, chairman, and president of the Arizona Cardinals.

Atlanta Falcons

Atlanta Falcons
1965-1997	Rankin M. Smith Sr. and children, et al. a.
1997-2002	Smith's heirs (Taylor Smith)
2002-	Arthur M. Blank

Rankin M. Smith Sr. was a member of the executive board and later president and chairman of the board of directors of the Life Insurance Company of Georgia. From 1959 he was involved in initiatives to set up a professional sports franchise in Atlanta. In 1965 he was offered an American Football League franchise . The National Football League (NFL) also wanted a team in Atlanta. Smith prevailed against two other competitors and purchased an NFL franchise on June 30, 1965 for $ 8.5 million. Of this, $ 50,000 was for the franchise and $ 8.45 million for buying players from the other teams. He named the company for the franchise after his five children The Five Smiths, Inc. 64% of the shares were initially held by Rankin Smith himself and the remaining shares were owned by Howard Dobbs Jr., Cody Laird Jr. and IM Sheffield III (all co-owners of the insurance company) , George Williams and W. Barrett Howell (associates of Smith), Smith's attorney ME Kilpatrick, and Lindsey Hopkins. None of these minority shareholders owned more than 10% of the shares. 1979 Sheffield sold its shares.

Rankin Smith later held 1/3 of the shares himself, while his children held the remaining 2/3 of the shares. Smith's shares were voting while the children's shares were non-voting.

In April 1990, son Rankin Jr. and daughter Carrol Smith Walraven sold their shares. Rankin Jr. was president of the franchise at the time. Later that year, venture capitalist John Imlay and media magnate Tom Watson Brown each acquired 6% of the shares for $ 6 million.

Smith Sr. was active in the day-to-day business of the Atlanta Falcons until 1990, when he passed responsibility to his son Taylor Smith. After Rankin Smith's death on October 26, 1997, Taylor Smith continued to run the business as administrator for the heirs. Before his death, he had already given 56% of the shares to his children.

On January 6, 2002, co-founder of the home improvement chain The Home Depot Arthur M. Blank acquired all shares in the Atlanta Falcons for $ 545 million.

Baltimore Ravens

Baltimore Ravens
1996-2004	Art model
2004-	Steve Bisciotti

As a result of the Cleveland Browns' move to Baltimore in early 1996, the team owner Art Modell , the NFL and the two cities agreed that Art Modell would receive a new NFL franchise for Baltimore. The company behind the franchise was renamed from Cleveland Browns Inc. to Baltimore Ravens Inc. The previous minority owner Al Lerner (new owner of the Browns from 1999) sold his 9% stake in 1997 for $ 32 million in the model.

In 1999 aviation entrepreneur Steve Bisciotti acquired 49% of the shares in the Ravens for $ 275 million. Associated with this was the right to purchase the remaining shares for $ 325 million between 2004 and 2006. This option was used in January 2004 and became effective April 9, 2004 after approval by the NFL.

Buffalo Bills

Buffalo Bills
1959-2014	Ralph Wilson
2014-	Terrence and Kim Pegula

When Lamar Hunt was looking for appropriate franchisees for his planned rival league AFL, he found a suitable investor for the Buffalo venue in Ralph Wilson . In 1959 he had to pay the agreed amount of $ 25,000 for the franchise.

Wilson had built up the conglomerate "Ralph Wilson Industries" from his father's insurance business. Wilson was a minority owner of the Detroit Lions until 1959. Through informal discussions in 1965 with the owner of the Baltimore Colts, Carroll Rosenbloom , he started the merger with the NFL.

Wilson passed away on March 25, 2014. After George Halas and Art Rooney , he was the longest-running owner of a franchise at the age of 44. The franchise was managed as an estate and offered for sale by his widow Mary and three other people after the death.

On September 9, 2014, the franchise was bought by the former oil industry entrepreneur and current owner of several sports franchises in Buffalo and the surrounding area (ice hockey, lacrosse) Terrence Pegula and his wife Kim. He was able to prevail against Donald Trump and Jon Bon Jovi , who had also shown interest. Pegula guaranteed that the franchise would remain in Buffalo. The deal, with a purchase price of around $ 1.4 billion, was approved by the NFL team owners on October 8, 2014.

Carolina Panthers

Carolina Panthers
1993-2018	Jerry Richardson et al. a.
2018-	David Tepper et al. a.

To preserve the Carolina Panthers NFL expansion franchise, Jerry Richardson , co-founder of the Hardee’s fast food chain , founded Richardson Sports Limited Partnership in 1990 . In addition to his family, another 14 people (mainly business people from North and South Carolina) were involved in this company, Richardson acted as a general partner. The company paid $ 140 million to receive the franchise on October 26, 1993.

On December 17, 2017, Jerry Richardson announced that the team would be on sale at the end of the season. Earlier it became known that there had been cases of racism and sexual harassment in the workplace by Richardson. Several celebrities, including rapper P. Diddy and professional basketball player Stephen Curry , have expressed interest in buying.

On May 15, 2018, the sale of the franchise to investor David Tepper was announced. At the club owners meeting on May 22, 2018, the sale of the franchise was approved. Tepper, one five since 2009 -% - minority share of the Pittsburgh Steelers had bought the shares of Richardson for about 2.275 billion US dollars .

Chicago Bears

Chicago Bears
1920-1983	George Halas
1983-	Virginia Halas McCaskey

For the factory football team of the Decatur Staleys founded by AE Staley in 1919 , George Halas was recruited as a coach and manager. Since the team was a losing business despite the successful game season 1920, Staley sold the team for $ 100 to Halas. This moved the team to Chicago in 1921 and involved the player and coach Dutch Sternaman in the team. In 1930, the Chicago businessman Charles Bidwill joined the team and subsequently became vice president. Since Sternaman ran into financial problems in 1932, he agreed with Halas that the latter would buy the shares from him for $ 38,000. The amount had to be paid in parts after 6 and 12 months. To raise the money, the mother of George Trafton , Jim McMillan and Ralph Brizzolara joined the team. After the team had made losses in 1932, he needed further support to pay the remaining purchase price in 1933. His mother and Charles Bidwill each contributed $ 5,000 to the team. He sold his shares back to Halas shortly afterwards, as he had acquired the Chicago Cardinals himself.

Halas remained the owner of the franchise until he died on October 31, 1983 at the age of 88. Successor as the owner was his daughter Virginia Halas McCaskey (born on January 5, 1923). She controls over 80% of the ownership of the team. She herself owns around 30% of her four children, 3.8% each, and the two children of her brother, who died in 1979, also 3.8% each. In 1990, Pat Ryan Sr. ( Aon plc) and Andrew J. McKenna ( McDonald’s ) acquired 19.7% of the shares in the franchise for $ 17 million.

From 1983 to 1999, her son Michael McCaskey was President and Chief Operating Officer. Ted Phillips has been President since then .

The operational business was from 1983 to 1999 by Virginia's husband Edward W. McCaskey, from 1999 to 2011 by Michael McCaskey and has since been controlled by George Halas McCaskey (son of Virginia McCaskey) as Chairman of the Board (chairman of the board).

Cincinnati Bengals

Cincinnati Bengals
1967-1993	John Sawyer et al. a.
1993-	Mike Brown et al. a.

As part of the merger of the American Football League and the National Football League in 1966, it was agreed that the AFL would award another franchise. A consortium led by the former coach of the Cleveland Browns , Paul Brown , applied for this franchise . Agricultural entrepreneur John Sawyer (1925-2015) became president (until 1993) and nominal owner. In 1967, $ 7.7 million was paid for the franchise.

Paul Brown originally only owned 10% of the shares (59 of 586 shares). In the next few years he was able to acquire another 10%. In 1983 he sold 117 of his 118 shares to co-owner John Sawyer, but retained control of the team. As part of the sale, it was agreed that the sons of Brown (Mike and Pete) would buy Sawyer’s shares for $ 25,000 a share ten years later. In 1993, the Browns acquired 329 of the 330 shares in Sawyer for around $ 8 million.

Paul Brown died on August 5, 1991. He was succeeded by his son Mike Brown (born August 10, 1935). In 2011, Brown increased the stake by a further 30% for $ 200 million by acquiring the shares in contractor Austin “Dutch” Knowlton (1909-2003). Since then, Brown has owned around 500 of the 586 shares (85.3%).

Cleveland Browns

Cleveland Browns
1946-1953	Arthur McBride et al. a.
1953-1961	Dave R. Jones et al. a.
1961-1995	Type Model & a.
1998-2002	Al Lerner
2002-2012	Al Lerner's heirs
2012-	Jimmy and Dee Haslam

The taxi magnate, real estate entrepreneur and bookmaker with ties to the Mafia Arthur B. McBride was one of the co-organizers of the new football league All-America Football Conference in 1946 . The franchise was $ 300,000. Other shareholders were his son Edward, his business partner Dan Sherby, later also Paul Brown (5%), the steel industrialist Robert H. Gries and three other people.

In 1953 McBride sold his majority stake in the franchise for $ 600,000 to a consortium made up of entrepreneur Dave R. Jones , insurance agent and owner of the Cleveland Indians Ellis Ryan , attorney and former owner of the Cleveland Rams Homer Marshman , racetrack owner Saul Silberman . Paul Brown and Robert Gries remained minority owners. As a result, the ownership of the team changed because Silberman sold his 50% stake in 1955. In early 1961, the team's shares were divided into 150 stocks, of which the Nationwide Insurance Company owned 45 (30%), Gries 30 (20%), Dave Jones; Ellis Ryan and Brown 18 (12%) and Marshman 21 (14%), respectively.

In March 1961, New York television producer and advertising entrepreneur Arthur Modell acquired the entire franchise for $ 3.925 million. To do this, he took out a $ 2.5 million loan from the Union Commerce Bank. $ 1.425 million was contributed by other investors. Model and Rudolph J. Schaefer (Brewery F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company ) bought 50% of the shares in the franchise for $ 500,000 . The $ 250,000 stake of Modell was a loan borrowed from his home bank, Federation Bank and Trust. Robert H. Gries sold the previous shares in the Browns for $ 750,000 and acquired 28% new shares for $ 425,000. Other shareholders were the former business partners of model Edmund Johnstone, H. Kastor Kahn and William Chesley with 50,000 dollars each owned an 8% stake, William C. McMillen who with two other partners paid 250,000 dollars for 10% and Dave Jones, Paul Brown and Brown's attorney Philmore Haber who received 4% for $ 100,000.

In the same year Robert H. Gries' son, Robert D. Gries, took over a 5% share in the franchise. After his father's death in 1966, he took over his shares and controlled 43% from the 1970s. In 1962 Paul Brown left the franchise and switched to the newly founded Cincinnati Bengals, so he had to sell his stake in the Browns. Over time, Art Modell increased the proportion he controlled. In 1983 it was 53%.

In 1986, Modell and the team ran into financial problems due to legal disputes with Gries. He therefore sold a 5% stake in the team and 50% in the stadium operating company to the founder of the credit card company MBNA Corporation Al Lerner .

In 1995, Modell announced that his crew would be relocating to Baltimore. Gries voted against this move and sold his stake for $ 41 million. In 1997, Al Lerner also sold its share, which has now risen to 9%, for $ 32 million. Cleveland Browns Inc. became Baltimore Ravens Inc.

In the following conflict about this move, the NFL owners finally decided that the team in Baltimore would get a new franchise. It was also determined that a new owner would be sought for the Cleveland Browns franchise, who should start gaming operations by 1999 at the latest. On September 8, 1998, a consortium led by Al Lerner and the former President of the San Francisco 49ers Carmen Policy won the bid with a bid of $ 530 million. Al Lerner died on October 23, 2002 at the age of 69. His wife Norma Wolkoff Lerner and son Randy Lerner took over the franchise. In 2003, Lerners took over the 10% stake in Carmen Policy.

At the beginning of August 2012, the petrol station chain operator Jimmy Haslam ( pilot Flying J ) and his wife Dee Haslam (TV productions) acquired the team. Haslam was until then a minority shareholder in the Pittsburgh Steelers . First they acquired 70% of the shares and the right to acquire the remaining 30% within four years. The total purchase price was given as $ 1 billion. Further shareholders since 2018 are the daughter Whitney Haslam Johnson and her husband James Wood "JW" Johnson III.

Dallas Cowboys

Dallas Cowboys
1959-1984	Clint Murchison Jr. et al
1984-1989	Harvey R. Bright et al
1989-	Jerry Jones

To compete with the AFL, the NFL decided in 1959 to set up a new franchise in Dallas. The franchises were owned by the oil industrialist Clint Murchison Jr. (1924–1987) and the lawyer Bedford Wynne (1924–1990). The franchise cost $ 50,000, plus another $ 550,000 for players taken over from the other teams. Shortly after the NFL owners approved the franchise, real estate entrepreneurs ( Six Flags over Texas ) Toddie Lee Wynne (1925–1987) and William R. "Fritz" Hawn took part in the franchise. Clint's brother John D. Murchison (1921–1979) became a silent partner. The shares in the franchise were divided between the Murchison brothers at 45% each, the two Wynnes held 5% and Fritz Hawn also held 5%.

After his death in 1979, John D. Murchison's shares were administered by his heirs and were part of the inheritance dispute. In 1981 Bedford Wynne sold his stake.

On May 18, 1984, a limited partnership led by oil magnate Harvey Roberts "Bum" Bright acquired the Dallas Cowboys for $ 60 million. Another 26 million had to be paid as the purchase price for the stadium and the team's real estate. The investor group included JL Williams Jr. (15%), Ed A. Smith Jr. (15%), George M. Underwood Jr. (10%), George M. Underwood III (5%). Another 35% is held by L. Brad Camp, Craig Hall, JL Huffines Jr., Arthur Temple, and Sherod Foster Yancey Jr. Bright controlled 17% and General Manager Tex Schramm had the lowest stake at 3%. Later the shares changed through sales and takeovers. In 1989, Ed Smith owned 27% of the team.

In the late 1980s, Bright got into financial difficulties due to the stock market crisis and in February 1989 sold the franchise for $ 95 million and the stadium for $ 45 million to a group of investors around the oil industrialist Jerry Jones . In addition to Jones, the investors included Charles, Sam and Evan Wyly, Mike McCoy and Russell Glass. Ed Smith and Arthur Temple remained minority owners. Jones originally controlled 40% of the shares. By the end of July 1990, Jones had acquired a further 55% of the shares in the franchise. Another minority owner with 5% was only Mike McCoy, who acted as Vice President until 1996.

Denver Broncos

Denver Broncos
1959-1961	Robert L. Howsam
1961-1981	Gerald and Allan Phipps
1981-1984	Edgar F. Kaiser
1984-2014	Pat Bowling
2014-	Pat Bowlen Trust (Joe Ellis)

In the late 1950s, minor league baseball team owner Robert L. Howsam (Denver Bears) tried to bring a major league team to Denver, including by founding an alternative league. This attempt failed. However, to establish high-class sports in Denver. he joined in 1959 the initiative to found the AFL by Lamar Hunt . He organized the Denver Broncos franchise with his company Rocky Mountain Empire Sports. The franchise was $ 25,000. After the first season the company was in financial distress, so that Robert Howsam and his father Lee sold their shares in the company in May 1961 to a group of investors from Denver. Earl Howsam (brother of Bob) kept his shares. This investor consortium was led by contractor Gerald H. Phipps and packaging manufacturer Calvin W. Kunz Jr. Other shareholders included lawyer Ben Stapleton Jr., banker Walter C. Emery, real estate entrepreneur James E. Stokes, lawyer Allan R. Phipps, and media entrepreneur William Grant (KOA). Gerald Phipps acted as Chairman of the Board, while Kunz took over the position of President. In 1965 Gerald and Allan Phipps took over around 99% of the shares in the company. In this context, Allan Phipps took on the role of President of the company.

On February 26, 1981, Edgar F. Kaiser, Jr. bought the entire Rocky Mountain Empire Sports fortune for approximately $ 30 million. In return, the Denver Bears baseball team was sold back to the Phipps brothers. Edgar Kaiser is the grandson of Henry J. Kaiser and was mainly active in the oil business.

1984 Kaiser sold 60.5% of the shares for $ 51 million to the siblings John, Marybeth and Pat Bowlen and 39% to the oil entrepreneur John Adams and his lawyer Tim Borden. The following year, the Bowlen siblings bought Adams and Borden's stake for $ 20 million. Pat Bowlen later acquired additional shares from his siblings. In September 1998 he offered 10% of the franchise to John Elway for purchase, but the offer period passed.

When it became clear that Bowlen was no longer able to run the franchise due to his Alzheimer's disease , he transferred his shares to the Pat Bowlen Trust. President Joe Ellis, team lawyer Rich Slivka and lawyer Mary Kelly have been appointed trustees. In July 2014, Pat Bowlen passed control of the franchise to these three. Since then, Ellis has acted as a franchise owner. The Trust's job is to manage the franchise on behalf of Bowlen's seven children. In 2017, the Trust received five years' permission from the other NFL owners to find a suitable successor within the family or, failing that, to sell the franchise. Pat Bowlen died on July 13, 2019.

In 2018, daughter Beth Wallace Bowlen (* 1971) showed interest in taking over the franchise. However, it was rejected as unsuitable by the trustees. The trustees are currently supporting Brittany Bowlen (* 1990), who joined the Denver Broncos on December 2, 2019 after graduating in 2018. Requirements for a takeover are five years of management experience, the approval of the six siblings and John Bowlen (minority owner), as well as a positive vote from at least 24 NFL owners.

Detroit Lions

Detroit Lions
1934-1940	George A. Richards et al. a.
1940-1948	Fred Almond
1948-1964	D. Lyle Fife et al
1964-2014	William C. Ford
2014-2020	Martha Firestone Ford
2020-	Sheila Ford Hamp

Due to the Great Depression, the Portsmouth Spartans team was in financial trouble. The managing director of the radio station WJR George A. Richards organized in 1934 a group of over 25 industrialists from the auto and department store industries in Detroit to acquire the team. The purchase price covered the debt of $ 7,952.08 and the NFL franchise of $ 15,000. Immediately thereafter, the team moved to Detroit and was renamed Lions.

In 1940 the franchise got into a scandal over the recruitment of college players and was fined $ 5,000. Richards then sold the team to department store manager Fred Mandel for $ 225,000 . After Mandel failed to dismiss head coach Gus Dorais after the disastrous gaming seasons of 1946 and 1947 , he lost interest in the team and sold it in 1948 a week after he had settled Dorais with $ 100,000.

A group of Detroit businessmen led by D. Lyle Fife and Edwin J. Anderson (Goebel Brewing) bought the franchise for $ 165,000. From 1951 profits were finally written.

In 1961, Fife and Anderson fought for control of the Detroit Lions. As a result, Anderson resigned as president and the previous director and automotive manager William Clay Ford senior (grandson of Henry Ford ) took over the presidency. On January 10, 1964, Ford became sole owner after purchasing all of the 144 stockholders' interests for $ 4.5 million. Radio host Harry Widmer , who also held shares in the Washington Redskins and the Titans of New York at the same time, was one of these shareholders .

After Ford passed away on March 9, 2014, his wife Martha Firestone Ford (* 1925) took over the franchise. On June 23, 2020, Martha Ford resigned as chairwoman of the supervisory board and team owner. Her daughter Sheila Ford Hamp was chosen as her successor . The other siblings Martha Ford Morse, Elisabeth Ford Kontulis and William Clay Ford Junior (Chairman of Ford Motor Company) are vice chairmen.

Green Bay Packers

Green Bay Packers
1919-1920	Indian Packing Company Acme Packing Company
1921	John and Emmitt Clair
1922-1923	Earl Lambeau
1923-1935	Green Bay Football Corp.
1935-	Green Bay Packers Inc.

On August 11, 1919, Earl "Curly" Lambeau and George Whitney Calhoun formed a football team. Lambeau's employer, the Indian Packing Company , owned the crew, with $ 500 starting capital to purchase jerseys and equipment. For this, the team should bear the name of the company "Packers". Shortly thereafter, the Indian Packing Company was taken over by the Acme Packing Company. This also took over the football team. In 1921 John and Emmitt Clair became owners of the team. Lambeau convinced the two of them to join the American Professional Football Association , later the National Football League.

However, the team did not manage to get into the profit zone. After the threat of being excluded from the league because of the illegal use of college players, Lambeau personally campaigned for further participation. From 1922 he acted as a team owner. In 1923 he received support from the publisher of the Green Bay Press-Gazette , AB Turnbull, dealer Lee Joannes, attorney Gerald Clifford, and Dr. W. Webber Kelly ( The Hungry Five ). They paid Lambeau's $ 2,500 debt and sought the support of the city community for the team.

In August 1923, the Green Bay Football Corporation was finally founded. At and shortly after the charter meeting, 1,000 shares were sold for $ 5. After the company filed for bankruptcy as a result of a legal dispute, it was re-established in 1935 as Green Bay Packers Inc. and the issue of 300 shares with a nominal value of 50 dollars.

In 1950 the number of shares was increased to 10,000 and a further 9,500 shares were issued. In addition, the maximum number of shares held by a person was set. A total of $ 118,000 was raised.

From November 1997 to March 1998, one million shares were issued at a price of $ 200. Old shares could be exchanged at a ratio of 1: 1000. This action raised more than $ 24 million to 105,989 new shareholders. The money flowed into the renewal of Lambeau Field .

The most recent share issue from December 2011 to February 2012 was also used for investments in the stadium. More than 250,000 people bought the 269,000 shares at a price of $ 250 each. A total of over $ 64 million was raised.

In June 2013, 364,114 people owned 5,014,545 shares. In June 2019 361,256 people 5,009,563 shares.

Presidents of the Green Bay Packers and thus "representatives" of the team in the NFL were Andrew B. Turnbull (1923–1927), Ray Evrard (1928), W. Webber Kelly (1929), Lee Joannes (1930–1947), Emil R Fischer (1948-1952), Russ Bogda (1953-1957), Dominic Olejniczak (1958-1982), Robert J. Parins (1982-1989) and Bob Harlan (1989-2007). Mark Murphy has been President of Green Bay Packers Inc. since 2008 .

Houston Texans

Houston Texans
1999-2018	Bob McNair
2018-	Janice McNair

As a result of the dispute over the move of the Cleveland Browns to Baltimore in 1996 and the resulting new franchise for the Baltimore Ravens played in the NFL 31 teams. The team owners therefore agreed in 1997 to award another franchise. When the Los Angeles Rams moved to St. Louis in 1995, there was no team in this second largest city in the United States. That is why it was originally planned to give the new franchise to Los Angeles. When these plans failed, the franchise was given to Houston.

Bob McNair , who is active in the energy sector , was awarded the contract on October 6, 1999 for 700 million dollars . 5% of the franchise is held by Harris County , which owns the NRG Stadium where the team plays their home games. McNair had previously tried unsuccessfully to settle an NHL team in Houston.

McNair died on November 23, 2018 at the age of 81. His wife Janice McNair then took ownership of the team. Since July 2018, the son D. Cal McNair has had primary responsibility for the franchise as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer.

Indianapolis Colts

Baltimore Colts Indianapolis Colts
1953-1972	Carroll Rosenbloom et al. a.
1964-1972	Carroll Rosenbloom
1972-1997	Robert Irsay
1997-	Jim Irsay

In 1952, the Dallas Texans had to stop gaming for financial reasons and gave the franchise back to the NFL. The league was therefore looking for a new franchise owner for the 1953 season. Since Baltimore already had a team in the AAFC , later NFL , from 1947 to 1951 , the NFL tried to establish a team in this city again. The NFL commissioner Bert Bell was able to win the entrepreneur Carroll Rosenbloom from Baltimore. Bell had been Rosenbloom's football coach in college. He had made fortunes in the clothing industry and later invested in other industries.

The franchise, awarded on January 7, 1953, was $ 200,000. Rosenbloom initially had a 51% share. Other shareholders were William Hilgenberg, Zanvyl Krieger, Thomas Mullan and Bruce Livie in equal parts. Livie sold his shares in the franchise for $ 325,000 in February 1959. Hilgenberg died in December 1959. His heirs sold the shares to the team for $ 400,000. On January 23, 1964, Rosenbloom bought the remainder of the franchise for $ 1 million.

Towards the end of the 1960s, relations between the Colts and the city of Baltimore, or public opinion in the city, began to deteriorate. Although Rosenbloom rejected all rumors about the sale of the team at the beginning of 1972, at the end of June 1972 he reached an agreement with the air conditioning entrepreneur Robert Irsay on a triangular deal . Originally, the former Miami Dolphins owner Willard Keland wanted to buy the Colts, but had problems with financing, so he teamed up with Irsay. Irsay bought the Los Angeles Rams and then Irsay and Rosenbloom swapped the team, so that from July 13, 1972 Irsay with 51% and Willard Keland with 49% owned the Colts. Shortly thereafter, Irsay also took over the shares from Keland. As part of the exchange, Rosenbloom paid Irsay an amount of 3 to 4 million.

Robert Irsay died on January 14, 1997 at the age of 73. His son Jim Irsay (* 1959) then took over the franchise. His daughters Carlie Irsay-Gordon, Casey Foyt and Kalen Jackson are co-owners.

Jacksonville Jaguars

Jacksonville Jaguars
1993-2011	J. Wayne Weaver et al
2011-	Shahid Khan

In the early 1990s, the NFL planned to expand the league by two teams to 30. Baltimore, Charlotte, Jacksonville, Memphis, and St. Louis were eligible cities. On November 30, 1993, the Jacksonville Jaguars received their 30th franchise. They had to pay $ 140 million for this. The franchise was owned by Touchdown Jacksonville Ltd., later Jacksonville Jaguars Ltd, and consisted of nine people. The shoe retailer J. Wayne Weaver owned the largest share with 48% and was recognized as the team owner. Other shareholders were David M. Seldin, Jeb Bush , Deron L. Cherry. Lawrence J. DuBow, Preston H. Haskell, WA McArthur, Thomas F. Petway III, and Ronald M. Weaver Sr. With the election of Florida governor in 1998, Jeb Bush sold his shares.

Weaver lost interest in the team in the mid-2000s and started looking for a buyer. On November 29, 2011, he reached an agreement with Shahid Khan , an entrepreneur in the automotive supplier sector, to sell the franchise. Khan had shown an interest in buying an NFL team for some time, and his intentions to buy the Rams had failed in 2010. Approval by the NFL owners was granted on December 14, 2011 and the takeover took place on January 4, 2012.

Pakistani-born Shahid Khan paid $ 660 million for 100% of the franchise and took out $ 110 million in loans.

Kansas City Chiefs

Dallas Texans Kansas City Chiefs
1959-1995	Lamar Hunt
1995-	Hunt's Children (Clark Hunt)

At the end of the 1950s, Lamar Hunt (1932-2006), son of the oil magnate Haroldson Hunt , wanted to enter professional sport as a team owner. First he was involved in the establishment of a third division in baseball. After these plans failed and the NFL was also skeptical of an expansion, Hunt began to organize a competitive league. In August 1959, the new league was formally founded and the game was announced for 1960. Hunt took over the franchise for Dallas for $ 25,000 and moved to Kansas City in 1963 due to competition with the Dallas Cowboys.

Lamar Hunt passed away on December 13, 2006. As early as 1995, he had divided ownership of the franchise to his four children at 24.5% each. He and his wife each owned one percent. His son Clark Hunt has been the chairman and CEO of the franchise since 2004.

Las Vegas Raiders

Oakland Raiders Los Angeles Raiders Las Vegas Raiders
1960-1962	Gah, Osborne, Valley, etc. a.
1962-1972	Gah, Valley et al. a.
1972-2011	Al Davis et al. a.
2011-	Mark Davis et al. a.

After the AFL franchise planned for Minnesota accepted an offer from the NFL in late 1959, an eighth franchise was sought for the newly founded AFL. Los Angeles Chargers owner Barron Hilton wanted a second franchise on the US West Coast.

On January 30, 1960, the group of investors led by real estate entrepreneurs Y. Charles (Chet) Soda, Edward W. McGah , Robert Osborne, F. Wayne Valley , Harvey Binns, Donald Blessing , Art Beckett and Charles Harney were awarded the AFL ownerships. These acted as general partners with voting rights (liable partners) alongside other investors in a limited partnership . After an unsuccessful first year, five partners ended their engagement and sold their shares in McGah, Osborne and Valley. These three managed the franchise as partners with a total share of 51%. The limited partnership continued. On May 22, 1962, McGah and Valley took over the shares of Osborne for $ 10,000 after there were disagreements in advance about the further direction of the team, a possible move of the franchise and heavy losses.

In 1966, trainer and general manager Al Davis bought 10% of the shares for $ 18,500. At that time there were 23 other shareholders in addition to the General Partner. In 1972, while Valley was absent, he signed a new partnership agreement with McGah that gave him sole voting rights. Valley annoyedly sold its shares in 1976. In early 2003, Davis controlled 38% of the shares. In 2005 Davis took over the 31% stake in the McGah family. In 2007, a 20% stake was sold to a group of investors (First Football) led by Paul Leff, David Abrams and Dan Goldring for 150 million dollars.

Other shareholders are A. Boscacci, Jill Boscacci Lovingfoss, the heirs of Gertrude Winkenbach (wife of the inventor of Fantasy Football ), Jack Hartman, Doray Vail and Bob Seaman. Their share rights go back to 1960 and are now partly held by the heirs of the original owners.

Al Davis died on October 8, 2011. His son Mark Davis then took over the franchise as general partner. The proportion of the team is estimated at 47%.

Los Angeles Chargers

Los Angeles Chargers San Diego Chargers
1959-1963	Barron Hilton
1963-1966	Barron Hilton et al
1966-1984	Eugene Klein et al
1984-1994	Alex Spanos
1994-	Dean A. Spanos

When the American Football League was founded in 1959, the Los Angeles franchise was represented by hotel owner Barron Hilton . The franchise was $ 25,000. After two losing gambling seasons, it was necessary to find more donors. For a total of $ 340,000, the supermarket owner John Mabee acquired 20% and the restaurant operator George Pernicano (1918-2016), the bakery operator Kenneth B. Swanson and MLBengtson each 5% of the shares in the franchise in early May 1963. These four formed a limited partnership with Barron Hilton and his father Conrad Hilton as general partners. In September 1963, newspaper owner James Copley took over Bengtson's shares.

On August 25, 1966, Hilton sold a large part of its shares to a group of investors around Eugene V. Klein (cinema chain National General Corporation ), who became General Partner. The 21 investors included Samuel Schulman and Irving Levin (both National General), Pierre Salinger (Continental Air Lines), lawyer Eugene Wyman, and TV operator Bill Fox. Hilton himself and his father continued to control 20%. Klein and Schulman each acquired 20%. 10% bought John Z. DeLorean . Copley and Pernicano kept their shares. The purchase price was $ 10 million. As a result, Klein began to expand his control in the franchise by acquiring additional shares. In 1976, Hilton and five other shareholders tried to replace Klein as general partner due to the poor results. Klein himself claimed that he controlled 61% and thus had absolute control, while his opponents were of the opinion that he only controlled 35.5%.

On August 1, 1984, contractor and minority shareholder (10%) Alexander G. Spanos acquired Klein's 56% interest for $ 40 million. Other minority owners at that time were Barron Hilton, Jack Foreman, Bill Fox, George Pernicano, John Quirk, Frank Rothman, Ernest Hahn (7%) and the children of Eugene Klein, Michael and Randee.

Spanos later acquired additional shares in the franchise. Pernicano (1918-2016) owned 3% and Bill Fox (1926-2020) owned 1%.

Alex Spanos passed away on October 9, 2018. His son Dean A. Spanos has been the controlling owner with 96% since 1994.

Los Angeles Rams

Cleveland Rams Los Angeles Rams St. Louis Rams
1936-1941	Homer Marshman et al. a.
1941-1962	Dan Reeves, Fred Levy et al. a.
1962-1971	Dan Reeves et al
1972-1979	Carroll Rosenbloom
1979-1995	Georgia Frontiere
1995-2014	Georgia Froniere & Stan Kroenke
2014-	Stan Kroenke

For the newly established American Football League , the Cleveland Rams team was founded in 1936 by the lawyer and businessman Homer H. Marshman and the player and coach Damon Wetzel . After a sporty successful but financially sobering first year, a financial reorganization took place in December 1936 in which more business people from Cleveland were able to participate in the team. In February 1937 it was announced that they would play in the NFL the following season. The franchise was $ 10,000.

On June 11, 1941, Daniel F. Reeves , a New York-born grocer and cinema owner, and Fred Levy, a Louisville-born photo lab owner, bought control of the franchise for $ 140,000. Reeves acquired 60% of the shares and Levy 30%. The remaining 10% initially remained with previous co-owners.

After the season was canceled in early April 1943 due to the war, there were initially rumors that Reeves and Levy wanted to sell the team. On December 9, 1943, however, Reeves took over the shares from Levy.

On September 19, 1947, Interior Minister Julius A. Krug acquired 5% and Fred Levy 20% of the shares. On December 8, 1947 Reeves then sold 27.5% to the oil entrepreneur Edwin Pauley and 10% to his brother Harold Pauley. On March 27, 1949, the racecourse operator James H. Seley acquired shares in the Rams, at which time Krug was no longer a co-owner. On December 17, 1949, the entertainers Bob Hope and Bing Crosby held 10% (without voting rights) the team The co-owners only had to pay one dollar each, in return they were also obliged to cover the annual losses.

In 1951, the Rams wrote a profit for the first time. In 1954, Harold Pauley died at the age of 44, and his shares were returned to the franchise. Two years later, Levy, Pauley and Seley wanted to sell their shares in Reeves. This began a dispute over the value of the franchise that had lasted for several years. The process culminated in a 1962 auction led by NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle . Reeves offered $ 7.1 million for the franchise. On a pro-rata basis, he had to pay the co-owners $ 4.8 million for their shares. In order to be able to finance this amount, he cooperated with the baseball franchise Los Angeles Angels . Shareholders and investors in the franchise took over 49% of the shares for $ 2.45 million. Initially, these were divided between seven shareholders. They were Gene Autry and Robert O. Reynolds (together for Golden West Broadcasters ), Robert Lehman ( Lehman Brothers ), Paul A. O'Bryan (lawyer), Leonard K. Firestone ( Firestone ) JD Stetson Coleman, Joseph A. Thomas ( Investment Banker) and Clarence Daniel Martin Jr .. The composition of these seven people later changed.

Daniel F. Reeves died on April 15, 1971. On July 13, 1972, the entrepreneur Robert Irsay acquired all shares in the franchise together with Williard Keland for 19 million dollars. Immediately afterwards he swaps the franchise with the owner of the Baltimore Colts , Carroll Rosenbloom . Rosenbloom had to pay Irsay around $ 3 to 4 million as part of this exchange.

On April 2, 1979, the 72-year-old Rosenbloom died while swimming. His widow Georgia , Frontiere remarried from 1980, took over the team. She herself controlled 70% and the five children the remaining 30%. She was the first woman to run an NFL franchise herself.

In 1993, E. Stanley Kroenke led a consortium applying for an NFL expansion franchise in St. Louis. After the contract for the franchise went to Jacksonville, Kroenke began negotiations with Georgia Frontiere. The Rams moved to St. Louis for the 1995 season, at the same time he acquired 40% of the team in January 1995 for $ 60 million.

Georgia Frontiere died on January 18, 2008 and the children (mainly Chip Rosenbloom and Lucia Rodriguez) took over Frontiere's shares and thus control of the team. From mid-2009 sales rumors became known and there were various bidders, including Shadid Khan, the later owner of the Jacksonville Jaguars. On August 25, 2010, Kroenke received approval to purchase the remaining 60% of the shares for $ 750 million. However, the prerequisite was that he transferred the participation in the Denver Nuggets ( NBA ) and the Colorado Avalanche ( NHL ) to his son. Initially, Kroenke acquired 30% and the remaining 30% in 2014 as agreed.

Miami Dolphins

Miami Dolphins
1965-1967	Joe Robbie, Danny Thomas et al. a.
1967-1969	Joe Robbie, Will Keland u, a,
1969-1977	Joe Robbie et al
1977-1990	Joe Robbie
1990-1994	Robbie's heir, Wayne Huizenga
1994-2008	Wayne Huizenga
2009-	Stephen M. Ross

On August 16, 1965, a consortium led by singer Danny Thomas and lawyer Joseph Robbie received an AFL franchise for $ 7.5 million . The voting and liable shares in the team were held by two companies. Firstly, Miami Dolphins Ltd., run by Robbie. and on the other hand the Danny Thomas Sports Inc. Non-liable minority shareholders were the publisher John H. O'Neil Jr., the developers of theme parks George A. Hamid Sr. and Jr., Martin Decker and two family members from the clothing company Haggar .

From the end of 1966 there were rumors of a sale of the franchise. At the end of August / beginning of September 1967, Robbie and real estate entrepreneur Willard H. Keland acquired the shares of Thomas, Decker and the Hamids. They came to a total of 89.8% that they held together. O'Neil continued to hold 8.5% and JM and EH Haggar 1.7%. After a dispute between Robbie and Keland, his shares (60%) were taken over on May 16, 1969 by Robbie and five other business people from Miami. They were H. Earl Smalley (Dextra Corporation), Harper Sibley Jr. (Western Union), Wilbur Morrison ( Pan Am ), Frank Callahan (Jenks Metal) and James McLamore (co-founder of Burger King ). On May 29, 1969, William Frates, Peter Fay, Robert Floyd and Ray Pearson were joined by four other law firm partners. While Robbie acted as general partner (liable partner), the others were only non-liable partners. In the same year Morris S. Burk (contractor) and Fred Gates became partners. When Don Shula was hired as head coach in 1970, he also received a share of the business. In 1971 O'Neil and Gates got out, but James L. Davis (McArthur Dairy Dairy) became partners. In 1973 there were major changes in the composition of the partners. Robbie remained General Partner with his South Florida Sports Corporation. Smalley, Sibley, Morrison and Burk left the franchise as partners.

By 1977 Robbie took over shares in other partners and thus owned more than 95% of the franchise. The remaining partners at this point were Frank Callahan, James Davis and a woman from Minneapolis. Robbie later also took over these shares.

Joseph Robbie died on January 7, 1990. The franchise was taken over by an estate administration. Joseph's son Tim Robbie became chairman of the trustees. On March 7, 1990, the entrepreneur H. Wayne Huizenga (video distributor " Blockbuster Video "; 1937-2018) acquired 50% of the stadium company and 15% of the franchise. The purchase price was given as 30 million (20 million stadium, 10 million Miami Dolphins). He also took on loans for $ 44 million. The Robbie family remained general partners. As a result, there were disputes within the family regarding the management of the franchise. Because of this and the high inheritance tax, the family finally decided to sell the team.

On January 24, 1994, Huizenga finally agreed with the Robbie family to purchase the franchise and the remaining stake in the stadium for $ 138 million. Since Huizenga also owned the Florida Marlins (MLB) and Florida Panthers (NFL) franchises , the NFL owners agreed to the purchase on March 23, 1994, on condition that the acquired shares be held in trust. The purchase was completed on June 28, 1994.

After the franchise performed poorly for the fourth season in a row in 2007, Huizenga lost interest in the team and put it up for sale. Stephen M. Ross (real estate entrepreneur The Related Companies ) was in discussion as a buyer . On February 22, 2008, the two agreed to purchase 50% of the team, the stadium and additional land for $ 550 million. Huizenga remained General Partner and Ross received the right to acquire a majority in the team. On March 31, 2008, approval was given by the NFL owners. On January 20, 2009, Ross acquired another 45% stake in the team and the stadium for an additional $ 550 million, becoming General Partner. Huizenga still held 5% of the team and the stadium and 50% of the land.

Later in 2009 Emilio and Gloria Estefan , Marc Anthony , Venus and Serena Williams and Fergie became minority shareholders as so-called "celebrity partners" in the franchise. The Estefans ended their participation in 2016. Huizinga has not been a partner since 2014.

From 2010 to 2015, Related Companies co-founder Jorge M. Pérez was a partner in the franchise. Bruce Beal (also from Related Companies) has been a partner in the franchise since 2016 and is considered the successor to Ross.

Minnesota Vikings

Minnesota Vikings
1959-1977	Winter, Boyer, Skoglund u. a.
1977-1985	Winter, Steele, Skoglund
1985-1991	Jacobs / Pohlad - Lynn u. a.
1991-1998	Headrick and nine others
1998-2005	Red McCombs
2005-	Zygmunt Wilf u. a.

Former owner of the Minneapolis Lakers basketball team, Max Winter, wanted to bring professional American football to Minneapolis. After the attempt to obtain a franchise for the NFL had failed, he joined the initiative of Lamar Hunt and was co-founder of the AFL together with E. William "Bill" Boyer as a representative of the Minneapolis region in August 1959. They also paid $ 25,000 for the franchise. Simultaneously with the award of a franchise to the Dallas Cowboys, the NFL decided in November 1959 another franchise for Minneapolis. On January 3, 1960, Winter and Boyer accepted the offer and returned the AFL franchise. The NFL franchise awarded on January 28, 1960 was $ 50,000 and $ 550,000 for players to be taken over by the other teams.

The first shareholders in the franchise were Bill Boyer (car dealer), HP Skoglund (insurance) and Max Winter of Minneapolis. Ole Haugsrud from Duluth had owned the Duluth Eskimos until 1927 and had given this franchise back to the NFL with the right to participate in a new franchise in Minnesota. The former subscribed for 20% of the voting shares and Haugsrud 10%. The publisher Bernhard H. Ridder Jr. (Northwest Publishing) took over 30% of the shares. There were also shareholders who were not entitled to vote.

On February 19, 1973, Bill Boyer died. His son-in-law Jack Steele took over the shares in the franchise as the administrator of the estate. On June 28, 1977, Ridder sold his voting shares in Winter and Skoglund for $ 3 million. At the end of 1977, the widow of Ole Haugsrud, who died in 1976, Margaret Haugsrud, sold her stake to Skoglund, Winter and Steele for $ 1.3 million. HP Skoglund died on November 5, 1977, his son John Skoglund took over his shares. From the beginning of 1978 Skoglund, Winter and Steele were shareholders.

In October 1985, Max Winter announced that he would sell his shares in Irwin L. Jacobs ("corporate reorganizer "), Carl Pohlad (banker and investor) and Fran Tarkenton (former NFL quarterback) for $ 25 million. The co-owners Skoglund and Steele, as well as the general manager Mike Lynn, sued this sale. At that time, Winter, Skoglund and Steele each controlled 200 shares of the total of 600 voting shares. Of the 1,150 non-voting shares, Winter owned 600, Skoglund 228, David J. Weiner 119, Dale L. Quist 100, Susan Johnson, Gayle V. Teinter and Gary Pidgeon each owned 33 1/3 and Mabel C. Crane 3. These represented 1,750 shares Holding Viking II, which owned 96% of the team and the “Winter Park” training ground. In addition, real estate entrepreneur Don McNeely had 150 shares, which meant 4% of the team. On July 17, 1986, the NFL owners agreed to sell Winters' shares. In September 1986 Pohlad / Jacobs (PJ Acquisition Corporation) acquired 87 shares of Weiner, so that at that time they owned 50.39%. On April 17, 1987, the Minnesota Supreme Court held the sale of Winters' shares lawful. However, the legal proceedings for control of the Vikings between Pohlad and especially Jacobs and Lynn continued for three years.

On May 30, 1987 it was announced that Mike Lynn, together with businessmen Wheelock Whitney and Jaye Dyer, had acquired approximately 80% of the shares from Bill Boyer's legacy for $ 20 million. To further improve his position against the Jacobs and Pohlad, Lynn allied with James Binger (President of Honeywell ) and N. Bud Grossman (clearing company Gelco) in July 1988 . On August 21, 1988, he managed to alliance with Skoglund and his sister Carol Sperry. This gave this alliance 2/3 of the voting rights even though Jacobs and Pohlad owned a slim majority of the shares. In August 1990, NFL commissioner Paul Tagliabue intervened as a mediator in the conflict. In October 1990, Mike Lynn was named president of the World League of American Football , giving up his post with the Vikings. Former Pillsbury manager Roger Headrick became the new president and chief executive officer on January 1, 1991 . On December 16, 1991, the dispute finally ended with the sale of the shares in Jacobs and Pohlad for $ 50 million to a group of ten around Lynn. At the end of February 1992 Lynn sold his 10% stake to the other co-owners. In 1993 investment banker James R. Jundt took part in the franchise. Equal owners were now Roger Headrick, Phillip Maas (son-in-law of Bill Boyer), John Skoglund, Carol Sperry, Wheelock Whitney, Jaye Dyer, James Binger, James R. Jundt, N. Bud Grossman and Elizabeth Mc Millan.

This structure with ten equal owners did not meet the regulations of the NFL. This therefore urged a change in the ownership structure. At least one owner should own 30%. Finally, in late October 1997, the owners agreed to sell the franchise. Corresponding offers had to be submitted by June 30, 1998. Red McCombs, born in 1927 (owner of a car retail chain, media group, formal owner of other sports franchises) was finally awarded the contract for a purchase price of $ 205 million and the assumption of loans totaling $ 40 million. He prevailed against three other bidders. He owned 96% of the franchise, 4% continued to be held by Don McNeely. On July 27, 1998, the NFL owners agreed to the purchase.

As of May 2002, McCombs, frustrated by the lack of support in building a new station, put the franchise up for sale. In February 2005, entrepreneur Reggie Fowler , financially supported by Zygmunt Wilf, David Mandelbaum and Alan Landis, submitted a $ 625 million offer. After doubts arose about Fowler's financial situation, Wilf joined the offer as general partner in early May 2005. On May 25, 2005, the NFL owners approved the offer. Zygmunt Wilf, his brother Mark Wilf and his cousin Leonard Wilf are mainly active in the real estate industry (housing estates, shopping centers, garden homes ). Landis and Mandelbaum are friendly business partners in the real estate industry. Fowler has not been involved in the franchise since 2014. Alan Landis (born 1942) died in 2018, his shares were taken over by his son Scott Landis.

New England Patriots

Boston Patriots New England Patriots
1959-1976	Bill Sullivan et al. a.
1976-1988	Bill Sullivan
1988-1992	Victor Kiam / Fran Murray
1992-1994	James Orthwein
1994-	Robert Kraft

The newly founded AFL awarded its eighth franchise to a consortium from Boston on November 16, 1959. The franchise cost $ 25,000. The consortium has been approved by entrepreneurs and sports journalist William "Bill" H. Sullivan Jr. cited. The other members were Massachusetts businessmen Edward McMann, Daniel F. Marr, Joseph E. Sullivan, George Sargent, John Ames, L. Edgar Turner, Paul Sonnabend, Dom DiMaggio, and Dean Boylan. Each subscribed 10,000 of the 100,000 shares. Furthermore, from April 2, 1960, 120,000 non-voting shares were offered for purchase. In 1961 Ames sold its stake in Forrester A. Clark. In 1962 Sargent died and his wife Hester took over the share for their son Lee. In 1965 Philip Turner took over the shares from his father. On August 11, 1966, New York investment bankers Robert Wetenhall and David McConnell (founder's grandson of Avon ) bought the shares in DiMaggio and Boylan for $ 500,000. On March 1, 1967, there were further changes. McMann sold his stake to the Sullivans, Marr, and Sargent; Clark, Turner, and Saturday jointly sold an additional 5,000 shares to these four. This should prevent a takeover by Wetenhall and McConnell. By mid-June 1967 McConnell and Wetenhall acquired another 13% from Clark and Turner. Daniel F. Marr Jr. and his brother Bob Marr took over the administration of the estate after their father died in 1969. In 1972 Joseph E. Sullivan died and his shares were taken over by his daughter Mary H. Sullivan.

In the period that followed, there were conflicts, in particular between McConnell / Wetenhall and Sullivan, over the direction of the franchise and control of the team. Two camps formed on the Patriots' board of directors - on the one hand McConnell / Wetenhall, who mainly worked with the brothers Marr, Clark and Turner, and Sullivan, who established a connection with his cousin Mary and the Sargents. In April 1974, Sullivan was voted out of office. In May 1974, Sullivan owned 23,718 shares, or 23.72%, and plans to purchase 26,426 shares from his cousin Mary H. Sullivan, from Hester Sargent, and from the estate of George Sargent. McConnell and Wetenhall went to court against this purchase offer. On October 6, 1975, McConnell / Wetenhall agreed to acquire their shares of around 34%. This allowed Sullivan to increase his control from around 24% to 85%. For these purchases made on November 7, 1975, he paid approximately $ 8 million.

The following year, he acquired all of the other outstanding voting shares. As part of the financial restructuring of the franchise in the fall of 1976, the 139,000 non-voting shares were repurchased from the 2,500 owners for $ 15 per share. A total of around $ 3 million was spent on this. This offer was rated as too low. The Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled in May 1986 final in favor of the plaintiffs, who were compensated accordingly with the 1988 sale.

After the Sullivan family had made a loss of 18 million dollars with the marketing of Michael Jackson's Victory Tour in 1984 and the franchise also failed to make a profit, the Patriots were offered for sale from August 1985 with the help of Goldman Sachs . Several people applied for the franchise, including Robert K. Kraft, Donald Trump , Drew Lewis and Reebok owner Paul Fireman . On October 5, 1988, Victor Kiam II ( Remington ) acquired the New England Patriots for 85 million dollars after lengthy negotiations and approval of the NFL owners. Kiam held 51% and Fran Murray 49% of the shares. Murray had given Sullivan a transition loan in 1986, giving him a right of first refusal on the franchise. On October 4, 1991, Murray contractually offered his stake in Kiam for $ 38 million. However, he could not pay. Finally, on May 11, 1992, he sold his stake in James Busch Orthwein (brewing company Anheuser-Busch ) for around $ 106.5 million, including Kiam's payment to Murray. Orthwein agreed with Murray that they would jointly aim for a franchise in St. Louis and look for a new owner for the Patriots.

On February 25, 1994, Robert Kraft bought the franchise for $ 172 million. In addition to Robert Kraft, his son Jonathan A. Kraft also owns shares in the franchise.

New Orleans Saints

New Orleans Saints
1966-1980	John W. Mecom Jr. et al. a.
1980-1985	John W. Mecom Jr.
1985-2018	Tom Benson et al. a.
2018-	Gayle Benson et al. a.

The NFL awarded another franchise from the 1967 game year. Several cities applied for this. On November 1, 1966, the contract for New Orleans was awarded. Six investor groups led by William G. Helis Jr., Herman Lay, John W. Mecom Jr. , Louis J. Roussel Jr., Jack Sanders, and Edgar B. Stern Jr. submitted offers for this franchise . Finally, on December 15, 1966, the consortium led by Mecom Jr., son of an oil industrialist, won the bid for $ 8.5 million.

The consortium, constructed as a limited partnership , consisted of the following partners with voting rights from mid-1968 in addition to Mecom Jr., Henry Zac Carter (Avondale Shipyards), Alvin Griesedieck Jr. (Falstaff Brewing), Al Hirt (musician), Sam Israel Jr. (coffee importer), Walter McIllhenny (Tabasco Foods), John W. Mecom Sr., Robert M. Monsted (Grocer), Edward B. Poitevent (Attorney), George G. Westfeldt (Coffee Importer) and Roger Wilson (Contractor). In addition, non-voting investors were ZW Bartlett, Joseph Bernstein, Joseph B. David (Printing), CC Dejoie Jr. (Publisher), Hugh M. Evans Sr. (Retail), Norman Francis (Educator), Richard L. Hindermann, Moreau Jumonville , Sinclair Kouns, Lawrence A. Merrigan (banker), J. Douglas Nesom (banker), Charles Rosen II (attorney), RO Rush (insurance) and William H. Wright Jr. (insurance).

In September 1970, the New England Patriots co-owners, investment bankers David H. McConnell and Robert C. Wetenhall, tried to acquire 23% of the shares in Mecom. However, the business failed. In the following period there were further offers to buy from Mecom. By 1979/1980, Mecom Jr. and his family had acquired almost all of the other owners' shares. Only Alvin Griesedieck jr. still held 2%.

In March 1984, 56-year-old automobile dealer Tom Benson announced his intention to buy. On March 12, 1985, Mecom announced the sale of Mecom's shares in the franchise for $ 64 million to the consortium led by Tom Benson. Benson himself earned 21% for himself and 10% for his children. Other shareholders are Stanley Rosenberg (lawyer and friend of Bensons) and Elisabeth Barnes with 10% each; JW Allen, Cone J. Wells, Frank Sitterle, Karl Singer and Fred Schneider with 5% each, one group with 5%, one group with 2% and two other groups that took over the remaining shares. The purchase took place on May 31, 1985.

In the following years Benson bought shares of the minority owners.

From 2000 Tom Benson began to build up his granddaughter Rita Benson LeBlanc as his successor. In 2012, however, the relationship broke up. After the daughter Renee as well as Rita and grandson Ryan intrigued against Tom and his third wife Gayle, he appointed them as his successor in 2015. Benson passed away on March 15, 2018 at the age of 90. His widow, Gayle Benson, succeeded him.

New York Giants

New York Giants
1925-1930	Tim Mara
1930-1965	Jack Mara / Wellington Mara
1965-1991	Wellington Mara / Timothy Mara
1991-2005	Wellington Mara / Robert table
2005-	John K. Mara / Steve Tisch

NFL commissioner Joseph Carr was looking for a football team in New York City for the 1925 season. The previous owner of such a team, Billy Gibson , referred him to bookmaker Timothy James "Tim" Mara . He saw his chance and bought the NFL franchise for $ 500.

In 1930 he transferred the team to his sons John T. "Jack" (22) and Wellington T. (14) for liability reasons . In 1932 Jack took over the presidency and from 1938 Wellington the position of managing director. During the war Tim Mara was in charge of the team, while the sons did military service.

Tim Mara died in 1959. On Jun 29, 1965, Jack Mara died of cancer at the age of 57. His share of the Giants inherited from his wife Helen, son Timothy John Mara and daughter Maura, married Concannon. Wellington assumed the presidency of the franchise and Timothy rose as vice president and treasurer.

As a result, there were arguments between Wellington and his nephew Timothy. This culminated in 1979 in the failed search for a general manager . Since then, at the latest, the relationship between the two has been shattered.

In the late 1980s, Timothy Mara developed cancer. On February 21, 1991, the sale of the 50% stake held by Tim Mara, Helen Mara and Maura Mara Concannon to Robert Tisch was announced. The former postmaster general and president of the conglomerate Loews Corporation had previously tried to buy the New England Patriots or the Dallas Cowboys. The purchase price was estimated at $ 75 million.

Wellington Mara died on October 25, 2005 and Bob Tisch died on November 15, 2005 at the age of 79. Wellington's son John K. Mara assumed the presidency and the position of CEO of the franchise and his brother Chris Mara serves as senior vice president. Bob Tisch's sons also took on responsibilities in the franchise. Steve Tisch is the Chairman and Jonathan is the Treasurer.

New York Jets

New York Jets
1959-1963	Harry Wismer
1963-1968	Werblin, Hess, Iselin, Lillis, Martin
1968-1977	Hess, Dillon, Iselin, Martin
1977-1984	Leon Hess et al. a.
1984-1999	Leon Hess
2000-	Robert W. Johnson IV
2017-	Christopher Johnson (deputy)

The sports reporter and partner in the Redskins Harry Wismer was one of the founders of the AFL. For the New York-based franchise, he paid the agreed amount of $ 25,000. The textile entrepreneur Joseph P. Arcuni became the minority owner. Fred Cresente and Dan O'Shaugnessy were later co-owners with 10% each. At the end of October 1962, the franchise ran into financial problems, so Wismer had to offer it for sale. On November 8, 1962, the AFL took over the franchise. At the beginning of February 1963 Wismer opened the bankruptcy proceedings. Finally, on March 15, 1963, the franchise was sold to Gotham Football Club for $ 1 million. Owners were David "Sonny" Werblin (manager of the Music Corporation of America ) and the racecourse owner and entrepreneur Donald C. Lillis (investment banker), Townsend P. Martin, Leon Hess (gas stations, refineries Hess Corporation ) and Philip H. Iselin (fashion company Korell ).

In the course of time there were differences between Werblin and his co-owners. On May 21, 1968, Werblin sold them his shares. He received $ 2 million for his 23 1/3% stake. Donald C. Lillis died on July 23, 1968. His shares took over his daughter Helen Springborn, from 1975 married Dillon. Philip H. Iselin died on December 28, 1976. In the following spring, Hess acquired the shares in Iselin from his widow.

Disappointed with the development of the team, Townsend P. Martin sold his stake to Hess on March 2, 1981 for $ 10 million. In February 1984 Hess finally acquired the shares from Helen Dillon and became the sole owner.

Leon Hess died on May 7, 1999 at the age of 85. With the help of Goldman & Sachs, the heirs of Hess offered the franchise for purchase. On January 12, 2000, Robert Wood Johnson IV ( Johnson & Johnson chemicals company ) acquired the franchise for $ 635 million. Following the inauguration of President Donald Trump, Robert W. Johnson was appointed United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom in June 2017 and took office on August 21, 2017. Thereupon he handed over the responsibility for the franchise as "acting owner" in trust to his younger brother Christopher Wold Johnson.

Philadelphia Eagles

Philadelphia Eagles
1933-1936	Bert Bell and Lud Wray
1936-1940	Bert Bell
1941-1949	Alexis Thompson
1949-1964	James P. Clark et al. (Happy Hundred)
1964-1969	Jerry Wolman, Earl Foreman
1969-1985	Leonard Tose et al. a.
1985-1994	Norman Braman
1994-	Jeff Lurie

The football-loving hotel employee Bert Bell and former coach of the University of Pennsylvania football team "Quakers" and the Boston Braves Lud Wray took over the Frankfort Yellow Jackets franchise in 1933 . The two managed to find several investors for the $ 2,500 for the franchise and a $ 11,000 loan to the Packers, Bears and Giants. By 1936 the team had lost $ 80,000. Bell therefore bought the entire team at auction for $ 4,000.

On December 9, 1940, the owner of the Pittsburgh Steelers Art Rooney sold his team to the millionaire son Alexis Thompson . With the proceeds of the sale, Rooney acquired 50% of the shares in the Philadelphia Eagles for $ 80,000 . It was planned that Thompson would move the Ironman to Boston after the 1941 season, while the Eagles should play as the Pennsylvania Keystoners in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. The owner of the Washington Redskins contradicted this plan. The solution was finally agreed on April 2, 1941 that Thompson would move to Philadelphia with his Ironman and henceforth played as the Philadelphia Eagles, while Bell and Rooney moved with the Eagles to Pittsburgh and renamed the Eagles Pittsburgh Steelers.

In early January 1949, Thompson announced the sale of the Eagles. For the price of 250,000 dollars, "Eagles Sports Inc." finally acquired the team. The company was owned by 100 business people (Happy Hundred) from Philadelphia who each paid $ 3,000 for the purchase price and $ 50,000 as an initial investment. The consortium was led by James P. Clark, a freight forwarder, and Frank McNamee, a cinema entrepreneur. On January 30, 1953, Clark resigned as President of the Eagles and McNamee took over the running of the franchise. Clark died on April 17, 1962. In March 1963 of the 100 shares, nine were owned by the franchise, eleven owned by the Clark Estate Administration, and the remaining 80 shares were shared among 65 owners. In April 1963, the shareholders decided to sell the franchise for at least $ 4.5 million. On December 6, 1963, the real estate entrepreneur Jerry Wolman's offer for $ 5,505,500 was finally accepted . Wolman took over the team on February 3, 1964: he himself held 52% and his lawyer Earl. M. Foreman 48% In 1967 Wolman got into economic difficulties and first had to use the Eagles as collateral for a loan and was finally forced by the bankruptcy judge to sell the franchise in November 1968. Freight forwarder Leonard Tose made the highest bid with $ 16,055,000. On March 19, 1969, the contract required by the court was signed. In early May 1969 the purchase was completed and Tose became the owner. Leonard Tose was already one of the "Happy Hundred" and had already made an offer to buy the Eagles in 1956. For the purchase he took out a bank loan for $ 10.5 million and cooperated with other investors. Subsequently, he founded a limited partnership, in which he appeared as a liable partner. Tose himself held 60%, the real estate entrepreneur Herbert Barness 29%, John Firestone 5% and another investor 6%. Since he was in arrears with the interest payments to the bank, the bank appointed a receiver in early August 1977. Shortly afterwards, Tose found a bank with which he could redeem the existing loans and pay off the co-owners. With that he took full control of the franchise. He later involved the general manager Jim Murray, who had resigned in 1983, with one percent of the team. In early 1985, the alcoholic and gambling addict Tose was forced to sell the team due to his gambling debts.

On March 7, 1985, Tose agreed with the car dealers Norman Braman and his brother-in-law Ed Leibowitz to sell the franchise for $ 65 million. On April 22, 1985, the NFL owners approved the purchase, with Braman taking 65% and Leibowitz 35% of the franchise on April 29. In July 1986 Braman acquired Leibowitz's stake.

In early March 1994, Braman, who was no longer interested in the franchise, received an offer to buy from the film producer Jeffrey Lurie. Lurie had previously tried unsuccessfully to acquire other teams. Approval from the other NFL owners for the $ 185 million purchase agreed in early April 1994 was granted on April 27, 1994. On May 16, 1994 Lurie took over the team.

Pittsburgh Steelers

Pittsburgh Pirates Pittsburgh Steelers
1933-1940	Kind Rooney
1941-1946	Art Rooney, Bert Bell
1946-1953	Art Rooney, Barney McGinley
1953-1988	Art Rooney, McGinley's children
1988-2008	Rooney's children, McGinley's children
2008-2017	Dan Rooney et al. a.
2017-	Art Rooney II u. a.

On July 8, 1933, the football team founded as Pittsburgh Pirates received an NFL franchise from Arthur "Art" Joseph Rooney . The usual amount of $ 2,500 had to be paid for this. Due to the unsuccessfulness and the high financial loss, Rooney decided on December 9, 1940 to sell to the Boston steel industrialist Alexis Thompson for $ 150,000-160,000. This renamed the team in Ironman and intended to move the franchise to Boston. The owner of the Washington Redskins appealed against this move. Finally, on April 2, 1941, Thompson agreed with Bert Bell, who by then had Art Rooney stake in his Philadelphia Eagles, that the two swap franchises and teams. Thompson moved to Philadelphia with the Ironman and played from then on as Eagles, while Bell and Rooney moved with the Eagles to Pittsburgh and competed again as Steelers.

On January 11, 1946, Bert Bell was elected commissioner of the NFL. He sold his shares back to Rooney. Rooney's business partner, boxing promoter Barney McGinley, took over 42% of the shares . McGinley died on December 22, 1953. The shares were taken over by his heirs (wife Katherine and children Rita, Mary Ann, John "Jack" [1920-2006] and William). Jack McGinley was also Art Rooney's brother-in-law. Barney's widow died in 1961 and William Barney died in 1965. His stake was sold back to the team by his heirs. At that point, Art Rooney controlled 68% and the McGinley family controlled 32%. After Mary Ann McGinley's death, her stake was also sold to the Rooney family. Art Rooney thus controlled 79%.

In 1975 Art Rooney's son, Dan Rooney (1932-2017) took over the presidency of the franchise. Art Rooney remained chairman of the board. Art Rooney Sr. died on August 25, 1988. The 79% interest was split equally between Art Sr.'s five sons (Art Jr, Dan, John, Patrick and Timothy). So everyone received 15.8%.

From the mid-2000s, split ownership (none of the shareholders controlled more than 15.8%) became a threat to the franchise due to the risk of hostile takeover. The Rooney family also ran horse racing tracks with gaming machines. This was banned under NFL resolutions. Dan Rooney therefore began to negotiate with his siblings about a restructuring and repurchase of the shares. The main problem was the value of the franchise and the funding needed to pay off the brothers. On December 18, 2008, the NFL owners agreed to the reorganization. The brothers Art Jr. and John each sold 7.9% of their shares and Patrick and Timothy all of their shares. The McGinleys also gave up a small part of their shares. At the same time Dan Rooney and Art Rooney II (son of Dan Rooney) acquired at least 30% of the shares. Dan Rooney was given 10 years to pay off the brothers.

In order to finance this purchase, Rooney also involved other investors as non-voting partners in the franchise as part of a limited partnership . In 2008/2009, James Haslam III (service stations), Thomas Tull (film producer), the Paul family (steel industry), Bruce V. Rauner (investment company), John Stallworth , the Varischetti family, Rob Citrone (investment company) and Paul Evanson took over ( Allegheny Energy ), Paul Sams ( Blizzard ), Benjamin Statler (coal industry), David Tepper (investment company) and Mike Wilkins (investment company) shares. In 2012 Haslam sold his shares after acquiring the Cleveland Browns. Its shares were acquired in 2013 by Scott and Ross Swank. In 2018 David Tepper took over the Carolina Panthers and therefore sold his shares back.

Dan's brothers Art Rooney Jr. and John Rooney also own shares in the franchise. Patrick Rooney's son, Brian, owns this branch of the family. Of the McGinley family, Rita McGinley held her shares until her death in 2013. After his death in 2006, her brother Jack McGinley's shares were initially held by his sons Michael "Mike" McGinley, James "Jim" McGinley and Jack McGinley. The latter is now represented in the owner group alone as a representative of the McGinley family.

Dan Rooney died in 2017. The shares held by him went to Art Rooney II and his son Dan Rooney Jr.

San Francisco 49ers

San Francisco 49ers
1944-1957	Tony and Victor Morabito
1957-1964	Josephine Morabito, Victor Morabito u. a.
1964-1977	Josephine Morabito, Jane Morabito
1977-2000	Edward J. DeBartolo Jr.
2000-	Denise DeBartolo York, John York

The owner of a timber haulage company in San Francisco Anthony J. Morabito (1910-1957) supported by lawyer and former football player Albert "Al" J. Ruffio attempted to acquire a franchise for the NFL in early January 1944. However, this request was rejected by the NFL owners. He then took part in the founding of the All-American Football Conference on September 2, 1944. For the franchise in San Francisco, he was able to win Allan E. Sorrell (his business partner in the timber transport company) and the Phoenix-based contractor Ernest J. Turre. The franchise was $ 250,000. After the first season was a financial loss, Tony Morabito and his brother Victor P. Morabito paid Sorrell and Turre off. Victor Morabito (1919–1964) then owned a 25% stake.

In 1952 Tony Morabito was advised to sell the 49ers due to health problems (heart attack). However, no contract was concluded. As a result, other people associated with the team participated in the company. By 1955, Al Ruffio (10%), William O'Grady (5%, team doctor), Lawrence Purcell (5%, insurance broker) and Franklin Mieuli (10%, team's advertising advisor ) had acquired shares in Tony Morabito. By October 1957, another 5% was taken over by James A. Ginella. On October 27, 1957 Tony Morabito died while playing against the Chicago Bears. His widow Josephine V. Morabito (1911-1995) inherited his 40% stake. On January 15, 1958, another 5% was sold to the trainer Frankie Albert and to the general manager Louis G. Spadia.

On May 10, 1964, Victor Morabito also died of a heart attack. His widow Elizabeth Jane Morabito and son Richard inherited the shares in the franchise. Since then, Spadia has been running the team on behalf of the Morabito widows.

From the beginning of 1976 discussions were held with various interested parties about selling the team. On March 16, 1977 the purchase of 90% of the franchise by real estate entrepreneur Edward J. DeBartolo Jr. (* 1946) for $ 16.5 million was announced. The business was financed by the father and company founder Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. Jane Morabito and Franklin Mieuli each owned 5% of the shares.

In 1997 Edward DeBartolo got involved in the criminal investigation against Edwin Edwards , and was convicted in 1998 in this context. He therefore gave control of the franchise to his sister Denise DeBartolo York (* 1951) on December 2, 1997 . Immediately after this announcement, there were differences between the siblings regarding the shares in the real estate company and thus also in the franchise. On March 19, 2000, the siblings finally came to an agreement and Denise DeBartolo took over the shares in the San Francisco 49ers. She and her husband have been running the franchise ever since. Her son Jed York was president of the franchise from 2008 to 2012 and has been chief executive officer since then.

In 2010 the franchise bought back Richard Morabito's stake. At the end of 2011 / beginning of 2012, Mark Wan (co-owner of the Boston Celtics) and then President Gideon Yu each acquired 1% of the franchise. The share of Franklin Mieuli, who died in 2010, is held in trust by his son Peter Mieuli. Legal disputes are being conducted regarding the purchase of this share by the franchise or the use of any owner rights.

Real estate entrepreneur John M. Sobrato has also been a minority owner since at least 2014.

Seattle Seahawks

Seattle Seahawks
1975-1988	Family Nordstrom u. a.
1988-1996	Kenneth E. Behring, Ken Hoffmann
1996-2018	Paul Allen
2018-	Paul G. Allen Trust (Jody Allen)

As part of the merger of the AFL with the NFL in 1966, it had been agreed to expand the league to 28 teams after 1970. Seattle has been in the spotlight as a place for a franchise from the start. Under the name "Seattle Professional Football Inc." In 1972 the entrepreneur and owner of a basketball team, Herman Sarkowsky, and the shipowner Ned Skinner began their application campaign for the franchise. On December 5, 1974, the company was awarded the franchise for $ 16 million. As the main owner with a 51% share in the franchise, the owner of shoe stores Lloyd W. Nordstrom acted on behalf of the family. Other shareholders were Sarkowsky, Skinner, Howard S. Wright, Lynn Himmelmann and M. Lamont Bean. In relation to the other shareholders, the Nordstrom family has two votes, while each of the other shareholders has one vote.

On January 20, 1976, before the team could start playing for the 1976 season, Nordstrom died. His brother Elmer J. Nordstrom (1904-1993) took over the management of the share on behalf of the family and acted as the main owner. After losing two game seasons, the Nordstrom family intended to sell their shares to the other co-owners in early 1982. In March 1982, however, it resigned from these intentions, although four of the five shareholders had already given their consent. At the end of 1982, Elmer's son John Nordstrom took over the role of representative of the family and franchise owner. From the end of February 1986 plans for the sale of the franchise by the Nordstrom family again became known. In particular, influencing the family-run clothing chain through the development of the Seattle Seahawks led to this decision. The purchase offers became concrete in the spring and summer of 1988. In July 1988, therefore, Nordstrom acquired the shares of the minority owners for $ 35 million.

On August 27, 1988, the California real estate entrepreneur Kenneth E. Behring (1928-2019) agreed with the Nordstrom family to purchase the franchise for $ 80 million. One of the reasons for the award was Behring's promise that the Seahawks would play in Seattle until at least 2005. Immediately after the purchase, 75% of the franchise went to Behring and 25% to real estate entrepreneur Ken Hoffmann (1923–2018). On October 5, 1988, the NFL owners gave their approval.

After Behring's request to renovate the Kingdome Stadium , on the other hand, he would move with the franchise, in 1995 Seattle-based Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen announced an interest in buying the franchise. In April 1996, Allen negotiated a deal to purchase the franchise for $ 194 million. The prerequisite for the offer, which was valid until July 1, 1997, was, among other things, the termination of the lease agreement with King County for the Kingdome in 1999 instead of 2005 and the construction of a new stadium.

Paul Allen passed away on October 15, 2018. His fortune was transferred to the Paul G. Allen Trust. These trust assets include Vulcan Inc. as the holding company for the various activities of the Allen family. The Seattle Seahawks are also subsidiaries of Vulcan Inc. The trustee is the sister Jody Allen. In this role, she is Chair of the Seattle Seahawks.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1974-1994	Hugh Culverhouse
1994-2014	Malcolm Glazer
2014-	Malcolm Glazer's heirs

As part of the merger of the AFL with the NFL in 1966, it had been agreed to expand the league to 28 teams after 1970. The planning that began in the early 1970s took shape in 1973 when an interest group was formed in the Tampa Bay Area metropolitan area for a new team that wanted to play their games at Tampa Stadium . First, attempts were made to recruit the Buffalo Bills or the New England Patriots due to their inadequate stadiums. These attempts failed. On October 30, 1974, New York contractor Thomas McCloskey was awarded the $ 16 million franchise. Due to differences with the NFL, however, McCloskey got out of business and the franchise was awarded on December 5, 1974 to Jacksonville-based lawyer and real estate entrepreneur Hugh Culverhouse (1919-1994). He had already agreed to buy the Los Angeles Rams for 17 million with Dan Reeves in 1972 , but Reeves heirs then sold the franchise to Robert Irsay . In an out-of-court settlement, Culverhouse was guaranteed the acquisition of an NFL franchise.

From 1990 Culverhouse passed the business on to his children Gay and Hugh Jr., as well as his business partner Stephen F. Story. As a result of his lung cancer , a board of trustees was set up in January 1994 to manage the franchise. Culverhouse died on August 25, 1994. Initially, the estate administrators announced that the approximately $ 142 million team was not for sale. The team's poor season result led to a change of opinion among the estate administrators and heirs. There were then several applications to take over the franchise. Finally, they accepted on January 16, 1995, the financial investor and owner of the holding company First Allied Corporation Malcolm Glazer (1928-2014) for $ 175 million. Additional bonuses have also been agreed. An additional $ 10 million would be paid if the stadium was renovated, $ 17 million if a new stadium was built, and $ 35 million if the franchise moved to another venue. Glazer had already sought a franchise for Baltimore in the early 1990s, but at that time Charlotte and Jacksonville were preferred.

Malcolm Glazer died on May 28, 2014 at the age of 85. Since then the franchise has been jointly owned by Malcolm's sons, Bryan (* 1964); Edward (* 1969) and Joel (* 1970) were co- chairmen . Daughter Darcie Glazer Kassewitz is also a co-owner and is president of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers Foundation and the Glazer Family Foundation.

Tennessee Titans

Houston Oilers Tennessee Titans
1959-2013	Bud Adams
2013-	Adam's Heirs (Amy Strunk)

Bud Adams , who made a fortune in the oil industry, was one of the eight founders of the American Football League in 1959 . To purchase the $ 25,000 franchise, he organized a circle of 30 business people in Houston. The team later became a subsidiary of the KSA Industries holding company, in which Adams held all shares.

Bud Adams died on October 21, 2013. The shares in KSA Industries and thus in the franchise were between the two daughters and the widow and children (Kenneth Adams IV, Barclay Adams and Susan Lewis) of their son Kenneth Adams III, who died in 1987. thirds. His daughter Susie Adams Smith first appeared as the owner. In March 2015, she was replaced by her sister Amy Adams Strunk , as Susie Smith wanted to concentrate on her other business. Both are co-chairmen of the franchise. In August 2017 it was announced that Susie Smith's stake was for sale.

Washington Redskins

Washington Redskins
1932-1969	George Preston Marshall et al. a.
1969-1974	Marshall's heirs & a.
1974-1997	Jack Kent Cooke
1997-1999	Cooke's heirs
1999-	Dan Snyder et al. a.

In 1932, laundry chain owner George Preston Marshall (1896-1969), automobile manufacturer Vincent Bendix , investment banker Jay O'Brien and stockbroker Dorland Doyle acquired an NFL franchise for Boston. Since the league was looking for teams at that time, no franchise fee had to be paid. Each of those involved invested $ 7,500 as start-up capital. With the team losing $ 46,000 in the first year, Bendix, O'Brien and Doyle dropped out. Marshall was now the sole owner. The team was called Pro Football, Inc. The shares were split into 1,000 shares. Later the attorney C. Leo DeOrsay (Vice President, President 1963-1965) took part in the team with around 38% and Milton W. King with 5%. Both then became vice-presidents. Marshall himself still held 57%.

1950 the radio presenter Harry Wismer acquired 25% of the shares in the Redskins from DeOrsay. After Wismer had fallen out with Marshall and had founded the Titans of New York in the AFL in 1960, he had to sell his shares.

In the early 1960s, Marshall's health deteriorated and it became necessary to transfer the leadership of the team to more hands. In return, these people received corresponding shares in the team. In 1961, media and sports entrepreneur Jack Kent Cooke and lawyer William Shea therefore took a 25% stake (250 shares) for $ 510,000 in the team. Shea later ceded his stake in Cooke. In 1962 the lawyer Edward Bennett Williams acquired 5% (president from 1965). In 1969 the widow of DeOrsay, who died in 1965, sold the remaining 13% to the team. Vince Lombardi acquired 5% of this share in 1969. These shares reverted to the team after his death in 1970.

In 1972/74, the 520 shares still owned by the Marshall heirs were bought back by the team for $ 8.7 million. Thus Cooke with his 250 shares and Williams and King with 5% each (50 shares) had a stake ratio of 72% to 14% each.

As a result, Cooke acquired the still freely available shares and was sole owner from 1985. Cooke died on April 6, 1997 at the age of 84. Initially, the shares in the Redskins were held by the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation. Originally, a group of investors led by real estate agents Edward and Howard Milstein and marketing entrepreneur Daniel Snyder were awarded the contract for the franchise. In early April 1999, however, the NFL team owners refused to approve the purchase, so the Milsteins withdrew from the purchase. Dan Snyder, now acting as the main owner, found new investors in the media entrepreneurs Mortimer Zuckerman and Fred Drasner, who helped finance the purchase for 800 million dollars. On May 25, 1999, the NFL owners agreed to the sale. Other shareholders were or are his sister Michele and his father Gerry, who died in 2002. Zuckerman sold his shares at the end of 1999. In 2003 Drasner sold its 20% stake to Frederick W. Smith (Chairman of FedEx ), Dwight Schar (real estate) and Robert Rothman (financial investor).

Web links

General

• SI Staff: NFL Owners Guide: How owners made their fortune. Retrieved February 26, 2020 (American English). 
• Handicapping all 32 NFL owners for a Chargers move. September 11, 2015, accessed March 26, 2020 (American English). 
• Mike Ozanian: The NFL's Most Valuable Teams 2019: Cowboys Lead League At $ 5.5 Billion. Accessed April 3, 2020 (English). 
• NFL Team History | Sports team history. January 16, 2017. Retrieved May 19, 2020 (American English). 
• Constitution and Bylaws of the National Football League (as of 2006). (PDF) Retrieved May 19, 2020 . 
• Jon Wertheim: NFL Succession: The Family Ownership Dramas That Roil the NFL. Retrieved May 19, 2020 (American English). 

Cleveland Browns

• CLEVELAND BROWNS. November 20, 2019, accessed on May 19, 2020 . 

Chicago Bears

• History of Chicago Bears Football Club, Inc. - FundingUniverse. Retrieved May 19, 2020 . 

Detroit Lions

• History of The Detroit Lions, Inc. - FundingUniverse. Retrieved May 19, 2020 . 
• Lions football: It's serious biz. November 25, 2012, accessed May 19, 2020 . 

Green Bay Packers

• Green Bay Packers Shareholders. Retrieved May 19, 2020 . 

Miami Dolphins

• 2019 | Miami Dolphins Communications Portal. Retrieved May 19, 2020 (American English).  </ref> - Media Guides 1966-2019

New England Patriots

• Glenn Stout, Richard A. Johnson: The Pats: An Illustrated History of the New England Patriots . Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2018, ISBN 978-1-328-91740-9 .

New Orleans Saints

• Media guides 1967-2019

literature

• RD Griffith: To the NFL: You Sure Started Somethin 'A Historical Guide of All 32 NFL Teams and the Cities They've Played In . Dorrance Publishing, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4349-1681-5 .
• James Quirk, Rodney D. Fort: Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports . Princeton University Press, 1997, ISBN 978-2-9505164-7-3 (English).
• Frank P. Jozsa Jr .: National Football League Strategies: Business Expansions, Relocations, and Mergers . Springer, 2014, ISBN 978-3-319-05704-0 .
• Media guides for the NFL franchises

Individual evidence

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283. ↑ ^{a b} 3 April 1941, 16 - Pottsville Republican at Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 12, 2020 (English). 
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315. ↑ 3 May 1933, Page 27 - The Pittsburgh Press at Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 15, 2020 . 
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320. ↑ 22 Dec 1953, Page 14 - The Daily Notes at Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 15, 2020 . 
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328. ↑ Browns owner Haslam sells stock in Steelers. Retrieved May 18, 2020 . 
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332. ^ Dec. 4, 1946, 24 - The San Francisco Examiner at Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 7, 2020 . 
333. ↑ RD Griffith: To the NFL: You Sure Started Somethin ': A Historical Guide of All 32 NFL Teams and the Cities They've Played In . Dorrance Publishing, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4349-1681-5 , pp. 374 ( google.de [accessed April 7, 2020]).
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335. ↑ 15 Apr 1955, 4 - Petaluma Argus-Courier at Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 7, 2020 . 
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382. ^ Update on Titans Ownership. Retrieved March 26, 2020 (American English). 
383. ↑ 2019 NFL Record & Fact Book
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