Neunstetten (Herrieden)

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Neunstetten
City of Herrieden
Coordinates: 49 ° 15 ′ 41 ″  N , 10 ° 27 ′ 29 ″  E
Height : 423 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 633  (1990)
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 91567
Area code : 09825

Neunstetten is a district of the city of Herrieden in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

Aerial photo of Neunstetten (2016)
St. Vitus church tower
The seven carters
Former pastor of Neunstetten

geography

The parish village is located between Ansbach and Feuchtwangen on the upper reaches of the Altmühl and the Käferbach and Feldgraben, which flow into the Altmühl as left tributaries. It is located on a flat hilly plain consisting of arable land and grassland with a few trees. In the west beyond the Altmühl are the corridor areas Speckwiesen and Speckfeld, in the east lies the Schmalwiesen. Approx. 1 km north is the Im Forst forest area , 0.5 km southeast of the Burgerwald and Steinbacher Holz.

history

Located on an Altmühlfurt , Neunstetten was on an old path between Feuchtwangen and Ansbach via Aurach . This road probably originally led north of Weinberg via Sulz Abbey to Schillingsfürst . The turn of 90 ° in Weinberg, which can still be seen in the course of State Road 1066 , indicates a crossing of two old paths. The area around Neunstetten was probably already around 4000 BC. Settled. The origin of the place may have been in the time of Charlemagne , when the Benedictine monastery in neighboring Herrieden was first mentioned in 797 . Presumably there was already a tower hill castle on the Altmühlfurt in the 10th century .

Neunstetten was first mentioned in a document in 1169 in an exchange document between Bishop Konrad I of Eichstätt and Heilsbronn Monastery . In 1273 the place was first mentioned as an independent parish. Neunstetten and Niederdombach were sold in 1397 by Heinrich Schenck von Leutershausen to the bishop of Eichstätt .

In 1430, a village order with bailiffs, policemen, shepherds and forester was set in writing. The foundation stone for the parish church of St. Vitus was laid in 1483. The Brotherhood of Saint Wolfgang was founded in 1493. Hannenbach , Wiedersbach and Rauenbuch separated from the community of Neunstetten in 1573. A large bell was purchased for the church in 1605. The parish was ravaged by the plague in 1627 . In the Thirty Years War the church and village were destroyed in 1632/33.

A school was first mentioned in 1638. The new rectory was built in 1664 and the church was rebuilt in 1679. In 1689 regular mail traffic between Ansbach , Neunstetten, Feuchtwangen and Crailsheim was started. The church tower was covered with glazed tiles in 1740. The still existing Brotherhood of Christ's Fear of Death was founded in 1779.

In the 16-point report of the Principality of Ansbach from 1684, 48 teams are recorded for Neunstetten: 1 property was subordinate to the Ansbach Court Office , 2 properties to the Ansbach Abbey and 45 properties to the Herrieden caste office in Eichstätt . The high court to the east of the Altmühl was exercised by the Brandenburg-Ansbach Hofkastenamt Ansbach and west of the Altmühl by the Eichstättische Kastenamt Herrieden. The caste office in Herrieden was in charge of village and community rulership and the shepherd's staff.

From 1797 to 1808 the place was under the judiciary and chamber office of Ansbach . In 1806 Neunstetten came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . With the community edict (early 19th century), the tax district Neunstetten was formed, to which the places Altmühle , Esbach , Niederdombach and Steinbach belonged. A little later the rural community Neunstetten was formed, which was congruent with the tax district. It was subject to the Herrieden district court in terms of administration and jurisdiction . The municipality had an area of ​​10.514 km².

According to a listing from 1830, the place belonged to an extensive forest area between Leutershausen and Sulz Monastery with the main town Brunst, called "the Brünst" or "the Brunst", which has been cleared in places since the Middle Ages . The Brünst was known for its good cattle breeding ; their 22 settlements were considered rich.

During the Napoleonic Wars at the beginning of the 19th century, fighting troops were billeted. The repayment of the resulting debts took 40 years. In 1833 the stone bridge was built over the Altmühl . To commemorate the Franco-Prussian War , chestnut trees were planted in front of the church in 1870 . In 1875 the [[]] registry office was introduced. The old Jewish tree with the image of Mary was burned by arson in 1890 .

The gate tower at the eastern entrance to the cemetery (entrance to the church square) was demolished in 1891. In the same year the Nepomuk statue on the Stone Bridge was donated. The construction of an iron bridge over the second arm of the Altmühl was completed in 1892. The stone crosses Seven Carters were erected at the place of the Jewish tree in 1892 . It is the largest preserved collection of stone crosses in all of Bavaria.

Neunstetten was hit by a major drought from February 2 to August 10, 1893. A post office was set up in 1897 and a dairy was founded in 1902. In 1903 the Ansbach - Neunstetten - Herrieden - Bechhofen line was opened. During the First World War , the community complained about 15 dead and 2 missing. For fear of melting down, the church tower bell was hidden in the Burgerwald. A war memorial was built in 1919.

The connection to the electricity network took place in 1937. At the end of the Second World War , SS units blew up the Iron Bridge in 1945. Courageous citizens prevented the stone bridge from being blown up. The first American troops marched in on April 20, 1945. In the Second World War, 16 residents were killed and 7 more were missing. Josef Brand was elected Germany's youngest mayor in 1947 at the age of 25. He held this office until it was incorporated on January 1, 1972.

A school house was built in 1951. In 1964, a first settlement ring was designated in Schafwasen. In 1966 Neunstetten was connected to the long-distance water system. The sewer system and the sewage treatment plant were built. The parish of St. Vitus was no longer filled in 1968, but has been looked after from Herrieden since then. As part of the regional reform , Neunstetten was incorporated into Herrieden on January 1, 1972.

The interior of the church was renovated in 1972. The pulpit and baptismal font were removed. In 1973 and 1983 land consolidation and village renewal were carried out for 6 million  DM . Regular school operations ceased in 1981. At the end of the land consolidation, the Brother Klaus statue was erected in 1987 . The newly created soccer fields were inaugurated in 1988.

The parish barn was converted into a kindergarten in 1993. The church was renovated in 1996. The roof was re-covered and the church clock renewed. In 1997 the tower chapel was converted into a baptistery and the cemetery wall renovated. In the same year, a parish hall is set up after the roof of the kindergarten has been extended. The former school and sacristan's house, built in 1748, will be fundamentally renovated from 2005 to 2007 and expanded into a bicycle hostel.

Architectural and ground monuments

  • Altmühlbrücke: three-arched stone bridge, 1833, with a Nepomuk figure from the same time
  • At the Altmühl 1: Altmühle, mill and residential building, two-storey massive saddle roof building, with corner pilaster strips, 1848; Barn, single-storey gable roof with loading hatch , second half of the 19th century.
  • Eulersfeld; Steinbacher Feld: field cross, wayside shrine, sandstone with cast iron cross attachment, probably 19th century; east outside in the hallway
  • Cemetery, formerly fortified, partially preserved ditch, defensive wall at chest height, underground Karner vault, tombs 19./20. Century; Cast iron crucifix, mid 19th century
  • Hauptstraße 1: associated half-timbered barn and former warehouse, 18th century
  • Hauptstraße 9: half-timbered barn, late 18th century; associated with the Leopold grocery store
  • Hertwegfeld: wayside cross, crucifix, wood, folk carving, 19th century; 1 km outside in the direction of Mühlbruck
  • Hertwegfeld: Group of six stone crosses, medieval, called the Seven Carters , at the exit towards Herrieden
  • Kirchplatz 1: Catholic parish church St. Veit , hall church, single-nave nave and west choir, late 14th century, east choir added before 1438, tower expanded in 1482, expanded in 1680/81, changes in 17th and 18th centuries. and 19th century, with furnishings; Cemetery, formerly fortified, partially preserved moat, underground Karner vault, tombs 19./20. Century; Cast iron crucifix, mid-19th century; Walling with defensive wall at chest height, in the core probably 15th century
  • Mühlstraße 5: former mill, massive two-story house, gable roof, 1838.
  • Near the main street: neo-Gothic wayside shrine, cast iron cross on sandstone plinth, 1892; at the exit towards Herrieden
  • Near the church square: war memorial, stele with crowning figure of St. George, 1914/18, changed after 1945; at the cemetery
  • Near Mühlstrasse: barn, single-storey building with half-hipped roof, half-timbering, 19th century
  • Pfarrgasse 2: former school and sacristan's house, used as a hostel for cyclists (12 beds), two-storey saddle roof building, with half-timbered upper storey and gable, partly over the southwest corner of the cemetery wall, built in 1748
  • Windmühlstraße 1: wayside cross, wooden crucifix, mid-19th century .; at the exit to Ansbach.
  • Near Windmühlstrasse: wayside shrine, small brick aedicula with niche, around 1800; on the western outskirts in the Anger south of the street
  • On State Road 2249 to Oberdombach: statue on a rectangular base, marked 1723, with a cast-iron cross; on Leutershauser Straße between Neunstetten and Niederdombach, at the junction to Oberdombach

Stone Cross Nest Seven carters

Seven carters
Cross 2 and 3
Exit towards Herrieden

At the exit of the road to Herrieden there is a stone cross nest with six, partly very badly weathered or fragmentarily preserved medieval stone crosses . All relics are made from local sandstone.
Cross 1: 91 cm high, 31 cm wide, 22 cm deep; Part of the head is missing as well as both arms, so the original cross shape can only be guessed at.
Cross 2: 117 cm high, 68 cm wide, 32 deep; it has a downward tapering shaft, as well as damaged, thus strongly rounded arms.
Cross 3: 119 cm high, 86 cm wide, 31 deep; it was broken several times and unfortunately the assembly was not entirely symmetrical.
Cross 4: 108 cm high, 73 cm wide, 24 depth; Head and arms damaged and very rounded. The cross differs from the others in the group due to the segmental supports between the foot, head and arms; the shaft is also longer.
Cross 5: 105 cm high, 21 cm wide, 22 cm deep; only the torso without arms and without head is preserved, the upper end of the shaft is damaged and rounded, the connections of the arms are clearly visible.
Cross 6: 93 cm high, 48 cm wide, 28 deep; the right arm is missing, the remaining cross arm and the head are strongly rounded, the foot widens sharply downwards.
Cross 7: missing

Research has shown that the stone crosses come from different times. Inscriptions or signs can no longer be seen, and further investigations have so far not given any indications of their meaning. One explanation is that the stone crosses were set up as atonement for a crime, although it was quite common to set up new stone crosses at the places that were already available. However, it cannot be ruled out that the stone crosses originally stood in different places and were only brought together at the current location. Stone crosses of this kind can also be found in other places such as Reicholzheim , Neunhof (Nuremberg) or Bruck (Erlangen) .

Legend:

Once upon a time, seven foreign wagoners came to Neunstetten before continuing to Herrieden if they wanted to take a break. Hungry and thirsty, they sat down at the exit of the village, the nearby Altmühl promised a refreshing drink for people and animals, but they lacked bread to satisfy the increasingly intense hunger and in vain they looked for food. One of the carters pulled out a loaf of bread that he wanted to eat unnoticed in order not to have to share with the others. But the companions noticed his plan and they attacked him with ugly shouts. A heated argument ensued because the carter could not prevent the robbery. Everyone claimed the loaf for themselves, because now no one allowed it to anyone else. The quarrel soon degenerated into a wild fight, for the carters approached each other with their long knives and stabbed each other so that one after the other bled to death from the wounds they had received.
The dead were buried at the site of the battle and the crosses erected as a warning. But as a punishment for their wrongdoing, they cannot find rest in their graves. The nocturnal hiker can often see them when the mists of the Altmühl move towards Neunstetten, as they argue and curses along the way and then disappear at the crosses after a wild fight. Gripped by wild horror, many of them hurried to flee only when they were near.

Population development

Neunstetten municipality

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 446 440 526 544 486 470 462 475 480 468 492 504 520 508 476 450 450 481 503 596 599 562 522 599
Houses 99 97 99 113 91 88 91 98
source

Neunstetten district

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 001990
Residents 342 339 361 344 352 394 333 467 404 480 491 633
Houses 75 67 87 69 68 70 75 130
source

Club life

Neunstetten has a lively club life. In 1877 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1986 the first joint village festival with all associations took place.

Other foundations:

  • 1906: War Association
  • 1910: Cycling club
  • 1910: Catholic fraternity
  • 1925: Choral Society
  • 1956: Altmühlschützen shooting club
  • 1965: Musikverein Neunstetten / Stadtkapelle Herrieden
  • 1978: Fishing club
  • 1980: Sports club
  • 1982: Nursing Association

religion

The place was originally purely Catholic. The residents of the Roman Catholic denomination are parish to St. Veit (Neunstetten) , the residents of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination in the Christ Church (Herrieden) .

traffic

The state road 1066 via windmill after Elpersdorf (4,5 km north-east) and the junction 50 of the A6 (1.7 km south-west). The national road 2249 leads to Herrieden (4 km south-east) and after Niederdombach (1 km northwest). A community road leads to Steinbach (1.7 km east).

In Neunstetten, the Leutershausen-Wiedersbach-Bechhofen railway crossed the federal highway 14 , which ran through the town at that time , and the town had a stopping point at 5.2 km. The line was opened on June 16, 1903, passenger traffic was discontinued on November 28, 1966, freight traffic on May 31, 1970. The tracks were dismantled in 1970/71, first to Neunstetten.

literature

Web links

Commons : Neunstetten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Neunstetten in the Bavaria Atlas
  2. ↑ Staatsarchiv Nürnberg , Ansbacher Salbuch 128, 2687. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 689
  3. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 46 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 777 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Friedrich Oechsle: Contributions to the history of the peasant war in the Swabian-Franconian border regions . Heilbronn 1830, p. 320, footnote
    Friedrich Benedict Weber: Remarks and notes on various objects of agriculture . Leipzig 1815, S. 194.
    Heinrich Wilhelm Bensen : Brief description and history of the city of Rotenburg ob der Tauber . Erlangen 1856, p. 29
  6. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 461 .
  7. ↑ suehnekreuz.de
  8. ↑ Johann Fluhrer: The seven stone crosses in the Altmühl valley. In: The Bayernland . 13. Vol., 1902, No. 19, p. 226
  9. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  10. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 63 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Neunstetten plus the residents and buildings of Esbach (p. 23), Niederdombach (p. 64) and Steinbach (p. 88). The data for Esbach with 107 inhabitants and 18 fire places have been confused with those of Esbach (Weidenbach) . The correct information can be found in: Joseph Anton Eisenmann, Karl Friedrich Hohn (ed.): Topo-geographical-statistical lexicon from the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 1 : A-L . Palm and Enke, Erlangen 1840, p. 391 ( digitized - first edition: 1831). This directory adopts the information from 1818 for smaller towns
  11. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 160 ( digitized version ). According to the historical municipality register 1953, the municipality had 430 inhabitants
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 171 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  13. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1024 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized ).
  14. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 161 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1190 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  16. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 63 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 181 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1121 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1189 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1226-1227 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1058 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 170 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 328 ( digitized version ).