Main line 1 (Munich subway)

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The lines U3 and U6 in the Munich S-Bahn and U-Bahn network

The main line 1 of the Munich subway is the oldest implemented by three trunk routes in the metro network of the Bavarian state capital Munich . It runs mainly in a north-south direction and is currently used by the two underground lines U3 and U6. Between the underground stations Münchner Freiheit and Implerstraße , the U3 and U6 lines run on a common route; in front of and behind, the route branches into two branches that are only served by one of the two lines; The U8 repeater line also runs on the short section Olympiazentrum – Scheidplatz. Main route 1 is 41 kilometers long and has 42  underground stations , three of which are in neighboring Garching near Munich . The north branch of the U6 runs partially above ground, the remaining routes are completely in the tunnel .

The first trains on the U6 line ran between Goetheplatz and Kieferngarten in October 1971, and the U3 line went into operation seven months later with the opening of the line to the Olympiapark . In the following four decades, twelve extensions or extensions were completed, most recently in December 2010 the section of the U3 line between the Olympia shopping center and Moosach underground stations . Today the U3 connects Moosach with the station Fürstenried West , while the U6 runs between Garching and the Großhadern Clinic . An extension of the southern U6 to Martinsried is planned , construction of which is expected to start in early 2022.

history

The U6 runs on the oldest Munich underground line. The Lindwurmtunnel (section between Sendlinger Tor and including Goetheplatz station ) was built as early as 1938-41 as part of a north-south S-Bahn line, which is essentially similar to the current route of the U6. For this reason, Goetheplatz station is a few meters longer than the usual 120-meter platform length, as it was designed for other trains. This tunnel was integrated into the route during the construction of the U6 from February 1, 1965. From October 19, 1971, the first trains ran between Kieferngarten and Goetheplatz.

The Olympiazentrum underground station has been in operation since May 8, 1972

The construction of the U3 line was accelerated dramatically when Munich was awarded the contract for the 1972 Summer Olympics in the mid-1960s . In 1966, the route network plan, which had only been approved a year earlier, was revised and the U3 was set as the feeder to the Olympic site, as the originally planned route via the main station could not be implemented in the short time. In addition, a direct connection to the technical base in Fröttmaning was considered necessary for operation. The stations that were not put into operation when the U6 was opened (Bonner Platz to Olympiazentrum) opened on May 8, 1972.

On November 22, 1975, the Implerstraße and Harras stops were opened. Implerstraße station was built as a branching station back then, although the south branch of the U3 did not go into operation until 14 years later. The U3 then ended at Harras, where there was now a second option to change to the S-Bahn. The Poccistraße station between Goetheplatz and Implerstraße was only built later and opened on May 28, 1978. The section via Partnachplatz and Westpark to Holzapfelkreuth was opened as a flower line for the International Horticultural Exhibition (IGA) on April 16, 1983 . The design of the three stations, which follow the same basic pattern, was awarded the International Design Prize 1983/84.

The southern branch of the route was only driven forward in the 1980s. From October 28, 1989, it was possible to travel from the Implerstrasse underground station to the former final stop, Forstenrieder Allee. As a result, the section between Implerstraße and Holzapfelkreuth was no longer served by the U3. On June 1, 1991, today's terminus Fürstenried West was reached. The previous tram line 16 (Harras - Ratzingerplatz - Fürstenried) had had its day and was dismantled in stages. Further route extensions in the south to the Großhadern Clinic (on May 22, 1993) and in the north to Fröttmaning (on June 30, 1994) and further to Garching-Hochbrück (on October 28, 1995) followed.

The Fröttmaning underground station was rebuilt from October 10, 2002 to May 4, 2005.

The Fröttmaning station was rebuilt between October 10, 2002 and May 4, 2005 to connect the Allianz Arena . The station was moved to the north by about half a platform length, the existing platform was torn down, a second platform was built and a new parking facility was built north of the now four-track station. The current train station is completely covered and now also has an entrance at the north end that connects directly to the Esplanade of the Allianz Arena.

For a long time, Freimann was the last underground station that was not barrier-free . Since August 2006, three elevators have been retrofitted so that since June 2009 this station has also been easily accessible for people with reduced mobility.

The line from Garching-Hochbrück to Garching-Forschungszentrum, which runs in Garching's area, was opened on October 14, 2006. The entire route beyond the Munich city limits, which is just behind the Fröttmaning train station, was built by the city ​​of Garching with financial support from the Free State of Bavaria and the district of Munich. MVG has been entrusted with the operation, leasing track systems, stations and two long trains from Garching.

Until 2007, the U3 line ended in the north of the city at the Olympiazentrum station . At the end of October 2007, the two stations in Oberwiesenfeld and the Olympia Shopping Center were opened. In December 2010 the extension took place via Moosacher St.-Martins-Platz to Moosach with a connection to the S1.

stretch

North (U3)

Munich Moosach train station : northern end of the U3
U3North
Munich subway
   
 Moosach (MO)S1 Tram line 20 bus
   
 Moosacher St.-Martins-Platz (MM)
   
 Olympic shopping center (OK)U1 bus
   
 Oberwiesenfeld (ON)bus
   
 Olympic Center (OZ)bus
   
 Petuelring (PR)Tram line 27 bus
   
 U2 to Feldmoching
   
 Scheidplatz (SP)U2 Tram line 12 Tram line 28 bus
   
 U2 to main station
   
 Bonner Platz (BP)
   
 U6 north
   
 Münchner Freiheit (MU)U6 Tram line 23 bus
   
 Trunk line 1

In the north, the U3 line began in December 2010 at the Munich-Moosach regional and S-Bahn station . Via the station under Moosacher St.-Martins-Platz , the route leads to the second level of the Olympia Shopping Mall underground station . The northern branch of the U1 line , which runs through the districts of Gern and Neuhausen and joins the second trunk line at the main station, begins on the first level above .

The four-track Olympiazentrum underground station is reached via the Oberwiesenfeld station , which opens up the northern part of the Olympiapark and therefore also bore the project name Olympiapark Nord . This was 1972-2007 terminus of U3 and was called during this time because of the location of the Olympic Park in the northern part of the Oberwiesenfeld temporarily Olympic Center (Oberwiesenfeld) . Before planning the Olympic Park, the station should only be called Oberwiesenfeld . Since December 15, 2013, another underground line has ended at this station with the U8 amplifier line, which only runs to Sendlinger Tor on Saturdays .

The four-track Scheidplatz junction , which is also on the northern branch of the U2 line , is reached via the Petuelring underground station . At this station, the U2 and U3 trains stop at a central platform in both directions at the same time, in order to enable easy transfers without waiting. The U8 line also changes here to the U2 line.

The Münchner Freiheit is finally reached via Bonner Platz , where the northern branch of the U3 line joins the first trunk line d. H. common section of the lines U3 and U6 flows.

The four train stations Olympiazentrum , Petuelring , Scheidplatz and Bonner Platz are all designed in exposed concrete with reliefs on the walls, the key color orange for the U3 is reflected in the line of lines and the other station architecture. In terms of shape and design, they already differ considerably from the basic form of the U6 stations that were planned and implemented only recently - the Olympic decision and the associated reputation justified the stations' individual appearance. In 2020, the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation placed the four underground stations under monument protection .

North (U6)

Garching Research Center : Northern end point of the U6
U6North
Munich subway
   
 Garching Research Center (GF)bus
   
   
   
 Garching (GR)bus
   
   
 Garching-Hochbrück (GK)bus
   
 Munich motorway ring
   
 Fröttmaning (FT)
   
 Technical basis
   
 Pine garden (KG)bus
   
 Heidemann Bridge
   
 Freimann (FR)
   
 Munich North Ring
   
 A9
   
 Frankfurter Ring
   
 Student City (ST)bus
   
   
 Old Heath (AH)bus
   
 North Cemetery (NF)
   
 Dietlindenstrasse (DL)bus
   
 U3 north
   
 Münchner Freiheit (MU)U3 Tram line 23 bus
   
 Trunk line 1

The U6 begins underground in the north in Garching-Forschungszentrum , the section via Garching to Garching-Hochbrück was opened on October 14, 2006. The station at the research center, which is located in a lower location, provides access to the adjacent research institutes for the first time by rail, shortly afterwards the U6 comes to the surface for around 500 meters. After this short above-ground section of the route, the Garching tunnel station, which is 17 meters deep, is reached under the Garching Maypole Square. The route then comes to light again shortly before Garching-Hochbrück .

The section between Garching-Hochbrück and the next station, Fröttmaning, which has been converted for the Allianz Arena , is the longest between two stations in the Munich network at around 4.1 km. This section also crosses under the Munich motorway ring .

The technical base with the main workshop of the Munich subway is also located in Fröttmaning . From Kieferngarten station , which has four tracks because of the connection to the technical base and the associated entry and exit journeys, it leads over the 450-meter-long Heidemann Bridge to Freimann station , which is right next to the A9 . This is underpassed behind the stop as well as the Frankfurter Ring and the Münchner Nordring , to which there is also a rail connection at this point. The next station, Studentenstadt, is next to Ungererstraße, which the route now follows.

After Studentenstadt, the U6 disappears underground for the rest of its route. The three following stations, designed by Paolo Nestler , Alte Heide , Nordfriedhof (next to Garching-Hochbrück the only station with side platforms on the U6) and Dietlindenstrasse are all located under Ungererstrasse. The Nordfriedhof train station is also under the Mittlerer Ring . The line then joins the common U3 / U6 trunk line at the Münchner Freiheit station .

Center (U3 and U6)

U3and the U6center of
Munich subway
   
 U6 / North branch
   
 U3 / North branch
   
 Münchner Freiheit (MU)Tram line 23 bus
   
 Giselastrasse (GI)bus
   
 University (UN)bus
   
 Odeonsplatz (OD)U4 U5 bus
   
 Marienplatz (MP)Train bus
   
 Sendlinger Tor (SE)U1 U2 tram bus
   
 Goetheplatz (GO)bus
   
 Poccistraße (PC)bus
   
 Theresienwiese plant
   
 Implerstraße (IP)bus
   
 U6 / South branch
   
 U3 / branch south
Münchner Freiheit underground station at the northern end of trunk line 1
Implerstraße underground station at the southern end of trunk line 1

The Münchner Freiheit underground station forms the northern end of the first trunk line and is located under the square of the same name on the western edge of Alt- Schwabing .

After Giselastraße and Universität, the U3 crosses the U4 and U5 lines at Odeonsplatz . Since the route was planned later, the southern end of the station had to be extensively rebuilt. From the lower-lying new platform, stairs were built both directly to the mezzanine level and to the existing platform. This connecting corridor is a serious bottleneck in this heavily frequented double station.

At Marienplatz station, designed by Alexander von Branca , the S-Bahn lines S1 – S8 are crossed, and this is where congestion is common, especially in professional and stadium traffic. The station is the busiest in the entire metro network. Therefore - and with a view to the soccer world championship 2006 - the city council decided that “under its feet”, namely under the town hall, two additional pedestrian tunnels should equalize the crowd. The extension was inaugurated on May 29, 2006.

Lines U1 and U2 cross at Sendlinger Tor . The Goetheplatz station, which was also built before 1941, is reached via the Lindwurm tunnel, which was built 35 years earlier . In this tunnel section, the bulges in the wall for the originally intended overhead line masts as well as the markings on the walls as an air raid shelter in World War II can still be seen. The next station, Poccistraße (near the former suburban train station in Munich South ), was subsequently installed between the tunnels that were already in operation and opened on May 28, 1978, almost three years after the rest of the route. The U3 and U6 lines separate again at the Implerstraße train station, and there is also a single-track junction in the opposite direction to the Theresienwiese plant, via which the U4 / U5 route can be reached.

South (U3)

Fürstenried West : southern end of the U3
U3South
Munich subway
   
 Trunk line 1
   
 Implerstraße (IP)U6 bus
   
 U6 south
   
 Brudermühlstrasse (BL)bus
   
 Thalkirchen (TK)bus
   
 Obersendling (OS) (Siemenswerke);S7 bus
   
 Aidenbachstrasse (AB)bus
   
 Machtlfinger Strasse (MR)bus
   
 Forstenrieder Allee (FO)bus
   
 Basler Strasse (BA)
   
 Fürstenried West (FW)bus

From the three-track branch station Implerstraße , the U3 leads almost exactly south. The next station, Brudermühlstraße , was built together with the Brudermühl tunnel of the Middle Ring above , which is why it is relatively deep in the groundwater. An old millstone on the mezzanine level reminds of the tradition of the street. In the Thalkirchen train station (zoo) , animal motifs on the back track walls designed by Ricarda Dietz refer to the nearby Hellabrunn zoo . On the south side, a ramp leads from the underground station to the mezzanine and further on towards the Isar and the zoo.

Climbing the banks of the Isar, the U3 reaches the pillarless Obersendling station after 30 meters , a connection point to the Siemenswerke S-Bahn station . Obersendling was the first train station in which the planners of the subway department left the bored pile walls open as design elements, only painted in reddish brown. The following Aidenbachstrasse station is characterized by twelve broken mirror surfaces, which are arranged according to the central pillars. As in Obersendling, the bored pile walls at the next station in Machtlfinger Straße were painted burgundy and decorated with art objects by Rupprecht Geiger . As a special feature, the not very deep train station has two large skylights .

The next train station, Forstenrieder Allee, is designed in a similar way to the one on Aidenbachstrasse, but it shows pictures by the artist Helmut Pfeuffer. The caricaturist Ernst Hürlimann has immortalized himself in the form of a red devil on Basler Strasse , who wants to allude to characters from the Basel Carnival . The elevator shaft lets a lot of daylight flow onto the platform. At the Fürstenried West terminus , a new type of lighting concept was used for the first time, which distributes two thirds of the light indirectly onto the platform via large reflectors.

South (U6)

Großhadern Clinic : southern end of the U6
U6South
Munich subway
   
 Trunk line 1
   
 Implerstraße (IP)U3 bus
   
 U3 south
   
 Harras (HS)S7 bus
   
 Partnachplatz (PA)bus
   
 West Park (WP)bus
   
 Holzapfelkreuth (HK)bus
   
 Haderner Stern (HD)bus
   
 Großhadern (GH)bus
   
 Großhadern Clinic (KL)bus

Behind the Implerstraße underground station , the route of the U6 branches off in a right curve to the west. Outside the station the only branches operating range of the Munich subway in the three-pronged operating system Theresienwiese and continue to metro station Schwanthalerhöhe the U4 / U5 from.

At Harras there is a connection to the S-Bahn line S7 and to the trains of the Bavarian Oberlandbahn (BOB) . Some trips on the U6 end here. The following stops, Partnachplatz , Westpark and Holzapfelkreuth , were created as part of the IGA . The color gradients on the walls are characteristic of these three stations.

In the further course the terminus at the Großhadern Clinic is reached via Haderner Stern and Großhadern , the entrance to which is visible from afar on the surface in the form of two glass pyramids. The last three stations are the most elaborately designed on the U6. The wall, floor, ceiling and the lighting concept are precisely coordinated and artistically processed.

Lines

U3

The U3 line of the Munich subway has 25 stations and is more than 20 km long. It runs from the train station in Moosach in an easterly direction before turning south-east in Oberwiesenfeld towards Münchner Freiheit . Via the trunk line that runs parallel to the Isar to the southwest, the line crosses under the old town in particular . It opens up the district of Sendling in a north-south direction, turns to the west after Thalkirchen and reaches its southern end point via Obersendling and Fürstenried .

line course
U3 Moosach  - Moosacher St.-Martins-Platz  - Olympia Shopping Center  - Oberwiesenfeld  - Olympiazentrum  - Petuelring  - Scheidplatz  - Bonner Platz  - Münchner Freiheit  - Giselastraße  - University  - Odeonsplatz  - Marienplatz  - Sendlinger Tor  - Goetheplatz  - Poccistraße  - Implerstraße  - Brudermühlstraße  - Thalkirchen  - Obersendling  - Aidenbachstrasse  - Machtlfinger Strasse  - Forstenrieder Allee  - Basler Strasse  - Fürstenried West

U6

The U6 line has 26 stations and, at 27.4 km, is the longest line on the Munich subway . It is the only underground line that starts outside of Munich's urban area: from Garching , the U6 runs to the left of the Isar , always one to three kilometers from the river, first past the Allianz Arena and finally with the U3 through Munich's old town and on to Sendling , where she turns alone to the west to her southern end point at the Großhadern Clinic .

line course
U6 Garching Research Center  - Garching  - Garching-Hochbrück  - Fröttmaning  - Kieferngarten  - Freimann  - student town  - Alte Heide  - North Cemetery  - Dietlindenstraße  - Münchner Freiheit  - Giselastraße  - University  - Odeonsplatz  - Marienplatz  - Sendlinger Tor  - Goetheplatz  - Poccistraße  - Implerstraße  - Harass  - Partnachplatz  - Westpark  - Holzapfelkreuth  - Haderner Stern  - Großhadern  - Großhadern Clinic

The U6 is the only underground line that also runs Mondays to Fridays outside of peak hours and on Saturdays during the day more frequently than every ten minutes. The trains then alternate between Münchner Freiheit and Harras at intervals of four and six minutes. Together with the U3 trains, which run three minutes after two U6 trains that run within four minutes, the main route runs every 4/3/3 minutes.

U8

Since December 15, 2013, the U8 amplifier line has been running on Saturdays from the Olympiazentrum via the main train station to Sendlinger Tor . It shares the route with the U3 line between the Olympiazentrum and Scheidplatz . Then it runs like the U2 line. This means that the journeys between the Olympic Center and Sendlinger Tor that have already been carried out on Saturdays for some time now have their own line number. The line runs on a section of the U8 (now U2), which ran from 1980 to 1988 from the Olympic Center via Sendlinger Tor to Neuperlach Süd .

line course
U8 only on Saturdays: Olympiazentrum  - Petuelring  - Scheidplatz  - Hohenzollernplatz  - Josephsplatz  - Theresienstraße  - Königsplatz  - Central Station  - Sendlinger Tor  - Fraunhoferstraße  - Columbusplatz  - Silberhornstraße  - Untersbergstraße  - Giesing  - Karl-Preis-Platz  - Innsbrucker Ring  - Michaelibad  - Quiddestraße  - Neuperlach center

planning

Untermenzing (U3 north)

An extension of the U3 to the west beyond Moosach to the Untermenzing S-Bahn station, which opened in 2005, is marked in the City of Munich's 2006 traffic development plan as a "corridor for network expansion". In the long term, an extension to the Munich-Pasing train station could also be realized.

District of Freising (U6 North)

Since the northern end of the U6, the Garching-Forschungszentrum station, is already right on the border with the Freising district , an extension to the north to the Neufahrn , Eching or even airport S-Bahn stations is required (see Munich Regional Plan 2004). In a feasibility study commissioned by the MVG itself, an extension of the U6 to the Neufahrner S-Bahn station was examined. While the study showed, as expected, that these plans are no substitute for a rapid transit or express S-Bahn connection between Munich Central Station and the airport, it came to the conclusion that the networking of U6 and S1 many Would bring benefits. In addition to the travel time savings to the airport from the U6 stop Universität, the accessibility of the Allianz Arena from the airport and from northern and eastern Bavaria and the connection between the Garching and Freising-Weihenstephan locations of the Technical University of Munich were highlighted. The extension of the U6 to the S1 is currently (as of 2017) the subject of studies to improve local public transport in the Munich district. Due to the increase in private traffic over the past 10 years, it was decided in November 2018 to plan a new feasibility study for the extension.

Martinsried (U6 south)

The extension of the U6 in the south to Martinsried was decided on July 20, 2009 by the Munich district council. The route, which costs 67 million euros and is around 900 meters long, was originally scheduled to go into operation in 2014/2015. However, negotiations on the financing proved difficult. The Bavarian cabinet approved the project in December 2014. The schedule initially provided for the start of construction for the end of 2016 and the commissioning for the end of 2020, but had to be corrected in 2018 to start construction in 2020 at the earliest.

Existing renovations

Since the 40-year-old Heidemann Bridge between the Freimann and Kieferngarten stations (north branch of the U6) had to be completely renovated, the route between the Studentenstadt and Kieferngarten stations was interrupted for 3 months in 2013 and 2014. During this time, first the west and then the east side of the bridge were renewed. The other track had to be available for access by construction vehicles.

Trivia

The line number comes from tram line 6, which before the opening of the U6 served a catchment area similar to today's U6 with a route from Freimann via Nordfriedhof, Odeonsplatz, Stachus, Sendlinger-Tor-Platz, Harras to Lorettoplatz.

Additional information

See also

literature

  • Friedhelm Blennemann: U-Bahn and light rail in Germany. Planning, construction, operation . alba, Düsseldorf 1975, ISBN 3-87094-304-1 .
  • Christoph Hackelsberger, Stefan Müller-Naumann: Subway architecture in Munich . Prestel Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-7913-1827-6 .
  • Fritz D. Kegel: U-Bahns in Germany. Planning, construction, operation . alba, Düsseldorf 1971.
  • Holger Junghardt, Wolfgang Pischek: The Munich subway. Underground through the Bavarian capital . 2nd Edition. Munich 2002, ISBN 3-7654-7194-1 .
  • Florian Schütz: Munich subway album. All Munich underground stations in color . Robert Schwandl Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-936573-19-0 .
  • Peter Schricker: Munich local rail transport. Tram, S-Bahn, U-Bahn, O-Bus . GeraMond, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-7654-7137-2 .
  • U-Bahn-Referat der Landeshauptstadt München (Hrsg.): U-Bahn für München . Süddeutscher Verlag, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-7991-5674-7 .
  • U-Bahn-Presentation of the state capital Munich (Ed.): 25 years of underground construction in Munich . Munich 1990.
  • U-Bahn-Referat of the state capital Munich (Hrsg.): The U6-West. From Harras to Großhadern Clinic. Festschrift for the opening of the last section on May 22, 1993 . Munich 1993.

Web links

Commons : Main route 1  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ellen Draxel: U-Bahn stations in Schwabing: total work of art in the underground. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , March 30, 2020, accessed on April 4, 2020.
  2. ↑ Traffic development plan ( Memento from January 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ merkur.de .
  4. ^ Forum for U6 extension: New feasibility study in planning. In: Freising district. November 28, 2018, accessed December 4, 2018 .
  5. ↑ sueddeutsche.de : "U-Bahn will be extended to Martinsried"
  6. ↑ Press release of the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior, for Building and Transport from December 16, 2014
  7. ↑ Martinsried has to wait , Süddeutsche Zeitung August 28, 2018
  8. ↑ Tunnel groundbreaking in 2020 at the earliest , Münchner Merkur August 24, 2018
  9. ↑ MVG press release July 6, 2012 (PDF; 51 kB) ( Memento of October 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ Higher, heavier, longer: Full commitment on the subway construction site in: MVG info. Customer information from the Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft. Issue 2/2014, page 10. Online ( Memento from July 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive )