Jochsberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jochsberg
City of Leutershausen
Coordinates: 49 ° 18 ′ 47 "  N , 10 ° 23 ′ 17"  E
Height : 433  (426-446)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 250  (Dec 31, 2006)
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 91578
Area code : 09823
Jochsberg, town view
Jochsberg, town view with the historic Altmühlbrücke in the foreground
Jochsberg's medieval church
Seckendorff tombstones on the church
Former brewery belonging to Jochsberg Castle

Jochsberg (colloquially: Iokschbérch ) is a district of the city of Leutershausen in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

geography

The parish village is on the Altmühl . About 500 meters to the west is the Weidlach forest area, about one kilometer northeast of the Seeholz and about one kilometer east of the Himmelreich corridor. The district road AN 3 leads to Leutershausen to the state road 2245 (1.7 km southeast) or is continued as a community connecting road to Buch am Wald (4 km west). From this connection a community road branches off to Zweiflingen (0.7 km north), which can also be reached via an agricultural road (1 km north-west). Another communal road leads over the Untreumühle to the state road 2249 (0.5 km south).

history

The place was first mentioned by name in the book of eight of the regional court Rothenburg in 1274 as "Jochesperc", which means an already existing castle which at that time belonged to a Gerboto. The place name is probably not derived from the personal name Jochen, but is a description of the depression between two mountain ranges .

From 1318 to 1791 Jochsberg belonged to the Fraisch district of the castle counts and from the 15th century margraves office of Leutershausen . From the 14th century to 1631, the barons von Seckendorff were fiefs of the Jochsberg manor including all affiliations. In the 16-point report of the Leutershausen office from 1608, there were six properties in Jochsberg in addition to the castle and the church, including that of a pastor, a farrier and a schoolmaster.

After 1653, a good 30 Protestant religious refugees from Austria settled here and helped rebuild the place devastated by the Thirty Years' War . In the 16-point report of 1681 seven teams were recorded, as well as the church, the castle, a mill and a brewery. The church still had to be supplied by the Auerbach parish. The mistress of the castle was Christine von Baden-Durlach , the Duchess of Gotha . A year later the manor Jochsberg was converted into the Brandenburg-Ansbach Vogtamt Jochsberg .

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 33 properties in Jochsberg with the Wolfs- and Untreumühle (2 half- yards, 10 Köblergüter , 15 Söldengütlein , 1 Söldengütlein with baking rights, 1 Söldengütlein with forge, 2 mills, 2 empty houses ). The high court continued to exercise the Leutershausen District Bailiff's Office. The village and community rulership and land lordship over all properties was held by the Vogtamt Jochsberg. In addition to the property there was also the castle, a synagogue, the parish church and rectory and communal buildings (schoolhouse, shepherd's house, shepherd's house). From 1792 to 1806 the principality of Ansbach, and thus also Jochsberg, was under Prussian administration. From 1797 to 1808 the place was subordinate to the Justice Office Leutershausen and Chamber Office Colmberg .

In 1799 French religious refugees were quartered in the castle, who set up a cotton factory there. After their return in 1807, the now dilapidated castle was demolished. At that time Jochsberg was known for its "good and healthy beer".

In 1806 Jochsberg came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the municipal edict , the Jochsberg tax district was formed in 1808 , to which Clonsbach , Erlbach , Erndorf , Hundshof , Jochsberg, Lenzersdorf , Saxony , Simonsmühle , Steinbächlein , Untreumühle , Waizendorf and Wolfsmühle belonged. In 1810 two rural communities were formed:

  • Rural community Erlbach with Hundshof, Saxony, Steinbächlein and Waizendorf;
  • Rural community Jochsberg with Clonsbach, Erndorf, Lenzersdorf, Simonsmühle, Untreumühle and Wolfsmühle.

The administration and jurisdiction of the rural community of Jochsberg was subordinate to the district court Leutershausen and the financial administration to the Colmberg Rent Office . From 1862 on, Jochsberg was administered by the Ansbach district office (renamed the Ansbach district in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court Leutershausen until 1879, since 1880 district court Ansbach . In 1880, the financial management was transferred to the Ansbach Rent Office ( renamed the Ansbach Tax Office in 1920 ). The municipality had an area of ​​5.514 km².

After the Second World War, over a hundred refugees found a new home in the community. On January 1, 1972, Jochsberg was incorporated into Leutershausen as part of the regional reform .

Architectural monuments

  • Evangelical Lutheran Parish Church of St. Mauritius , 14./15. Century, south portal (Renaissance sandstone portal) from 1592, with church tower renovated in 1712/13, two Seckendorff tombstones (end of the 15th century)
  • Burgweg 3: barrel-vaulted castle cellar, marked 1315 at the entrance; Castle masonry rising above it in a half-timbered barn
  • Brauhausweg 5: brewery formerly part of the castle; 1898 renewed barn with crooked hip and dormers as well as coat of arms stone v. Seckendorf inscribed 1508. Stable and granary with loading boom and scoop hip, 18th century
  • Brauhausweg 2: two-story building from the 18th century with a hipped roof and half-timbered upper floors
  • Brauhausweg 1: formerly part of the castle; Two-storey building from the 18th century with a hipped roof and portal with coat of arms
  • Altmühlbrücke, built in the 18th century from sandstone blocks with three brick arches and parapet

See also: List of architectural monuments in Leutershausen # Jochsberg

Population development

Jochsberg community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 365 348 368 395 372 359 369 356 357 373 357 331 315 301 293 301 311 302 291 441 414 389 297 310
Houses 88 66 74 72 70 64 64 65
source

Place Jochsberg

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002006
Residents 220 248 255 * 239 246 202 195 283 212 229 236 250
Houses 59 43 49 50 46 47 48 74
source
* including infidelity mill and wolf mill

mayor

Brewery barn from 1508
Surname origin Term of office
Georg Michael Wiesinger Lenzersdorf 1819-1833
Johann Georg Schäfer 1833-1836
Johann Cretser Clonsbach 1836-1850
Johann Leonhard Wiesinger Jochsberg 1850-1864
Georg Koerber Jochsberg 1864-1888
Leonhard Scholl Lenzersdorf 1888-1900
Georg Hörber Jochsberg 1900-1923
Valentin Distler Jochsberg 1923-1938
Friedrich Mack Jochsberg 1938-1945
Hans Diezinger sen. Jochsberg 1945-1948
Friedrich Mack Jochsberg 1948-1966
Hans Diezinger jun. Jochsberg 1966-1972

religion

Jochsberg Castle already had a castle chapel at the beginning of the 14th century. In 1459 Friedrich von Seckendorff had a prayer house built in Renhofen, and in 1527 the St. Mauritius Church was completed. A year later the parish had its first evangelical clergyman and was from then on Protestant. A small Jewish community with its own synagogue was established in the 17th and 18th centuries . Around 1840 around a quarter (68 of 248) of the population were Jewish, in 1925 there were only 2 residents. Until the Second World War there were only a few Catholics. These were originally parish in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross (Schillingsfürst) , with the influx of expellees of the Catholic faith, Maria Queen of Peace was built in Leutershausen, which is a branch church of Schillingsfürst.

literature

  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Jochsberg . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 3 : I-Ne . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1801, DNB  790364301 , OCLC 833753092 , Sp. 23-24 ( digitized version ).
  • Elisabeth Fechter: The place names of the district of Ansbach . Inaugural dissertation. Erlangen 1955, DNB  480570132 , p. 104-105 .
  • Günther P. Fehring : City and district of Ansbach (=  Bavarian art monuments . Volume 2 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1958, DNB  451224701 , p. 115-116 .
  • Manfred Jehle: Ansbach: the margravial chief offices Ansbach, Colmberg-Leutershausen, Windsbach, the Nuremberg nursing office Lichtenau and the Deutschordensamt (Wolframs-) Eschenbach (=  historical atlas of Bavaria, part Franconia . I, 35). Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-7696-6856-8 .
  • Eberhard Krauss: Exiles in the Evangelical Luth. Deanery Leutershausen. A family history investigation (sources and research on Franconian family history, 15) . Society for Family Research in Franconia, Nuremberg 2006, ISBN 3-929865-10-6 , p. 51 f. u. passim .
  • Konrad Rosenhauer et al. (Ed.): The district of Ansbach. Past and present . Publishing house for authorities and business Hoeppner, Aßling-Pörsdorf 1964, DNB  450093387 , p. 158-159 .
  • Hermann Schreiber: Leutershausen . Leutershausen 1975, DNB  810483149 , p. 368-378 .
  • Gottfried Stieber: Jochsberg . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 517-519 ( digitized version ).
  • Karl Ernst Stimpfig: The Jews in Leutershausen, Jochsberg, Colmberg and Wiedersbach . Leutershausen 2000.

Web links

Commons : Jochsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ E. Fechter, p. 104.
  2. ↑ Jochsberg in the Bavaria Atlas
  3. ↑ E. Fechter, p. 104 f. According to H. Schreiber, p. 368, derived from Jochem, a short form by Joachim.
  4. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , 16-point reports 21/1, 7v. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 714.
  5. ↑ E. Krauss, p. 51 f .; H. Schreiber, p. 369.
  6. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , 16-Punkt -berichte 22, 64. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 721.
  7. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 643.
  8. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 872.
  9. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Jochsberg . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 105 ( digitized version ). (= JK Bundschuh, Vol. 3, Col. 23). According to this, there were only 26 subject families.
  10. ↑ H. Schreiber, p. 370; JK Bundschuh, vol. 3, col. 23 f .: “Jochsberg, Evangelical Lutheran parish village on the Altmühl with 26 subjects belonging to the Ansbach Office of Colmberg, with a castle made up of 2 wings and a transverse building. In one of them the chief bailiff lived otherwise, [Sp. 24] in the other the official. The moat of the castle has been filled in and turned into usable gardens and meadows of recent times. The place is known for the good and healthy beer that is brewed here. In 1798 a cotton goods factory was built in the castle. From 1339 to 1631 the place was owned by the von Seckendorf family; but when Johann Joachim von Seckendorf died without a male heir, it fell back to Ansbach as an opened fief. "
  11. ^ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, Levy 1952, 3863: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court Leutershausen 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 964.
  12. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 997.
  13. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 755 ( digitized version ).
  14. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 420 .
  15. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  16. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 45 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Jochsberg plus the residents and buildings of Clonsbach (p. 16), Erndorf (p. 23), Lenzersdorf (p. 54), Untreumühle (p. 97) and Wolfsmühle (p. 105).
  17. ↑ a b c Eduard Vetter (Hrsg.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 189-190 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 164 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 988 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 153 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1154 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  22. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 60 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 173 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1089 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1153-1154 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1190 ( digitized version ).
  27. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1027 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 170 ( digitized version ).
  29. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 328 ( digitized version ).