Petrópolis

Município de Petrópolis "Cidade Imperial" Petrópolis
Image montage for Petrópolis
Petrópolis
Coordinates	22 ° 31 ′  S , 43 ° 12 ′  W Coordinates: 22 ° 31 ′  S , 43 ° 12 ′  W
Location of the municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	16th March 1843 (age 167)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Rio de Janeiro
height	838 m
climate	tropical mountain climate, Cwa
surface	791.1 km²
estimate	306.191 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code	IBGE : 3303906
Time zone	UTC −3
Website	petropolis.rj (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	Bernardo Rossi (2017-2020)
Political party	MDB
economy
GDP	12,811,831  thousand. R $ 42,959  R $ per capita (2017)
HDI	0.745 (high) (2010)
Catholic University of Petrópolis

Petrópolis , officially Município de Petrópolis , is a large city in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro .

geography

Petrópolis is located 60 kilometers north of the city of Rio de Janeiro in the Serra dos Órgãos (Organ Mountains) at an altitude of 838 m above sea level. The municipal area covers around 791.1 km² (2019), the population was estimated on July 1, 2019 at 306,191 inhabitants, who are called Petropolitanos.

Surrounding communities are Areal , Duque de Caxias , Guapimirim , Magé , Miguel Pereira , Paraíba do Sul , Paty do Alferes , São José do Vale do Rio Preto and Teresópolis .

history

Petrópolis was founded in 1825 as a place by German-speaking, especially Tyrolean immigrants. In 1843, the Brazilian Emperor Dom Pedro II asked for an imperial summer residence to be built there . Julius Friedrich Koeler , who was born in Mainz , was entrusted with the planning and construction.

Most of the craftsmen and road workers required were recruited as colonists in Germany . On the basis of a historical city map from September 1846, the regional German origin of the colonists can be recognized by the naming of the twelve colony quarters: Bingen , Ingelheim , Moselle , Nassau , Lower Rheingau , Middle Rheingau, Simmern , Lower Palatinate , Upper Palatinate , Westphalen , Castellania and Petropolis. Likewise at the places: St. Goar , Wiesbaden and Kreuznach . Further quarters were added by December 1846, including Darmstadt and Worms .

In September 1846 Ida Pfeiffer was one of the first foreign guests to visit the young colony on her first trip around the world, as its rapid development caused a sensation in Rio. She reports that the colonists "cultivate various types of European vegetables and fruits, which only thrive at significant heights in tropical countries, for the needs of the capital". At that time there were already 2101 settlers in Petrópolis, including 1921 Germans, and at the end of December 1846 the population was almost 2300 people.

Plan by Petrópolis (from Johann Jakob von Tschudi )

In 1857 the place Petrópolis was raised to the city by Emperor Dom Pedro II. Between 1894 and 1902 Petrópolis was the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro .

economy

In Petrópolis, the global General Electric group operates a plant for overhauling and manufacturing new parts for aircraft engines. For example, the compressor housing for the CFM56-7 engine is manufactured there. Petropolis is also a center of the textile industry with many shops and outlets. The Grupo Petrópolis runs a large brewery here . Their best-known brand is Itapaiva , named after a town in Município, 15 km further north on the main road from Rio.

Another important economic factor is the Universidade Católica de Petrópolis , which was founded in 1953 and has more than 5,000 students.

The tourism industry appears omnipresent with its many souvenir shops that, among other things, make snow globes made in China with the imperial summer palace accessible to a broad public at low cost. Tells of a final glamorous time, the south of the municipios, now in apartments converted Hotel Quitandinha , where from the 1950s to the 1960s, under the artistic direction of former Hungarian football coach to Nicolas Ladanyi stars like Errol Flynn , Greta Garbo and Hollywood - Bosom miracle Jayne Mansfield found.

Many wealthier residents of the city of Rio de Janeiro, especially politicians involved in public procurement and public contractors, have second homes in Petrópolis, where one can escape the often stifling summer heat of the Baixada Fluminense . Houses in so-called Condomínios , New German " Gated Communities ", in Itapaiva are particularly popular, especially when they offer a view of the mountains of the Serra dos Órgãos with their peaks up to more than 2000 meters high.

Culture

Petrópolis is the seat of the most important Brazilian boys' choir Canarinhos . Founded by the German Franciscan Father Laetus in 1942, the choir can be heard on many Sundays in the services of the local Franciscan Church. Concert tours at home and abroad as well as numerous recordings are evidence of the artistic level.

• 

  Imperial Museum

• 

  Palácio Quitandinha (formerly Hotel)

• 

  Sao Pedro de Alcântara Cathedral

church

In the city, which is still characterized by immigrants from various European countries, numerous other Christian churches are represented in addition to the dominant Roman Catholic. The most famous cathedral is the Episcopal Church of the Catholic Diocese of Petrópolis .

crime

The murder rate in 2016/2017 was just under 10 victims per 100,000 inhabitants, which was around a third of that in Brazil and, after Teresópolis, the second lowest among the major cities in Rio de Janeiro.

Sports

When it comes to sport, football naturally dominates in Brazil. The most important in this area in Petrópolis is the Serrano Football Club , founded in 1915 , which takes its name from the Serras, the mountainous landscapes of the area. The club won the championship of the state of Rio de Janeiro in 1929 and 1945 , which at that time did not yet include the then federal capital. In 1999 Serrano won the second division of what is now the state as a whole, but that did not entitle to promotion back then. The stars of the club's history include Kevin Kurányi , center forward for Stuttgart, Schalke and the national team in the 2000s, and Acácio , who made several appearances for Brazil in the second half of the 1980s. Both made their first experiences in club football in Serrano's youth. But the absolute superstar in the club's history is Mané Garrincha , two-time world champion and dribble king of his era, who received money for his arts for the first time at Serrano in 1953. One game earned him more than he earned in half a week as a textile worker in his native town of Pau Grande , just ten kilometers away .

Founded in 1912, EC Cascatinha was a semi-finalist in the state championship in 1943 and briefly in the third class of the state league in the 1990s. The Kaiserburg FC, which competed in German national colors and with a federal eagle on their chest, had a short-lived existence in lower-class state football towards the end of the 2000s. The Estácio de Sá FC, founded in 2004 from the north of the city of Rio, moved to Petrópolis in 2011 and since then has had a few episodes in lower-class national football as Imperial FC.

Attractions

The palace, built for Pedro II in the mid-19th century, is a major attraction in the city. It has housed the Museu Imperial since 1940, which exhibits parts of the imperial furniture, the magnificent state robes, scepter and crown of the last Brazilian emperor in its spacious rooms.

• The house of the aviation pioneer Santos Dumont can be visited in Petrópolis .
• Casa Stefan Zweig: In June 2012, a museum was opened in the house where the Austrian writer Stefan Zweig committed suicide in 1942. The Casa Stefan Zweig project was initiated by Alberto Dines and is supported by the Austrian Memorial Service . The grave of Stefan Zweig is on the Cemitério Municipal , the municipal cemetery.
• The Quitandinha and the Hotel are also interesting
• Crystal Palace Palácio de Cristal , opened by Princess Isabel in 1884
• In the neo-Gothic cathedral are the sarcophagi of the imperial family.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Manuel Said Ali (1861–1953), Romanist, Lusitanist and grammarian
• Magda Tagliaferro (1893–1986), pianist
• Carlos Eduardo de Sabóia Bandeira Melo (1902–1969), Roman Catholic religious, Bishop of Palmas
• Ariel Augusto Nogueira (1910–1990), national soccer player
• César Guerra-Peixe (1914–1993), composer
• Diane von Orléans , Duchess of Württemberg (* 1940), German artist of French origin
• Ernani Aguiar (* 1950), composer, choir director
• Raphael Rabello (1962–1995), musician and composer, one of the most important guitarists in Brazil
• Rodrigo Santoro (born 1975), actor
• Rodolfo Cogliatti (* 1976), composer
• Fábio Pereira da Silva (* 1990), football player
• Rafael Pereira da Silva (* 1990), football player
• Jana Ina (* 1976), Brazilian presenter and model living in Germany

People with a relationship to the city

• Oswaldo Cruz (1872–1917), Brazilian doctor and bacteriologist, died in Petropolis
• Alberto Santos Dumont (1872–32), aviation pioneer, had a summer house here
• Stefan Zweig (1881–1942), Austrian writer, in Petrópolis from 1941, death in exile by suicide on February 22, 1942
• Paulo Evaristo Arns (1921–2016), retired Archbishop of São Paulo and Cardinal of German descent, Franciscan, liberation theologian; 1944–1947 studied theology in Petrópolis, after 1950 pastor and professor at the Catholic University of Petrópolis.
• Leonardo Boff (* 1938), Brazilian theologian, studied in Petrópolis
• Kevin Kurányi (* 1982), German professional footballer, grew up in Petrópolis

Web links

Commons : Petrópolis  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City Prefecture website , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
• City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
• Casa Stefan branch in Petrópolis

Individual evidence

1. ↑ IBGE : Petrópolis - Panorama. Retrieved July 14, 2020 (Portuguese).
2. ↑ ^{a b} Emperor Street . 1860-1870. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Björn Effgen: Petrópolis. A Brazilian “Versailles”. In: Emigration from the regions of today's Rhineland-Palatinate. Institute for Historical Regional Studies at the University of Mainz, accessed on January 14, 2019 . 
4. ↑ Ida Pfeiffer: A women's trip around the world . Verlag Carl Gerold, Vienna 1850, vol. 1, p. 73. ( digitized version ).
5. ^ Johann Jakob von Tschudi: Travels through South America. FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1866–69, 5 vols., 1st vol., Between pp. 204 and 205. ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A10468392~SZ%3D~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
6. ^ Eric Andriolo: Petrópolis é a segunda cidade menos violenta do Rio de Janeiro. In: Diário de Petrópolis. June 7, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018 . 
7. ^ Ruedi Leuthold: Homeless in paradise. In: Zeit Online. Zeit Online GmbH, February 18, 2013, accessed on February 19, 2013 .