Schleissheim airfield
| Schleissheim airfield | |
|---|---|
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| Characteristics | |
| ICAO code | EDNX |
| Coordinates | |
| Height above MSL | 486 m (1594 ft ) |
| Transport links | |
| Distance from the city center | 2 km south of Oberschleißheim |
| Street |
    
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| Basic data | |
| opening | 1912 |
| operator | Schleissheim Airport V. |
| Start-and runway | |
| 08/26 | 808 m × 15 m asphalt |
The Schleissheim airfield (the part of the area used today as an airfield is called the Oberschleißheim special airfield ) is an airfield in the Bavarian town of Oberschleißheim near Munich (about 13 km north of the center), in Jägerstraße 1. It is the oldest airfield in Germany still in operation , the was planned as a military airfield .
history
The airfield was founded in 1912 for the Royal Bavarian Air Force . A subdivision was located at the Gersthofen / Gablingen airfield . Because of the proximity to Schleißheim Palace , all airfield buildings were designed in the “ reduced home style ”. After the First World War , the airfield was used for civilian purposes until 1933, initially as a technical basis for the beginning of civil air traffic, and from 1927 mainly for pilot training.
Nazi era and World War II
After the takeover of the Nazi party , he was in the wake of the Nazi rearmament efforts (see upgrade of the Armed Forces ) to an air base of the Air Force expanded. The construction work was planned and supervised by the architects of the so-called Post Building School . This architectural style, which was unusual for the Nazi era , is also known as "Bavarian Modernism". The air traffic control building, designed by Robert Vorhoelzer in 1933/34 and demolished in December 2007, represented the archetype of this architectural direction in air force construction.
From 1938 the Aviation Technology School in Schleissheim was built in the southern part of the airfield . During the Second World War , the airfield housed a fighter pilot school in 1939/40, a destroyer school in 1940/41, and night fighter school 1 in 1941/42 (from 1943 night fighter squadron 101 ). After the end of the war, the school's accommodation area was used as a DP camp in Schleissheim (Feldmoching) from 1945 to around 1953 (DP = Displaced Person ). A bunkered control center for day and night hunting in southern Germany was built in 1943 under the camouflage name Minotaur . The bunker was blown up in 1971.
A prisoner-of-war camp was located in the south-eastern area of the airfield from 1939 to 1946 . First French and later Soviet prisoners of war were housed here under air force supervision. After the end of the war, the prisoner-of-war camp continued to be used by the US Army , which interned former SS members here . In the nearby Gut Hochmutting there was a satellite camp of the Dachau concentration camp with eleven concentration camp prisoners from a bomb clearance squad.
post war period
From 1945 to 1947 Airfield R.75 , the allied code designation, was used by the Occupation Air Force (OAF) of the US Army of Occupation, or the United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) and from 1947 to 1973 by the US Army used for military purposes, as well as by the Bundeswehr by Army aviators from 1958 to 1981. After that, the military use of the airfield ended.
In 1964, the Federal Border Guard South Air Force , which was set up in Rosenheim in 1962, moved to Schleissheim. In 1981 the squadron took over the hangar that had been abandoned by the Bundeswehr. In 1965/66 a Hawk battery of the French 402e RAA (régiment d'artillerie anti-aérienne) was briefly stationed in Schleissheim.
The second Munich intensive-care transport helicopter, operated jointly by the ADAC and the BRK , was stationed here for a short time .
Federal Police
In the area used by the federal police , a 350-meter-long new building was built after aircraft hangar 4 was demolished. In addition to operation according to visual flight rules, flight operations according to instrument flight rules with corresponding instrument landing procedures were approved for exclusive use by the federal police helicopters. A radio mandatory zone was set up for this purpose . According to aviation law, the helicopter landing pad is an independent special helicopter landing pad with its own identifier EDMX.
present
Today the airfield is used by six air sports clubs and the Oberschleißheim Federal Police Air Force. The actual operator of the special airfield is Flugplatz Schleißheim e. V. , which was formed in 2001 as the umbrella organization for the six flying clubs. In the historical context, the Association for the Preservation of the Historic Flugwerft e. V. ("Der Werftverein") with a focus on the restoration of aircraft engines and the Bayerische-Flugzeug-Historiker e. V. specializes in aviation history . From time to time the Zeppelin NT and the Junkers Ju 52 stop at the airfield, which serves as a starting point for sightseeing flights over Munich. Only the Flugwerft Schleissheim and the two Junkershallen are under monument protection .
future
Following the demolition of hangars 1 to 3, to the south of the new Federal Police building, another new building for the Bavarian Police's squadron was to be built based on an aviation permit . After a successful lawsuit by the municipality of Oberschleißheim, this project was stopped. A plan approval procedure must now be carried out.
Surname
From the establishment in 1912 until the withdrawal of the US armed forces in 1973, the names 'Flugplatz / Fliegerhorst Schleissheim' or 'Schleissheim Army Airfield' were common. The Bundeswehr introduced the name 'Oberschleissheim Airfield', which is still officially valid today. In common parlance, however, Schleissheim Airport is again common.
Flight days
In 1985 and 1987, public flight days were held on the site. When Flugtag 1985, the British took aerobatic team of the Royal Air Force Red Arrows on; the last flight day in September 1987 took place under the patronage of the then Bavarian Prime Minister Franz Josef Strauss .
Schleissheim Airfield is located on the edge of the control zone at Munich Airport. Due to the changed airspace structure in connection with the major airport in Erdinger Moos , which opened in 1992 , the classification of the site as a landscape protection or later as an FFH area and a changed traffic development, no further large-scale flight days with an aerobatic program, especially aerobatic teams, were organizationally possible. The catastrophic flight accident in 1988 at an air show in Ramstein had no effect.
In May 2003, thousands of onlookers and aviation enthusiasts were drawn to the site when the Flugwerft held an airfield festival with flight demonstrations of individual aircraft from different epochs of aviation.
The last big “fly in” with historical aircraft took place in 2012 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the airfield. Since 2012 the shipyard association of the Deutsches Museum has organized an annual flight day in July, which is also listed in the messages of the Deutsches Museum.
museum
On September 18, 1992, a branch of the Deutsches Museum was opened on the site of the airfield . This branch is known as Flugwerft Schleissheim and is partly located in the restored buildings from the time of the Royal Bavarian Air Force. In 2009 the Deutsches Museum planned to build a new central depot south of the new museum hall. This plan has since been abandoned and the central depot is being built in the Aufhausen industrial park near Erding.
Memorial and youth meeting place
Up until 2008, the airport site was home to the “Flight and Expulsion” memorial, which was erected on the initiative of the Federation of Expellees and inaugurated on July 19, 1984 in the presence of Franz Josef Strauss . The memorial consisted of the last surviving pioneer landing craft type 41, which brought thousands of refugees across the Baltic Sea between Pillau and Hela in 1945 , a memorial wall with plaques and glass bricks with soil from twenty places of origin of the displaced and a bell tower with two bells from 1622 and 1652 from the church in Kiwitten in Warmia . A bronze plaque read: "The victims of the expulsion." On eleven commemorative plaques, the role of the Wehrmacht in the evacuation of the civilian population was commemorated. B. on the sixth panel: "Soldiers of the 24th Panzer Division - formerly the 1st East Prussian Cavalry Division - fought to the end for their homeland and for the rescue of refugees from East Prussia ."
The monument was desecrated in 2008 because of its condition and the site was sold to the district of Munich. After extensive demolition of the building stock, a youth meeting center for German-Polish youth exchanges was set up on the site by the Munich-Land District Youth Association. The former “Memorial Flight and Expulsion” was reorganized by a German-Polish commission.
literature
- Association for the preservation of the historic Flugwerft Oberschleißheim e. V. (Ed.): Museum Flugwerft Schleißheim . Festschrift for the opening on 12./13. September 1992, 50 pp.
Web links
- Schleissheim Airport - official website
- Schleissheim - in old views
- Schleissheim airfield in the Bavaria Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bayerische Flugzeughistoriker e. V. (accessed on August 20, 2020)
- ↑ Feldmoching: DP camp Schleissheim (Feldmoching). (No longer available online.) In: Kulturhistorischer Verein auf dem Gfild e. V. Formerly in the original ; accessed on June 28, 2019 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ 402- Historique du 402ème Régiment d'Artillerie
- ↑ New buildings for the Federal Police Air Squadron South and for the Bavarian Police Helicopter Squadron at Oberschleißheim airfield. In: Staatliches Bauamt München 1. Archived from the original ; Retrieved January 6, 2013 .
- ↑ Success for Oberschleißheim. In: sueddeutsche.de. May 7, 2015, accessed March 21, 2018 .
- ↑ DFS / AIP: Approach chart and airfield information Oberschleißheim EDNX
- ↑ Alfred Dürr, Klaus Bachhuber: Treasures to daylight. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. May 17, 2010, accessed June 28, 2019 .
- ↑ Gabi Zierz: Deutsches Museum building depot in Erding. In: Merkur.de. September 12, 2014, accessed June 28, 2019 .
- ↑ Website of the Federation of Expellees: Mahn- und Gedenkstätten - Bayern ( Memento of November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 5.3 MB. Page 16)
- ^ East and West Prussia Foundation in Bavaria ( Memento from October 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ House: Heiner Janik House - JBS at the Tower. In: Kreisjugendring München-Land. Retrieved June 28, 2019 .
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