Šaratice

Šaratice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Vyškov
Area :	822 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 7 ′  N , 16 ° 48 ′  E Coordinates: 49 ° 7 ′ 1 ″  N , 16 ° 48 ′ 7 ″  E
Height:	204  m nm
Residents :	1,046 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	683 53
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Křenovice - Újezd ​​u Brna
Railway connection:	Brno - Přerov
Next international airport :	Brno-Tuřany
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Karel Kalouda (as of 2010)
Address:	Náves 83 683 53 Šaratice
Municipality number:	593613
Website :	www.saratice.cz
Location of Šaratice in the Vyškov district

Šaratice (German Scharatitz , formerly Scharaditz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers northeast of Újezd ​​u Brna and belongs to the Okres Vyškov .

geography

Šaratice is located in the extreme northeast of the Thaya-Schwarza valley basin on the left bank of the Litava ( Leitha ). To the west rises the Stará hora (307 m) and in the northwest of the Pracký Kopec ( Pratzeberg , 324 m). The railway line from Brno to Přerov passes northwest of the village , the nearest train station is Hostěrádky-Rešov . To the south and south-west there are fountains of healing water from Šaratica . To the west is the Naloch desert.

Neighboring towns are Zbýšov in the north, Křenovice , Hrušky and Vážany nad Litavou in the north-east, Kavriánov , Heršpice and Nížkovice in the east, Kobeřice u Brna and Milešovice in the south-east, Otnice in the south, Rychmanov and Újezd ​​u Brna in the south-west, and Rejezdky Brna in the south - west Prace to the northwest.

history

Archaeological finds show that the area has been inhabited since prehistory . The oldest traces of human life come from mammoth hunters from the time between 40,000 and 25,000 BC. Furthermore, a burial place of the cord ceramic culture from the time around 4500 BC was built. BC, vessels and gold earrings from the bell-cup culture and graves from the Lusatian culture from the Middle Bronze Age . On the Kopeček hill there was probably a princely grave of the Horakov culture ( Horákovská kultura ) from the Hallstatt period from the 7th century BC. The remains of large pile dwellings and 156 cremation graves can be dated to the first four centuries after the beginning of the era. In addition, 33 graves from the Longobard period between 400 and 600 as well as four Slavic graves and a Conradin denarius from the Old Moravian period between 600 and 1000 were found.

The first written mention of Šaratice was in 1209 in a by Pope Innocent III. confirmed the deed of gift of Sophie von Klobouk to the Premonstratensian monastery Obrowitz. It can also be seen that the village was founded by Sophie's husband Lev von Klobouk. The place name is derived from the personal name Žerata or Žirata . Another mention of the place can be found in a certificate of ownership by Pope Gregory IX. of September 24, 1237. In 1314 King John of Luxembourg granted Obrowitz subjects, namely those in Scharatitz, free citizenship. As a result of the burning down of the monastery by the Hussites in 1433, the monastery fire in 1638 and another arson by the Swedes in 1645, only a few documents from the period before the 17th century have survived. The village of Naloch has been called desolate since 1545. Since 1654 in Šaratice register books out. The hoof register lists 50 properties for Šaratice, 15 of which were desolate as a result of the Thirty Years' War. In 1695 a one-class parish school was set up, which was also attended by children from Hostěrádky, Zbýšov and Vážany. In 1718 the village consisted of 41 farms. Two years later, 456 people lived in the 66 houses in Šaratice. After the abolition of the monastery in the course of the Josephine reforms, Šaratice fell to the religious fund in 1784. In 1785, the village of Kawrianow was laid out to the east of Scharatitz on the former monastery property . This establishment of the town meant that in 1788 the school in Scharatitz had to be expanded. On December 2, 1805, the Battle of the Three Emperors took place west of the village , and the place suffered severe damage. In 1807 the Meierhof Scharatitz-Schinkowitz was separated from the Obrowitz goods and sold to the Imperial and Royal Truchseß Anton Mayer von Mayern. In 1830 the Imperial and Royal State Goods Disposal Commission sold the Obrowitz estate with all its accessories for the highest bid for 222,000 florins to Franz Xaver von Dietrichstein- Proskau. The villages of Scharatitz, Zbegschow and Cawrianow belonged to the Scharatitz allodial property at that time . In 1834 the new cemetery was laid out. In the same year the village consisted of 76 houses and had 428 inhabitants.

After the replacement of patrimonial Šaratice formed from 1850 a community in the district administration Wischau . In 1855 a new two-story school building was inaugurated. In 1869 Šaratice was promoted to a market town and was given the right to hold two annual fairs. In the same year the Brno - Přerov railway line was inaugurated, with stations in Sokolnice and Křenovice. The water of the Scharatitz bitter spring has been used for healing purposes since 1888. In 1890, 648 people lived in Šaratice. The Scharatitz volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1891. In 1909 a new three-class village school was inaugurated. In 1913 Šaratice got a post office. Kavriánov was incorporated into Šaratice in 1919 and lost its status as a district in 1923. Between 1949 and 1959, Šaratice was part of Okres Slavkov and came back to Okres Vyškov after its dissolution . Between 1976 and 1990 Hostěrádky-Rešov and Zbýšov were incorporated, they have since formed their own communities again. There are several vineyards around Šaratice . The parishes are Kavriánov, Zbýšov, Hostěrádky and Vážany nad Litavou.

Community structure

No districts are designated for the municipality of Šaratice. The locality Kavriánov ( Cawrianow ) belongs to Šaratice .

Attractions

• Parish church of St. Nikolaus , neo-Romanesque building from the years 1902–1903. It was built on the site of the old church according to plans by the builder Richard Martin as a blessing from God . The Poledňák bell, cast in 1697, comes from the old church and was found in Prague after it was withdrawn during the Second World War .
• baroque statue of St. John of Nepomuk, in front of the church, created in the 18th century
• Rectory, built in 1665
• Kopeček hill, near Kavriánov above the road to Hrušky, archaeological site from the time of the Great Migration and Slavic burial site
• The Šaratica Medicinal Water Fountain , on the Kaluženy corridor south of the village, protected as a cultural monument
• Stone crosses
• Prayer pillar

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)

Web links

Commons : Šaratice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Location description on velkopavlovicko.cz