List of traditional radicals
Radicals are called the root characters (Latin radix "root") of the Chinese script , according to which characters can be found in Chinese and Japanese reference works.
history
The radicals are the number and shape of the lines listed . This system of recognizable elementary signs has been preserved to this day. The number of radicals, which in the lexicon Shuowen Jiezi ( "Explanation of the Characters" ) from the year 121 AD still amounted to 540, was continuously reduced.
The number of 214 radicals was established by the renowned Kangxi Zidian from 1716. Some modern Chinese script dictionaries use a list of 227 radicals instead of the traditional 214 radicals . It is also important to distinguish it from the 189 radicals of the Simplified Chinese Script, enacted in 1956 by the government of the People's Republic of China and officially only used there.
Systematics
The following list contains the 214 traditional radicals of the Chinese characters , which are also used in Japanese as Kanji and in Korean as Hanja , and their frequency in the Kangxi dictionary, which comprises 40,193 characters, that is, in how many characters the radicals as radical ("governing “) Find use; In addition to this function as a radical, the characters are often added to many other characters as regular components.
The enormous disparity in frequency is striking. While the three radicals with the greatest number of character combinations , namely grass艹 (1,902 characters), water氵 (1,595 characters) and wood木 (朩) (1,369 characters) together already make up 12.1 percent of all characters, 128 characters on the other At the end of the frequency table (with less than 100 character combinations each), a total of just 11.8 percent. With the ten most common radicals, 30 percent of all characters can be found in the dictionary.
In Chinese, the position of a radical in the character is indicated with suffixes: (字) 旁- (zì) páng (left or right), (字) 頭 - ( zì) tóu (above), (字) 底 - (zì) dǐ (below) and (字) 框 - ( zì) kuāng (encirclement or enclosure). In general, there is a tendency towards three syllables in these terms, which is why -zì- (字, "characters") is sometimes inserted, sometimes left out. There are also some independent names for elements that have special shapes, such as B. 兩點 冰liǎngdiǎnbīng ("two-point ice": 冫), 三點水sāndiǎnshuǐ ("three-point water": 氵) or 四 點火sìdiǎnhuǒ ("four-point fire": 灬). In addition, there are separate names for each radical that are traditionally used in Kangxi Zidian, but are generally little known in everyday life ( noted in the table below under Pīnyīn ).
In Japanese the names of the radicals are often given the endings -hen ( 偏 , left), -tsukuri ( 旁 , right), -kanmuri ( 冠 , above), -ashi ( 脚 , below), - according to the position used in the Kanji . kamae ( 構 , enclosure), -tare ( 垂 , left and above) or -nyō ( 繞 , left and below).
Table of radicals
6 radicals with line number 1 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
1 | 一 | yī | one | 42 | 七 三 不 世 | |
2 | 丨 | gǔn | Vertical line | 21st | 中 | |
3 | 丶 | zhǔ | Drip line | 10 | 丸 主 | |
4th | 丿 (乀, 乁) | piě | slash | 33 | 久 之 乎 | |
5 | 乙 (乚, 乛) | yǐ | rounded vertical line, hook, the / the / the second | 42 | 九 也 | |
6th | 亅 | jué | Vertical line with hook | 19th | 了事 | |
23 radicals with line number 2 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
7th | 二 | he | two | 29 | 五 井 些 亞 | |
8th | 亠 | tóu | Cover (head) | 38 | 亡 交 京 | |
9 | 人 ( 亻 left ) | rén | Human, everyone, someone, everyone, personality, character | 794 | 仁 休 位 今 | |
10 | 儿 | he | Legs, child, teenager, son | 52 | 兄 元 | |
11 | 入 | rù | enter, enter, income, coincide with | 28 | 入 兩 | |
12 | 八 ( 丷 ) | bā | eight, share | 44 | 公 六 共 兵 | |
13 | 冂 | jiōng | include, wilderness, free / open land | 50 | 内 再 | |
14th | 冖 | mì | cover | 30th | 冗 冠 | |
15th | 冫 | bīng | ice | 115 | 冬 冶 冷凍 | |
16 | 几 | jī | Small table | 38 | 凡 | |
17th | 凵 | qiǎn / kǎn | Container, open mouth | 23 | 凶 出 函 | |
18th | 刀 (刁, 刂) | dāo | Knife, sword, cutting weapon, saber | 377 | 刀 分 切 初 利 刻 則 前 班 | |
19th | 力 | lì | Power, strength, ability | 163 | 力 加 助 勉 | |
20th | 勹 | bāo | wrap up, hug | 64 | 勾 包 | |
21st | 匕 | bǐ | Dagger, spoon | 19th | 化 北 | |
22nd | 匚 | fang | box | 64 | 匣 | |
23 | 匸 | xǐ | hide, round box | 17th | 匹 區 | |
24 | 十 | shí | ten, completely, completely | 55 | 十 午 半 博 | |
25th | 卜 | bǔ | oracle | 45 | 占卦 | |
26th | 卩 (卪) | jié | Seal, (bamboo knot) | 40 | 印 危 卵 | |
27 | 厂 | hǎn | slope | 129 | 厚 原 | |
28 | 厶 | sī | Private | 40 | 去 參 | |
29 | 又 | yòu | again, still, hand | 91 | 友 反 取 受 | |
31 radicals with line number 3 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
30th | 口 | kǒu | Mouth, opening, entrance, mouth | 1,146 | 口 古 可 名 君 否 呉 告 周 味 命 和 哲唐 善 器 | |
31 | 囗 | wéi | Boundary, fencing | 118 | 四 回國 圖 | |
32 | 土 | tǔ | Earth, soil, land, uncultivated | 580 | 土 在 地 型 城 場 壁 壓 | |
33 | 士 | shì | Scholar, intellectual, bachelor, soldier | 24 | 士 壹 | |
34 | 夂 | zhǐ | stroll | 11 | (夂) | |
35 | 夊 | suī | overtake | 23 | 夏 | |
36 | 夕 | xī | Evening, sunset | 34 | 夕 外 多 夜 | |
37 | 大 (夨) | there | big, huge, enormous, age, very | 132 | 大 天 奈奧 | |
38 | 女 | nǚ | Woman, female | 681 | 女 好 妄 妻 姉 始 姓 姫 | |
39 | 子 (孑, 孒, 孓) | zǐ | Child, master, seed | 83 | 子 孔 字 學 | |
40 | 宀 | mián | top, roof | 246 | 守 家 寒 實 | |
41 | 寸 | cùn | Thumb, inch | 40 | 寸 寺 尊 將 | |
42 | 小 | xiǎo | small, insignificant, insignificant, young | 41 | 小 少 | |
43 | 尢 (尣) | wāng | lame, broken leg | 66 | 就 | |
44 | 尸 | shī | Corpse, corpse | 148 | 尺 局 | |
45 | 屮 | chè | Scion, germ | 38 | 屯 | |
46 | 山 | shān | Mountain, mountain range | 636 | 山岡 岩 島 | |
47 | 巛 (巜, 川) | chuān | Stream, river | 26th | 川 州 巡 | |
48 | 工 | gong | job | 17th | 工 左 巫 差 | |
49 | 己 (已, 巳) | jǐ | self, personal, own | 20th | 己巳 | |
50 | 巾 | jīn | Cloth, scarf | 295 | 市 布 帝 常 | |
51 | 干 | gān | dry, shield (weapon) | 9 | 平年 | |
52 | 幺 | yāo | young, low, small | 50 | 幻 幼 | |
53 | 广 | yǎn | Sloping roof | 15th | 序 店 府 度 座 庭 廣 廳 | |
54 | 廴 | yín | move, march | 9 | 延 | |
55 | 廾 (卄, 廿) | gǒng (niàn) | folded hands (twenty) | 50 | 弁 | |
56 | 弋 | yì | Hunting arrow, javelin, hook | 15th | 式 弑 | |
57 | 弓 | gong | arc | 165 | 弓 引 弟 弱 彌 | |
58 | 彐 (彑) | jì | Pig's head, pig's trunk | 25th | 彖 | |
59 | 彡 | shān | Beard, hair | 62 | 形 彦 | |
60 | 彳 | chì | Step, go for a walk | 215 | 役 彼 後 得 徳 徼 | |
34 radicals with line number 4 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
61 | 心 ( 忄 left ) | xīn | Heart, feeling | 1,115 | 必 忙 忌 性 悪 情 想 | |
62 | 戈 | gē | Spear, halberd, bat ax | 116 | 成 戦 | |
63 | 戶 (户, 戸) | hù | Gun, door, house, family | 44 | 戸 戻 所 | |
64 | 手 ( 才 , 扌 left ) | shǒu | Hand, hold in hand | 1,203 | 手 打 持 掛 挙 | |
65 | 支 | zhī | Branch, support, straighten, branch | 26th | 攱 攲 | |
66 | 攴 (攵) | pū | hit, whip | 296 | 收 敍 數 斅 | |
67 | 文 | whom | Culture, writing (characters), language | 26th | 文 斊 | |
68 | 斗 | du | Scheffel, Dou (measure of measure) | 32 | 料 斡 | |
69 | 斤 | jīn | Ax, pound | 55 | 斦 斧 新 | |
70 | 方 | fang | Cardinal direction, square | 92 | 方 放 旅 族 | |
71 | 无 (旡) | wú | not, none, without | 12 | 无 既 旣 | |
72 | 日 | rì | Sun, day | 453 | 日 白百明 的 映 時 晩 | |
73 | 曰 | yuē | say speak | 37 | 書 最 | |
74 | 月 | yuè | Moon, month | 69 | 有 服 青 朝 | |
75 | 木 (朩) | mù | Tree, wood | 1,369 | 木 杢 板 相 根 森 楽 機 | |
76 | 欠 | qiàn | lack, yawn | 235 | 欣欽欧 欲 歌 | |
77 | 止 | zhǐ | stop, stop, stop | 99 | 正 歩 | |
78 | 歹 (歺) | dǎi | decompose, bad | 231 | 死 列 殕 | |
79 | 殳 | shu | Halberd, lance | 93 | 役 投 殴 殷 | |
80 | 毋 | wú | Mother, don't | 16 | 毋 母 毎 姆梅 | |
81 | 比 | bǐ | compare, measure yourself against | 21st | 皆 批 | |
82 | 毛 | máo | Hair, bristle | 211 | 毟 毡 毦 毫 毳 耗 | |
83 | 氏 | shì | Family, clan | 10 | 氏 民 紙 婚 氓 | |
84 | 气 | qì | Breath, air, gas, steam | 17th | 気 汽 氧 | |
85 | 水 ( 氵 left , 氺 ) | shuǐ | Water, body of water | 1,595 | 水 永 泳 決 治 海 演 漢 瀬 | |
86 | 火 ( 灬 below ) | huǒ | Fire | 639 | 火 灯 無 燃爆 | |
87 | 爪 ( 爫 above ) | zhǎo | Claw, claw | 36 | 爬 爯 | |
88 | 父 | fù | father | 10 | 斧 釜 | |
89 | 爻 | yáo | mix, cross, tie | 16 | 爼 爽 爾 | |
90 | 爿 | qiáng / pian | split wood (always on the left) | 48 | 丬 | 牀 奘 牃 |
91 | 片 | piàn | split wood, disc (always left) | 77 | 版 牌 牒 | |
92 | 牙 | yá | canine | 9 | 㸧 牚 | |
93 | 牛 ( 牜 left ) | niú | Beef; 2. Earth branch | 233 | 牟 牧 物 特 解 | |
94 | 犬 ( 犭 left ) | quǎn | dog | 444 | 犬 犯 狂 狙 狗 献 獣 | |
23 radicals with line number 5 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
95 | 玄 | xuan | dark | 6th | 率 玆 | |
96 | 玉 (玊, 王) | yù (wáng) | Jade (king) | 473 | 王玉 主 弄 皇 理 差 聖 | |
97 | 瓜 | guā | Melon, pumpkin, cucumber | 55 | 呱 瓞 | |
98 | 瓦 | wǎ | brick | 174 | 瓧 瓮 甄 | |
99 | 甘 | gān | sweet, tasty | 22nd | 柑 甜 酣 | |
100 | 生 | shēng | be born, live, generate | 22nd | 牲 笙 甥 | |
101 | 用 (甩) | yòng | use, use, need | 10 | 佣 甬 甯 | |
102 | 田 (由 甲申 甴 电) | tián | Rice field | 192 | 田 町 思 留 略 番 | |
103 | 疋 | pǐ (shū) | Roll of clothing fabric, ball of fabric (foot) | 15th | 疏 楚 胥 延 旋 | |
104 | 疒 | chuáng | illness | 526 | 病症 痛 癌 癖 | |
105 | 癶 | bō | Spread legs, two hands above | 15th | 発 登 | |
106 | 白 | bái | White | 109 | 皃 的 皆 皇 | |
107 | 皮 | pi | Skin, shell, fur | 94 | 披 彼 波 | |
108 | 皿 | mǐn | Bowl, plate | 129 | 盂 盉 盍 監 蘯 | |
109 | 目 | mù | eye | 647 | 目見 具 省 眠 眼 観 覧 | |
110 | 矛 | máo | Halberd, spear, lance | 65 | 茅 矜 | |
111 | 矢 | shǐ | arrow | 64 | 医 族 矩 | |
112 | 石 | shí | stone | 499 | 石岩 砂 破 碑 碧 | |
113 | 示 ( 礻 left ) | shì | show, ancestors, worship | 213 | 示 礼 社 奈 神祭 視 禁 福 | |
114 | 禸 | róu | Footsteps, trace | 12 | 禹 禺 禽 | |
115 | 禾 | hé | Grain | 431 | 利 私 季 和 科 香 秦 穀 | |
116 | 穴 | xué | cave | 298 | 空 突 窅 窘 窩 窶 竇 | |
117 | 立 | lì | stand, straighten up | 101 | 立 音 産 翌 意 新 端 親 競 | |
29 radicals with line number 6 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
118 | 竹 ( ⺮ above ) | zhú | bamboo | 953 | 竺 笑 第 等 簡 | |
119 | 米 | mǐ | rice | 318 | 料 断 奥 糊 麟 | |
120 | 糸 (糹) | mì | silk | 823 | 纟 | 系 級 紙 素 細 組 終 絵 紫 |
121 | 缶 | fǒu | Jug, amphora | 77 | 缶 缸 窑 陶 | |
122 | 网 (罒, 罓, ⺳) | wǎng | network | 163 | 買 罪 置 羅 | |
123 | 羊 | yáng | Sheep goat; 8. Earth branch | 156 | 着 羚 翔 着 | |
124 | 羽 | yǔ | bird feather | 220 | 習 翀 翁 翔 | |
125 | 老 (耂, 考) | lǎo | old | 22nd | 耆 孝 耋 | |
126 | 而 | he | and with, and, but | 22nd | 耎 耐 耑 | |
127 | 耒 | lěi | Plow, harrow | 84 | 耔 耝 耨 耰 | |
128 | 耳 | he | ear | 172 | 取 聞 職 叢 | |
129 | 聿 | yù | Writing brush | 19th | 律 書 建 | |
130 | 肉 ( 月 left ) | ròu | flesh | 674 | 肉 肖 股 胃 腅 脤 | |
131 | 臣 | chén | Servant, minister, subject, official | 16 | 臥 宦 蔵 | |
132 | 自 | zì | self | 34 | 自 臫 臬 臲 | |
133 | 至 | zhì | arrive, reach | 24 | 致 臸 臺 | |
134 | 臼 | jiù | mortar | 71 | 桕 舅 舂 鼠 插 | |
135 | 舌 | shé | tongue | 31 | 乱 适 話 舍 | |
136 | 舛 | chuǎn | opposite, wrong, lying next to each other | 10 | 舛 舜 舞 | |
137 | 舟 | zhōu | Ship, boat, barge | 197 | 航 船艦 | |
138 | 艮 | gene | border | 5 | 良 艱 | |
139 | 色 | sè | Color, feminine beauty | 21st | 色 艴 艷 | |
140 | 艸 ( 艹 above ) | cǎo | grass | 1,902 | 共 花 英 苦 草 茶 落幕 靴 鞄 薬 | |
141 | 虍 | hu | tiger | 114 | 虎 虐 彪 虒 | |
142 | 虫 | hǔi | Worm, insect | 1,067 | 蚯蚓 強 触 蟻 蟹 | |
143 | 血 | xuè | blood | 60 | 洫 衁 衅 衆 | |
144 | 行 | xíng | go, do, do | 53 | 行 衍 術 衝 | |
145 | 衣 ( 衤 left ) | yī | dress | 607 | 衣 初 被 装 裁 複 | |
146 | 襾 (西 覀) | yà (xī) | cover (vests) | 29 | 西 要 覊 | |
20 radicals with line number 7 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
147 | 見 | jiàn | see | 161 | 见 | 規 親 覺 觀 |
148 | 角 | jiǎo | Horn, corner | 158 | 觚 解 觕 觥 觸 | |
149 | 言 ( 訁 left ) | yán | speak, word | 861 | 讠left | 誁 詋 詔 評 詗 詥 試 詧 |
150 | 谷 | gǔ | Valley, gorge; Grain | 54 | 谿 豀 谸 | |
151 | 豆 | dòu | antique eating / sacrificial vessel with high round base, bean | 68 | 豈 豐 豎 | |
152 | 豕 | shǐ | pig | 148 | 豖 豚 象 | |
153 | 豸 | zhì | Reptile, cat, small hairy animal | 140 | 豹 貌 貓 貈 貉 | |
154 | 貝 | bèi | Shell or snail money, cowrie | 277 | 贝 | 財 賊 賜 贛 貧 貨 貫 貿 |
155 | 赤 | chì | vermilion, naked | 31 | 赫 赭 | |
156 | 走 (赱) | zǒu | run away | 285 | 赴 起 超 | |
157 | 足 ( ⻊ left ) | to | foot | 580 | 跑 跨 跟 跪 路 | |
158 | 身 | shēn | Body, trunk | 97 | 躬 躲 軀 | |
159 | 車 | chē | Car, wheel, vehicle | 361 | 车 | 軌 軟 較 軍 載 |
160 | 辛 | xīn | bitter, spicy, biting, hard, laborious | 36 | 辜 辟 辣 辦 辨 | |
161 | 辰 | chén | 7 am-9am, morning, 5th earth branch | 15th | 辱 農 | |
162 | 辵 (辶辶 left ) | chuò | go forward | 381 | 巡 迎 通 追逃 辶 迎 進 | |
163 | 邑 ( ⻏ right ) | yì | Community, village | 350 | 那 邦 郎 部 郭 都 鄉 | |
164 | 酉 | yǒu | Wine jug, alcohol | 290 | 醉 酱油 醒 酸 | |
165 | 釆 | biàn | separate, distinguish, select | 14th | 釉 釋 | |
166 | 里 | lǐ | Mile, village, unit of measurement 0.5 km | 14th | 野 野 | |
9 radicals with line number 8 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
167 | 金 (釒 left) | jīn | Metal, gold | 806 | 钅 | 銀 銅釘 銳 鋞 鋙 鉒 鉍 鉗 鈡 鈠 |
168 | 長 (镸) | cháng | long, older, growing | 55 | 长 | 镸 镽 |
169 | 門 | men | Gate, door | 246 | 门 | 間 閑 關 闘 閉 開 閏 間 關 |
170 | 阜 ( 阝 left ) | fù | Hill, dam | 348 | 阪 防阻 陆 陘 院 险 陳 | |
171 | 隶 | lì | catch, be subordinate | 12 | 隸 隺 | |
172 | 隹 | zhuī | little bird | 233 | 雀 集 雁 难 雀 雅 | |
173 | 雨 (⻗ above) | yǔ | rain | 298 | 雾 霜雪 霸 雪 雲霧 | |
174 | 靑 (青) | qīng | blue-green, young | 17th | 靕 靖 靜 | |
175 | 非 | fēi | wrong, no, mistake | 25th | 靠靠 靟 | |
11 radicals with line number 9 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
176 | 面 (靣) | miàn | face | 66 | 靦 靨 | |
177 | 革 | gé | untanned leather, hide, change | 305 | 靴 鞍 鞅 鞍 鞭 | |
178 | 韋 | wéi | tanned leather | 100 | 韦 | 韋韓韜 |
179 | 韭 | jiǔ | leek | 20th | 韱 韲 | |
180 | 音 | yīn | Loud, sound | 43 | 韶 韻 韾 | |
181 | 頁 | yè | head | 372 | 页 | 頃 項 順 須 領頭 頩 頂 |
182 | 風 | fēng | wind | 182 | 风 | 颱 飄 颿 颩 颪 |
183 | 飛 | fēi | to fly | 92 | 飞 | 飜 飝 |
184 | 食 (飠left ) | shí | Food, feed | 403 | 饣 | 飯 飲 餓 餘 餐 養 |
185 | 首 | shǒu | Head, head | 20th | 馗 馘 | |
186 | 香 | xiāng | Scent | 37 | 馨 馫 | |
8 radicals with line number 10 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
187 | 馬 | mǎ | Horse; 7. Earth branch | 472 | 马 | 馮 馴 馳 駐 驚 |
188 | 骨 | gǔ | bone | 185 | 骼 髒 髀 骿 骾 | |
189 | 高 (髙) | gāo | high | 34 | 髚 髛 | |
190 | 髟 | biāo | long hair | 243 | 髮 鬚 鬆 鬍 髦 | |
191 | 鬥 | dòu | fight | 23 | [斗] | 鬧 鬪 |
192 | 鬯 | chàng | fragrant herbs | 8th | 鬰 鬱 | |
193 | 鬲 | lì | tripod | 73 | 鬶 鬷 鬸 | |
194 | 鬼 | guǐ | Ghost, demon | 141 | 魂 魁 鬽 魄 | |
6 radicals with line number 11 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
195 | 魚 | yú | fish | 571 | 鱼 | 鯉 鮑 魛 魜 魝 魞 魟 魠 |
196 | 鳥 | niǎo | bird | 750 | 鸟 | 鳫 鳮 鳱 鳳鳴 鳿 鳴 鴻 鴛 |
197 | 鹵 | lǔ | Salt, lye | 44 | 卤 | 鹹 鹼 鹽 |
198 | 鹿 | lù | Deer fawn | 104 | 塵 麃 麋 麉 麟 | |
199 | 麥 | May | Wheat, barley | 131 | 麦 | 麴 麵 麱 麨 麺 |
200 | 麻 | má | Hemp, flax, jute | 34 | 麼 魔 | |
4 radicals with line number 12 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
201 | 黃 | huáng | yellow | 42 | 黄 | 黊 黌 |
202 | 黍 | shǔ | millet | 46 | 黏 黎 | |
203 | 黑 | hēi | black | 172 | 黒 | 點 黛 黱 黨 |
204 | 黹 | zhǐ | embroidery, needlework | 8th | 黼 黻 | |
4 radicals with line number 13 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
205 | 黽 (黾) | mǐn | Frog, amphibian | 40 | 黾 | 鼈 黿 鼆 |
206 | 鼎 | dǐng | three-legged kettle, tripod | 14th | 鼏 鼒 | |
207 | 鼓 (鼔) | gǔ | drum | 46 | 鼗 鼘 | |
208 | 鼠 | shǔ | Rat, mouse; 1. Earth branch | 92 | 鼡 | 鼢 鼣 鼤 |
2 radicals with line number 14 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
209 | 鼻 | bi | nose | 49 | 鼼 鼽 鼿 | |
210 | 齊 | qí | equal, order, evenly | 18th | 斉 齐 | 齋 齏 齏 |
1 radical with lines 15 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
211 | 齒 | chǐ | Molar, tooth | 162 | 歯 齿 | 齡 齠 齗 |
2 radicals with line number 16 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
212 | 龍 | lóng | Dragon | 14th | 竜 龙 | 龖 龘 |
213 | 龜 | guī | turtle | 24 | 亀 龟 | 龝 |
1 radical with line number 17 | ||||||
No. | Characters (variants) | Pīnyīn | Meaning and Notes | fre- ness |
short character |
Examples |
214 | 龠 | yuè | flute | 19th | 龣 龤 |
Sort order
The assignment of the characters in Unicode to code points is carried out in a traditional order. The series begins with radical 1 (code point U + 4E00), followed by all connections with the radical in ascending order according to the number of additional lines. The next section begins with radical 2 (code point U + 4E28), then again all connections according to the number of lines; this is repeated up to radical 214 (code point U + 9FA0).
- ↑ 國語 小 字典 _ 部首 字音 讀 表. Retrieved September 3, 2018 .
-
↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Within a radical area, the characters are sorted according to the number of additional dashes, for most radicals regardless of the possible replacement of the original radical by an abbreviation -Variant.
With some radicals, however, there are two such series, one with the original radical and all additional lines, and then a second with the radical variant and again with all additional lines.
literature
- Edoardo Fazzioli : Painted Words. 214 Chinese characters - from picture to concept. Marixverlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-937715-34-7 .
- Georg von der Gabelentz : Chinese grammar. With the exclusion of the lower style and today's colloquial language . 1881 (Reprint: Halle, VEB Max-Niemeyer-Verlag 1960, V. Lexical arrangement of the characters , § 155 - § 171)
- Wang Hongyuan: The Origin of Chinese Writing . Sinolingua, Beijing 1997, ISBN 7-80052-328-4 .
- Bernhard Karlgren : Writing and language of the Chinese . Springer, Berlin, 2001, ISBN 3-540-07108-3
- Li Leyi : Development of the Chinese script using the example of 500 characters. Language and Culture College Publishing House, Beijing 1993, ISBN 7-5619-0206-9 .
- Cecilia Lindqvist : A world of signs - about the Chinese and their writing. Droemer Knaur, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-426-26482-X .
Lexicons (selection)
- Qing Dynasty (1716) Kāngxī zìdiǎn ( 康熙字典 ) (over 47,000 characters)
- Republic of China (1915) Zhōnghuá dà zìdiǎn ( 中華 大 字典 / 中华 大 字典 ) (over 48,000 characters)
- People's Republic of China (1986-1990) Hànyǔ dà zìdiǎn ( 漢語大字典 / 汉语大字典 ) (about 54,600 characters)
- Zhōnghuá zìhǎi (1994) ( 中華 字 海 / 中华 字 海 ), historical dictionary of characters (around 87,000 characters)
- Dae Jaweon ( kor : 대 자원 ). Samseoung Publishing Co. Ltd, Seoul, 1988
- Jack Halpern: The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary (KALD) . Kōdansha America, New York, 2002, ISBN 4-7700-2855-5 .
- Li Zhuomin ( 李卓敏 , Lǐ Zhuōmǐn ): Lishi zhongwen zidian ( 李氏 中文 字典 , Lǐshì zhōngwén zìdiǎn ). Xuelin chubanshe, Shanghai, 1981
- Mathews' Chinese-English Dictionary
- Morohashi Tetsuji ( 諸 橋 轍 次 : Dai Kan-Wa jiten ( 大漢 和 辞典 ), "Comprehensive Chinese-Japanese Dictionary")
- Rüdenberg / Stange: Chinese-German dictionary . Cram, de Gruyter & Co., Hamburg, 1963/1980, ISBN 3-11-000020-2 .
Web links
- xiucai.oai.de (Introduction to the topic of radicals; PDF file; 1.77 MB)
- hadamitzki.de (introduction to radicals)
- kanjialive.com (List of 214 Japanese radicals based on Kangxi and their variants)
- jakobsjapanisch.de (List of important Japanese radicals by frequency)