Bexbach
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 49 ° 21 ' N , 7 ° 15' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Saarland | |
County : | Saarpfalz district | |
Height : | 247 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 31.08 km 2 | |
Residents: | 17,626 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 567 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postcodes : | 66441-66450 | |
Area code : | 06826 | |
License plate : | HOM | |
Community key : | 10 0 45 111 | |
LOCODE : | DE BEX | |
City structure: | 6 districts | |
City administration address : |
Rathausstrasse 68 66450 Bexbach |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Christian Prech ( CDU ) | |
Location of the city of Bexbach in the Saarpfalz district | ||
Bexbach ( Saarland city in the Saarpfalz district . It has about 18,000 inhabitants and borders the district of Höchen on the state of Rhineland-Palatinate .
) is ageography
Geographical location
Bexbach is located in the Saarpfalz district between the two district towns of Homburg and Neunkirchen and about 25 km northeast of the state capital Saarbrücken . The Bexbach flows through the city to the Blies . The Höcherberg , on which the districts of Frankenholz and Höchen are located, is the highest point in the southeastern Saarland.
Due to the mine dump Schacht III in the Höchen district, a landmark visible from afar, the Höcherberg and thus Bexbach can also be seen from a great distance. This represents the highest coal mine in Germany with a summit height of 494.3 m above sea level. NHN .
surface
value | |
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Building and open space | 23.2% |
traffic area | 6.4% |
Agricultural area | 34.2% |
Forest area | 29.0% |
Other areas | 7.2% |
Total | 31.12 km² |
As of December 31, 2007
climate
The city is located in the temperate climate zone . The average annual temperature in Bexbach is 8–9 ° C and the average annual rainfall 750–800 mm. The warmest months are July and August; the coldest January and February.
Neighboring communities
The following cities and communities border the city of Bexbach:
- Neunkirchen with the districts of Wellesweiler , Hangard and Münchwies
- Kirkel with the district of Altstadt
- Forest black
- The district town of Homburg with the districts of Jägersburg and Reiskirchen
City structure
The city of Bexbach consists of the city center (also outdated: Mittelbexbach) , Oberbexbach , Frankenholz , Höchen , Niederbexbach and Kleinottweiler .
Population as of January 1st, 2020:
district | Residents |
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Bexbach | 7,819 |
Frankenholz | 2,185 |
High | 1,557 |
Kleinottweiler | 1,085 |
Niederbexbach | 1,119 |
Oberbexbach | 4,266 |
total | 18,031 |
history
Bexbach was first mentioned in a document in 1219, today's Kleinottweiler district in 1221, Höchen in 1261 and Ober- and Niederbexbach in 1310. From the 14th century, the inhabitants used a large amount of iron ore , and from the 16th century also coal . The population was small, nobles and members of religious associations were represented. During the Thirty Years War , the entire urban area was almost completely destroyed by marauding troops. In 1648 the Peace of Westphalia was concluded. In these contracts it was stipulated that the county of Nassau-Saarbrücken , to which Bexbach also belonged, passed to France . The now deserted area was not repopulated until 1683 with a few families, mainly from Lorraine . In 1697, the former sovereigns regained their former sovereignty over the country and its people. In 1755, the Mittelbexbach dairy was recognized as part of the Nassau-Saarbrücken county.
In 1789, the French Revolution brought new hopes for those suffering from feudal rule . The Revolutionary Wars introduced a new social and state order.
In 1793 the French administration allocated the Mairie (mayor's office) Mittelbexbach to Mairie Limbach . In 1797, the French state implemented its first administrative reform. As a result, the département de la sarre was created in 1798 with 31 cantons . Most of the 600 inhabitants of Bexbach belonged to the canton of Waldmohr . French was introduced as the official language without exception .
After Napoleon's final defeat at Waterloo , the city was assigned to the Rhine district of the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1816. In 1848 Mittelbexbach was given its own mayor's office , to which the neighboring towns already belonged.
The Bexbach station , the oldest station in today's Saarland, was built as the Bavarian-Palatinate terminus of the Palatinate Ludwig Railway . Nowadays it is operated as a station on the Homburg – Neunkirchen line. In 1849 the opening of the Ludwigsbahn by the company of the same name presented new perspectives for the residents. Thus, from one day to the next, a significant improvement in the infrastructure for Homburg and Neunkirchen became apparent. The living conditions improved significantly. In addition to working in the mine , many residents also worked on their own farms. This is how the term “ miner farmer ” came about . The individual quarters were largely connected to the water and electricity supply. The first school was the Pestalozzi School and the town hall was built around the same time.
After the First World War , the Saar area was separated from the German Reich on October 1, 1920 and the Homburg district was reduced in size. That district was from then on the border district of the Saar area, which returned to Germany on March 1, 1935. The local political situation was reorganized. On April 1, 1937, the new municipality of Höcherberg was created through the merger of the previous municipalities of Höchen, Oberbexbach (with Frankenholz) and Mittelbexbach (with Ludwigsthal). This community was dissolved on May 1, 1947 shortly after World War II . The communities Frankenholz, Höchen, Mittelbexbach and Oberbexbach were (re) established. The regained autonomy strengthened the economy in the communities. Mittelbexbach received its own coat of arms in 1951 and was renamed Bexbach in 1955. Since the Saarland was again under French administration between 1945 and 1956, another Saar referendum took place in 1955 . According to the result, the Saarland was incorporated into the Federal Republic of Germany as the tenth federal state . On May 29, 1970 Bexbach were from the Saarland Interior Minister Ludwig cord the city rights awarded.
Naming
Both the city and the river flowing through it received the name from the knight of Beckensbach. The inhabitants are called Bexbachers . In Saarland dialect , the Bexbacher Betschbacher and the city accordingly call themselves Betschbach .
Incorporations
The new city of Bexbach was created on January 1, 1974 as part of the regional and administrative reform from the city of Bexbach and the communities of Frankenholz, Höchen, Kleinottweiler, Niederbexbach and Oberbexbach.
Outsourcing
The district of Ludwigsthal , which formerly belonged to Bexbach , was assigned to the district town of Neunkirchen on January 1, 1974.
religion
In almost every district of the city there is both a Catholic and an Evangelical church community. Only in Kleinottweiler is there only one Protestant parish.
Denomination statistics
According to the 2011 census , 32.7% of the population in 2011 were Protestant, 49.6% were predominantly Roman Catholic and 17.7% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The residents of Bexbach currently (as of December 31, 2019) belong to the Protestant Church with 28.8% (5,500) . 43.8% (8,356) of the population are Catholic and 27.4% (5,235) are non-denominational or belong to another denomination.
population
Of the 18,031 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020, only main residence), 8,880 are male and 9,151 are female. The proportion of foreigners is 7.11%.
politics
City council
Result of the local election on May 26, 2019 and comparison to the 2014 local election:
Parties and constituencies | Seats | +/- | proportion of | +/-% p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 13 | + 1 | 37.4% | + 2.7 |
SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 10 | - 4th | 29.5% | - 9.3 |
LEFT | The left | 2 | ± 0 | 7.8% | + 1.1 |
FDP | Free Democratic Party | 1 | ± 0 | 4.3% | ± 0 |
FWG | FWG Bexbach | 4th | + 1 | 11.9% | + 1.5 |
GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 3 | + 2 | 9.1% | + 4.0 |
total | 33 | 100% |
In the 2019 local elections , the CDU became the strongest parliamentary group for the first time, with significant losses for the SPD.
mayor
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In the direct election of the mayor on May 26, 2019, Christian Prech (CDU) prevailed against incumbent Thomas Leis (SPD) with 53.42% of the votes cast.
- 1999–2009: First Alderman Wolfgang Imbsweiler (SPD)
- 2009–2010: Joachim Hoffmann (CDU) and Wolfgang Imbsweiler (SPD)
- 2010–2019: Rainer Ruffing (CDU) and Wolfgang Imbsweiler (SPD)
- since August 22, 2019: First Alderman Benjamin Schappe (CDU), Alderman Thomas Pfaff (Greens)
- since May 28, 2020: First Alderman Thorsten Müller (CDU), Alderman Thomas Pfaff (Greens)
Local councils
Allocation of seats in the individual local councils (as of local elections on May 25, 2014):
district | CDU | SPD | FDP | FWG | LEFT | Total |
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Bexbach center | 4th | 3 | - | 1 | 1 | 9 |
Oberbexbach | 3 | 3 | - | 1 | - | 7th |
Frankenholz | 2 | 3 | - | 2 | - | 7th |
High | 4th | 2 | - | 1 | - | 7th |
Niederbexbach | 2 | 4th | 1 | - | - | 7th |
Kleinottweiler | 3 | 4th | - | - | - | 7th |
Total | 18th | 19th | 1 | 5 | 1 | 44 |
Mayor
district | Surname | Political party |
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Bexbach center | Rolf Ballweber | CDU |
Oberbexbach | Stefan Schmelzer | SPD |
Frankenholz | Rudi Mueller | SPD |
High | Eva-Maria Scherer | CDU |
Niederbexbach | Arnulf Fricker | SPD |
Kleinottweiler | Daniel Heintz | SPD |
Political Organizations
- Young Union Bexbach
- Young Liberals Höcherberg
- Jusos Bexbach
Presentation to the public
City colors
Since the approval of the Saarland Ministry of the Interior, Bexbach has been using yellow and green as the city colors for several decades . These can also be found on the flag that is hoisted on the Hindenburg Tower, for example.
logo
In contrast to many other cities and municipalities, Bexbach does not use the city arms to present itself to the public. For such purposes, the administration designed the City of Bexbach - Partner der Bürger logo .
Town twinning
- Edenkoben ( Germany , wine sponsorship, founded 1936)
- Goshen ( United States , Indiana, founded 1979)
- Pornichet ( France , Brittany, founded 1985)
Economy and Infrastructure
Local businesses
- The French industrial group Alstom SA operated a plant in the “In der Kolling” industrial area until the end of 2017.
- The Kern GmbH printing company has its headquarters in the Bexbach industrial area "In der Kolling". The printing company, founded in 1862, is one of the oldest companies in Bexbach.
- Steag Power Saar GmbH operates a hard coal power station near Bexbach ( Bexbach power station ).
- Fuchs & Hoffmann produces semi-finished chocolate products.
education
- Elementary schools
- Goethe School in Bexbach
- Primary school Oberbexbach
- Frankenholz primary school
- Up until 2004 there were also primary schools in the districts of Höchen and Niederbexbach .
- Further training
- Bexbach comprehensive school
- Free Waldorf School SaarPfalz Bexbach
- Community College
- VHS Höcherberg
Authorities
- Federal police station Bexbach in the industrial area Saarpfalz-Park
- Service dog team of the Saarpfalz district in the industrial area Saarpfalz-Park
Commercial areas
- Bexbacher Industrie und Gewerbegebiet Ost (BIG), 40 hectares, funded by the European Union
- Saarpfalz Park (44 hectares)
- Kolling (10 hectares)
- Streitweg (3.4 hectares)
- Coppice Grove (5 hectares)
armed forces
Since 1967 Bexbach was the home of the Paratrooper Battalion 262 . In 1969 the reserve hospital group 959 was stationed in Bexbach. From 1972 the Jägerbataillon 471 and the paratrooper training company 7/9 were in Bexbach. From April 1976 the Saarpfalz barracks was home to the Jägerbataillon 541 (mob base), the Jägerbataillon 542 and the repair training company 9 / III.
The Bexbach location , including the Bexbach sports promotion group , was dissolved in 1996. The area of the former Saar-Palatinate barracks was rededicated to a commercial area (Saarpfalz-Park).
The former on- site training area, over 100 hectares in size, was the training area of the technical relief organization until 2008 . Since 2008 it has been marketed by an investor as a near-natural event site for live role-playing games , among other things .
traffic
Bexbach is linked to the German trunk road network by motorway connections to the A 6 and A 8 . In addition, the B 423 (federal border France Mandelbachtal - Altenglan ) runs through the Bexbach district of Kleinottweiler.
From the Bexbach train station , regional trains run all day on the Homburg – Neunkirchen route to Homburg and in the opposite direction to Neunkirchen (Saar) , Illingen (Saar) and sometimes also to Saarbrücken without changing trains . They enable a connection to the long-distance traffic of the Deutsche Bahn . From 1903 to 1905, the Nordfeldbahn , which was used exclusively for freight traffic, ran from the Jägersburg station on the Glantalbahn to the Nordfeld mine .
Air traffic
Bexbach has had an airfield since 1956 . On April 29, 1956, the first glider pilots took off on a test flight from Bexbach airfield .
Hiking trails
Bexbach participates in numerous hiking trails of the Saarwald Association , including the Höcherbergweg and the Saarland circular hiking trail . Since March 2007 Bexbach has created a circular hiking trail that is 37.75 km long and leads through all parts of the city. The path can also be hiked in several stages, as a total of four cross connections have been set up. The hiking trail starts from Oberbexbach with the marking green-yellow cross of the Palatinate Forest Association , which leads via Johanniskreuz and Neustadt an der Weinstrasse to Ludwigshafen am Rhein .
Culture and sights
flower garden
The flower garden, which was created for the exhibition Gardens and Flowers in Social Housing in 1951, is well worth a visit . With a large playground and a Chinese garden, Bexbach presents itself from its modern side.
On June 28, 2017, the Gulliver World 2.0 was officially opened in the flower garden , showing 26 restored replicas from the former world in the German-French Garden in Saarbrücken. The miniature structures are embedded in the park. These include models of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the pyramids of Giza or a piece of the Berlin Wall - they are all now in the publicly accessible part of the flower garden in Bexbach - but on a scale of 1:33.
Next to the flower garden is the green, former Monte Barbara mine dump . A statue of Saint Barbara , patroness of the miners , crowns the landscaped structure.
Saarland mining museum
In the flower garden is the Hindenburg tower (see below), which houses the Saarland Mining Museum. The history of hard coal mining in the region and its importance are clearly illustrated in the tower . Everything you need to know about technology, safety, history and social issues in mining is presented on seven floors. The top floor offers a panoramic view.
Under the tower there is a show mine with historical and newer machines. Over the decades, miners have built a tunnel that has been expanded again and again, in which old and new extraction techniques are presented. The tools and equipment shown show how coal was mined at ever greater depths and thus with ever greater difficulties. In 1994 the Saarland Mining Museum Bexbach took over the premises from Bexbach.
Parks
In addition to the flower garden mentioned above, there is a city park (called “Green Lung”) through which the Bexbach flows as a connection between the city center and the Oberbexbach district . There is also a playground for children in the complex.
Buildings
Hindenburg Tower
When the water supply in Bexbach could no longer be guaranteed at the end of the 1920s, the municipal council decided to build a high-level water tank with a capacity of 200 m³ . Construction began in 1931. At the request of the community, the building should also serve as a lookout tower and a mine museum.
The outer skeleton of the tower consists of eight, the inner shaft of four concrete columns, the walls are filled with pumice concrete hollow stones. The floor plan is 10 × 10 m. The glazed viewing platform at a height of 40 m can be reached with an elevator . The tower was named after the then Reich President Paul von Hindenburg .
Bexbach station
The Bexbach station , which was built in 1848/1849 as a Bavarian border station to the Prussian Rhine Province, has the oldest surviving station building in Saarland and is a listed building . Only the building in Homburg was built two years earlier, but was replaced by a more modern one after the Second World War. The Bexbach station is home to u. a. a museum about the history of the train station and the pits at Höcherberg. The old waiting hall is the home of the “Choir Gleis 1” and is the new clubhouse of Modellbahnfreunde Bexbach e. V. , who endeavor to maintain and maintain the station.
The station building has been renovated and converted into a cultural station since February 2018 .
additional
- Round oak former natural monument.
Personalities
- Thomas Hayo (* 1969), presenter of the talent show Germany's Next Top Model, lived in Bexbach in his youth.
- The fictional person Heinz Becker comes from Bexbach , the cliché of the typical Saarlander, played by the cabaret artist Gerd Dudenhöffer , who himself lives in the Kleinottweiler district .
- Alexander Funk (* 1974), Member of the Bundestag , Member of the Bundestag , 1994–2014 member of the city council, 2007–2014 parliamentary group leader of the CDU there.
- Dieter Thomas Heck (1937–2018), moderator, lived for a few years in the Frankenholz district.
- Werner Kohlmeyer (1924–1974), soccer world champion in 1954, played for SV Bexbach in 1959/1960.
- Karl Kunrath (1923–2009), jeweler and founder of the association, lived mainly in Bexbach.
- Johannes Storck (1829–1914), prelate , was pastor in Mittelbexbach from 1858–1869, then pastor and dean in Bellheim for 44 years .
sons and daughters of the town
- Peter Janser SVD, (1878–1959), Divine Word missionary in the USA and China, 1935–1945 Apostolic Prefect of Indore, India.
- Ludwig Nieder (1880–1922), theologian, priest, author and promoter of the Christian trade union idea
- Karl Christian Weber SVD (1886–1970), Steyler missionary and missionary bishop in China, 1951–1954 victim of torture under Chinese communism.
- Karl Klein (1901–1993), communist, mayor and convicted murderer
- Hans Eschenbrenner (1910–2007), marksman
- Paul Kolb (1910–1992), politician (SPD), Lord Mayor of Neunkirchen
- Edwin Hügel (1919–1988), politician (FDP), mayor, Minister for Economic Affairs, Transport and Agriculture in the Zeyer II cabinet
- Heinz Ostheimer (* 1931) gymnast
- Horst Hilpert (1936–2019), chief prosecutor of the German Football Association
- Egon Müller (* 1938), lawyer
- Franz Eder (* 1944), German bodybuilding champion and porn actor
- Ursel Kessler (* 1944), teacher and artist
- Gerd Dudenhöffer (* 1949), cabaret artist
- Reinhold Kopp (* 1949), German politician (SPD), lawyer and economic functionary. 1993 first winner of the Dinosaur of the Year award .
- Dietmar Gross (* 1957), German painter and draftsman of fantastic realism
Others
Bexbach is the fictional setting of the sitcom family Heinz Becker by and with the native Bexbacher Gerd Dudenhöffer .
Web links
- Website of the city of Bexbach
- Link catalog on Bexbach at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Literature about Bexbach in the Saarland Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ Saarland.de - Official population figures as of December 31, 2019 (PDF; 20 kB) ( help ).
- ↑ www.bexbach.de
- ↑ Bexbach: structural data, residents by district , accessed on February 2, 2020
- ↑ Official Journal of the Administrative Commission of the Saarland No. 29/1947 (PDF; 536 kB)
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 803 .
- ^ City of Bexbach Religion , 2011 census
- ^ City of Bexbach , accessed on April 22, 2020
- ↑ www.bexbach.de
- ↑ City council election Bexbach On: www.wahlresult.saarland.de, accessed on May 30, 2019
- ↑ City council election Bexbach On: www.statistikextern.saarland.de, accessed on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Local council election 2014: This is how the Saarpfalz district voted . In Saarbrücker Zeitung , May 27, 2014
- ↑ Federal Agency for Technical Relief: Training area Bexbach: Description. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 12, 2013 ; accessed on December 21, 2018 .
- ^ Hindenburgturm Bexbach on the Saarpfalz-Touristik website
- ↑ Kulturbahnhof will be ready in autumn. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung , April 11, 2019