Chavannes-le-Chêne

Chavannes-le-Chêne
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Vaud (VD)
District :	Jura north vaudois
BFS no. :	5907
Postal code :	1464
Coordinates :	549550  /  180 855 coordinates: 46 ° 46 '37 "  N , 6 ° 46' 41"  O ; CH1903:  549550  /  180,855
Height :	660  m above sea level M.
Height range :	524–720 m above sea level M.
Area :	4.00  km²
Residents:	308 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	77 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.chavannes-le-chene.ch
Chavannes-le-Chêne
Location of the municipality

Chavannes-le-Chêne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland .

geography

Chavannes-le-Chêne is 660  m above sea level. M. , 11 km east of the district capital Yverdon-les-Bains (beeline). The clustered village extends in the Molasse hill country of the northern Vaud Central Plateau , on the upper eastern valley slope of the Ruisseau des Vaux brook .

The area of ​​the 4.0 km² municipality covers a section of the hill country between Lake Neuchâtel and the Broyetal . The south-western border of the area is formed by the valley of the Ruisseau des Vaux , which is deeply cut into the molasse layers . To the northeast, the municipality extends over a slightly undulating high plateau to the headwaters of the Bainoz (tributary of the Petite Glâne ). The plateau is bounded in the north by the height of Les Râpes ( 698  m above sea level. M. ), in the southeast by the Bois du Mont , on the slope of 720  m above sea level. M. the highest point of Chavannes-le-Chêne is reached. In 1997, 5% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 13% for forests and woodlands and 82% for agriculture.

Chavannes-le-Chêne includes the hamlet of La Ruchille ( 665  m above sea level ), south of the village, as well as a few individual farms. Neighboring municipalities of Chavannes-le-Chêne are Rovray , Molondin , Chêne-Pâquier , Champtauroz and Treytorrens (Payerne) in the canton of Vaud and Estavayer and Cheyres-Châbles in the canton of Friborg .

population

With 308 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Chavannes-le-Chêne is one of the small communities in the canton of Vaud. 90.1% of the residents are French-speaking, 5.2% German-speaking and 2.2% Portuguese-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Chavannes-le-Chêne was 331 in 1850 and 384 in 1900. After that, due to strong emigration, a decrease of almost 50% to 201 inhabitants was recorded until 1970; since then the population has remained fairly stable at 230 inhabitants.

economy

Chavannes-le-Chêne still lives mainly from agriculture , especially from agriculture , fruit growing and cattle breeding . Outside the primary sector, there are relatively few jobs in local small businesses and in the service sector. There used to be stone quarries near Chavannes-le-Chêne in which shell limestone was mined, and in the 18th century there was a tannery. Some workers are also commuters who work mainly in Yverdon .

traffic

The community is located away from major thoroughfares on a road connecting Yvonand to the Broye valley . Chavannes-le-Chêne is connected to the public transport network through a postbus course that serves the municipalities of the hinterland from Yvonand train station.

history

Remains of settlement sites and rock carvings in the Vallon des Vaux from the Neolithic indicate a very early settlement of the municipality. Traces are also known from the early Middle Ages . The first written mention of the place took place in 1334 under the name Chavanes . The place name is derived from the vulgar Latin capanna (hut, small courtyard).

Since the Middle Ages, Chavannes-le-Chêne has been under the rule of Saint-Martin-du-Chêne. In the 16th century it became their center. With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, Chavannes-le-Chêne came under the administration of the Bailiwick of Yverdon . After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , the village belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic, which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 it was assigned to the Yverdon district.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Chavannes-le-Chêne

Gallo-Roman quarry north of the village

Traces of degradation and millstone blanks

The current construction of the Sainte-Marie-Madeleine chapel, mentioned as early as 1320, dates largely from the 18th century; Renovations were last carried out in 1950. In the town center there are some typical farmhouses from the 18th and 19th centuries.

North of the village, in the middle of the agricultural land, is a Gallo-Roman quarry. Today it is a protected monument because it shows signs of mining that indicate its use for millstone extraction. A few boards are set up to explain the principle and extent of millstone production to the visitor and at the same time give an insight into the Gallo-Roman infrastructure of the region. Some of the traces that are visible today come from a more recent mining era.

Web links

Commons : Chavannes-le-Chêne  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Chavannes-le-Chêne (French)
• Pierre-Yves Favez: Chavannes-le-Chêne. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Aerial views of the village

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .