Ferrari 365 GTB / 4

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Ferrari
Ferrari 365 GTB / 4
Ferrari 365 GTB / 4
365 GTB / 4
Production period: 1969-1973
Class : Sports car
Body versions : Coupé , convertible
Engines: Otto engine :
4.4 liters
(259 kW)
Length: 4425 mm
Width: 1760 mm
Height: 1245 mm
Wheelbase : 2400 mm
Empty weight : 1625 kg
Previous model Ferrari 275 GTB / 4
successor Ferrari 365 GT / 4 Berlinetta Boxer

The Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 is a sports car built from 1969 to 1973 by the Italian car manufacturer Ferrari , also known as the Ferrari Daytona . The closed 365 GTB / 4 and the convertible version 365 GTS / 4 ("Daytona Spider") derived from it belong to the Ferrari 365 model family . They are like the rest of the members of a 4.4-liter twelve-cylinder - V-engine driven, but have a separate body of Pininfarina . The “Daytona” was Ferrari's top model at the time. It is regarded as one of the most attractive street sports cars in Ferrari and is one of the high-priced Ferrari classics in both the closed and open versions. The cars are now regarded as investment objects for which seven-digit euro prices are paid. The “Daytona” achieved particular popularity in the 1980s through the television series Miami Vice , in which a main character temporarily drove a copy of a GTS / 4. The competition version 365 GTB / 4 Competizione occupies a special position, which was successful in international endurance races from 1971 to 1981 .

History of development and model-political classification

Predecessor of the 365 GTB / 4: Ferrari 275 GTB / 4
Successor: Ferrari 365 GT / 4 Berlinetta Boxer

In 1961 Ferrari began to replace the 250 model family introduced in 1953 with the 330 series , which was powered by 4.0 liter twelve-cylinder engines. Gradually the models 330 America , 330 GT 2 + 2 and 330 GTC appeared , which appealed to different customer groups. As the most powerful street Ferrari and top model, the Ferrari 275 GTB was added from 1964 , which was sold as the 275 GTB / 4 with four overhead camshafts from 1966 . From 1966 Ferrari gradually replaced the 330 series with the models of the 365 family, whose engines had a displacement increased to 4.4 liters. It all started with the “elite” luxury vehicle, the 365 California Spyder , tailored to North American customers , of which only 14 were made. The following year, the four-seater 365 GT 2 + 2 appeared , which was regarded as a “family Ferrari” and was derided as the “Queen Mary” because of its dimensions and weight. As a sporty version, Ferrari finally launched the shorter 365 GTC at the end of 1967 .

A replacement for the top model 275 GTB / 4 was not initially planned. In this class, Ferrari's competitor Lamborghini introduced the mid-engine drive into its car in 1966 with the Miura , which has dominated motor racing for several years. Although Enzo Ferrari was skeptical of this concept for street sports cars and for this reason did not sell the small mid-engine sports car Dino 206 under the Ferrari brand, his engineers began development work for a high-performance sports car with a mid-engine as early as 1966, which ultimately led to the 365 GT / 4 Berlinetta Boxers led. Some sources assume that Enzo Ferrari wanted to keep the 275 GTB / 4, which was still relatively young at the time, in the program until the Berlinetta Boxer appeared. The Pininfarina designer Leonardo Fioravanti claimed in a newspaper article at the end of 2017 that he had opposed this and had initiated the development of the 365 GTB / 4 in autumn 1966. He pointed out to Enzo Ferrari the poor aerodynamics and the “poor clarity” of the 275 GTB / 4 body and with the first “Daytona” sketches convinced him of the need to replace the old 275 GTB / 4. Ferrari then combined the chassis of the 275 GTB / 4 with an engine from the 365 series and an independent body to create the 365 GTB / 4 "Daytona". In terms of model politics, it is often viewed as a mere interim model between the 275 GTB / 4 and the Berlinetta Boxer.

Looking at the competition, the 365 GTB / 4 was directed against the Lamborghini Miura, which was the fastest and most powerful road sports car in the world when it debuted. Ferrari managed to surpass the performance of the Lamborghini: the 365 GTB / 4 had a higher engine power and a higher top speed than the Miura P400. Enzo Ferrari proved that a classic Gran Turismo with a front engine could be faster than a mid-engine sports car.

nomenclature

The model name of the 365 GTB / 4 is derived, as was common at Ferrari at the time, from the engine and refers to the cubic capacity of an individual cylinder (here: 365 cm³). The letters GTB used in the Coupé are the abbreviation for Gran Turismo Berlinetta . The open version bears the final letter “S” instead of the “B”, which stands for Spyder or Spider depending on the source . Finally, the appended number 4 indicates the number of camshafts .

The car is commonly known as the "Ferrari Daytona". The term “Daytona” refers to the 1967 Daytona 24-hour race , in which Scuderia Ferrari finished first, second and third with its prototypes 330P4 and 412P . It was not used at the factory but quickly established itself in the media. Today it is often used synonymously in literature or appears in publications as an equal addition to the digit-letter code.

Individual sources assume that “Daytona” was the factory's internal name for the car during the development phase and, after initial considerations, should also have become the official model name. But after the term reached the press prematurely due to an indiscretion, Enzo Ferrari was annoyed that it prohibited its further use.

Development and prototypes

In December 1966 the drawings for the body of the 365 GTB / 4 were ready, in spring 1967 technical development began.

In the fall of 1967, the Carrozzeria Scaglietti built the first two prototypes. They still had transitional bodies that were not exactly the same as the later production model. Both vehicles still exist.

  • The first prototype was based on an unchanged chassis from the 275 GTB / 4 series (chassis number 10287). The car had the front section of the regular 275 GTB / 4, while the rear section from the windshield, with the exception of a few detailed solutions, already corresponded to the later “Daytona”. The Tipo 243 motor originally used in this prototype was unique. It was derived from the Tipo 226 twelve-cylinder with a displacement of 4.0 liters used in the 330 series , but had three valves per cylinder. Ferrari later equipped this prototype with a standard engine from the 365 GTB / 4.
  • Scaglietti's second prototype, also on a 275 GTB / 4 chassis (chassis number 11001), had a very similar body in the rear area, but a front with a flat headlight cover. The engine was adopted unchanged from the 275 GTB / 4 (Tipo 226) .

In the course of 1968 Pininfarina produced at least two further prototypes, which externally corresponded to the later series coupé. Two prototypes from this group were presented at the Paris Motor Show from October 3 to 13, 1968 , one (chassis number 11795) at the Pininfarina stand, the other (12037) at Ferrari.

Model description

Engine and power transmission

Ferrari Tipo 251: twelve-cylinder engine of the 365 GTB / 4

The Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 and the GTS / 4 have a 4390 cm³ twelve-cylinder V-engine, which is referred to in the factory as Tipo 251 . It goes back to a construction by Gioacchino Colombo from 1947.

Ferrari had last largely overhauled Colombo's twelve-cylinder for the 330 model family, which appeared in 1961; the engine block was redesigned while maintaining the cylinder bank angle of 60 degrees. That 4.0 liter engine (330 cm³ per cylinder) called Tipo 209 was enlarged to 4.4 liters for the 365 series. The engineers achieved the increase in displacement by enlarging the bore from 77 to 81 mm. The stroke remained unchanged at 71 mm. This engine appeared in 1966 in the 365 California Spyder as the Tipo 217B and in 1967 in the 365 GT 2 + 2 "Queen Mary" and in the 365 GTC as the Tipo 245 .

The Tipo 251 motor of the 365 GTB / 4 essentially corresponds to the Tipo 217B and Tipo 245 . In contrast to them, however, it has dry sump lubrication , which was adopted from the 275 GTB / 4. Another special feature are the four overhead camshafts (two for each cylinder bank). They are driven by two chains. The crankshaft has seven bearings. Six downdraft twin carburettors from Weber (type 40DCN20) are used in European cars for mixture preparation . The compression ratio is 9.3 : 1. The "Daytonas" sold in North America had carburetors of the 40DCN21 type and one on 8.8 : 1 reduced compression. The maximum output of the engine is 352 HP (259 kW) at 7500 revolutions per minute in both versions.

The engine is installed as far back as possible. The power is transmitted via a dry clutch and a fully synchronized manual five-speed gearbox, which is positioned on the rear axle ( transaxle design). Ferrari took over the design from its predecessor 275 GTB / 4. This design contributes to an almost balanced weight distribution.

Chassis and running gear

The chassis of the 365 GTB / 4 and GTS / 4, which bears the factory designation Tipo 605 , largely corresponds to that of the 275 GTB / 4. The wheelbase and the other dimensions are the same as those of the predecessor; only the track is 5 mm wider at Leonardo Fioravanti's instigation for optical reasons.

The 365 GTB / 4 has a lattice frame made of steel tubes with an oval cross-section. In order to increase the rigidity, cross struts are installed in the area of ​​the passenger compartment. The chassis construction is considered "simple, but robust and proven". Auxiliary frames are mounted in the area of ​​the front and rear suspension.

The wheels are individually suspended at the front and rear , as with the predecessor, on two wishbones of different lengths with coil springs , hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers from Koni and stabilizers on both axles. The 365 GTB / 4 has servo-assisted disc brakes on all wheels , which have a smaller diameter than the brakes of the 275 GTB / 4. Ferrari tried to compensate for the resulting lower braking performance with a new internal ventilation system. Some contemporary testers described the brakes as very efficient and stable, and they attested to exceptional directional stability when braking. Others criticized the brakes as too weak. The wheels have a central lock .

body

layout

Long bonnet, short rear: Ferrari 365 GTB / 4
Front section of the early versions: double headlights behind plexiglass
Front end from 1970: pop-up headlights

The Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 is designed as a two-seater hatchback coupé; the body was designed by Leonardo Fioravanti for Pininfarina within a week.

The proportions of the body emphasize the front engine concept of the car: the engine compartment is very long, the passenger cell on the other hand tight and the rear short and "ending abruptly". In place of the oval cooling air opening that the previous models of the 365 family had, there was a narrow horizontal inlet, which reminded observers of a mailbox slot.

A stylistic peculiarity concerns the front section. The models manufactured up to 1971 have a circumferential front plexiglass strip that merges flush with the bonnet and connects the two indicators protruding into the fenders. The front double headlights are permanently installed behind Plexiglas covers on these models. When the 365 GTB / 4 appeared, it was new in European automotive design. However, this design violated the US safety regulations in force from 1971 , according to which a cover in front of the headlight lens was no longer permitted. In 1970, while looking for a solution, Ferrari experimented with four round headlights that were attached to the front panel. However, since this construction did not harmonize with the flowing lines of the front section, it was not included in the series. Instead, all 365 GTB / 4 built from autumn 1971 onwards have pop-up headlights with a cover painted in the same color as the car, which when closed also blends smoothly into the front mask. When opened, the headlights do not show any vibrations, even at high speeds, but they do increase air resistance. Ferrari's initial considerations to limit the pop-up headlights to the American market were not implemented with a view to simplifying the production process. The eye-catching shape of the front turn signals has not changed over the years. She influenced the British Leyland designer David Bache in the design of the Rover SD . Other special features of the body include windshield wipers, which are hidden under a bulge in the bonnet.

rating

After contemporary reviews, which sometimes viewed the body as too avant-garde, the design was soon evaluated positively. Leonardo Fioravanti's design is now widely regarded as one of the most successful works by Pininfarina. Mainly because of its structure, the Daytona is considered one of the most attractive Ferrari models. An analysis from 1984 sees the “remarkably balanced combination of classic curved lines and curves with the modern, razor-sharp rear end” as the key to the particular appeal of the 365 GTB / 4.

construction

The outer parts of the body of the street versions are made of sheet steel. Only in the vehicles built up to 1971 are the doors and hoods made of aluminum, all vehicles built after that (from chassis number 15701) have doors and hoods made of sheet steel. In addition, side impact protection is built into the doors in these versions. The reason for these changes were US safety regulations. In order to save weight, the front wheel arches of the coupés were made of fiberglass-reinforced plastic in all Berlinettas ; the same applies to the bulkhead and the center tunnel.

Just like the racing model 365 GTB / 4 Competizione, a single copy of the street version was given a body made entirely of aluminum. This vehicle with the chassis number 12653 was thought to be lost for four decades before it was found in a neglected condition in Japan in spring 2017 . It was sold unrestored for 1.8 million euros in September 2017.

Performance

Ferrari stated the maximum speed of the 365 GTB / 4 with 280 km / h. This value was not confirmed in any test. Measurements by the trade magazine auto motor und sport from autumn 1972 showed an average of 274.8 km / h.

Performance of the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 compared to its competitors
Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Lamborghini Miura P400 Maserati Ghibli
Engine power 352 hp 350 hp 320 hp
0-40 km / h 2.0 s 1.6 s 2.4 s
0-60 km / h 3.1 s 2.5 s 3.4 s
0-80 km / h 4.4 s 3.4 s 4.4 s
0-100 km / h 6.1 s 4.7 s 6.3 s
0-120 km / h 7.9 s 6.3 s 8.0 s
0-140 km / h 10.2 s 7.9 s 12.2 s
0-160 km / h 13.0 s 10.6 s 13.7 s
0-180 km / h 16.4 s 12.7 s 17.3 s
0-200 km / h 21.6 s 16.8 s 23.1 s
0-220 km / h 28.1 s 20.6 s 30 s
1 km with a standing start 25.1 s 24.6 s 26.5 s
Top speed 274.8 km / h 270 km / h 263 km / h

365 GTS / 4 "Daytona Spider"

Ferrari 365 GTS / 4 in rare pine green
Ferrari 365 GTS / 4 (USA version)

Three quarters of a year after the coupé, Ferrari presented the open version of the “Daytona”, the 365 GTS / 4.

The presentation took place in September 1969 at the International Motor Show in Frankfurt . Like the early Berlinettas, the Frankfurt exhibit (chassis number 12851) carried double headlights behind a plexiglass pane. However, it was the only GTS / 4 whose front section followed the original Daytona design. All production Spiders had pop-up headlights.

Technically, the 365 GTS / 4 largely corresponds to the closed model. However, there are modifications to the body structure that give the open car the necessary strength. There are stiffeners on the bulkhead, behind the seats and in the frame of the windshield. After all, the front wheel arches are made of steel and not - as with the GTB / 4 - made of plastic. In terms of style, the lines in the rear area are independent.

Series production of the GTS / 4 began in spring 1971.

365 GTB / 4 conversions

In addition to the factory cabriolets, there are around 100 open “Daytonas” that were subsequently converted from a Berlinetta into a convertible.

The trend towards retrospective conversions was primarily evident in the USA. It was triggered by the considerable price difference between used GTB / 4 and GTS / 4 models, which became noticeable just a few years after production was discontinued, and was reinforced by the American television series Miami Vice , which opened the "Daytona" center made popular and sought after around the world in the 1980s. This is why numerous Berlinetta owners tried to profit from this difference in value by opening their coupés at a later date. The conversions were carried out by independent, usually US-based companies like Michael Sheehan's European Auto Restoration in Costa Mesa and Richard Straman Coachworks in Newport Beach . Sheehan converted 28 vehicles, Straman 35. Contrary to the claims of some owners, Scaglietti did not convert, but some of the US workshops were given unofficial access to original parts of the 365 GTS / 4 by Scaglietti employees.

The 365 GTB / 4 conversions can usually be recognized by the fact that the inner wheel arches are made of plastic and not, as in the original GTS / 4, of steel; Usually the steel reinforcements in the vehicle interior are also missing. The quality of the work varied widely; some companies only cut off the roof and adapted the rear section, while others fundamentally changed the structure of the body. Michael Sheehan asked about $ 45,000 for a conversion in 1984, the equivalent of six mid- size Dodge Aries sedans.

In the Ferrari scene, conversions are now tolerated, but do not reach the prices of the original GTS / 4.

production

Series production of the Ferrari GTB / 4 began in 1969. The production process was spread across different companies. As usual, Ferrari only made the engine itself. The cars were built at Carrozzeria Scaglietti, which had a plant in Maranello in the immediate vicinity of the Ferrari factory and had belonged to Ferrari since 1970. The body consisted of numerous small, handcrafted sheet metal parts that were welded together.

The 365 GTB / 4 Daytona was built for four years, twice as long as its immediate predecessor. From 1969 to 1973 a total of 1284 copies of the 365 GTB / 4 were built; they have chassis numbers between 12301 and 17615.

The 365 GTS / 4 was also built at Scaglietti. It stayed in the program until 1973. The production volume was significantly lower than that of the GTB / 4. Some sources mention 125 or 124 copies, others 121 or 122. 96 Spyder were shipped to the US. Only about 25 vehicles remained in Europe, seven of them with right-hand drive ex works.

Overall, the production volume roughly corresponded to that of the Maserati Ghibli , of which 1280 coupés and 125 Spyders were produced until 1973.

Prices

On the Italian market, the 365 GTB / 4 was priced at 8,736,000 lire in the summer of 1970, 10,000,000  lire the following year, and in the last year of production it had risen to lire 12,980,000.

The main market for the “Daytona” was the USA. Ferrari's American importer Luigi Chinetti offered the 365 GTB / 4 on the west coast in 1970 at a price of US $ 19,500. It was three times as expensive as a Cadillac Eldorado , four times as expensive as a Chevrolet Corvette C3 and seven times as expensive as the Chevrolet Chevelle , the best-selling American family sedan of the 1970 model year.

In Germany Ferrari did not have its own sales company until 1989. Instead, general importers such as Auto Becker took care of the import and sale of the cars. Their pricing was not tied to factory specifications. In 1969 and 1970 they offered the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 for 68,600 DM. In the 1971 model year, the price rose to DM 78,435. It was DM 3,000 higher than that of the Maserati Ghibli and roughly equivalent to the level of a Mercedes-Benz 600 Pullman . A Lamborghini Miura was about 8,000 DM cheaper. A VW Beetle 1200 cost DM 5,045 at the same time, an Opel Ascona DM 7,645. In 1972 the 365 GBT / 4 then cost around DM 82,000 before the price fell again to DM 78,435 in the last year of production.

The sales prices in Switzerland in 1969 and 1970 were CHF 63,000 each  .

In the UK , importer Maranello Concessionaires offered the GTB / 4 for £ 6,700 in 1969. The coupe cost £ 605 more than a Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow and 15 times as much as a basic Mini (£ 438). In its final year of production, the retail price had risen to £ 8,680 but was now £ 50 below the Silver Shadow.

365 GTB / 4 Competizione

Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Competizione

Although the 365 GTB / 4 was not initially intended for use in motorsport, Ferrari developed a competition version of the coupé in 1970 at the request of a customer. The impetus for this was provided by Ferrari's US importer Luigi Chinetti, who headed the North American Racing Team (NART) in the late 1960s . In 1969, Chinetti ordered a 365 GTB / 4 from the factory with a specially made aluminum body (chassis number 12547), with which NART took part in several long-distance races in 1970. Building on this, Ferrari's own service department, Assistenza Clienti , produced five competitive versions of the 365 GTB / 4 called Competizione in 1971 (series 1), 1972 (series 2) and 1973 (series 3) . The three series differ from each other technically in some details. The engine outputs were 360 ​​PS (265 kW), 402 PS (296 kW) and 450 PS (331 kW), and the top speed exceeded 290 km / h in each case. Without exception, all Competizione models were sold to private customers such as NART, Charles Pozzi or Scuderia Filipinetti , who then organized the races themselves. There was no use of the Competizione by the Scuderia Ferrari works team . In addition to the 17 factory Competizione , there were seven other 365 GTB / 4s in racing that had been privately converted into racing vehicles.

The 365 GT / 4 Competizione were used many times in endurance races in France and the USA. From 1972, after a sufficient number of series vehicles had been built, they were classified in the Gran Turismo class. Here they achieved class victories at the Le Mans 24-hour races for three consecutive years : 1972 with Claude Ballot-Léna and Jean-Claude Andruet , 1973 with Ballot-Léna and Vic Elford and 1974 with Cyril Grandet and Dominique Bardini . In 1972 and 1973 the winning cars belonged to the team of Ferrari's French importer Charles Pozzi, and in 1974 Rayond Thourouls won the car. The only overall victory of a Competizione was achieved by Charles Pozzi's second series car in the Tour de France for automobiles in 1972 with Jean-Claude Andruet and Michèle Espinosi-Petit. The last race of a 365 GTB / 4 Competizione outside of historic motorsport took place in 1981 with an eight-year-old car; Joe Crevier and Pete Halsmer retired from the 1981 Daytona 24-hour race after an engine fire.

Some Competizione also have a prominent history. The Competizione drivers included the actor Paul Newman , who drove a car from the first series in the 1977 Daytona 24-hour race and finished fifth overall with Milt Minter and Elliot Forbes-Robinson . Another prominent driver was Robert Carradine .

Special versions

365 GTB / 4 hardtop

Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Hardtop Coupé from Pininfarina

Based on a 365 GTB / 4, Pininfarina designed a two-door notchback coupé with an attached roof in 1969. The vehicle (chassis number 12925) had a circumferential strip made of stainless steel behind the doors, which was supposed to imitate a roll bar. A panoramic rear window was installed behind it . The roof was firmly attached to the vehicle, but the rear window could be removed. The vehicle was perceived by observers as "a bit clumsy". The hardtop coupé remained a one-off; It still exists.

365 GTB / 4 "Shooting Brake"

Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Shooting Brake

In 1975 an extraordinary one-off based on a 1972 365 GTB / 4 was created: the so-called "Shooting Brake". This vehicle was a production Daytona converted into a station wagon. The idea for this came from Luigi Chinetti Junior, who supposedly had this vehicle designed by Gene Garfinkle and Bob Gittleman for hunting trips. The model for the design of the barrel-shaped rear section was the prototype called "The Rocket" for the Volvo P1800 ES , which Pietro Frua built as a one-off in 1968 on behalf of Volvo. The conversion took place in Great Britain at Panther Westwinds . Of the original body, only the window frame was used, all other body parts were new. Although there were several interested parties, the “Shooting Brake” remained a one-off.

365 GTS / 4 NART Spyder (15965)

In 1975 Michelotti designed a new body for the 1972 GTB / 4 chassis with the chassis number 15965. Luigi Chinetti originally sold the car as a series coupé to a US customer. After a short time the car was returned to Chinetti, who commissioned the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti to design a new body. In 1974 the chassis was given a new structure made of aluminum with a pronounced wedge shape and a Targa roof . It was shown at the 1975 Geneva Motor Show in red and white paintwork. Chinetti's NART team registered the car for Jean-Pierre Malcher and Patrick Langlois for the 1975 Le Mans 24-hour race . However, they did not start the race because Chinetti withdrew the report shortly before the start. Three years later Otto Zipper registered the car for the Daytona 24-hour race . This message was not accepted because of the non-standard body. The car still exists and is ready to drive.

365 GTS / 4 NART Spyder (16467)

In 1975 Luigi Chinetti took over a GTS / 4 that had been badly damaged during the filming of the film A Star Is Born (chassis number 16467). Chinetti again commissioned Giovanni Michelotti to design a new body. Michelotti designed a wedge-shaped, smooth-surfaced structure that reminded observers of the Triumph TR7 . Unlike his one year older design for chassis 15965, this structure had a foldable fabric top and no roll bar.

The 365 GTB / 4 and GTS / 4 in film and television

Miami Vice

Cult series of the 1980s: Miami Vice
Corvette-based McBurnie replica, famous for the Miami Vice series .

In the US television series Miami Vice , produced from 1984 to 1989 , the main character Sonny Crockett (played by Don Johnson ) allegedly drove a black "Daytona Spider". In fact, the cars used in the series were not Ferrari 365 GTS / 4s, but replicas that McBurnie Coachcraft had made in Santee , California on the chassis of a Chevrolet Corvette C3 . The drive technology also came from General Motors . The body of the plagiarism was made of plastic. It differed in some details from the original, including the door handles, the headlights and the interior. The dimensions were not the same either; the replicas were a little longer and wider than the 365 GTS / 4. A total of five replicas were used in the series

Ferrari had the use of the replicas forbidden in court, especially since the vehicle was consistently referred to as a real Ferrari in the series. In the episode "Dirty Hands" (3rd episode, 2nd season) the (fictitious) chassis number for the car named "Ferrari Daytona Spider" in the vehicle documents is given as "23986686J". The McBurnie replica was destroyed by an explosion in the episode "Love and Death" (1st episode, 3rd season) in order to be able to remove it from the series (in fact, only an empty body was blown up). It was replaced by a Ferrari Testarossa , which was initially painted black and later white. The - apparent - use of this car in the globally successful television series increased awareness of the 365 GTS / 4 considerably and subsequently led to a significant increase in sales prices. An employee of the auction house Sotheby’s said in 2003:

“The vehicle, the design, the genes, everything that defines the car comes from Italy. The myth, however, comes from the USA. From Miami. Because without Miami Vice, the Daytona would certainly not be nearly as well known as it is today. Who cares if Sonny Crockett actually drove a Corvette? It was a Daytona for everyone. And that's what counts. Instead of banning it, Enzo should have been proud of it. "

Movies

  • In the feature film A Star Is Born , Kris Kristofferson drives an original Spyder (chassis number 16467). The car was badly damaged during filming and was given a new body by Michelotti after production was completed.
  • In the film The Craziest Rally in the World (original title: Gumball Rallye ) from 1976 Tim McIntire drives a (real) 365 GTB / 4 in the role of Steve Smith.
  • In Cannonball Fever - It's only really getting started on the highway ( Speed ​​Zone!, 1989) Melody Anderson and Shari Belafonte apparently drive a 365 GTS / 4. The vehicle is actually not a Ferrari, but one of the replicas manufactured by McBurnie Coachcraft for Miami Vice , the exterior of which had been slightly revised.
  • In Rookie - The novice ( The Rookie , 1990) appears another built by McBurnie replica of the 365 GTS / 4.
  • In Columbo - Steps out of the Shadows (Lady in Waiting), after the murder of her brother, Beth receives the blue 365 GTB / 4 that was ordered before her act.

Replicas

Since the early 1980s, numerous companies have been offering replicas of the Ferrari "Daytona", which combine a body based on the original with inexpensive mass production technology from different origins. In some cases the cars were sold as kits, while other manufacturers produced complete vehicles. Overall, there are now more replicas of the Ferrari 365 GTS / 4 than original vehicles.

United States

  • Based on the props for the Miami Vice series, McBurnie Coachcraft manufactured numerous similarly constructed Daytona replicas for US customers.
  • In Exotic Coachcraft in San Diego created from 1984 to about 1990 GTS / 4-replicas with Corvette technique.
  • California Custom Coach from Pasadena presented a replica of a GTS / 4 in the 1980s, which, like McBurnie's replica, deviated from the original in numerous details.

Germany

  • Leggatti Automobilbau from Düsseldorf offered replicas of the 365 GTS / 4 with plastic bodies and Corvette technology from 1989. The dimensions of the superstructures did not fully correspond to the original. There were also numerous deviations in detail, for example in the door handles.
  • Several other replicas of the 365 GTS / 4 were made from 1988 to 1994 at Lorico Sport Cars in Michelau .

Great Britain

  • British kit "Daytona": EG Arrow
    The Wales- based company EG Autocraft produced replicas of the 365 GTB / 4 and GTS / 4 in kit form and as finished     vehicles from 1987 . The bodies were made of plastic, the chassis and drive technology came from the Jaguar XJ12 . EG Autocraft manufactured 73 coupes and seven Spyders, which were marketed as EG Arrow . After EG Autocraft went bankrupt, Hillcrest Classics took over the production of the replicas. Eight other vehicles with the name Hillcrest V12 were built here . The exact production period is unclear.
  • The British company LR Roadsters manufactured around 30 kits for replicas of the 365 GTS / 4 from 1987 to 1990, which were sold as RAM RT.
  • Southern Roadcraft from Lancing initially sold the American McBurnie replicas in Great Britain. The company gradually revised the American designs and sold them, now with Jaguar technology, as the SR V12. Between 1988 and 1993 around 120 kits were made.

The 365 GTB / 4 and GTS / 4 on the classic market

Both the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 and the GTS / 4 are very popular on the classic market. They are now seen as investment properties for which very high prices are paid. A 365 GTB / 4 in perfect condition cost around 875,000 euros in 2017, and 690,000 euros in good condition. Prices are up nearly 200% compared to 2011 and have tripled compared to 2008. Individual pieces that have a special history are significantly more expensive.

The open 365 GTS / 4s are much more expensive, provided they are original Spyder. In perfect condition, they achieved prices of around 2.7 million euros in 2017, and 2.2 million euros in good condition. A few years earlier, Greg Garrison's Spyder , the producer of the Dean Martin Show , only sold for 1.5 million euros at auction.

In contrast, the “conversions” in sales do not even come close to the price level of a real 365 GTS / 4, but they are now at a similar level to the Berlinettas.

The rare Competizione models in series 1, 2 and 3 play a role of their own . In 2018, prices between 3 and 7 million US $ will be charged for them - depending on the racing history.

Technical specifications

Ferrari 365 GTB / 4
engine 12-cylinder V-engine (four-stroke), fork angle 60 °
Displacement 4390 cc
Bore × stroke 81 × 71 mm
Power at 1 / min 352 hp (259 kW) at 7500
Max. Torque at 1 / min 449 Nm at 5400
compression 9.3: 1 (Europe)
8.8: 1 (North America)
Mixture preparation 6
downdraft twin carburettors Weber 40 DCN20 (Europe)
Weber 40 DCN21 (North America)
Valve control 2 overhead camshafts per cylinder bank, driven by 2 chains
cooling Water cooling
transmission 5-speed gearbox, stick shift
Front suspension Double wishbone axle , coil springs
Rear suspension Double wishbone axle , coil springs
Brakes Four-wheel disc brakes (diameter 28.8 / 29.7 cm), brake booster
steering Rack and pinion steering
body Steel with individual aluminum components, on a tubular frame
wheelbase 2400 mm
Front / rear track 1440/1425 mm
Dimensions (length × width × height) 4425 × 1760 × 1245 mm
tires 215/70 VR 15
Empty weight 1625 kg
Top speed 280 km / h (factory specification)
Fuel consumption 19.6 liters / 100 km
Price (DM) 78,435 (1973)

literature

  • Leonardo Acerbi: Ferrari: A Complete Guide to All Models , MBI Publishing Company LLC, 2006, ISBN 9780760325506 .
  • Georg Amtmann, Halwart Schrader: Italian sports cars . Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-613-01988-4
  • Pat Braden and Gerald Roush: The Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona , Osprey, 1982, ISBN 9780850454123 .
  • Matthias Braun, Ernst Fischer, Manfred Steinert, Alexander Franc Storz: Ferrari road and racing cars since 1946. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-613-02651-3 .
  • Peter Braun, Gregor Schulz: The great Ferrari manual. All series and racing vehicles from 1947 to the present day. Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2006, ISBN 3-89880-501-8 .
  • Klaus Finkenburg: Ferrari Daytona. Motor Klassik Buying Guide Italian Classics. Motor Presse Verlag 2017.
  • Brian Laban: Ferrari. Translated from the English by Frauke Watson. Parragon Books, Bath 2006, ISBN 978-1405414098 .
  • Doug Nye: World Supercars 1: Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona , Arco Publishing 1984, ISBN 978-0668058834 .

Web links

Commons : Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 “Daytona”  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Ferrari 365 GTS / 4 “Daytona”  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Depending on the source, the derisive name referred either to Maria von Teck , the wife of the British King George V known as "Queen Mary" (so Braun / Schulz, p. 74) or to the British passenger ship RMS Queen Mary named after her ( Ferrari World Special - 50 Years of Ferrari , No. 2/1997)
  2. ↑ One of the first successful competition vehicles with a mid-engine was the Cooper T41 for Formula 2 presented in 1956. Some time later, Cooper's mid-engine cars also appeared in Formula 1. Lotus copied the concept in 1960 with the T18 , and Scuderia Ferrari entered Formula 1 in 1961 ( Ferrari 156 ) and in sports car racing with a mid-engine. From 1959 , when Jack Brabham won the world championship with his Cooper T51 , all titles in Formula 1 went to drivers who drove mid-engine sports cars. See Adriano Cimarosti: Das Jahrhundert des Rennsports , Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-613-01848-9 , p. 167 and 170.
  3. ↑ There were deviations in particular in the shape of the rear side windows.
  4. ↑ The Tipo 217B had wet sump lubrication, the Tipo 245 had pressure circulation lubrication. See Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, pp. 147 and 149.
  5. ↑ In 1970 the founders of Carrozzeria Scagletti sold a third of the company's shares to Ferrari and a further third to Fiat. See Alessandro Sannia: Enciclopedia dei carrozzieri italiani, Società Editrice Il Cammello, 2017, ISBN 978-8896796412 , pp. 499, 501.
  6. ↑ The 275 GTB with two overhead camshafts was produced from 1964 to 1966 in 455 copies (205 with a long and 250 with a short front section), the externally identical 275 GTB / 4 with four overhead camshafts was produced a total of 330 times from 1966 to 1968. See Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 216.

Individual evidence

The following works are cited in abbreviated form in the individual references:

abbreviation Full title
Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz Matthias Braun, Ernst Fischer, Manfred Steinert, Alexander Franc Storz: Ferrari road and racing cars since 1946. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-613-02651-3 .
Braun / Schulz Peter Braun, Gregor Schulz: The great Ferrari manual. All series and racing vehicles from 1947 to the present day. Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2006, ISBN 3-89880-501-8 .
Laban Brian Laban: Ferrari. Translated from the English by Frauke Watson. Parragon Books, Bath 2006, ISBN 978-1405414098 .
Nye Doug Nye: World Supercars 1: Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona , Arco Publishing 1984, ISBN 978-0668058834 .
  1. ↑ Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 147.
  2. ↑ Laban, p. 66.
  3. ↑ Laban, p. 67.
  4. ^ A b David Lillywhite, Halwart Schrader : Classic automobiles . Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-613-02552-3 , p. 169.
  5. ↑ On this, Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 240.
  6. ^ A b Leonardo Fioravanti: I designed the Daytona - in a week . Octane Classic and Performance Car, issue 175 from January 2018, p. 72.
  7. ↑ a b c d e model description on the website www.daytonaregistry.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  8. ^ Richard Heseltine: More Power, New Ideas, Wild Looks ... Half Price . Comparison test Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 and 365 GT4 BB in: Classic & Sports Car, issue December 2011, p. 84.
  9. ^ A b c d e Matthew Lange: Want, Buy and Drive the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona. In: petrolicious.com. May 29, 2013, accessed October 2, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Description of the Lamborghini Miura on the website www.lamborghini.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  11. ↑ a b c d e Klaus Westrup: Eilkunde . Test Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 in: auto motor und sport, issue 3/1973.
  12. ↑ a b c Laban, p. 69.
  13. ^ Nye, p. 19.
  14. ^ A b c Klaus Finkenburg: Ferrari Daytona. Motor Klassik Buying Guide Italian Classics. Motor Presse Verlag 2017, p. 51.
  15. ↑ a b c Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 219.
  16. ↑ a b c Simon Kidston: For what it's worth. Presentation of the price development for the 365 GTB / 4 and GTS / 4 in: Octane Classic and Performance Car, issue 1/2018, p. 76.
  17. ↑ a b c The Ferrari 365 GTS / 4 on the website www.supercars.net (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  18. ↑ Fabien Sobatès: Ferrari , Lechner-Verlag 1993, ISBN 3-85049-024-6
  19. ^ NN: D&G - Daytona & Ghibli , Ferrari World, Issue 52, No. 1/2004
  20. ↑ Results of the Daytona 24-hour race on the wsrp.cz website (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  21. ↑ Doug Nyes monograph from 1984 (Arco Publishing 1984, ISBN 978-0668058834 ), for example, has the book title World Supercars 1: Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona .
  22. ↑ a b Nye, p. 20.
  23. ↑ Description and illustration of the first two Scaglietti prototypes on the website www.supercars.net (on October 2, 2018).
  24. ↑ Braun / Schulz, p. 74.
  25. ↑ a b c d Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 220.
  26. ↑ a b c d e Klaus Finkenburg: Ferrari Daytona. Motor Klassik Buying Guide Italian Classics. Motor Presse Verlag 2017, p. 52.
  27. ^ Nye, p. 26.
  28. ↑ a b sales brochure of a Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 from 1973 (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  29. ↑ a b c d Dean Bachelor, Chris Poole, Graham Robson: The great book of sports cars . Müller, Erlangen 1990 (no ISBN), p. 186.
  30. ^ Nye, p. 23.
  31. ↑ a b c Nye, p. 24.
  32. ↑ a b c Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 218.
  33. ^ Nye, p. 21.
  34. ↑ Braun / Schulz, p. 76.
  35. ^ Nye, p. 25.
  36. ↑ Jürgen Pander: 40 years of the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona: The fastest sixty-eight. In: Spiegel Online. April 4, 2008, accessed October 2, 2018 .
  37. ↑ Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 226.
  38. ↑ Keith Adams: Rover SD1 development story. In: aronline.co.uk. May 14, 2018, accessed October 2, 2018 .
  39. ↑ Jonathan Wood: Sports Cars. Fascination and Adventure , Parragon Books, ISBN 1-40544-604-8 , p. 132.
  40. ^ Georg Amtmann, Halwart Schrader : Italian sports cars . Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-613-01988-4 , p. 136.
  41. ^ A b Richard Heseltine: More Power, New Ideas, Wild Looks ... Half Price . Comparison test Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 and 365 GT / 4 BB, in: Classic & Sports Car, issue December 2011, p. 86.
  42. ↑ Nye, p. 22.
  43. ^ NN: Unique Alloy Daytona sees the light . Classic Cars, issue 11/2017, p. 32.
  44. ↑ Information from auto motor und sport , issue 3/1973.
  45. ↑ Values ​​according to the information on the website http://www.1001moteurs.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  46. ↑ Values ​​according to the information on the website www.automobile-catalog.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  47. ↑ a b c Leonardo Acerbi: Ferrari: A Complete Guide to All Models , MBI Publishing Company LLC, 2006, ISBN 9780760325506 , p. 207.
  48. ↑ Thesis . In: Ferrari World. Edition 69, No. 2/2008.
  49. ↑ a b Braun / Schulz, p. 78.
  50. ↑ a b c d Michael Sheehan: All About Daytona Conversions , in: Sports Car Market, April 2005 issue
  51. ↑ Steve Ahlgrim: 1972 Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Daytona Spyder Conversion. In: sportscarmarket.com. December 2008, accessed October 2, 2018 .
  52. ↑ Auto Catalog No. 28 (1984/85), p. 148.
  53. ^ A b Klaus Finkenburg: Ferrari Daytona. Motor Klassik Buying Guide Italian Classics. Motor Presse Verlag 2017, p. 53.
  54. ↑ Alessandro Sannia: Enciclopedia dei carrozzieri italiani, Società Editrice Il Cammello, 2017, ISBN 978-8896796412 , p. 501.
  55. ↑ Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 223.
  56. ^ Gianni Cancellieri: Maserati . All the cars. Giorgio Nada Editore, Vimodrone 2015, ISBN 978-88-7911-609-1 , pp. 202, 206.
  57. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1970/71. United Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1970, p. 27.
  58. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1971/72. United Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1971, p. 25.
  59. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, 1974 catalog . Vereinigte Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1973, p. 27.
  60. ^ Nye, p. 87.
  61. ↑ Richard M. Langworth: Encyclopedia of American Cars 1930–1980. New York (Beekman House) 1984. ISBN 0-517-42462-2 , pp. 108, 159 and 180.
  62. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1969/70 , Vereinigte Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1969, p. 10, as well as Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1970/71. Vereinigte Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1970, pp. 10 and 96.
  63. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1971/72. Vereinigte Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1971, pp. 4–10.
  64. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, catalog 1972/73 . Vereinigte Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1972, pp. 12 and 92.
  65. ^ Werner Oswald (editor): Auto Modelle, 1974 catalog . United Motor-Verlage, Stuttgart 1973, p. 12 and 102.
  66. ^ Robert Braunschweig: Catalog number 1969 of the Automobile Revue. Hallwag, Bern 1969, p. 142.
  67. ^ Robert Braunschweig: Catalog number 1970 of the Automobile Revue. Hallwag, Bern 1970, p. 142.
  68. ↑ World Car Catalog Models of 1969 , published annually by The Automobile Club of Italy, Edited by Sergio D'Angelo, published in Great Britain in 1969 by London Iliffe Books Ltd, pp. 134, 539, 551 and 577.
  69. ↑ World Cars 1973 , published annually by The Automobile Club of Italy, Edited by L'Editrice Dell'Automobile LEA, published in United States of America in 1973 by Herald Books, Pelham, New York, ISBN 0910714053 , pp. 213, 426 and 436.
  70. ↑ Results of the 1972 Le Mans Grand Prix on the website www.racingsportscars.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  71. ↑ Results of the 24 Hours of Le Mans 1974 on the website www.racingsportscars.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  72. ↑ Results of the Tour de France Automobile 1972 on the website www.racingsportscars.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  73. ↑ Detailed description of the races of the 365 GTB / 4 Competizione at Christian Huet: Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 Groupe 4: Daytona Competizione , Editions Christian Huet, 2002, ISBN 9782950043221 .
  74. ↑ Results of the 1977 Daytona 24-hour race on the website www.racingsportscars.com (accessed October 2, 2018).
  75. ↑ Braun / Fischer / Steinert / Storz, p. 219.
  76. ↑ Images and description of "The Rocket" with express reference to the Ferrari 365 GTB / 4 "Shooting Brake" on the website www.pietro-frua.de (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  77. ↑ The Shooting Brake on the website www.coachbuild.com and pictures of the 365 GTB / 4 “Shooting Brake”. ( Memento of the original from November 21, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pestalozzi.net
  78. ↑ James Elliot: Red Wedge . Classic & Sports Car, September 2005 issue.
  79. ↑ The 365 GTS / 4 Michelotti NART Spyder on the website www.supercars.net (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  80. ↑ Tim Cole: The Machines of Miami Vice . Popular Mechanics, May 1986, p. 91.
  81. ↑ a b Miami Vice in the Internet Movie Database: as of November 10, 2008.
  82. ↑ a b Article Marketplace. In: Ferrari World. Edition 68, No. 1/2008.
  83. ↑ Entry on the website www.imcdb.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  84. ↑ Trivia on "Cannonball Fever - It's only really getting started on the highway" on the website www.imdb.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  85. ↑ Note on the website www.movietimecars.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  86. ^ Image of the CCC Daytona America (right) next to an original Ferrari vehicle on the website www.allcarindex.com (accessed on October 2, 2018).
  87. ↑ Steve Hole: AZ of Kit Cars. The definite encyclopaedia of the UK's kit car industry since 1949 , Haynes Publishing, Sparkford 2012, ISBN 9781844256778 , s. 83.
  88. ↑ Steve Hole: AZ of Kit Cars. The definite encyclopaedia of the UK's kit car industry since 1949 , Haynes Publishing, Sparkford 2012, ISBN 9781844256778 , speaks on the one hand of 1991 (p. 83) and on the other hand of the years 1987 and 1988 (p. 121).
  89. ↑ Steve Hole: AZ of Kit Cars. The definite encyclopaedia of the UK's kit car industry since 1949 , Haynes Publishing, Sparkford 2012, ISBN 9781844256778 , p. 205.
  90. ↑ Steve Hole: AZ of Kit Cars. The definite encyclopaedia of the UK's kit car industry since 1949 , Haynes Publishing, Sparkford 2012, ISBN 9781844256778 , p. 214 f.
  91. ↑ Steve Hole: AZ of Kit Cars. The definite encyclopaedia of the UK's kit car industry since 1949 , Haynes Publishing, Sparkford 2012, ISBN 9781844256778 , p. 239.
  92. ↑ a b Kai Klauder: 40 years Daytona. www.motor-klassik.de, May 13, 2008, accessed on October 2, 2018 .
  93. ↑ a b Oldtimer Markt special issue 59: Classic Cars from 1920 to 1995 - Prices , p. 116.
  94. ↑ The technical data can be found in the car catalog No. 15 (1971/72), p. 24 f. taken.
  95. ^ Lehbrink / Schlegelmilch: Ferrari , Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, Cologne 1995, ISBN 3-89508-076-4 , p. 373.
  96. ↑ Auto.Ferrari.Com . Retrieved on October 2, 2018. The information on tire sizes differ slightly depending on the source.
  97. ↑ According to Nye, p. 87 (12 miles per gallon)
This article was added to the list of excellent articles on September 4, 2018 in this version .