List of Heads of State 1943
Overview
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Africa
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Egypt
- Head of State: King Faruq (1936–1952)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mustafa an-Nahhas Pascha ( 1928, 1930, 1936–1937 , 1942–1944, 1950–1952 )
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Ethiopia
- Head of State: Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974) (1916–1930 regent, 1936–1941 in exile)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Makonnen Endelkachew (January 29, 1943–1957) (newly created office)
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Liberia
- Head of State and Government: President Edwin Barclay (1930–1944)
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South Africa
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
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Governor General :
- Patrick Duncan (1937– July 17, 1943)
- Nicolaas Jacobus de Wet (July 19, 1943–1946) (acting)
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Governor General :
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jan Smuts ( 1919–1924 , 1939–1948)
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
America
North America
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Canada
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
- Governor General : Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (1940–1946) (1924–1931 Governor General of South Africa)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King ( 1921–1926, 1926–1930 , 1935–1948)
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
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Mexico
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel Ávila Camacho (1940–1946)
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United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945)
Central America
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Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (1940–1944)
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Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government: President Rafael Trujillo ( 1930–1938 , 1942–1952)
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El Salvador
- Head of State and Government: President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez ( 1931–1934 , 1935–1944)
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Guatemala
- Head of State and Government: President Jorge Ubico Castañeda (1931–1944)
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Haiti
- Head of State or Government: President Élie Lescot (1941–1946)
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Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President Tiburcio Carías Andino (1933–1949)
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Cuba
- Head of State: President Fulgencio Batista (1940–1944, 1952–1959 )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ramón Zaydín y Márquez Sterling (1942–1944)
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Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President Anastasio Somoza García (1937–1947, 1950–1956 )
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Panama
- Head of State and Government: President Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango (1941–1945)
South America
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Argentina
- Head of State and Government:
- President Ramón Castillo (1940–4 June 1943) (acting until 1942)
- President Arturo Rawson (June 4, 1943– June 7, 1943)
- President Pedro Pablo Ramírez (June 7, 1943–1944)
- Head of State and Government:
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Bolivia
- Head of State and Government:
- President Enrique Peñaranda del Castillo (1940-20 September 1943)
- President Gualberto Villarroel López (September 20, 1943–1946)
- Head of State and Government:
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Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945, 1951–1954 )
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Chile
- Head of State and Government: President Juan Antonio Ríos Morales (1942–1946)
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Ecuador
- Head of State and Government: President Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río ( 1939 , 1940–1944)
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Colombia
- Head of State and Government: President Alfonso López Pumarejo ( 1934–1938 , 1942–1945)
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Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Higinio Morínigo (1940–1948) (acting until August 15, 1943)
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Peru
- Head of State: President Manuel Prado y Ugarteche (1939–1945, 1956–1962 )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Alfredo Solf y Muro (1939–1944)
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Uruguay
- Head of State and Government:
- President Alfredo Baldomir (1938– March 1, 1943)
- President Juan José de Amézaga (March 1, 1943–1947)
- Head of State and Government:
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Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Isaías Medina Angarita (1941–1945)
Asia
East, South and Southeast Asia
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Bhutan
- Ruler: King Jigme Wangchuk (1926–1952)
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China
- Head of State:
- President of the National Government Lin Sen (1931–1 August 1943)
- Chairman of the Chiang Kai-shek National Government (August 1, 1943–1948)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Executive Yuan Chiang Kai-shek (1939–1945)
- Head of State:
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British India
- Emperor : George VI. (1936–1947)
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Viceroy :
- Victor Alexander John Hope (1936–1943)
- Archibald Wavell (1943-1947)
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Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Tōjō Hideki (1941–1944)
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Manchukuo (controversial)
- Head of State: Emperor Puyi (1932–1945)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Zhang Jinghui (1935–1945)
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Nepal
- Head of State: King Tribhuvan (1911–1955)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1932–1945)
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Siam (today: Thailand)
- Head of State: King Ananda Mahidol (1935–1946)
- Head of Government: Field Marshal Phibul Songkhram (1938–1944)
Middle East
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Iraq
- Head of State: King Faisal II (1939-1958)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Nuri as-Said (1941–1944)
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Iran
- Head of State: Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Ghavam os-Saltaneh (1942 – February 1943)
- Prime Minister Ali Soheili (1943–1944)
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Yemen
- Ruler: King Yahya bin Muhammad (1918–1948)
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Saudi Arabia
- Head of state and head of government: King Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud (1932–1953)
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Transjordan (today: Jordan )
- Ruler: Emir Abdallah ibn Husain I (1921–1951)
Central Asia
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Afghanistan
- Head of State: King Mohammed Sahir Shah (1933–1973)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan (1929–1946)
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Mongolia
- Head of State: Chairman of the Great State Chural Gontschigiin Bumtsend (July 6, 1940–1953)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Chorloogiin Tschoibalsan (1939–1952)
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Tibet (controversial)
- Ruler: Dalai Lama Tendzin Gyatsho (1935–1951)
Australia and Oceania
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Australia
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
- Governor General: Earl Alexander Hore-Ruthven (1936–1945)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister John Curtin (1941–1945)
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New Zealand
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
- Governor General: Marshal Baron Cyril Newall (1941–1946)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Peter Fraser (1940–1949)
Europe
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Albania (occupied by Italy 1939–1943, occupied by Germany 1943–1944)
- Head of State:
- King Victor Emmanuel III (1939–3 September 1943) (1936–1941 Emperor of Ethiopia, 1900–1946 King of Italy)
- Chairman of the Regency Council Mehdi Bej Frashëri (October 20, 1943–1944)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Mustafa Kruja (1941–19 January 1943)
- Prime Minister Eqrem Libohova (January 19, 1943– February 13, 1943, 1943 )
- Prime Minister Maliq Bushati (February 13, 1943– May 12, 1743)
- Prime Minister Eqrem Libohova ( 1943 , May 12, 1743– September 9, 1943)
- Prime Minister Mehdi Bej Frashëri ( 1935–1936 , October 24, 1943– November 3, 1943)
- Prime Minister Rexhep Mitrovica (November 4, 1943–1944)
- Head of State:
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Andorra
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Co-princes :
- President of France : Henri Philippe Pétain (1940–1944)
- Bishop of Urgell : Ramon Iglésias Navarri (1940–1969)
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Co-princes :
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Belgium (occupied by Germany 1940–1944)
- Military governor: Alexander von Falkenhausen (1940–1944)
- Head of State: King Leopold III. (1934–1951) (1940–1945 in German captivity, 1945–1950 in exile in Switzerland)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hubert Pierlot (1939–1945) (1940–1944 in exile)
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Bulgaria
- Head of State:
- Tsar Boris III. (1918-28 August 1943)
- Simeon II (August 28, 1943–1946) (Prime Minister 2001–2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Bogdan Filow (1940–12 September 1943)
- Prime Minister Petar Gabrowski (September 12, 1943– September 14, 1943) (acting)
- Prime Minister Dobri Boschilow (September 14, 1943–1944)
- Head of State:
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Denmark (occupied by Germany 1940–1945)
- Head of State: King Christian X (1912–1947) (1918–1944 King of Iceland)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Erik Scavenius (1942–1945)
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German Empire
- Head of State and Government: "Führer and Reich Chancellor" Adolf Hitler (1933–1945)
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Finland
- Head of State: President Risto Ryti (1940–1944) (Prime Minister 1939–1940)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Johan Wilhelm Rangell (1941–5 March 1943)
- Prime Minister Edwin Linkomies (March 5, 1943–1944)
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France (occupied by Germany 1940-1944; government controlled by the so-called Vichy regime in the east and south of Germany)
- Head of State: Head of State Philippe Pétain (1940–1944) (1940–1942 President of the Council of Ministers)
- Head of Government: President of the Council of Ministers Pierre Laval ( 1931–1932, 1935–1936 , 1942–1944)
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Greece (1941–1944 occupied by Germany and (until 1943) Italy)
- Head of State: King George II ( 1922–1924 , 1935–1947) (1941–1946 in exile)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Emmanouil Tsouderos (April 21, 1941–1944) (in exile from May 23, 1941)
- Prime Minister Konstantinos Logothetopoulos (1942–7 April 1943) (government under the control of the Axis powers)
- Prime Minister Ioannis Rallis (April 7, 1943–1944) (government under the control of the Axis Powers)
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Ireland
- Head of State: President Douglas Hyde (1938–1945)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Éamon de Valera (1932–1948, 1951–1954, 1957–1959 ) (1959–1973 President)
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Italy
- Head of State: King Viktor Emanuel III. (1900-1946)
- Head of Government:
- Duce Benito Mussolini (1922-25 July 1943)
- Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio (July 26, 1943–1944)
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Republic of Salò (in northern Italy occupied by Germany)
- Head of State and Government: Benito Mussolini (23 September 1943–1945)
- Yugoslavia (occupied by Germany from 1941 to 1945 and Italy (until 1943))
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Croatia (1941-1945 under the sovereignty of Germany and (until 1943) Italy)
- Head of State:
- King Tomislav II (1941– October 12, 1943) (was never crowned)
- "Leader" Ante Pavelić (October 12, 1943–1945) (1941–1943 head of government)
- Head of Government:
- "Leader" Ante Pavelić (1941–2 September 1943) (1943–1945 Head of State)
- Prime Minister Nikola Mandić (September 2, 1943–1945)
- Head of State:
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Liechtenstein
- Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II. (1938–1989)
- Head of Government Josef Hoop (1928–1945)
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Luxembourg (occupied by Germany 1940–1944)
- Head of State: Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919–1964) (1940–1945 in exile)
- Head of Government: Minister of State Pierre Dupong (1937–1953) (1940–1945 in exile)
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CdZ area Luxembourg
- Head of Civil Administration Gustav Simon (1940–1944)
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Monaco
- Head of State: Prince Louis II (1922–1949)
- Head of Government: Minister of State Émile Roblot (1937–1944)
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Netherlands (occupied by Germany 1940–1945)
- Head of State: Queen Wilhelmina (1890–1948) (1940–1945 in exile)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy (1940–1945) (1940–1945 in exile)
- Reichskommissar Arthur Seyß-Inquart (1940–1945) (1938 Federal Chancellor of Austria)
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Norway (occupied by Germany from 1940 to 1945)
- Head of State: King Haakon VII (1906–1957) (1940–1945 in exile)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Johan Nygaardsvold (1935–1945) (1940–1945 in exile)
- Reich Commissioner Josef Terboven (1940–1945)
- Prime Minister Vidkun Quisling ( 1940 , 1942–1945)
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Portugal
- Head of State: President Óscar Carmona (1925–1951)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar (1932–1968)
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Romania
- Head of State: King Michael I (1940–1947)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ion Antonescu (1940–1944)
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San Marino
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Capitani Reggenti :
- Carlo Balsimelli ( 1920–1921, 1933–1934, 1938–1939 , 1942– April 1, 1943) and Renato Martelli (1942– April 1, 1943)
- Marino Michelotti ( 1934–1935, 1939–1940 , April 1, 1943– October 1, 1943) and Bartolomeo Manzoni Borghesi (April 1, 1943– October 1, 1943)
- Marino Della Balda ( 1921 , October 1, 1943–1944, 1947, 1950–1951 ) and Sante Lonfernini (October 1, 1943–1944)
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Capitani Reggenti :
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Sweden
- Head of State: King Gustav V (1907–1950)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson (1936–1946)
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Switzerland
- Federal President : Enrico Celio (1943, 1948 )
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Federal Council :
- Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1929-1944)
- Philipp Etter (1934–1959)
- Ernst Wetter (1939–31 December 1943)
- Enrico Celio (1940–1950)
- Walther Stampfli (1940–1947)
- Karl Kobelt (1941–1954)
- Eduard von Steiger (1941–1951)
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Slovakia
- Head of State: Jozef Tiso (1939–1945)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Vojtech Tuka (1939–1944)
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Soviet Union
- Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (1922–1946)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Josef Stalin (1941–1953)
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Spain
- Head of State and Government: General Francisco Franco (1939–1975)
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Turkey
- Head of State: President İsmet İnönü (1938–1950)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Şükrü Saracoğlu (1942–1946)
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Hungary
- Head of State: Imperial Administrator Miklós Horthy (1920–1944)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Miklós Kállay (1942–1944)
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Vatican city
- Head of State: Pope Pius XII. (1939-1958)
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United Kingdom
- Head of State: King George VI. (1936–1952)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1940–1945)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares