Parade (album)
| parade | |||||||||
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| Prince and The Revolution's studio album | |||||||||
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Publication |
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admission |
April 17, 1985 - December 16, 1985 |
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| Label (s) | Warner Bros. Records / Paisley Park | ||||||||
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Format (s) |
LP, CD |
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Title (number) |
12 |
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running time |
40:57 |
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| occupation |
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Studio (s) |
Sunset Sound ( Los Angeles ) |
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Parade is the eighth studio album by the American musician Prince . He recorded it with his backing band The Revolution and released it on March 31, 1986 on the Warner Bros. Records / Paisley Park label and serves as the soundtrack of Prince's film Under the Cherry Moon . The music on the album belongs to the genres R&B , funk , pop and rock . Guest musicians act Clare Fischer , Gene Cipriano , Jonathan Melvoin , Susannah Melvoin and Sheila E. with. Parade was the last album Prince recorded with The Revolution.
The album was internationally successful and was able to achieve gold and platinum status in various countries, the single Kiss was number one in the US singles hit parade. The parade tour was also commercially successful and Prince performed live for the first time in Germany and Japan in 1986. Music critics rated both the album and the tour very positively in some cases.
Emergence
On April 17, 1985 - ten days after the end of the Purple Rain tour and five days before the release of the previous album Around the World in a Day - Prince began recording his album in Studio 3 in Sunset Sound in Los Angeles , California Parade . On the first day he recorded the four songs Wendy's Parade , New Position , I Wonder U and Under the Cherry Moon . Earlier, Prince had instructed sound engineer Susan Rogers not to interrupt the recording of these songs. Rogers said, “He [Prince] said, 'I'm starting to play the drums and when I stop, don't turn off the tape . Just let it go '. He sat behind the drum kit and pasted his lyrics to a music stand in front of him. We pressed "record" from the tape recorder and he played the complete drum tracks of the four songs one after the other. Just four drum tracks in a row, all in the first recording! We never cut anything between those songs, they were taken as they were. ”Prince used the Fairlight CMI for the four songs , and Wendy Melvoin and Lisa Coleman added the backing vocals . In addition, Wendy Melvoin took over the vocals on the song I Wonder U . After Prince had overdubbed and mixed the four songs , he recorded the two tracks Old Friends 4 Sale and Others Here with Us on April 20, but later deleted them from the track list of the Parade album. On April 21, 1985 - exactly 31 years before his death to the day - Prince recorded the two songs Life Can Be So Nice with Sheila E. , who played the drums, and Sometimes It Snows in April .
While Prince was busy recording the album Parade in Studio 3 , the band Mazarati worked in Studio 2 next door. The producer was Prince's bassist Brown Mark, and David Z. Rivkin worked in Studio 2 as a sound engineer. Mazarati asked Prince if he could write them a song. Then Prince recorded the song Kiss on April 28, 1985 - but in a version only with acoustic guitars - and passed the song on to Mazarati. “We didn't know what to do with the song. It was just a version on the acoustic guitar, ”recalled David Z. Rivkin. Together with sound engineer Coke Johnson revised he and Brown Mark the song Kiss completely and added drum machine , bass, piano and voice of the band Mazarati added. Impressed by the result, Prince revised the song again by taking back the bass, adding guitar licks and taking over the vocals himself - an octave higher. David Z. Rivkin was named as the arranger of Kiss when it was later released as the pre-release of the album Parade . On the same day as Kiss , Prince also recorded the song All My Dreams , which is still unreleased today (as of 2020).
On May 1, 1985, Prince presented the Warner Bros. Records label with a rough version of the Parade album, back then without Kiss , with the following tracklist :
| No. | Parade : May 1st, 1985 | publication |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wendy's Parade | on parade as Christopher Tracy's Parade |
| 2 | New position | parade |
| 3 | I Wonder U | parade |
| 4th | Under the Cherry Moon | parade |
| 5 | Others Here with Us | until today (2020) unpublished |
| 6th | Life Can Be So Nice | parade |
| 7th | Sometimes It Snows in April | parade |
| 8th | Old Friends 4 Sale | 1999 on The Vault… Old Friends 4 Sale |
| 9 | All my dreams | until today (2020) unpublished |
In the summer of 1985, Prince revised the song Wendy's Parade and changed the song title to Christopher Tracy's Parade . Christopher Tracy is the main character played by Prince himself in the film Under the Cherry Moon .
While in Los Angeles, Quincy Jones arranged a meeting between Prince and Michael Jackson . Jones had produced Jackson's 1982 album Thriller and believed Jackson and Prince - both very successful at the time - should meet over dinner at Jackson's then home in Encino , California. The writer Quincy Troupe , later co-author of Miles Davis - The Autobiography , described the situation as follows: “It was a strange summit. […] The two [Jackson and Prince] crouched there, looking at each other, but spoke very little. It was a fascinating stalemate between two very powerful guys. "
When Prince was back in Minneapolis , Minnesota, he sent arranger Clare Fischer a cassette labeled " Marx Brothers Project ". "It turned out to be the Parade album without instrumentation," said Brent Fischer, son of Clare Fischer, after Prince's death in 2016. Aside from Kiss , Clare Fischer added wind and string instruments to every Parade song . But Prince did not use every contribution by Fischer and only kept his revisions for individual songs on the album.
In July and August 1985, Prince continued work on the Parade album at a studio called Washington Avenue Warehouse in Eden Prairie , Minnesota. He recorded Girls & Boys on July 8, and a day later Love or Money , which was released in February 1986 as the b-side of the single Kiss . Susannah Melvoin , the twin sister of Wendy Melvoin, worked on both Girls & Boys and Love or Money . On July 14, 1985, Prince recorded the song Do U Lie? on, where Wendy Melvoin's brother Jonathan Melvoin (* 1961; † 1996) played drums; Wendy herself sang the backing vocals with Lisa Coleman. Prince then played the instrumental tracks Venus de Milo and Alexa de Paris , the latter of which was released in May 1986 as the B-side of the single Mountains .
On November 30, 1985, Prince recorded the Song Mountains in the Washington Avenue Warehouse . As the last song for Parade he played Anotherloverholmyohead on December 16, 1985 on Sunset Sound . Between the album recordings from April to December 1985, Prince worked in France to direct his film Under the Cherry Moon , which he directed.
All of the songs on the Parade album were produced, arranged, composed and performed by Prince and The Revolution , although the influence of Prince's accompanying band can be seen as minor. The members of The Revolution only participate in the Song Mountains - the contributions are, except for Miko Weaver's use on the rhythm guitar, but not defined in detail. The composers of the songs Christopher Tracy's Parade and Under the Cherry Moon are Prince and his father John L. Nelson (* 1916; † 2001), although Nelson’s contribution was also not precisely defined.
Shortly before the release of Parade in March 1986, Prince had not yet decided which songs should be placed on the album. He commissioned saxophonist Eric Leeds, among others, to put together a suitable tracklist. “First of all, I threw Kiss down. I thought the song was a zero number. I didn't care then and still is today. Prince didn't listen to me. That shows how much I know about pop music! ”Leeds said self-deprecatingly after Prince's death in 2016.
Design of the cover
On the front of the album cover is a black and white portrait photo of Prince, showing him with his hands raised, palms turned inward, and fingers splayed. His gaze is directed straight to the camera. Prince wears a top with four buttons that are attached in the middle and run vertically. On the photo on the back of the album cover - which is very similar to the one on the front - Prince can be seen with his eyes closed as he is about to take off the described top. A necklace with a cross appears . The album cover photographer was Jeff Katz.
The record cover of the LP was designed as a hinged cover; on the inside and on the inner sleeve of the album are collages - also in black and white - from various photographs of individual band members and film scenes from Under the Cherry Moon .
The CD booklet does not contain the collage of the LP inner sleeve; however, the photos from the front and back of the album cover can also be seen as a relief . The lyrics of the individual songs by Parade are not printed in either the CD booklet or the LP edition.
music
Musical style
On the album Parade , Prince mixes different styles of music together - as he did on previous albums. For example, the songs New Position and Girls & Boys come from the funk genre , Mountains has influences from psychedelic rock from the 1960s and the song Anotherloverhabenyohead is from the field of rock music . Kiss is a combination of influences from funk, R&B and pop . The song Venus de Milo is an instrumental piece that is dominated by Prince's piano solo. In Sometimes It Snows In April Prince uses the acoustic guitar as well as the piano - he does not use drums in the piece. The 67-member orchestra under the direction of Clare Fischer is used, for example, in the song Christopher Tracy's Parade . Jazz influences can also be heard on the album Parade .
singing
Prince sings the lyrics, both in his characteristic falsetto singing and in lower voices. The song Girls & Boys also contains a passage of spoken word . Furthermore, the French language can be heard at two points on the album Parade . Marie France, then mainly responsible for Prince's Tour wardrobe, gives a short French monologue in the song Girls & Boys . The French opening sentence to the song Do U Lie? says Sandra Francisco, however.
List of titles and publications
| No. | song | author | length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Christopher Tracy's Parade | Prince , John L. Nelson | 2:11 |
| 2 | New position | Prince | 2:20 |
| 3 | I Wonder U (lead vocals: Wendy Melvoin ) | Prince | 1:39 |
| 4th | Under the Cherry Moon | Prince, John L. Nelson | 2:57 |
| 5 | Girls & Boys | Prince | 5:29 |
| 6th | Life Can Be So Nice | Prince | 3:12 |
| 7th | Venus de Milo | Prince | 1:52 |
| 8th | Mountains | Prince | 3:57 |
| 9 | Do U Lie? | Prince | 2:43 |
| 10 | Kiss | Prince, David Z. Rivkin | 3:37 |
| 11 | Anotheroverhabenyohead | Prince | 3:59 |
| 12 | Sometimes It Snows in April | Prince | 6:48 |
Parade was released in the United States on March 31, 1986. The album is available on vinyl , compact cassette and compact disc .
Singles
Four singles were released from the album: Kiss was released on February 5, 1986 and the single version, at 3:46 minutes, is nine seconds longer than the album version. Since the album version merges seamlessly into the next song Anotherloverhabenyohead , the last few seconds of the song are not played. The B-side song Love or Money was previously unreleased.
Mountains was released on May 7, 1986. The B-side Alexa de Paris is an instrumental piece and was also previously unreleased. On July 2, 1986, the song Anotherloverhabenyohead was released as a single in the USA . The single version is shortened to 3:23 minutes, and the B-side of the European edition is the song I Wanna Be Your Lover from the album Prince from 1979. Girls & Boys served as the B-side in the USA .
On August 4, 1986 Girls & Boys was released as the fourth single, this version being shortened to 3:27 minutes and only released in Europe. The song Under the Cherry Moon can be found on the B-side .
Music videos
With Kiss , Mountains , Anotherloverhabenyohead and Girls & Boys, Prince released four music videos for songs from the Parade album . The shooting of the video Kiss lasted two days and took place in January 1986 in a studio in Culver City , California. Only Prince, Wendy Melvoin and the Dutch model Monique Mannen (* 1965) can be seen in the video . Prince sings and dances while Melvoin - sitting on a bar stool - plays the guitar. Men appear in black underwear with lace capes and black sunglasses. For her performance she received 2,500 US dollars (then the equivalent of 2,700 euros) and in 1990 she also appeared as a dancer in the Prince film Graffiti Bridge . The music video Kiss was directed by Rebecca Blake.
The Mountains and Girls & Boys music videos were both shot in Nice at Studio de la Victorine; Girls & Boys on November 22, 1985 and Mountains on April 9, 1986. During this time Prince was busy shooting his film Under the Cherry Moon in France. The Girls & Boys music video consists mainly of a scene from the film Under the Cherry Moon , in which Prince performs the song with The Revolution . The additionally added scenes were also created during the filming of Under the Cherry Moon . The music video was directed by Prince.
The music video for Anotherloverhabenyohead was recorded on June 7, 1986 - Prince's 28th birthday - as a live version of a concert with The Revolution in Detroit , Michigan at the Cobo Arena .
Cover versions
Some musicians recorded cover versions of songs from the Parade album , with Kiss being the most reinterpreted. For example, Sabrina Salerno (1987), Art of Noise featuring Tom Jones (1988), Bob Belden (1993), Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (1995), Rodney Carrington (1998), Santi Debriano (1999), Max Raabe feat. Palast Orchester (2001), The Ukulele Orchestra of Great Britain (2001), Texas Lightning (2002), Richard Thompson (2003), Siggi Schwarz (2004), Nicole Kidman with Hugh Jackman (2006), Nubya (2007), Uwe Schmidt under his pseudonym Señor Coconut (2008), Aurea (2011), Finn. (2011), Glee Cast featuring Gwyneth Paltrow (2011), David Helbock (2012), Maroon 5 (2012), Lisa Wahlandt (2013) and London Grammar (2017).
Girls & Boys was re-recorded by David Garza (1998), Marcus Miller (2005) and The Dynamics (2007). Under the Cherry Moon covered Simian (2001), Katie Melua (2007), Jacobien Vlasman (2008) and Chris Brokaw (2017). The song Sometimes It Snows in April interpreted Sanne Salomonsen with Chris Minh Doky (1998), Soulounge featuring Astrid North (2003), Erika Stucky (2005), the Orchester National de Jazz with Franck Tortiller (2007) Oz Noy (2007) and Meshell Ndegeocello (2018). The Belgian musician Bart Peeters also recorded a version in Flemish with Soms Sneeuwt Het in De Lente (2002) .
tour
| Typical setlist Parade tour from August 12, 1986 - September 9, 1986 |
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| All songs are authored by Prince , unless otherwise stated |
From March 3, 1986 to August 3, 1986 Prince gave ten concerts in the USA with the motto “Hit & Run”. Some of these concerts were only announced a few hours in advance and were all sold out.
The parade tour began in London on August 12, 1986 and ended in Yokohama on September 9, 1986 . The tour took place in Europe and Japan, comprised a total of 19 concerts and Prince performed for the first time in Germany and Japan. The 15 concerts in Europe were attended by around 120,000 people and the concert length varied from 100 to 120 minutes. There was no opening act on either the Hit & Run tour or the Parade tour. The Revolution then consisted of the following eleven members:
- Atlanta Bliss - Trumpet
- Bobby Z. - drums
- Brown Mark - electric bass
- Dr. Fink - keyboard
- Eric Leeds - saxophone , brass and woodwinds
- Greg Brooks - dancer and backing vocals
- Jerome Benton - dancer and backing vocals
- Lisa Coleman - keyboard and backing vocals
- Miko Weaver - guitar
- Wally Safford - dancer and background singer
- Wendy Melvoin - acoustic guitar and backing vocals
Prince played the songs I Wanna Be Your Lover , Miss You ( written by The Rolling Stones in 1978 ), Manic Monday , Little Red Corvette , Condition of the Heart , Paisley Park , The Ladder , Do U Lie? , Sometimes It Snows in April , Love or Money and It's Gonna Be a Beautiful Night from his then unreleased studio album Sign "☮" the Times , which was only released in March 1987.
The final concert of the parade tour took place on September 9, 1986 in Yokohama in the 30,000-seat Yokohama Stadium and was Prince's last appearance with his backing band The Revolution. On October 17, 1986, the then Prince's management announced the dissolution of The Revolution.
Aftershows
From 1986 onwards, Prince occasionally played an aftershow after the main concert, i.e. another concert after midnight. His aftershows took place in smaller music clubs in front of mostly 300 to 1,500 spectators and Prince did without the lavish stage shows, choreographies and light shows of his main concerts. In addition, he designed the song selection differently and often did without his top ten hits. Some of the aftershows' highlights were guest appearances by well-known musicians.
In 1986 Prince played an aftershow at 3 of the 15 concerts from the Parade European tour. The first time after show on August 13, 1986 in London at the Astoria looked Nile Rodgers and Ron Wood as a guest musician. At the second aftershow on August 14th in London, this time at the Kensington Roof Garden, Eric Clapton played guitar and at the last aftershow on August 24th 1986 in Paris on New Morning Prince's father John L. Nelson appeared as a guest.
reception
Press
The reviews of the album Parade were mostly positive. Davitt Sigerson of the American music magazine Rolling Stone asked: "What musician besides Prince still fills us with the excited expectation that we previously had for new works by Dylan , the Beatles or the Rolling Stones in view of a new record ?" The daily Detroit Free Press said “that Prince is one of the best as a melody writer, arranger and musician.” Isaac van Deelen of the taz wrote: “Two songs screw up the head cover: Under the Cherry Moon is beautiful and - how true - Sometimes It Snows in April . It can be said of all songs that they are looking, that they are trying music. Prince's genius is still enough to keep this attempt audible. Borders are touched, some obligations of rhythm and tonality are touched. [...] No new concept and not yet the tip of another wind. Parade is for the die-hard. Or: after the hundredth I liked olives. ”The music journalist Barry Graves said in the weekly newspaper Die Zeit about the album Parade that“ this fireworks display of déjà vu effects […] is light-years ahead of popular US hit parade pop " be. Michael Mönninger summed up in the FAZ : "Despite all the amorality, one thing cannot be said of him: that he is primitive ... For Prince, the ultimate superlative has yet to be invented."
The German weekly magazine Stern, on the other hand, wrote: "The new record is almost only rhythm , a wild collage of pure drum sound, which is now and then broken by saxophone blasts or hard piano inserts."
When Herbert Grönemeyer was asked by the music magazine Musikexpress in the 1980s which records he would take with him to an island as an emergency ration, he listed nine, including the Prince albums Parade and the 1987 double album Sign "☮" the Times .
After Prince's death in April 2016, the music journalists Albert Koch and Thomas Weiland from the German music magazine Musikexpress reviewed the album Parade and gave it the highest score of six possible stars. They wrote, among other things, that Parade anticipates “a lot of what Prince will orientate himself on in the next few years. Today the album still sounds as unusual, fresh and timeless as it did when it was released ”. Sassan Niasseri from the German edition of the US music magazine Rolling Stone also gave a verdict on Parade after Prince's death . He gave the highest number of points with five stars and said among other things that Parade was "one of the best albums of 1986". Prince opens with a “four-part suite consisting of Christopher Tracy's Parade , New Position , I Wonder U and Under the Cherrymoon [sic], all connected by the drums. Probably Prince's best nine minutes ”.
Charts
| Charts | Top ranking | Weeks |
|---|---|---|
| Chart placements | ||
 Germany (GfK)
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6th (28 weeks) | 28 |
 Austria (Ö3)
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7th (14 weeks) | 14th |
 Switzerland (IFPI)
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2 (17 weeks) | 17th |
 United Kingdom (OCC)
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4th (28 weeks) | 28 |
 United States (Billboard)
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3 (29 weeks) | 29 |
Parade has been awarded gold and platinum status several times internationally:
- US: 1 × platinum for 1,000,000 copies sold on June 3, 1986
- CH: 1 × gold for 25,000 copies sold in 1987
- UK: 1x platinum for 300,000 copies sold on March 1, 1992
- DE: 1 × gold for 250,000 copies sold in 1993
- AT: 1 × gold for 25,000 copies sold on November 10, 1994
- FR: 1 × platinum for 300,000 copies sold on October 18, 2001
| year | Title album |
Top ranking, total weeks, awardChart placementsChart placements (Year, title, album , rankings, weeks, awards, notes) |
Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
DE
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AT
|
CH
|
UK
|
US
|
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| 1986 | Kiss |
DE4 (17 weeks) DE |
AT8 (12 weeks) AT |
CH3 (11 weeks) CH |
UK6th  (10 weeks)UK |
US1 (2) (18 weeks)US |
• US: May 5, 1986: Gold (1,000,000+)
• UK: December 13, 2019: Gold (400,000+) |
| Mountains |
DE31 (8 weeks) DE |
- | - |
UK45 (6 weeks) UK |
US23 (11 weeks) US |
||
| Anotheroverhabenyohead | - | - | - |
UK36 (3 weeks) UK |
US63 (10 weeks) US |
||
| Girls & Boys |
DE27 (7 weeks) DE |
- | - |
UK11 (9 weeks) UK |
USnvUS |
• Only decoupled in Europe
|
|
| 2016 | Kiss |
DE29 (1 week) DE |
AT21 (1 week) AT |
CH11 (1 week) CH |
UK38 (1 week) UK |
US23 (2 weeks) US |
• Posthumous re-entry : April 29, 2016
|
| Sometimes It Snows in April | - |
AT69 (1 week) AT |
CH64 (1 week) CH |
- | - |
• Posthumous re-entry: May 1st, 2016
• No single release, placed as a download |
|
- In addition, Sometimes It Snows reached posthumously in April 2016 number 14 in France and 63 in the Netherlands
Awards (selection)
In 2010, the US music magazine Rolling Stone selected the 500 best songs of all time , among which they put the song Kiss at number 464. In addition, Prince was honored with the following awards in the parade era:
- 1987: Best performance by a duo or group with vocals - R&B (Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal): Kiss by Prince and The Revolution
Minnesota Music Awards
- 1986: Best Film Score: Parade
literature
- Mobeen Azhar: Prince 1958–2016: His life in pictures and text. Edition Olms, Oetwil am See / Zurich 2016, ISBN 978-3-283-01265-6 , OCLC 951825985 .
- Jon Ewing: Prince - CD Books : Carlton Books, Rastatt 1994, ISBN 3-8118-3986-1 , OCLC 75552811 .
- Ben Greenman: Dig If You Will the Picture - Funk, Sex and God in the Music of Prince. Faber & Faber Ltd, London 2017, ISBN 978-0-571-33326-4 , OCLC 985601816 .
- Alex Hahn: Obsessed - Prince's turbulent life . Hannibal Verlag, Höfen 2016, ISBN 978-3-85445-610-0
- Dave Hill: Prince - A Pop Life. Droemer Knaur, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-426-04036-0 , OCLC 75121330 .
- Liz Jones: Slave to the Rhythm - The Artist Formerly Known As Prince. Warner Books, Little Brown and Company 1997, ISBN 0-7515-2393-3 , OCLC 41314165 .
- Roland Mischke: From Nobody to Pop Prince. Gustav Lübbe Verlag, Bergisch Gladbach 1989, ISBN 3-404-61157-8 , OCLC 24826787 .
- Per Nilsen: DanceMusicSexRomance - Prince: The First Decade. Firefly Publishing, London 1999, ISBN 0-946719-23-3 , OCLC 40610683 .
- Uptown: The Vault - The Definitive Guide to the Musical World of Prince. Nilsen Publishing, Linköping 2004, ISBN 91-631-5482-X , OCLC 186521364 .
Web links
- Princevault , information on the Parade album
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), p. 280.
- ↑ Booklet of the CD Parade by Prince and The Revolution, Warner Bros. Records / Paisley Park, 1986
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), pp. 176-177.
- ↑ Greenman (2017), p. 254.
- ^ All My Dreams. In: Princevault.com. November 4, 2017, accessed November 10, 2017 .
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), p. 179.
- ↑ Azhar (2016), p. 38
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), pp. 176-186.
- ↑ Azhar (2016), p. 41
- ↑ a b Mischke (1989), p. 145.
- ^ Hill (1989), pp. 250-252.
- ↑ a b c Hahn (2016), p. 156
- ↑ Ewing (1994), p. 63.
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), p. 181.
- ↑ Parade. In: Princevault.com. November 24, 2017, accessed March 26, 2018 .
- ^ Uptown (2004), p. 66.
- ↑ Uptown (2004), p. 69.
- ↑ Uptown (2004), p. 70.
- ↑ The Girl in the Video: “Kiss” (1986). In: Noblemania.com. July 21, 2014, accessed April 9, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d Uptown (2004), p. 623.
- ^ Hill (1989), p. 253.
- ^ Hill (1989), pp. 252-253.
- ↑ Discover the original. In: Coverinfo.de. Retrieved on March 31, 2017 ( Enter Prince in "Search" ).
- ↑ Prince on WhoSampled
- ↑ SecondHandSongs - a cover songs database. In: Secondhandsongs.com. 2017, accessed on March 31, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Uptown (2004), p. 72.
- ↑ a b Uptown (2004), p. 67.
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), p. 203.
- ↑ Uptown (2004), pp. 73-75.
- ↑ Nilsen (1999), p. 204.
- ^ One-Off Performance August 13, 1986 (am). In: Princevault.com. December 21, 2016, accessed April 18, 2018 .
- ^ One-Off Performance, August 14, 1986 (am). In: Princevault.com. December 21, 2016, accessed April 18, 2018 .
- ^ One-Off Performance, August 24, 1986. In: Princevault.com. March 5, 2016, accessed April 18, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Mischke (1989), p. 146.
- ↑ Mischke (1989), pp. 145-146.
- ↑ Mischke (1989), p. 144.
- ^ ME editors: From the big Prince special - an overview of all albums. In: Musikexpress.de. May 22, 2016, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ^ Sassan Niasseri: Prince and The Revolution - Parade. In: Rollingstone.de. April 25, 2016, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ↑ Prince. officialcharts.de, accessed on February 16, 2019 .
- ↑ Prince. austriancharts.at, accessed on February 16, 2019 .
- ↑ Prince. hitparade.ch, accessed on February 16, 2019 .
- ↑ Prince. officialcharts.com, accessed February 16, 2019 .
- ^ Prince - Chart History. billboard.com, accessed February 16, 2019 .
- ↑ Uptown (2004), p. 68.
- ↑ Gold for parade in Switzerland (PDF file, p.43)
- ↑ a b BPI - Certified Awards Search. In: bpi.co. 2017, accessed on March 31, 2017 .
- ↑ Music Industry - Gold & Platinum. In: Federal Association of the Music Industry. 2017, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ↑ IFPI - Gold & Platinum. In: ifpi.at. 2017, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ^ Les Certifications depuis 1973. In: Infodisc.fr. March 31, 2017, accessed March 31, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Chart sources: DE AT CH UK US
- ↑ Gold & Platinum. In: riaa.com. 2016, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ^ Prince & The Revolution - Sometimes It Snows in April. In: hitparade.ch. 2019, accessed February 21, 2019 .
- ↑ Rolling Stone: 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In: Rollingstone.com. April 7, 2011, accessed March 31, 2017 .
- ^ Jones (1997), p. 236.
- ^ Awards and nominations. In: Princevault.com. August 1, 2016, accessed March 31, 2017 .