List of Latin Phrases / P

Pabulum

Pabulum Acherontis: "Food for the Acheron " - variant of " Acherontis pabulum "

Pace

Pace ... Pace tua: Pace ... : "With peaceful intentions towards ..." - To announce that you want to argue against the named person in the matter, but not against his person.; Derived from this: Pace tua - "With your permission".

Pace facta: "After the peace agreement"

Pacem

Pacem te poscimus omnes.: “We all ask you for peace.” - A half verse from the Aeneid of Virgil . It reads completely (11,362):; "Nulla salus bello, pacem te poscimus omnes"; “Only disaster comes from war, we all ask you for peace”.

Pacem volo, bellum paro.: "I want peace, so I am preparing for war."

Si vis pacem para bellum: "If you want peace, prepare for war."; The brand name Parabellum , derived from this proverb, was used for various handguns .

Pacta

Pacta sunt servanda: "Contracts are to be adhered to."

Paete

Arria and Paetus, sculpture in the Louvre

Paete, non dolet.: "Paetus, it doesn't hurt." - Arria the elder , wife of the Roman politician Aulus Caecina Paetus , is said to have used these words to hand her husband the dagger she had stuck in her chest to commit suicide ( Pliny the younger , Epistulae 3,16,6).

Pallas

Tuta sub aegide Pallas.: “Pallas is protected behind her Aigis shield.” - Based on Ovid , Metamorphoses 5,46, where the warlike Pallas Athene protects her brother Perseus .; Signet of the Dutch publisher Brill , Leiden , with the allegory of Pallas Athene as patroness of science and art and Hermes as patron of trade.

Pallida

Pallida mors aequo pulsat pede pauperum tabernas regumque turres.: “Pale death knocks with the same foot on the huts of the poor and the palaces of the rich.” - Horace , carmina 1,4,13f.; Approximately corresponds to the German proverb "Poor or rich, death makes everyone equal."

Palma / Palmam

Palma sub pondere crescit: Coat of arms of the Principality of Waldeck

Palma sub special crescit.: "The palm grows under the load."; The dictum goes back to Gellius , who writes in the Noctes Atticae (3,6) with reference to Aristotle ( Problemata B. 7) and Plutarch ( Symposiaca B. 8): “If you put large weights on the wood of the palm tree and put it so heavily weighted that it cannot withstand the great load, then the palm does not give way downwards and is not bent, but stands up again against the load and straightens upwards without being bent. "; The saying is proven several times as a coat of arms motto, e.g. B. for the Principality of Waldeck- Pyrmont.

Palmam, qui meruit, ferat.: “Whoever deserves the victory palm will receive it!” - Inscription on Lord Horatio Nelson's grave and the motto of the University of Southern California

Pane

Pane egeo iam mellitis potiore placentis.: "I now prefer bread to honey-sweet cakes." - Horace , epistulae 1,10,11.

Panem

Panem et circenses: "Bread and circus games" - The expression comes from the Roman poet Juvenal , who criticizes the Roman people in a satire who have lost power to the emperor and only want these two things: "Bread and games" .

Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie.: "Give us today our daily bread." - Request from the Our Father , also known as "Panem nostrum supersubstantialem da nobis hodie" ( Gospel according to Matthew 6:11).

Panis

Panis sine fermento: "Unleavened Bread" - Unleavened bread is baked before sourdough fermentation begins. Matzos are the kosher , flat, unleavened bread cakes in Jewish cuisine that are eaten during Passover week to commemorate the liberation from Egypt.

Pange

Pange lingua: “Besinge, tongue” - opening words of a hymn by Venantius Fortunatus . It is sung mainly to celebrate the feast of Corpus Christi and on Maundy Thursday . The first stanza in Latin and in a post-poetry reads like this:

Thomas Aquinas , 1263/64:
    Pange, lingua, gloriosi
    Corporis mysterium,
    Sanguinisque pretiosi,
    quem in mundi pretium
    fructus ventris generosi
    Rex effudit Gentium.

Heinrich Bone , 1847:
    Praise, tongue, the mystery of
    this body full of glory
    and the priceless blood that
    , consecrated for the salvation of the world
    , shed Jesus Christ,
    Lord of the Nations of all time.

Par / Pari

Par et impar: "Equal and unequal"

Par nobile fratrum: “A noble pair of brothers” - Horace , Sermones 2,3,243.; Horace ironically calls the sons of Quintus Arrius, because of their common uselessness, silliness and evil desires, almost a pair of twins ("nequitia et nugis pravorum et amore gemellum").

Par par resp. / Referre: "Reward like with like"; However, Cicero uses the singular par pari resp. In the sense of paying in cash .

Pari passu: “In the same step” - in joint, simultaneous movement

Parce

Parce mihi Domine, quia Dalmata sum.: "Have mercy on me, God, because I am a Dalmatian ." - Church Father Hieronymus

Peter Paul Rubens : "The Fall of Phaethon"

Parce, pater, virgis, nolo componere versus.: "Take care of the rods, father, I don't want to compose any more verses!" - Ironically, this in verse form as a hexameter . Also handed down in the version “Parce, pater, virgis: iam numquam carmina dicam!”.; See the following Ovid quote Parce, puer ...

Parce, puer, stimulis et fortius utere loris.: “Be cautious with the spike, boy, and use the reins more!” - Ovid , Metamorphoses 2,127.; This metamorphosis tells how the sun god Phoebus warns his son Phaeton not to let the horses that pull the sun chariot run too fast. But Phaethon does not stick to it, the four-team races off and gets out of control. Phaethon leaves the daily route between heaven and earth and causes a catastrophe.

Parcere

Parcere subiectis et debellare superbos: “ To knock down the submissive and haughty ” - The self- image of Augustan Rome, poetically placed in the mouth of Anchises as a prophecy to his son Aeneas ( Virgil , Aeneid 6,853).

Pares

Pares cum paribus facillime congregantur.: "Equal and equal are very easy to join."

pariah

Paria paribus: "Like with like" - see also " Par pari respondere "

Pars

Pars pro toto: “One part for the whole” - rhetorical trope . In “per head” the head stands for the whole person.

Parturient

Parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.: " The mountains will circle , a ridiculous mouse will be born." - Suitor: "The mountains circle, a ridiculous mouse will be born." ( Horace , Ars Poetica 139); Something that has been prepared with great effort or announced in a grand manner has little effect or is completely unspectacular.; In German it is often shortened or varied, for example as “the kreißende Berg gives birth to a mouse” or only the first part is mentioned in the trust that the second part will be mentally supplemented (“Die Berge kreißten…”).; Has its origin in a fable by Aesop , see for more details Ὤδινεν ὄρος καὶ ἔτεκε μῦν .

Parva

Parva sub ingenti: “The little one among the giant” - the coat of arms of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island , the smallest province in Canada both in terms of area and population.

Perfume

Parvum addas parvo, magnus acervus erit.: "Small add to small and it will be a big bunch."

Passibus

Passibus ut tacitis haec transit mobilis umbra, sic transit quidquid maximus orbis habet: "Just as the moving shadow goes through this with silent steps, so it goes through everything that the giant globe encompasses"

Father / Fathers

Father familias: "Head of the family" - According to Roman law, the "highest ranking", usually the oldest man in the household.

Father historiae: "Father of historiography" - title of the Greek historian Herodotus

"Pater noster", naively illustrated wall decoration (before 1900)

Father noster: "Our Father" - The most famous prayer in Christianity. The beginning reads: “Pater noster, qui es in caelis”: “Our father, who are in heaven”.

Father patriae: “Father of the Fatherland” - first honorary title awarded by the Senate to the consul Marcus Tullius Cicero for his part in the suppression of the Catiline conspiracy .

Father, peccavi.: "Father, I have sinned." From the speech of the prodigal son when he returned to his father's house. The whole sentence (15:21) reads: “Pater, peccavi in caelum et coram te”: “Father, I have sinned, against heaven and before you”.

Father semper incertus est.: “The father is always uncertain.” - Legal proverb in contrast to “ Mater semper certa est ” - “The mother is always safe”. In order to prevent such legal uncertainty, it is said: “pater est, quem nuptiae demonstrant” - “father is whoever the marriage marks”.

Father Conscripti: "Fathers (and) aldermen" - salutation to the assembled senators. The patres were the members of the old patrician families, after major exterminations in the class struggles, the senate was opened to wider circles, the conscripti .

Patet

Patet omnibus (veritas): "(The truth) is accessible to all"

Patior

Patior, ut potiar: "I suffer to rule."

Patria / Patriae

Patria est, ubicumque est bene.: The fatherland is wherever one is doing well. - Cicero , Tusculanae disputationes 5,108, where the dictum is quoted from the tragedy “Teucros” by Pacuvius . Has its origin in the work "The Wealth" of the Greek poet Aristophanes and goes back to the Greek form Τῷ γὰρ καλῶς πράσσοντι πᾶσα γῆ πατρίς .; Abbreviated: " Ubi bene, ibi patria ".

Patriae inserviendo consumor.: “I wear myself out in the service of my fatherland.” - a motto that can be traced back to the baroque era. Also used by Otto von Bismarck as a personal motto in letters.; Variant of " Aliis inserviendo consumor ." - "In the service of others I consume."

Patriae fumus igne alieno luculentior.: "The smoke of the fatherland is brighter than foreign fire." - Middle Latin proverb, e.g. B. in Erasmus , Adagia 1,2,16 (frequent variant with igni instead of igne ).

patrimony

Patrimonium pauperum: "The wealth of the poor" - in the Middle Ages the term for church wealth

Paupertas

Paupertas meretrix est.: “Poverty is a whore.” - A comparable assertion is made in the sentence: “First there is food, then comes morality.”; The phrase was quoted as a saying by the humanists . The Consistorial Secretary Andreas Joseph Nunn also took him on and added a distichon to him : “Poverty is a prostitute, but luxury is a matchmaker. If the latter seduces the bad, the latter pulls the good in the dirt. "

Pax

Pax Americana: “American Peace” - euphemism for the USA and its sphere of influence; see. Pax Romana .

Pax arabica: “Arab Peace” - peacemaking based on the Arab pattern, if necessary with the use of military power, to secure the supremacy of Arab values desired by its advocates. Presumably derived from Pax Americana .

Pax Augusta: “Augustan Peace” - The long-lasting time of inner peace that began with the rule of the Roman Emperor Augustus .

Pax Augustana: "Augsburg Peace" - The Augsburg Imperial and Religious Peace was concluded in 1555 at the Imperial Diet in Augsburg between Ferdinand I , who represented his brother Emperor Charles V , and the imperial estates . As an imperial law for the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation , it guaranteed the supporters of the Confessio Augustana peace and their possessions.

Pax Britannica: "British Peace" - euphemism for the British Empire , analogous to the Pax Romana

Pax Cererem nutrit, pacis alumna Ceres.: "Peace makes agriculture flourish, agriculture is a pupil of peace." - Ovid , Fasti 1,704.

Pax Dei: “Divine Peace” - God's peace movement that emerged in France in the 10th century. The church felt threatened by the private wars of the nobility and their attacks on church property and tried to gain influence on political life by participating in the maintenance of peace.

Peace and salvation

Pax Domini (sit semper vobiscum): "The peace of the Lord (be with you at all times)" - the priest's peace greeting after the "pater noster" according to the ordinance of the Roman Catholic Church

Pax et bonum: "Peace and Salvation" - a greeting in the Franciscan Order that goes back to the time of the Order's founder, Francis of Assisi

Coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Pax et iustitia: "Peace and Justice" - the coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Pax hominibus bonae voluntatis: “Peace to the people of good will” - quote from the Christmas story, part of the Gloria

Pax Mongolica: "Mongolian Peace" - An expression coined by Western authors to describe the relatively stable social, cultural and economic conditions in the interior of the Mongolian Empire . Legend has it that a virgin with a pot of gold could cross the territory unaccompanied, without fear of harassment. Derived from Pax Augusta .

Pax optima rerum .

Pax Romana: "Roman Peace" - Rome's imposed rule over the peoples of the Roman Empire . Pacified area of the Roman Empire. Identical to Pax Augusta .

Pax Sinica: "Chinese Peace" - euphemism for the peace phases in East Asia under a strong Chinese Empire , derived from Pax Romana .

Pax tecum.: "Peace be with you."

Pax vobiscum.: “Peace be with you.” - From the liturgy of the Western Church. The community replies with “Et cum spiritu tuo” - “And with your spirit”.

Pecca

Pecca fortiter, sed fortius fide.: “Sin vigorously, but believe more vigorously!” - Martin Luther in a letter to Philipp Melanchthon from August 1521:; "Esto peccator et pecca fortiter, sed fortius fide et gaude in Christ, qui victor est peccati, mortis et mundi!"; "Be a sinner and sin vigorously, but believe even more and rejoice in Christ, who is the victor over sin, death and the world!"

Peccavi

Punch of May 18, 1844. The "Foreign Affairs" section at the bottom right is the quoted text.

Peccavi: "I have sinned."; Major General Charles James Napier is said to have telegraphed the conquest of Sindh to London in 1843 with the one word "Peccavi" . The newly founded magazine Punch published the following text on May 18, 1844:

“It is a common idea that the most laconic military despatch ever issued was that sent by Caesar to the Horse-Guards at Rome, containing the three memorable words 'Veni, Vidi, Vici' and, perhaps, until our own day, no like instance of brevity has been found. The despatch of Sir CHARLES NAPIER, after the capture of Scinde, to Lord Ellenborough, both for brevity and thruth, is, however, far beyond it. the despatch consisted of one emphatic word - 'I have Scinde' ( sinned ). "

“It is a common thought that the most laconic military dispatch ever abandoned was that sent by Caesar to the Horseguards in Rome, containing the three memorable words ' Veni, Vidi, Vici ' , and perhaps no such example has emerged by our day Found soon. Sir Charles Napier's despatch to Lord Ellenborough after the conquest of Sindh goes far beyond this in brevity and honesty. The despatch consisted of the emphatic word 'Peccavi' , ' I have Sindh' ( sinned ). "

The Encyclopedia of Britain by Bamber Gascoigne (1993) evidenced that the pun , in truth, Catherine Winkworth .

The pun referred not only to the conquest of Sindh, but also to Napier's orders not to conquer Sindh.

Pecunia / Pecuniae

Pecunia est nervus belli.

Pecunia non olet .: “Money doesn't stink.” - The quote goes back to the Roman emperor Titus Flavius Vespasianus and his idea to levy a tax on the use of the public lavatories. The historian Suetonius reported this in his work "Vespasian".

Pecunia, si uti scias, ancilla est, si nescias, domina.: “The money, if you know how to use it, is a maid, if not, a mistress.” - Quote from the works of the poet Publilius Syrus

Pecuniae imperare oportet, non servire.: You have to command money, not serve. - Pseudo-Seneca

Peius

Peius: "Worse / the worse" - Today the term v. a. Used in legal language as a demarcation for a performance or a condition worse than the normalized condition.

Pending / pending

Pendent opera interrupta: "The interrupted works hang in the balance" - "The work on the works is suspended"; from Virgil's Aeneid , (Book 4.)

Pendente lite: "In pending proceedings"

By

"Per aspera ad astra"

Per annum: "Per year" - "Calculated over the year". Term from finance.; Per anno is often mistaken for Latin, but like many other banking and monetary expressions, it is correct Italian.; See also Pro anno .

Per aspera ad astra: “Through hardship (one arrives) to the stars” - From Seneca , Hercules furens . A variant is Ad astra per aspera .

Per ardua ad astra: “Through difficult things to the stars” - variation of Per aspera ad astra .

Per ardua surgo: Coat of arms of the Brazilian state of Bahia

Per ardua surgo.: “Through effort I rise.” - Motto of the Brazilian state of Bahia

Per capsulam: "Through a container" - by letter

Per caput or per capita: “Per head” - the head stands here as pars pro toto for the whole person.

Per curiam: “By the court” - On behalf of the court.

By definition: "By Definition" - Explained Measures; according to a definition (explicitly, not necessarily mentioned in the context).

Fictional portrait of Heloisa

Per faciem non erat infima, per abundantium litterarum erat suprema.: "In appearance she was not the worst, in terms of the abundance of her knowledge she was the best." - The philosopher Peter Abelard about his lover Heloisa .

Per fas: “In accordance with the law” - on the legal path . The opposite is “per nefas” - “wrongly”. “Per fas et nefas” is accordingly “through right and wrong”, that is, by all means.; Or: "With fate or against fate", that means sticking together through / against all adversities.

Per inconcessum: “Without wanting to admit this” - purely hypothetically assumed. Identifies an assumption or possibility as being merely hypothetical, especially in ancient legal language and still today in the legal language of other languages, without the author wanting to be denied that they actually apply. Also widespread in the variant “ad inconcessum” and in the increased form “(per) maxime inconcessum” (“without even remotely admitting this”).

Per maiora: "By (votes) majority" - by majority vote, with majority resolution

Imperial Crown

Per me lively raining.: “The kings rule through me.” - Red inscription on the fourth, the Christ plate, the imperial crown , which shows the risen Christ enthroned above the world, framed by two archangels; Reference to the divine right .

Per mensem: "Per month"
Per os (po): "By mouth" - On medical prescriptions: "Orally". Counterpart to per rectum .

Per pedes Apostolorum: “On the feet of the apostles” - also shortened to “per pedes”. Go on foot instead of in a vehicle.

Per procurationem (pp): "On behalf"

Per rectum: "Through the intestine" - On medical prescriptions: " rectal ". Counterpart to per os .

Per se: “By yourself” - As such; d. H. intrinsically , without restrictions, without reference to anything else, etc.

Per stirpes: "To the tribes (distributed)" - "Per family branch"; used in a will to stipulate that inheritance should be evenly distributed among the tribes of a family. The opposite is “ per capita ” - “on the heads”, “per head”.

Pereundi

Pereundi scire tempus assidue est mori.: “Knowing the hour of death means dying all the time.” - Publilius Syrus, Sententiae P 33.

Pereunt

Exeter Cathedral Sundial

Pereunt et imputantur.: "They perish and are credited to us." - Abbreviated from the epigram 5.20 of the poet Martial :; "Bonosque soles effugere atque abire sentit, qui nobis pereunt et imputantur."

Perfer

Perfer et obdura: “Endure and endure.” - According to Catullus , Carmen 8, 11f .: “Sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura. Vale, puella, iam Catullus obdurat, ... “. - “Hold on, hold out stubbornly, be steadfast! - Well, girl, goodbye! Catullus is steadfast ... "; Ovid uses this phrase in Amores , III, 11, 7: "Perfer et obdura, dolor hic tibi proderit olim". - “Endure and endure, this pain will one day benefit you.”; as well as in the Tristia , V, 11, 7: "Perfer et obdura, multo graviora tulisti". - "Endure and endure: you have endured much heavier things."; The original can be found in Homer's Odyssey , 20, 18. “ Τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη · καὶ κύντερον ἄλλο ποτ 'ἔτλης. “-“ Hold on, heart; did you once endure much more miserable things. "

Perge

Perge perge (pp.): "Always keep going" - and so on (etc.)

Periculum

Periculum est emptoris.: “The risk lies with the buyer.” - The risk of loss of the purchased item is transferred to the buyer upon conclusion of the purchase contract (Roman legal principle).; See also Caveat emptor .

Periculum in mora: “Imminent danger” - when hesitation seems fatal.

Perpetuo

Perpetuo risu pulmonem agitare solebat Democritus.: “With constant laughter, Democritus shook his lungs.” - Juvenal in Satire 10.33 f. about the philosopher Democritus , who had to laugh at the sight of the imaginary people when he left the house.

Perpetual motion

a perpetual motion machine around 1230

perpetual motion machine: “Constantly moving” - something that is in uninterrupted movement without the use of energy.

persona

Persona est naturae rationalis individua substantia.

persona non grata: "Unwanted person" - A term used in diplomatic dealings for an undesirable person in the diplomatic service of another country.

Persona gratissima: "Most welcome person"

Persona ingrata: "Disgraced Person"

Pessima / pessimum

Pessima res publica, plurimae leges.: "The worse the state, the more laws."

Pessimum genus inimicorum laudantes.: "The worst kind of enemies are the eulogists."

Pestis

Portrait of Luther with the quote "Pestis eram ..." and the continuation: "Go now and place Christ above yourself"; including the year of his death

Pestis eram vivus, moriens ero mors tua, Papa.: "Living I was a plague for you, dying I will be your death, Pope". - Martin Luther named this verse in Schmalkalden in 1537 and more often polemically as a funeral saying for himself; after his death he was frequently quoted and portraits of him were added.

Petitio

Petitio principii: "Requirement of evidence" - "circular reasoning"; a logical fallacy . What is to be proven must not be included in the evidence.

Philippis

Brutus and the spirit of Caesar

Philippis iterum me videbis.: “In Philippi you will see me again.” - Sentence originally handed down in Greek: Ὄψει δέ με περὶ Φιλίππους. (" You will see me again at Philippi. "); According to the story of the Greek writer Plutarch ( Life of Caesar , 69, 11), Caesar appeared as a ghost to his murderer Brutus and prophesied his defeat at Philippi:; “ Tuus sum”, inquit, “Brute, malus genius; in Philippis me videbis. "; Usually only the second part is reproduced:; " (Cras) Philippis (iterum) me videbis. "

Philosophia

Philosophia ancilla theologiae.

Philosophia perennis: "Perpetual Philosophy" - term for the core of occidental philosophy

Philosophia great: "First Philosophy" - name for the metaphysics of Aristotle

Pia / Piae

Pia desideria: (Futile) "pious wishes"

Pia fraus: “Devout Deception” - From Ovid ; often used for "deceit for the good of the church".

Piae memoriae: "Pious memory" - attached to the naming of the deceased

Pirata

Pirata communis hostis omnium: “A pirate is the common enemy of all.” - According to Cicero , de officiis 3,29. Cicero goes on to conclude: With him there must be no relationship of trust and no oath.

Piscem / Pisces

Piscem natare doces.: “You teach a fish to swim.” - a phrase based on the Greek Ἰχθὺν νηχέσθαι διδάσκεις. going back. It's the epitome of something completely unnecessary. There is also the version of the humanist Erasmus von Rotterdam “Delphinum natare doces” - “You teach a dolphin to swim” .

Pisces natare oportet.: “Fish have to swim.” - Quote from the works of the Roman poet Petronius , which is used in connection with drinking wine after enjoying fish.

Pittacus

Pittacus atque Bias, Periander cum Clebulo, Spartanus Chilo cumque Solone Thales: " Pittakos and Bias , Periander with Cleobulus , the Spartan Chilon and with Solon Thales " - memory verses to memorize the Seven Wise Men , a group of up to 22 legendary Greek personalities in ancient Greece in the 7th and 6th centuries BC. Chr.

Placebo / placet

Bottles with placebo content

Placebo .: "I will like (you)." - Medical preparation that does not contain any pharmaceutical active substance and therefore cannot develop any pharmacological effects triggered by such a substance.; The counterpart is the nocebo effect ("Nocebo" - "I'll harm"). These are negative effects.

Placet.: "I like it" - Germanized as Plazet . Someone shows their consent with a plazet .; The use goes back to Roman antiquity; the word “placet” was used to express consent to a submitted application, e.g. B. in the Roman Senate.

Chat

Plaudite cives, plaudite amici, finita est comoedia.: “Applaud citizens, applaud friends, the comedy is over!” - According to Suetonius, the last words of Emperor Augustus . Actually, it was the invitation to the audience at the end of a theater or circus performance.

Pleno

Pleno iure: "With every right"

Pleno titulo: "With full title"

Plenary

Plenus venter non study libenter.: "A full stomach doesn't like studying." - Student saying with the lesser-known variant:; “Plenus si venter, renuit studere libenter” - “When the stomach is full, it refuses willing study”.

Plenus venter facile de ieiuniis disputat.: “A full belly easily disputes fasting.” - Hieronymus , Epistulae 58,2

Pluralis

Pluralis auctoris: “Majority of authors” - The author means himself, but wants to express his agreement with the reader by using we instead of me .

Pluralis maiestatis: "Majestic plural" - Also pluralis maiestaticus , according to which the ruler says "we" instead of "I". The reason for the choice of the majority is that monarchs or other authorities always speak for their subordinates and at the same time emphasize their own person.

Pluralis modestatis or Pluralis modestiae: “Modesty majority” / “majority of modesty” - to be partly equated with the pluralis auctoris . The majority is chosen to avoid a permanent "I" and to express humility.

Plures

Plures adorant solem orientem quam occidentem.: “The rising sun has more admirers than the setting sun.” - The dictum is the Latin translation of the Greek original: Plutarch , Pompeius 14. There, with these words Pompey alludes to Cinna on his own rise and on Sulla's falling star.

Plurimum

Plurimum valet gallus in aedibus suis.: "The rooster can do the most on his farm."

plus

Plus docet quam scit.: “He teaches more than he knows.” - Quote from Titus Petronius , Satyricon 46.

Plus dolet, quam necesse est, qui ante dolet, quam necesse est.: “Whoever suffers before it is necessary suffers more than is necessary.” - Quotation from Seneca , Epistulae morales , 98, 8.

Plus exempla quam peccata nocent.: "Examples do more harm than sins." - Quotation from Cicero , de legibus 3, 32: "plusque exemplo quam peccato nocent": ... and they (leading people in the state) do more harm through their bad example than through actual misconduct.

Plus ratio quam vis caeca valere solet.

Coat of arms of Spain

Plus ultra: “Even further!” - Charles V's motto and Spanish coat of arms . The motto refers to the pillars of Heracles on the Strait of Gibraltar . From time immemorial, the pillars of Heracles were considered to be the limit of the habitable world, this was a non plus ultra (here it went no further). When the Spanish kings began to build their world empire with the possessions in America in the course of the 16th century, they, in their opinion, successfully violated the admonition of “no more” and modified the saying in Plus Ultra (“Beyond”, “ Always on ").

Plus vident oculi quam oculus.: "Eyes see more than one eye."

Poeta / Poetae

Poeta doctus: "Learned poet"

Poeta laureatus: "Laurel wreathed poet"

Poeta nascitur, non fit.: "As a poet you are born, not made."

Poetae nascuntur, oratores fiunt.: “Poets are born, speakers are made.” - Put a little more freely: as a poet you are born, you become a speaker.

Poetica

Poetica licentia: "Poetic freedom" or "with poetic freedom"

Pollice

Pollice Verso by Jean-Léon Gérôme

Pollice verso: "With thumbs pointing downwards" - The Roman poet Iuvenal commented on the gladiatorial fights with the following words:; "Munera nunc edunt et, verso pollice vulgus cum iubet, occidunt populariter." (Satire 3.36 f).; "Now they give gladiator fights, and when the mob demands it with the thumbs turned, they kill democratically."

Pollices

Pollices premere

“Cross your fingers” - Pliny the Elder , Naturalis historia 28.2.

Variants:

"Pollicem premere" - "cross your fingers"
"Pollicem convertere" - "turn the thumb" ( Juvenal , Satura 3.36)
"Utroque pollice laudare" "wish success with both (pressed) thumbs" (after Horace , Epistulae 1,18,66)

Polonia

Polonia Restituta: "The rebirth of Poland "

Pons

Pons asini: " Eselsbrücke " - mnemonics for memorizing facts. There is also the plural variant pons asinorum .

Pontiff

Pontifex Maximus: “The supreme bridge builder” - Roman cult office and then traditional epithet for the Pope .

Posse

Posse comitatus: "Power Over the County" - US law of 1878 prohibiting the use of the army inside.

post Office

Post cenam stabis, aut mille passus meabis.: "After dinner you should stand or walk a thousand steps."

Post Christum natum: " After the birth of Christ "

Post cibum (pc): "After meals"

Post festum: “After the party” - Too late, afterwards. The expression comes from later Latin translations of Plato's dialogue " Gorgias ", in which it is described at the beginning how Socrates is on his way to a festival where the famous speaker Gorgias von Leontinoi is also appearing. Socrates does not arrive until Gorgias has already made a few speeches and asks whether he and his companion have come too late, "after the feast".

Post hoc ergo propter hoc: “After that, therefore,” - a logical fallacy

Post hoc non propter hoc: "After that, (but) not because of that" - warning of a logical fallacy

Post meridiem (pm): “After Noon” - The time between 12:00 PM and 11:59 PM (between noon and midnight); Among other things, it is used in the English-speaking world as pm or p. m. afterwards (example: 7:00 p.m. one writes: 7:00 p.m.). The opposite is ante meridiem .

post mortem: "After death" - The term is used in medicine or criminology . When something happens to the dead body after death.

Post nubila Phoebus.: "After the clouds (comes) Phoebus." - Phoebus is an epithet of the god Apollo , who is also equated with the sun god Helios. The proverb means something like our "Rain follows sunshine."; "Post nubila Phoebus" is also the title of a poem by Simon Dach with the lines "After the clouds and the rain / Kömpt die golden sun herfür."

Post partum: “After the birth” / “after the confinement” - medical term, seen from the woman's point of view. Used z. For example, in the phrase “post partum complications”: complications that occur in women - in connection with pregnancy and childbirth - after childbirth (e.g. if the placenta does not come off properly or heavy bleeding occurs).

Post scriptum (ps): "Subsequent written" - letter addition after the signature. While the actual text is signed in correspondence, this is not done with the postscript.

Post tenebras lux: "After darkness, light" - the motto of the Swiss canton of Geneva

Post urbem conditam: "After the city was founded" - After the city of Rome was founded, d. H. 753 BC Synonymous with ab urbe condita .

Potuit

Potuit, decuit, ergo fecit.

Potus

Potus non frangit ieiunium.: “Drinking doesn't break the fast.” - Monastery rule , valued as a reason for enjoying wine and beer during Lent .; Variants: liquida non frangunt ieiunum or liquidum non frangit ieiunium

Praecepta

Praecepta ecclesiae

Preceptor

Philipp Melanchthon, Praeceptor Germaniae

Praeceptor Germaniae: “Teachers in Germany” - honorary title of Philipp Melanchthon , who wrote important textbooks on subjects such as rhetoric, ethics, physics, history and geography, which were prescribed as subject matter in many schools of the 16th century. He also believed that one could not do theology without mastering the three ancient languages (Hebrew, Greek and Latin).

Praedicare

The Capitoline wolf suckles the boys Romulus and Remus .

Praedicare de Remo et Romulo: " Telling about Remus and Romulus " - in the sense: announcing events from the distant past; Cicero quotes the expression in his work On the Laws : In the dialogical introduction to the work, Attikus refers to the significant events of the present and says that Cicero will present the achievements of Pompey and his own, “quae ab isto malo praedicari quam, ut aiunt , de Remo et Romulo ”(“ which I would rather hear him praise than, as they say, something about Remus and Romulus ”).

Premissis

Praemissis praemittendis (pp.): “Submitting what is to be sent in advance” - As an abbreviation in letters for the titles, salutations, etc .; also in the official style of the 19th century: “The pp. Meier has ... “A modern modification in pp. can be found in the legal language "in the matter", as an abbreviation for the rubrum of a decision.

Praemisso

Praemisso titulo (PT): "According to the appropriate title sent in advance" - form of written salutation instead of listing all titles

Praeter

Praeter propter (pr. Pr.): "Further or closer" - "more or less", "about", "about"; According to the grammarian Fronto , the expression was considered outdated and vulgar in his time, i.e. in the 2nd century, but was used in literary terms during the republic.

Praeter speciem sapit.: "He's smarter than he looks."; The phrase praeter speciem ( contrary to appearances ) is often used in such contexts; see. Plautus , Mostellaria 965: “praeter speciem stultus es” (“you are even more stupid than you look”).

Praetereunt

Praetereunt anni more fluentes aquae.: "The years go by like flowing water."

Praeterita

Praeterita mutare non possumus.: "We cannot change the past."

Praga

Praga mater urbium.: “Prague, the mother of all cities.” - Prague's motto since 1927

Praga Caput Rei publicae.: “Prague, the head of the republic.” - Prague's motto since 1991

Praga Caput Regni.: “Prague, the head of the kingdom.” - the motto of Prague since the Middle Ages

Praga totius Bohemiae domina.: “Prague, the mistress of all Bohemia.” - Former motto of Prague

Fine

Great facie: “At first sight” - “At first sight”; refers to plausible, but not certain, evidence in a court hearing .

primate

Primate sum. Primatum nil a me alienum puto.: “I am a primate. Nothing about primates is alien to me. ”- Replica of the American anthropologist Earnest Hooton to the well-known quote by the Roman playwright Publius Terentius Afer , which he extends to primates :; " Homo sum, humani nil a me alienum puto ." - "I am human and nothing human is alien to me."

Primum

Primum movens: "The moving first" - that is not moved itself.

Primum non nocere: "Above all, one must not do any harm" - a basic medical rule ascribed to the ancient doctor Hippocrates of Kos .

Primum vivere, deinde philosophari: "Live first, then philosophize"

Primus

Primus inter pares: "First among equals" - a member of a group who has the same rights as everyone else, but still enjoys a higher honor. The term primus was introduced under Emperor Augustus to describe his position in the Roman state structure.

Principiis

Principiis consentit exitus.: “The end fits in with the beginning.” - Quote from the works of the poet Cicero

Principiis obsta.: "Defend the beginnings!" - Destroy the evil in the bud; According to Ovid from "Remedia Amoris, 91" (remedies against love):; "Principiis obsta. Sero medicina parata, cum mala per longas convaluere moras. "; "Defend the beginnings! The medicine is prepared too late when the ills have intensified through long hesitation. "

Principium

Principium dimidium totius.: “The beginning is half of the whole.” - This saying is quoted as proverbial by Plato [50] and Aristotle [51] and reads in Greek: “ Ἀρχὴ ἥμισυ παντός. "

Privilege

Privilegium exclusivum: "Exclusive privilege", "sole privilege"

Per

Per anno: "Per year"; See also Per annum .

Pro ara et regni custodia

Pro bono (publico): "For the (general) good" - from the unpredictable work of a lawyer

Coat of arms of the Brazilian state of São Paulo

Pro Brasilia fiant eximia.: “Extraordinary things should happen for Brazil.” - the motto of the Brazilian state of São Paulo

Pro captu lectoris have sua fata libelli.: "Depending on the understanding of the reader, books have their own fates." - This sentence by Terentianus Maurus , which is often quoted in his short form "Habent sua fata libelli", is intended to mean that the purpose of the books is different.

Pro deodorant and patria (mori): "For God and Fatherland (to die)" - the motto to provide legitimation for wars, to raise money for it ( contribution coin ) or to honor bravery through medals. Motto of several fraternities and religious communities.

Pro domo: "For the house" - In your own cause, in your own interest after Cicero's speech De domo sua , in which he campaigned for the restitution of his property after his exile.

Pro and contra: "The pros and cons"

Pro forma: "For the sake of form" - To appear

Pro hac vice: For this one case - an exception tied to a specific case; z. B. in the American legal system, special permission for a lawyer not accredited in the respective state.

Pro Helvetia: For Switzerland - cultural foundation for the cultural representation of Switzerland abroad, for the cultural dialogue between the different parts of the country as well as for the promotion of the arts in a supra-regional context

Pro hominibus constitutus: “Ordered for the people” - Archbishop Josef Frings' motto .

Pro Justitia: "For Justice"

Pro Juventute: «For the youth»

Pro memoria: "To remember" / "To remember" - A promemoria also means a memorandum or a memorandum.

Per mille (pm): "Per thousand" - per mille

Pro Patria consumor

Pro patria est, dum ludere videmur.: “For the fatherland it is while we seem to be playing.” - Theodoric the Great , after Cassiodorus . Today inscription above the entrances to sports fields and the STRPGA (Star Trek Role Playing Game Association) motto

Pro rata: "In relation" - i.e. "proportional".

Pro rata temporis: “According to the passage of time” - In insurance, this means the exact day-to-day settlement of the premium. In the context of tax law , however, the term stands for the monthly calculation of the deduction for wear and tear of an asset if it is acquired during the year.

Pro re nata (prn): As needed, as needed - On a doctor's prescription.

Pro rege, lege et grege: "For the King, the Law and the People" - motto of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT)

Pro studio and lab: "For zeal and work"

Pro tanto quid retribuamus?: "What should we pay back for as big?" - motto of the city of Belfast (. Cf. Ps 115.3 VUL )

Per tempore: "For the moment" - i.e. "Temporarily".

Probatio / Probatum

Probatio diabolica: "Devilish evidence" - The heavy evidence of civil property in Roman private law

Probatum est.: "It has been proven." - "It has been proven."

Procul

Procul a Iove, procul a fulmine.: "Far from Jupiter, far from lightning."

Procul absit.: "It is far."

Procul ex oculis, procul ex mente.: "Far from your eyes, far from your mind."

Procul omnis esto clamor et ira.: “Far be all noise and anger!” - Horace , carmina 3, 8, 15 f.

Prodenda

Prodenda, quia (sunt) prodita: “It has to be handed down because it was handed down.” - Pliny the Elder , Naturalis historia 2,21; Pliny provides a slightly different aspect ("because": causal connection ) to Herodotus utterance " λέγειν τὰ λεγόμενα ", better known in the Latin version Relata refero .

Prodesse / Prodest

Prodesse et delectare: "Use and delight"; See also Aut prodesse volunt aut delectare poetae .

Prodest cautela post quam postremo querela.: “Caution is more useful than a complaint.” - Corresponds to the German proverbs “Caution is the mother of the porcelain box” and “It is better to be safe than sorry”.

Proditionem

Proditionem amo, sed proditores non laudo: "I love betrayal, but I do not praise traitors." - Quoted from the Greek original in Plutarch , Moralia, Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata, Caesaris Augusti , 2: Augustus to King Rhoimetalkes I of Thrace, who boasts about it Mark Antony to have defected to him.

Profanum

Profanum vulgus: "The common people" - family record of the expressionist artist group Die Brücke based on a quote from the works of the poet Horace :; "Odi profanum vulgus." - "I hate the common mob."

Prognosis

Prognosis ...: In medicine, a prognosis is the prediction of the likely course of the disease. These forecasts are classified differently:

Prognoses from the patient's perspective :

Prognosis quoad vitam	Prognosis quoad restitutionem	Prognosis quoad rehabilitationem	Prognosis quoad valetudinem	Prognosis quoad laborem	Prognosis quoad functionem	Prognosis quoad vitam, valetudinem, restitutionem
Prognosis in relation to life	Recovery prognosis	Rehabilitation prognosis	Prognosis related to health	Prediction in terms of work ability	Forecast in terms of function	The prospect of life, recovery, restoration of the functions

Forecasts after the outcome of the disease:

Prognosis bona	Prognosis incerta	Prognosis dubia	Prognosis mala	Prognosis infausta	Lethal prognosis
Good prognosis	Uncertain forecast	Doubtful forecast	Bad prognosis	Hopeless prognosis	Deadly prognosis

Promissa

Promissa nec aspera curans.: "Care about promises, not adversity". - The motto of the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt .

PhD degree

Promoveatur ut amoveatur.: "May he be promoted so that one can get rid of him."

Propria

Propria manu (pm): "With your own hands" - variant of manu propria .

Cheers

Cheers .: “May it be useful!” - a toast from the student's language at the beginning of the 18th century, which is Germanized as “Wohl get's”.

Proxima / Proximus

Proxima soli: “Closest to the sun” - the motto of the Order of the Eagle of Este

Proximus ardet Ucalegon.: “It's burning at our neighbor Ucalegon.” From the description of the burning city of Troy in Virgil's Aeneid (2,311 f.). (The name Ugalegon roughly corresponds to our family name Ohnesorg .); As a proverb similar to "Tua res agitur ..."

Proximus sum egomet mihi.: “I am next to myself.” - Quote from the comedy Andria des Terence (verse 635).; The dictum corresponds to the saying "Everyone is next to himself": "Proximus est sibi quisque."

Prudens / Prudentis

Prudens futuri temporis exitum caliginosa nocte premit deus.: “A wise God envelops the exit of the future with an opaque night.” - Horace , carmina 3,29,29 f.

Prudens interrogatio quasi dimidium sapientiae.: “A wise question is, so to speak, half the wisdom”. - From: Francis Bacon , Instauratio magna .

Prudentis est nonnunquam silere.: "The clever one sometimes has to be silent."

Pulchra

Pulchra mulier nuda erit quam purpurata pulchrior.: “A beautiful woman will be more beautiful naked than dressed in purple.” - Plautus , Mostellaria 289

Pulchra sunt, quae visa placent.: “What pleases the sight is beautiful.” - Quote from the works of the Doctor of the Church Thomas Aquinas

Pulchrum

Pulchrum est accusari from accusandis.: "It's nice to be accused by those who need to be accused."

Pulchrum est digito monstrari et dicier. Hic est.: “It's nice when people point their finger at you and say. That's him! ”- Quote from the works of the poet Horace. It was considered a sign of appreciation when others pointed their fingers at someone.

Pulvis

Pulvis it.: "You are dust" - short form of "Memento, homine, quia tu pulvis es, et in pulverem reverteris." "Remember man that you are dust and will return to dust." (From the Vulgate , Genesis 3, 19)

Pulvis et umbra sumus.: "We are dust and shadow". - Horace , carmina 4,7,16

Punctum

Punctum puncti: "Point of the Point" - The main thing

Saliens punctum: "The crux of the matter" - With the crux of the matter , Aristotle originally meant the heart of a chick embryo, which can be seen as a twitching point in the egg in backlight. Only later did this term become the decisive question .

Punica

Punica fides: “Punic Fidelity” - Sham fidelity. Since the wars with Hannibal , the Punians were considered bad allies by the Romans.

Puras / Puris

Puras deus, non plenas aspicit manus.: "God looks at pure hands that are not full."

Puris omnia pura: “To the pure everything is pure.” - From the letter of the apostle Paul to Titus

Individual evidence

↑ Bert Brecht , ballad on the question "What does man live on" .
↑ Andreas Joseph Nunn, Pure love in the fight with luxury and moral decay . Prague, 1805. p. 63: “Paupertas meretrix, verum est opulentia leno. / Allicit illa malos, inquinat ista bonos. "
^ Byron Farwell: Queen Victoria's Little Wars. Wordsworth Editions Limited, Hertfordshire 1999, p. 30.
↑ Mark Lemon / Henry Mayhew (Eds.): Punch or the London Charivari. London 1844. Volume VI, p. 207.
↑ 'Peccavi'. In: Encyclopedia of Britain. Online at: historyworld.net , accessed June 13, 2017.
↑ A collection of rules of life wrongly attributed to the philosopher Seneca , which has been handed down under various titles, e.g. B. De institutione morum ( instruction in correct behavior ) or De moribus ( on morals ), n.58.
↑ Inscription: Göttingen, St. Marienkirche. In: inschriften.net , accessed on June 13, 2017.
↑ Fasting - Quotes and Aphorisms (37). In: gutezitate.com , accessed on June 13, 2017.
^ Tractatus de conceptione S. Mariae ( Treatise on the Conception of St. Mary ).
^ Cicero, de legibus 1,8.
↑ in Gellius , Noctes Atticae 19,10,1 ff.
↑ See, for example, Naturalis Historia, Lib. II, Cap. XXI
↑ From a line of songs by Alfanus of Salerno to St. Catherine : "Auxilio stabilita Dei, mortalibus audax restitit insidiis, promissa nec aspera curans." did not care about earthly adversities. ”( Carmen 42, v. 9 f. In: I carmi di Alfano I, arcivescovo di Salerno. Ed. by Anselmo Lentini, Faustino Avagliano. [ s. n. ], Montecassino 1974, i. e. 1975, OCLC 8993369 - Latin, with introductory material in Italian.) Quoted from: “Caring about promises, not adversity”. The legend behind the university seal. In: ku.de , accessed on February 7, 2018 (bibliographically supplemented).
↑ Titus 1:15. Another translation of the Greek sentence πάντα καθαρὰ τοῖς καθαροῖς (panta kathara tois katharois) into Latin is "omnia munda mundis" ( Tit 1.15 VUL ).

[1] Bert Brecht , ballad on the question "What does man live on" .

[2] Andreas Joseph Nunn, Pure love in the fight with luxury and moral decay . Prague, 1805. p. 63: “Paupertas meretrix, verum est opulentia leno. / Allicit illa malos, inquinat ista bonos. "

[3] Byron Farwell: Queen Victoria's Little Wars. Wordsworth Editions Limited, Hertfordshire 1999, p. 30.

[4] Mark Lemon / Henry Mayhew (Eds.): Punch or the London Charivari. London 1844. Volume VI, p. 207.

[5] 'Peccavi'. In: Encyclopedia of Britain. Online at: historyworld.net , accessed June 13, 2017.

[6] A collection of rules of life wrongly attributed to the philosopher Seneca , which has been handed down under various titles, e.g. B. De institutione morum ( instruction in correct behavior ) or De moribus ( on morals ), n.58.

[7] Inscription: Göttingen, St. Marienkirche. In: inschriften.net , accessed on June 13, 2017.

[8] Fasting - Quotes and Aphorisms (37). In: gutezitate.com , accessed on June 13, 2017.

[9] Tractatus de conceptione S. Mariae ( Treatise on the Conception of St. Mary ).

[10] Cicero, de legibus 1,8.

[11] Gellius , Noctes Atticae 19,10,1 ff.

[12] See, for example, Naturalis Historia, Lib. II, Cap. XXI

[13] From a line of songs by Alfanus of Salerno to St. Catherine : "Auxilio stabilita Dei, mortalibus audax restitit insidiis, promissa nec aspera curans." did not care about earthly adversities. ”( Carmen 42, v. 9 f. In: I carmi di Alfano I, arcivescovo di Salerno. Ed. by Anselmo Lentini, Faustino Avagliano. [ s. n. ], Montecassino 1974, i. e. 1975, OCLC 8993369 - Latin, with introductory material in Italian.) Quoted from: “Caring about promises, not adversity”. The legend behind the university seal. In: ku.de , accessed on February 7, 2018 (bibliographically supplemented).

[14] Titus 1:15. Another translation of the Greek sentence πάντα καθαρὰ τοῖς καθαροῖς (panta kathara tois katharois) into Latin is "omnia munda mundis" ( Tit 1.15 VUL ).