Stendal circle

The Stendalische Kreis , also called Stendalscher Kreis (1608: Polchowscher Kreis ), was a Kurmärkischer Kreis in the then province of Altmark of the Mark Brandenburg . It was formed in the 16th century and included areas that today essentially belong to the Stendal district in Saxony-Anhalt . From 1806 to 1813 the area belonged to the department of the Elbe of the Kingdom of Westphalia . The Stendal District was dissolved after the Restoration in the district and provincial reform in the Kingdom of Prussia in 1816 and merged into the new larger Stendal District of the Prussian Province of Saxony .

geography

The Stendalische Kreis was in the middle of the Altmark (no external borders). It bordered in the north on the Seehausenschen district , in the east on the Arneburg district , in the south on the Tangermündesche district , over a very short stretch also on the Salzwedel district and in the west on the Arendsee district . The city of Stendal was located on the southeastern edge of the then Stendal district and was the capital of the Altmark (seat of the Altmark Higher Court and seat of the landscape directorate, seat of the Altmark and royal war and domain chambers (subordinate to the Kurmärkischen war and domain chamber), general superintendent of the Altmark and the Prignitz, from approx. 1775 also the Elbdeich directorate of the Königlich-Kurmärkischen war and domain chamber deputation).

history

In the course of the 16th century in the Margraviate of Brandenburg, organized circles emerged according to the landscapes or the so-called soft formations of the larger cities , in the 17th century also called horse riders or land riders, headed by a war commissioner. The executive officer was the land rider.

Six circles had formed in the Altmark. In the 17th / 18th In the 19th century, however, in fiscal and rural terms, it was only a circle that only had a district directorate, a knightly corpus and a district treasury. The Altmark was thus comparable with the Prignitz, while in the Mittelmark the individual districts each had their own administrative bodies, their own corporate representations and. Had district coffers.

While the Stendal and Salzwedel districts retained their own district administrators, only one district administrator was appointed for the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg districts, and from 1735 also for the Arendsee and Seehausen districts. The provincial directorate had a provincial director (rarely two provincial directors), and sent a deputy from among their ranks to represent the Altmark knighthood to the provincial parliaments of the Kurmark landscape. In addition, there was a dike captain, a war commissioner and Oberlandeinnehmer as well as land takers for the individual districts, with one land taker in each case responsible for the Tangermündeschen and the Arneburg district as well as for the Arendsee and the Seehausen district. A land rider was responsible for each district. From around 1775 the supervision of the dikes was transferred to the Elbdeichdirektorium of the Altmark, which was subordinate to the Royal Kurmärkischen War and Domain Chamber Deputation in Stendal. In addition, a first and a second dike captain have now been appointed.

The name Stendalischer Kreis follows Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring (1804); in the older work by Anton Friedrich Büsching from 1775 it is called the Stendal Circle . In the Landreiterbericht of 1608 he is referred to as Polchowscher Kreis und Beritt .

As a result of the Peace of Tilsit , Prussia had to cede the Altmark and thus also the Stendal District to the newly created Kingdom of Westphalia in 1807. The Stendalische Kreis was completely absorbed in the Stendal district of the Elbe department . In 1811, Graf von der Schulenburg-Bodendorf was sub-prefect of the Stendal district. After the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia at the end of 1813, the old district division was restored until 1816.

Associated places

According to Bratring (1804):

• Arensberg (1804: village , domain office Burgstall)
• Badingen (1804: village and four estates , in aristocratic ownership)
• Groß Ballerstedt (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Klein Ballerstedt (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Beesewege (1804: village , also Biesewege, belonged to the University of Frankfurt / Oder)
• Belkau (1804: village , also Belckau / Belckow, one share: Magistrat zu Stendal, one share in aristocratic ownership, one share: Domain Office Burgstall)
• Berkau (1804: village and estate , also Berckau / Berckow, two shares, both in aristocratic ownership)
• Biesenthal (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Borstel (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Bülitz (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Bust (1804: village and two estates , owned by the nobility)
• Darnewitz (1804: Vorwerk , in aristocratic possession)
• Deetz (1804: village and estate, also written Deetze, owned by the nobility)
• Deetzer Warthe (1804: Deetzsche Warthe, jug and customs house , belonged to the combing in Stendal)
• Dobberkau (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Döllnitz (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Düsedau (1804: village, also written Düsedow, University of Frankfurt / Oder)
• Erxleben (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Flessau (1804: Dorf und Gut, also written Flessow, two shares in aristocratic ownership)
• Friedrichsfleiß (1804: colony village , in aristocratic possession)
• Friedrichshof (1804: Vorwerk , in aristocratic possession)
• Garlipp (1804: village , also written Garlip, University of Frankfurt / Oder)
• Grävenitz (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Grassau (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Grünenwulsch (1804: Grünwulsch formerly Lüttenwulsch, village , in aristocratic possession )
• Haferbreite (1804: establishment , belonged to the combing department in Stendal, was given a long lease)
• Häsewig (1804: village , in aristocratic possession )
• Hohenwulsch and Friedrichshof (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Holzhausen (1804: village and estate , one share in civil ownership, two shares in aristocratic ownership)
• Karritz (1804: Carritz, village and estate , two shares, in aristocratic ownership)
• Kladen (1804: village and estate , two shares, owned by the nobility)
• Klinke (1804: village , part of the Burgstall domain office)
• Könnigde (1804: village and estate , two shares, owned by the nobility)
• Kremkau (1804: village , three shares, two in aristocratic ownership, one share in bourgeois ownership)
• Lindstedt (1804: Lindstädt, village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Lindstedterhorst (1804: Lindstädter Horst, village , aristocratic property)
• Luthäne (1804: Schäferei and Vorwerk , also written Lüttehne or Lütkenschäferei, owned by the nobility)
• Möckern (1804: village , also Mäckern, in aristocratic possession)
• Meßdorf (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Groß Möhringen (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Klein Möhringen (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Möllenbeck (1804: village , Tangermünde domain office)
• Möllendorf (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Natterheide (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Neuendorf am Damm (1804: village , two shares in aristocratic ownership)
• Neuendorf am Speck (1804: village , University of Frankfurt / Oder)
• Orpensdorf (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Osterburg, city
• Petersburg, Establishment of Büdnerm between Stendal and Wahrburg not far from the Ucht (1804) (not localized)
• Petersmark (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Peulingen (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Polkau (1804: village, also written Polkow, Tangermünde Domain Office)
• Poritz (1804: village and two estates , two shares, in aristocratic ownership)
• Querstedt (1804: village , Neuendorf domain office)
• Rochau (1804: village , three shares, two shares in aristocratic ownership, one share, domain office Burgstall)
• Rönnebeck (1804: village and two estates , two shares, in aristocratic ownership)
• Klein Rossau (1804: village , also written Rossow, in aristocratic possession)
• Schäplitz (1804: village and estate , two shares, in aristocratic ownership)
• Schartau (1804: village , aristocratic property)
• Schernikau (1804: Schernekau or Schernekow, village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Schinne (1804: village and estate , two shares, in aristocratic ownership)
• Schmersau (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Schmoor (1804: two outbuildings , two estates, owned by the nobility)
• Schönebeck (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Schönfeld (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Schorstedt (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Schwarzenhagen (1804: village , Tangermünde domain office)
• Groß Schwechten (1804: village , a total of five shares, four shares in aristocratic ownership, one share: University of Frankfurt / Oder)
• Klein Schwechten (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Späningen (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Steinfeld (Altmark) (1804: village , two shares in aristocratic ownership)
• Stendal , district town (1804)
• Storbeck (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Tornau (1804: Dorf , also written Tornow, two shares, one share in aristocratic ownership, one share in civil ownership)
• Uenglingen (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Wahrburg (1805: village and two estates , two shares in aristocratic ownership)
• Wartenberg (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Wollenhagen (1804: village , in aristocratic ownership)
• Wollenrade (1804: village and estate , in aristocratic ownership)
• Zedau (1804: village, also written as Zedow, inspectorate at Osterburg)
• Ziegenhagen (1804: village , in aristocratic possession)
• Customs house near Neuendorf am Damm (1804) (not localized)

The city of Bismark was located within the district as an exclave of the Arendsee district.

In the comprehensive regional and district reform of 1816, the Stendal district was tailored somewhat differently. The northern part of the district was lost to the new Osterburg district , as well as parts in the south of the district to the new Gardelegen district . In the east and south, the new district of Stendal received the areas of the dissolved Tangermünde district, in the northeast areas of the dissolved Arneburg district.

District administrators and land riders

• 1608 Joachim Buntsche, horseman
• February 1731 to November 22, 1751 (+) Albrecht Christian Freiherr Gans Noble Herr zu Putlitz, heir to Losenrade, elected District Administrator of the Stendal District
• 1752 Joachim Schultze, land rider
• 1751, 1756 Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von Werdeck, District Administrator, Joachim Schultze, Landreiter
• 1748, 1751 to 1761 Hans Christoph von Pieverling, District Administrator, resigned in 1761, but FCF von Werdeck moved up
• April 8, 1761 Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von Werdeck, elected district administrator
• 1767 Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von Werdeck, district administrator, elected regional director in 1767, Johann Mewes Landreiter
• 1770 Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von Werdeck, State Director, District Administrator of the Stendal District, Samuel Hobeyn, Landreiter
• 1775 to March 26, 1792 (+) Friedrich Carl Ferdinand von Werdeck, State Director, District Administrator of the Stendal District, Samuel Hobeyn, Landreiter
• 1792 to September 1, 1797 Georg Ludewig von Jagow, elected district administrator in September 1792, but not officially appointed district administrator until March 3, 1793, asked for his dismissal on September 1, 1797
• November 6, 1797 Carl Christian Casimir von Woldeck, elected district administrator
• 1799 to 1807 Carl Christian Casimir von Woldeck auf Storkau, District Administrator of the Stendal District, 1803 Knighthood Councilor

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. First volume: The general introduction to the Kurmark, containing the Altmark and Prignitz. XVIII, 494 pp., Maurer, Berlin 1804 Online at Google Books .
• Anton Friedrich Büsching: Complete topography of the Mark Brandenburg. 348 S., Verlag der Buchh. der Realschule, Berlin 1775 Online at Google Books
• Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. 590 p., Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 (hereinafter abbreviated to Eickstedt, Landbuch with corresponding page number)
• Gerd Heinrich: Administrative structure 1608–1806. Mounted and circles of the Altmark, Kurmark and Neumark. Historical Atlas of Brandenburg. Publications of the Berlin Historical Commission at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of the Free University of Berlin in 1967.
• Rolf Straubel: Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15. 1. Volume A-L. XIX, 604 S., KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 (in the following abbreviated Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, vol. 1 with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, except for the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 p., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (Table 1, additional page attached after p. 72)
2. ^ Büsching, Topographie Mark Brandenburg, p. 17. Online at Google Books
3. ↑ ^{a b} Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 203 Online at Google Books
4. ^ Johann Samuel Publication: Handbook over the Kingdom of Westphalia , Volume 1, 348 pp. Hemmerde and Schwetschke, Halle, 1808 Online at Google Books (p. 178).
5. ↑ Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Westphalia. 352 pp., Hahn brothers, Hanover, 1811 Online at Google Books (p. 154)
6. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 2, p. 758 Preview at Google Books .
7. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces: except for the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same as the royal ones. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers ... on the leap year MDCCLII (1752). 226 p., + Two unpaged registers, Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1752. Online at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg University and State Library (p. 99)
8. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Preussis. The provinces and provinces (except for the Berlin residences) and the high and low colleges, institu- tions and expeditions located therein, also have servants employed, the same as the magistrates, preachers, universities, etc. Also the place and time of their meeting, along with one double register, both of the colleges and of the servants located therein. To the leap year MDCCLVI (1756). 303 p., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1756.
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 2, p. 1087 Preview on Google Books .
10. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Lands and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, of the high and low colleges, institu- tions and expeditions located therein, the same of magistrates, preachers, universities etc. to the year MDCCLXVII (1767). 414 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1767. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek, Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
11. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, the high and low colleges, instantzien and expeditions located therein, the same royal. Servants, magistrates, preachers, universities etc. on the year MDCCLXX (1770). 523 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek, State and University Library Dresden
12. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 1, p. 460 Preview at Google Books .
13. ^ ^{A b} Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 2, p. 1125 Preview on Google Books .
14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1799. 454 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1799 Online at Google Books (p. 63)
15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1808. 528 p., With an appendix of 125 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1804 Online at Google Books (p. 66)

Coordinates: 52 ° 36 '  N , 11 ° 52'  E