Bussières (Saône-et-Loire)

Bussières
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Mâcon
Canton	Hurigny
Community association	Mâconnais Beaujolais Agglomération
Coordinates	46 ° 20 ′  N , 4 ° 42 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 20 ′  N , 4 ° 42 ′  E
height	219-405 m
surface	40.80 km 2
Residents	567 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	14 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71960
INSEE code	71069

Bussières is a French commune in the department of Saone-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the arrondissement of Mâcon and the canton of Hurigny . The place has 567 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), they are called Bussirons or Bussironnes .

Bussières community scheme OSM

geography

The community is located around 10.5 km west-north-west of Mâcon in the Petite Grosne valley . The river flows almost in a northerly direction from Serrières to Bussières, where it reaches the northernmost point of the arch and then continues south towards Prissé .

In the municipality, the D45 département road leads along the Petite Grosne in an east-west direction through the municipality. A feeder to the N79 express road is still partly in the eastern municipality.

The municipality only has a few contiguous forest areas north of Grand-Bussières and along the southern municipal boundary, including two areas with conifers . The agricultural area consists mainly of smaller vineyards , which are cultivated by around 25 wine growers.

The municipality includes the following hamlets and corridors: Baudiers, Bussy, Champs, Chenelières, Cornins, Esserteaux, Fontenailles, Fourneaux, Fromenteaux, Fuschats, Monsard, Montbrison, Moulin-Baudier, Moulin-Cabot, MoulinGaillardot, Murgé, Pelouses, Perron, Pertuis -Saint-Maurice, Pré-du-Pitou, Renoms, Rochette, Vallière .

tectonics

In the eastern part of the municipality there are elongated hills in a roughly north-south direction, which generally drop sharply to the west and flatter to the east. These ranges of hills, which in Bussières reach a height of 405 meters, are the western flank of the Bressegraben . This culminates in the rock of Solutré , which is around five kilometers south. In Monsard, at the northernmost point of the municipality, there are remains of a stone age protective structure and the Grotte de Jocelyn . It is said that this grotto inspired Alphonse de Lamartine to write his epic .

Bussières
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     56   5 -1     52   7th -1     54   12 2     56   15th 5     79   19th 9     82   23 12     60   25th 14th     78   25th 14th     78   21st 11     66   15th 7th     70   9 3     59   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

climate

The climate in Bussières is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The annual average temperature is 10.7 ° C. Spread over a year, the rainfall adds up to 790 mm.

Toponymy

The oldest known mention of Bussière goes back to 928–936, when it is mentioned in the toboggans of Saint-Vincent in Mâcon : In pago Matisconense, in agro Laliacense, in villa Busserias ... (German: in the Gau von Mâcon, in the area of Lalius (or similar, personal name), in the village of Busserias ...). The origin of the place name is likely to go back to the Latin buxus for boxwood and indicates that the area was once covered with coppice . Place names that refer to this type of vegetation occur over forty times in France (Bussière, Bussières, etc.). The box tree is called le buis in today's French , this name was originally used for all types of bushes. Buisson generally means bushes, bushes.

history

District of Grand Bussières

Bussières belonged from ancient times to the county of Mâcon , which was probably formed during the Merovingian era and was sold to the King of France in 1239 . At least one family seems to have named itself after the village of Bussières. The Bibliotheca Cluniacensis mentions two companions of Damas de Sercy on the Fourth Crusade , Pontius de Germoles and Knight Pontius de Bussières . The rule was exercised by the Baillis of Mâcon , among whom the sons of the La Guiche family should be emphasized.

Incidentally, several reminiscences are known from the history of Bussières: 1551–1554 several residents were accused of having visited heretics who preached in the community and uttered shameful words against the saints, the Virgin Mary and the Catholic Church. In 1590, the inhabitants of Bussières were sentenced to keep watch at the castle of Pierreclos in times of war and in case of imminent danger, to maintain the trap doors and ladders and to pay three denier tournois per household for further maintenance . In 1610 a resolution was passed by the parliament according to which the residents of Bussières had to pay the following taxes: one for grain on thirteen sheaves that was fetched from the field, for wine on 21 laid paper, one fetched from each vineyard and for vegetables and hemp thirty handfuls, one each, picked up from the house or the attic. In 1626, residents of Bussières were convicted of banding together and taking up arms on the occasion of a charivari before a widow was remarried. On April 11, 1684, Pastor Buchet von Bussières stated that he had planted around 25 ares of vines in Grand Bussières , namely good Burgundy vines from Berzé-la-Ville . Eight men worked for this on two days. In 1723, however, the quality of the wine was so poor that the price of the barrels and the cost of the harvest far exceeded the proceeds. In 1743 the Vicar General of Mâcon dispenses the spouses Jean Beranger and Susanne Bruy after eight years of marriage. In spite of the fourth-degree consanguinity , the marriage is approved and the children are declared legitimate. On January 15, 1789, Pastor Destre stated that it had been extremely cold for six weeks, that one could not grind and would have had to use hand mills because the Saône was frozen. Wood and wheat are expensive, there is a lack of flour. Mr. Maillet from Berzé la Ville would have made one of his gypsum mills available, but one hopes that the ice on the Saône will be broken within two days.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	440	457	453	451	435	471	409	437	503	461	434	429	374	345	324	282	256	318	393	463	535	555	587
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Infrastructure and economy

Bussières Church

In the community there is the Mairie , a primary school, 27 farms (including 25 winegrowers), 7 companies in the construction industry, 2 architecture and engineering companies. Mâconnais (cheese) is permitted as AOC products in Bussières , as well as Bourgogne mousseux , Crémant de Bourgogne blanc , Crémant de Bourgogne rosé , Bourgogne aligoté nouveau , and the spirits Marc de Bourgogne and Fine de Bourgogne .

Attractions

• Château des Essertaux
• 12th century church
• Remains of a stone age protective structure in Monsard

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bussières. on habitants.fr. Retrieved June 13, 2015 (French). 
2. ^ Express road N79. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved June 13, 2015 (French). 
3. ↑ Bussières. (PDF) in the Dictionnaire Topographique de Saône-et-Loire. Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on May 27, 2015 (French, search term: <CTRL> -f Bussières). 
4. ↑ Grotte de Jocelyn and panorama panel. in Monsard, municipality of Bussières (71). Macon-tourism.com, accessed June 23, 2015 (French). 
5. ↑ Lamartine . CUP Archive, 1969, pp. 35-.
6. ↑ Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Châlon-sur-Saône: Mémoires de la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Châlon-sur-Saône 1850, p. 30.
7. ↑ plaster mill. from Montégut. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
8. ↑ Anecdotes et Archives. J. Marchal, accessed June 23, 2015 (French). 
9. ^ Regesta on the court rulings in the Bailiwick of Mâcon. PJP Martin, accessed June 23, 2015 (French). 
10. ↑ Population statistics on cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved June 16, 2015 (French). 
11. ↑ Mâconnais. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 24, 2015 (French). 
12. ↑ Bourgogne mousseux. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
13. ↑ Crémant de Bourgogne blanc. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
14. ↑ Crémant de Bourgogne rosé. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
15. ↑ Bourgogne Aligoté nouveau. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
16. ↑ Marc de Bourgogne. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
17. ^ Fine de Bourgogne. to INAO Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 23, 2015 (French). 
18. ↑ Château des Essertaux in the French Wikipedia

Web links

Commons : Bussières (Saône-et-Loire)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files