Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
Basic data | |
---|---|
Surname: | Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (Congregatio pro doctrina fidei) |
Seat: | Palazzo del Sant'Uffizio 00120 Città del Vaticano |
Cardinal Prefect : |
Luis Cardinal Ladaria SJ (since 2017) |
Secretary: | Archbishop Giacomo Morandi (since 2017) |
Assistant Secretary: | Archbishop Augustine Di Noia OP (since 2013) Archbishop Charles Scicluna (since 2018) |
Undersecretary: |
Matteo Visioli (since 2017) |
The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith ( Latin Congregatio pro doctrina fidei , often short CDF called) is a central authority of the Roman Catholic Church . Its task is to promote religious and moral teaching throughout the Catholic Church and to protect it from heresies . This congregation was founded by Pope Paul III. founded with the Apostolic Constitution Licet ab initio of July 21, 1542 as Congregatio Romanae et universalis Inquisitionis (German "Congregation of the Roman and General Inquisition"). In the 20th century - in the period before the council - it was generally referred to as the Holy Office (Latin: Sanctum Officium ), after its new name from 1908.
history
The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is the oldest of the nine congregations of the Roman Curia . She was founded by Pope Paul III. Founded on July 21, 1542 as Congregatio Romanae et universalis Inquisitionis . For this purpose, a competent college of six cardinals was appointed in the same year , who, as inquisitors general, were equipped with special rights, among other things, for the appointment of further inquisitors. The Roman Inquisition tried to prevent the advance of Protestantism into Italy. A separate index for forbidden books was created, the Index Librorum Prohibitorum . The most famous people condemned by the Roman Inquisition are Giordano Bruno (1600) and Galileo Galilei (1633). In 1798 the Papal States were annexed by Napoleon and the Roman Inquisition abolished. Although it was reinstated in 1814, it had a completely different character in the 19th century, as it no longer had any executive means, but was now limited to the power of the word. In 1908, Pope Pius X changed the name to Sacra Congregatio Sancti Officii (German: "Holy Congregation of the Holy Office") with the Apostolic Constitution Sapienti consilio .
Towards the end of the Second Vatican Council , Pope Paul VI ordered. with the Motu Proprio Integrae servandae of December 7, 1965, the tasks and structure of the congregation were re-established and given its current name. The first prefect was Cardinal Alfredo Ottaviani from 1965 to 1968 , who had been secretary of the Holy Office since 1959; Up until this point in time, the Prefect of the Holy Office had always been the Pope himself. His successor was Cardinal Franjo Šeper , who held the office until 1981. From 1981 until the death of John Paul II in 2005, the congregation was led by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger . After his election as Pope, Archbishop William Joseph Levada was his successor in the office of Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith until July 2, 2012. On the same date, Gerhard Ludwig Müller was appointed as the new prefect and was temporarily confirmed in office by Pope Francis on March 16, 2013 and permanently confirmed on September 21, 2013. Archbishop Luis Ladaria has been Prefect of the Congregation since the end of Müller's term of office on July 2, 2017.
According to article 48 of the Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia, promulgated by Pope John Paul II in 1988 , Pastor Bonus , the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith has the task of "promoting and protecting the doctrine of the faith and morals throughout the Catholic Church."
structure
At the head of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is a cardinal prefect who is assisted by a secretary and an undersecretary.
The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is divided into four sections:
- Doctrine of the Faith Section
- Disciplinary Section
- Marriage section
- "Section Four" (For communities of the Usus antiquior )
Members
The congregation itself consists of 25 members, cardinals, archbishops and bishops, who are appointed by the Pope for five years each. Members of the congregation are currently:
Cardinals
- Polycarp Pengo
- Christoph Schönborn OP
- Crescenzio Sepe
- Jean-Pierre Ricard (since 2006)
- Antonio Cañizares Llovera (since 2006)
- Leonardo Sandri (since 2008)
- Peter Turkson (since 2010)
- Marc Ouellet PSS (since 2010)
- Angelo Amato SDB (since 2010)
- Kurt Koch (since 2010)
- Angelo Scola (since 2012)
- Donald William Wuerl (since 2012)
- George Alencherry (since 2012)
- Fernando Filoni (since 2012)
- Francesco Coccopalmerio (since 2012)
- John Olorunfemi Onaiyekan
- Beniamino Stella (since 2016)
- Sean Patrick O'Malley OFMCap (since 2017)
- Giuseppe Versaldi (since 2017)
Archbishops
- Salvatore Fisichella
- Walmor Oliveira de Azevedo (since 2009)
- José Luis Mollaghan (since 2014)
Bishops
- Mario del Valle Moronta Rodríguez (since 2009)
- Charles Scicluna (since 2012)
- Rudolf Voderholzer (since May 28, 2014)
Consultor (selection)
- Laetitia Calmeyn (since 2018)
- Linda Ghisoni (since 2018)
- Michelina Tenace (since 2018)
Published letters (selection)
The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith publishes official documents on current occasions; A distinction is made between documents on doctrine , documents on discipline and documents on sacramental questions. There is also the “Documenti e Studi” collection. The documents are again divided into different categories: Instructions , Teaching Notes, Answers to Inquiries, Notifications and General Letters.
Doctrine documents (excerpt)
- Decree Against Communism (June 28, 1949)
- Circular to the Presidents of the Bishops' Conferences regarding some declarations and errors in the interpretation of the decisions of the Concilium Vaticanum II - Cum oecumenicum concilium (July 24, 1966)
- Inter insigniores , Declaration on the Admission of Women to the Priesthood (October 15, 1976)
- Recentiores episcoporum synodi , letter on some questions of eschatology (May 17, 1979)
- Declaration by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith on Euthanasia - Iura et bona (May 5, 1980)
- Instruction on some aspects of the “Theology of Liberation” - Libertatis Nuncio (August 6, 1984)
- Instruction on Christian Freedom and Liberation - Libertatis Conscientia (March 22, 1986)
- Instruction on Respect for the Beginning of Human Life and the Dignity of Reproduction - Donum Vitae (February 22, 1987)
- See also: Donum vitae
- Letter on pastoral care for homosexual persons - Homosexualitatis problema (October 1, 1986)
- Briefing on the ecclesiastical vocation of the theologian - Donum veritatis (May 24, 1990)
- Writing about some aspects of the Church as "Communio" - Communionis notio (May 28, 1992)
- Declaration on the uniqueness and universality of Jesus Christ and the Church - Dominus Iesus (August 6, 2000)
- See also: Dominus Iesus
- Instruction on prayers for healing by God - Ardens felicitatis (September 14, 2000)
- Doctrinal note on some questions about the commitment and conduct of Catholics in political life (January 16, 2003)
- Letter on the Cooperation of Men and Women in the Church and in the World (July 31, 2004)
- Answering Questions About Some Matters of Doctrine About the Church (June 29, 2007)
- Answers to Questions about the United States Bishops Conference on Artificial Food and Water Supply (Aug. 1, 2007)
- Doctrinal Note on Some Aspects of Evangelization (December 3, 2007)
- Instruction on some questions of bioethics - Dignitas Personae (September 8, 2008) as PDF: [2] ; Summary: [3]
- See also: Dignitas personae
Documents on the discipline (excerpt)
- General decree relating to the offense of attempted consecration of a woman (December 19, 2007)
- Regulations for the teaching review (June 29, 1997)
- Church's Judgment Unchanged (On Freemasonry ) (November 26, 1983)
Grand Inquisitors
- Gian Pietro Cardinal Carafa (1542–1555)
- Antonio Michele Cardinal Ghisleri (1558–1566)
- Scipione Cardinal Rebiba (1573–1577)
- Giacomo Cardinal Savelli (1577–1586)
- Giulio Antonio Cardinal Santorio (1586–1602)
Secretaries of the Holy Office
- Camillo Borghese (1602–1605), later Pope Paul V.
- Pompeio Arrigoni (1605-1616)
- Giovanni Garzia Millini (1616-1629)
- Antonio Marcello Barberini (1629-1633)
- Francesco Barberini (1633–1679)
- Cesare Facchinetti (1679–1683)
- Alderano Cibo (1683-1700)
- Galeazzo Marescotti (1700-1716)
- Fabrizio Spada (1716-1717)
- Nicolò Acciaioli (1717–1719)
- Francesco del Giudice (1719-1725)
- Fabrizio Paolucci (1725-1726)
- Pietro Ottoboni (1726-1740)
- Tommaso Ruffo (1740–1753)
- Neri Maria Corsini (1753-1770)
- Giovanni Francesco Stoppani (1770–1774)
- Luigi Maria Torregiani (1775–1777)
- Carlo Rezzonico (1777-1799)
- Leonardo Antonelli (1800-1811)
- Giulio Maria della Somaglia (1814-1830)
- Bartolomeo Pacca (1830-1844)
- Vincenzo Macchi (1844-1860)
- Costantino Patrizi Naro (1860–1876)
- Prospero Caterini (1876–1881)
- Antonio Maria Panebianco OFMConv (1882-1883)
- Luigi Bilio CRSP (1883-1884)
- Raffaele Monaco La Valletta (1884-1896)
- Lucido Maria Cardinal Parocchi (1896–1903)
- Serafino Cardinal Vannutelli (1903-1908)
- Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (1908-1913)
- Domenico Cardinal Ferrata (1914)
- Rafael Cardinal Merry del Val (1914-1930)
- Donato Raffaele Cardinal Sbarretti Tazza (1930-1939)
- Francesco Cardinal Marchetti Selvaggiani (1939–1951)
- Giuseppe Cardinal Pizzardo (1951-1959)
- Alfredo Cardinal Ottaviani (1959-1965)
Prefects
Until 1965 the Pope himself was Prefect of the Holy Office.
- Alfredo Cardinal Ottaviani (1965–1968), secretary of the Holy Office since 1959
- Cardinal Franjo Šeper (1968–1981)
- Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (1981-2005), later Pope Benedict XVI.
- William Joseph Cardinal Levada (2005-2012)
- Gerhard Ludwig Cardinal Müller (2012-2017)
- Luis Cardinal Ladaria SJ (since 2017)
Secretaries of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
- Pietro Parente (1965-1967)
- Paul-Pierre Philippe OP (1967–1973)
- Jean Jérôme Hamer OP (1973–1984)
- Alberto Bovone (1984–1995)
- Tarcisio Bertone SDS (1995-2002)
- Angelo Amato SDS (2002-2008)
- Luis Ladaria SJ (2008-2017)
- Giacomo Morandi (since 2017)
Individual evidence
- ^ Pastor Bonus , Apostolic Constitution of Pope John Paul II of June 28, 1988, Art. 48.
- ↑ Cf. Gerd Schwerhoff: The Inquisition: Persecution of Heretics in the Middle Ages and Modern Times ; Munich 2004, p. 98.
- ^ Dicasteries of the Roman Curia temporarily confirmed , Vatican Radio , March 16, 2013
- ^ Personnel changes in the Curia - Müller confirmed - New Nuncio in Berlin , Vatican Radio , September 21, 2013
- ↑ Text of the Apostolic Constitution ( PDF )
- ^ A b Nomina di Cardinali Membri dei Dicasteri della Curia Romana , in: Press Office of the Holy See: Daily Bulletin of May 6, 2006.
- ↑ Nomina di membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede , in: Holy See Press Office: Daily Bulletin of January 26, 2008.
- ↑ a b c d Nomina di Membri della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede , in: Press Office of the Holy See: Daily Bulletin of October 16, 2010.
- ^ A b Nomina di membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede , in: Press Office of the Holy See: Daily Bulletin of April 21, 2012.
- ↑ a b c Nomina di Cardinali Membri dei Dicasteri e degli Organismi della Curia Romana , in: Holy See Press Office: Daily Bulletin of April 21, 2012.
- ^ Nomina di Membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede. In: Daily Bulletin. Holy See Press Office , November 22, 2016, accessed November 22, 2016 (Italian).
- ^ Nomina di Membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede. In: Daily Bulletin. Holy See Press Office, January 14, 2017, accessed January 14, 2017 (Italian).
- ^ Nomina di Membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede. In: Daily Bulletin. Holy See Press Office, July 15, 2017, accessed July 15, 2017 (Italian).
- ^ A b Nomina di membri della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede , in: Holy See Press Office: Daily Bulletin of September 22, 2009.
- ^ Nomina di membro della Congregazion per la Dottrina della Fede , in: Press Office of the Holy See: Daily Bulletin of December 1, 2012.
- ^ Nomina di Membri della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede. In: Daily Bulletin . Holy See Press Office, May 28, 2014, accessed June 2, 2014 (Italian).
- ↑ a b c For the first time women also watch over the doctrine of the faith. Catholic.de, April 23, 2018, accessed July 18, 2018 .
- ↑ Collection of documents on sacred issues
- ↑ Collana “Documenti e Studi”
- ↑ Inter insigniores in the German translation on the homepage of the Holy See
- ↑ German: [1]
- ^ Text of the declaration
- ^ Text of the General Decree
- ↑ Text of the Order
- ^ Wording of the judgment
Web links
- Website of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
- Entry for Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith on catholic-hierarchy.org
Coordinates: 41 ° 54 ′ 3.6 ″ N , 12 ° 27 ′ 22.5 ″ E