Herálec
| Herálec | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Kraj Vysočina | ||||
| District : | Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| Area : | 2867 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 32 ' N , 15 ° 27' E | ||||
| Height: | 566 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,112 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 582 55 | ||||
| License plate : | J | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Štoky - Humpolec | ||||
| Railway connection: | Havlíčkův Brod – Humpolec | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 7th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Ulrich (as of 2019) | ||||
| Address: | Herálec 257 582 55 Herálec u Havlíčkova Brodu |
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| Municipality number: | 568678 | ||||
| Website : | www.heralec.cz | ||||
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Herálec (German Heraletz ) is a municipality in the Czech region of Vysočina . It is located seven kilometers east of the city center of Humpolec and belongs to the Okres Havlíčkův Brod .
geography
Herálec is located in the basin of the Herálecký creek in the Křemešnická vrchovina ( Křemešník Mountains ). State road II / 348 between Štoky and Humpolec runs through the village . The Havlíčkův Brod – Humpolec railway runs south of the village . In the north rises the Na Kubínovsku (560 m nm), east of the Šibeniční kopec (579 m nm), in the southeast the Olšina (612 m nm), southwest the Huština (633 m nm) and the Čihadlo (594 m nm) as well in the northwest the Ohrada (595 m nm)
Neighboring towns are Boňkov and Věž in the north, Koječín, Radňov and Dobrohostov in the Northeast, Kochánov and Chvalkov the east, Úsobí and Skorkov the southeast, Slavníč and Pavlov u Herálce in the south, Mikulášov and Kamenice in the southwest, Plačkov and Dubí in the west and Zdislavice and Splav in the northwest.
history
Geralds is considered to be the oldest settlement of the Teutonic Order in the Kingdom of Bohemia. It was probably founded in the second half of the 12th century. As the seat of the Teutonic Knights , a close is fortified church seasoned festivals suspected. Further branches of the order in the highlands later emerged in Gumpolds , Pilgrams and Ranards . After 1220, the selling country champion Hermann Balko religious goods in the highlands to the monastery Selau and withdrew from the area.
The first written mention of the village Heralice was made in 1226 in a document from Pope Honorius III. as property of the Selau monastery. In the middle of the 13th century Oldřich von Říčan and Křivosudov owned a fortress in Herálec. It is not certain whether it was the former order castle or the other fortress west of the village, where the castle was later built. It is possible that there were even three permanent houses in Herálec, with the storehouse hill as a third location. After the death of Oldřich von Říčan, the festival fell to King Wenceslaus II , who left it to the merchant Reinher von Florenz. In 1305 he sold the Křivsoudov castle and the Herálec fortress with the associated villages Herálec, Slavníč , Nová Ves , Pavlov, Mikulášov, Dubí, Bunovec, Weselí , Bonkov and Budíkov for 2000 marks silver to his brother Heinrich Heidenreich , abbot of the Sedlec monastery . In the same year Heidenreich returned the goods to Reinher von Florenz, who sold them to Heinrich von Rosenberg in 1306 . On July 26, 1307 von Rosenberg exchanged the goods Křivsoudov and Herálec with the Prague bishop Johann IV of Dražice for Sepekov , Radimovice and Čelkovice. When the diocese was elevated to an archbishopric in 1344, the episcopal rule of Herálec already comprised 22 villages (Herálec, Ousobí , Chválkov, Dobrohostov, Studénka, Skorkov , Velešov , Pavlov, Mikulášov, Slavníč, Dubí, Zdislavice , Boňek , Jedouch, Bratroňov, Krásná Hora , Kojkovice, Březinka, Žďár and Hlavňov). In the archbishop's tax register from 1379, 34 farmed hooves are named for Herálec. Up until the Hussite Wars , the Herálec reign belonged to the extensive estates of the Archdiocese of Prague, after which it fell to the royal chamber. This sold the Herálec manor in 1446 to Nikolaus Trčka of Lípa . In 1601 the Lords Trčka von Lípa sold the rule to Christoph Karl von Ruppau, who also owned the Humpolec estate and the Orlík castle . Around 1618 he sold Boňkov to the Trčka von Lípa gentlemen. After the battle of the White Mountain , the dominions Manětín , Herálec and Humpolec belonging to Christoph Karl von Ruppau were confiscated. The imperial chamber sold Herálec and Humpolec in 1623 for 83,264 shock to Philip the Elder. Ä. to Solms-Lich (1569-1631). The Herálec manor at that time consisted of the Herálec Castle and the villages of Herálec, Koječín, Radňov , Skorkov, Dubí, Bransoudov, Plačkov, Mikulášov, Kamenice, Pavlov, Čejov , Světlice and Hněvkovice. The Herálec parish became extinct during the Thirty Years' War, and the church became a subsidiary of the Pollerskirchen parish . The next owner was Philipp's son Philipp Adam zu Solms-Lich (1611-1670), who had already acquired the adjoining Okrouhlice estate in 1637 . His widow Helena, née Rashin von Riesenburg (1632–1699), inherited Okrouhlice; the rule Herálec with Humpolec she owned jointly with her daughter Josephina (1668-1722). She later married Ferdinand Rudolf von Waldstein for the second time . After his death, the Herálec estate and the Okrouhlice estate were sold to Count Kornel in 1696. In 1708 Michael Achatius von Kirchner acquired the rule of Herálec with Humpolec for 142,000 imperial guilders; For 43,000 guilders he bought the goods Pollerskirchen and Okrouhlice with Věž , but in the same year he left the Okrouhlice estate to Johann Peter Straka von Nedabylic and Libčan . In 1714 Anton Freiherr von Gastheim acquired the Herálec rule with Humpolec; In 1717 he sold it on Christmas Eve for 240,000 guilders to Ernst Augustin von Metternich (1694–1720). After the sudden death of the childless Count Metternich, the inheritance of his sister Eleonore Christine fell. Countess von Regal too. In 1726 she had a mighty contribution granary built on the hill north of the village. On June 24, 1728 she sold the rule for 240,000 guilders to Maximilian Freiherr von Deblin. In 1750 Franz Wilhelm Anton von Schellard zu Obbendorf was the owner of the Herálec dominions and the Pollerskirchen and Scheibeldorf estates . On January 8, 1753, the heavily indebted Herálec rule was foreclosed for 160,000 guilders. The new owner was Jakob Benedikt von Neffzern, who had bid 79,332 guilders for the Herálec estate and 79,505 guilders for the Humpolec estate. In 1755 he had a chaplain appointed to the palace, who also held the office of local pastor of Herálec. The local church of St. Bartholomew was elevated to a parish church in 1771. In 1780 a large fire destroyed 26 houses and the church. In 1785 the village consisted of 63 houses and had 505 inhabitants. On March 18, 1800, Emperor Franz II granted Herálec the privilege to hold three annual markets. On August 30, 1804, the barons von Neffzern sold the rule for 480,000 guilders to Franz von Wolkenstein-Trostburg . In 1807 he granted the town of Humpolec the privilege of self-government by a magistrate. During the Napoleonic Wars , the contribution store was used as a military hospital in 1805, 1809 and 1813, which led to the outbreak of a typhus epidemic . Johann Ernst von Wolkenstein-Trostburg, who had owned the estate since 1814, gave it to Karoline von Wolkenstein-Trostburg, née Esterházy , in 1816 . This sold the rule on June 15, 1817 to the widow Theresia von Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg , née Nádasdy (1771-1845). In 1837 she freed the town of Humpolec from subordination. On November 16, 1838, Theresa sold the rule to her son Johann Nepomuk von Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg (1804–1846). Thereafter, his daughter Gabriele (1840–1923), who married Ludwig zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1823–1866) in 1857 and Ladislaus von Thun and Hohenstein (1835–1887) in 1857, inherited the rule.
The Heraletz rule, located in the Caslauer Kreis , comprised a usable area of 9665 yoke 827 square fathoms in 1840. The forests belonging to the estate with an area of 2578 yoke 1150 square fathoms were managed by three forest districts in Brandsoudow, Kamenitz and Roskosch. The lordship maintained six farms in Bonkow , Brandsoudow, Duby, Heraletz, Hniewkowitz and Kojetschin ( Koječín ), which with the exception of Duby also included sheep farms; the Humpoletz and the Swietlitzer Hof were emphyteutized . In the area lived in the Heraletz market , the villages of Bonkow, Kojetschin, Radniow , Pawlow ( Pavlov u Herálce ), Skorkau , Slawnitsch and Kamenitz ( Kamenice ) and the villages of the Humpoletz Estate - Čegow , Swietlitz ( Světlice ), Roskosch ( Rozkoš ), Wilhelmau ( Vilémov ), Plačkow ( Plačkov ), Duby ( Dubí ), Mikulassow ( Mikulášov ) and Hniewkowitz ( Hněvkovice ) - a total of 2,726 Czech-speaking people, including four Protestant (AB) and two Jewish families. The protective town of Humpoletz with 3943 inhabitants is not included . The main source of income was agriculture. The Heraletz market consisted of 106 houses in which 966 people, including four Protestant and one Jewish family lived, and was the seat of the lordly upper office. The parish church of St. Bartholomew, the parish and the school. In the place there was an official castle with a house chapel of St. Michael, a stately farm with a sheep farm, a stately potash boiler and an inn. The Nohawitz Mill ( Nohavický Mlýn ) with an oil pounder and the stately fish house ( Rybárna ) were situated apart . In addition to the three annual markets , a weekly market was also held in Heraletz . Heraletz was the parish for Bonkow, Kojetschin, Radniow, Pavlov, Skorkau and Slavnich. Until the middle of the 19th century, Heraletz remained the place of office of the rule of the same name.
After the abolition of patrimonial Herálec formed from 1849 with the district Boňkov a market town in the judicial district of Humpoletz . In 1851 the road to Skála was built . In the cholera outbreak of 1866, 83 people died within 44 days. From 1868 the market belonged to the Deutschbrod district . In 1869 Herálec had 997 inhabitants and consisted of 110 houses. In 1883 Gabriele von Thun and Hohenstein sold the Herálec manor to the inspector of the Northwest Railway Gustav Robert Groß . After the death of Hofrat Groß, his son Gustav Groß sold the Herálec manor in 1893 to the married couple Friedrich Leopold and Anna Milner. On February 15, 1893, Boňkov broke away from Herálec and formed its own community. In 1900 there were 941 people in Herálec, in 1910 there were 921. On July 1, 1910, the municipality became part of the newly established Humpoletz district . From 1914 the castle belonged to Herálec Milner's daughter Maria Theresia and her husband Rudolf Fügner, a mine owner from Northern Bohemia. In 1930 Herálec had 883 inhabitants and consisted of 153 houses. At the end of the Second World War, the Fügner family fled Bohemia from the approaching Red Army . In the course of the territorial reform of 1960 and the abolition of the Okres Humpolec, the municipality was assigned to the Okres Havlíčkův Brod . In 1961 Boňkov and Koječín were incorporated. In 1974 Mikulášov, Pavlov u Herálce and Slavníč were incorporated, the following year Skorkov and in 1976 finally Kamenice and Zdislavice (with Dubí). Skorkov and Slavníč broke away from Herálec on November 24, 1990 and formed their own communities. At the beginning of 1992 Boňkov also became independent again. In the 2001 census there were 1,100 people in the 489 houses in the municipality, 58 of them in Dubí (21 houses), 609 in Herálec (231 houses), 123 in Kamenice (85 houses), 83 in Koječín (37 houses), 38 in Mikulášov (23 houses), 118 in Pavlov u Herálce (50 houses) and 71 in Zdislavice (42 houses).
Community structure
The Herálec municipality consists of the districts Dubí ( Duby ), Herálec ( Heraletz ), Kamenice ( Kamenitz ), Koječín ( Kojetschin ), Mikulášov ( Mikulaschow ), Pavlov u Herálce ( Pawlow ) and Zdislavice ( Zdislawitz ). Basic settlement units are Dubí, Herálec, Herálec-u nádraží, Kamenice, Koječín, Mikulášov, Pavlov u Herálce, Splav ( Splaw ) and Zdislavice. Herálec also includes the residential areas Cihelna, Myslivna, Nohavický Mlýn, Půlník, Rybárna, Satrapa, V Požářích, U Honzlů, U Kulíků, U Miksů, U Palánů, U Šidláků and Ulrichův Mlýn.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Dubí, Herálec, Kamenice u Herálce, Koječín, Mikulášov, Pavlov u Herálce and Zdislavice u Herálce.
Attractions
- Herálec Castle, built 1658–1661 for Philipp Adam zu Solms-Lich as a baroque castle; Johann Nepomuk von Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg had the castle redesigned in the neo-Gothic style in 1838 . In 1945 the castle was confiscated as enemy property, as the fled owner Rudolf Fügner had taken on German citizenship during the occupation. The Red Army occupied the castle from May to September 1945, when it was plundered and devastated. After that it was first used as a political school and later as a boarding school. After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the castle was privatized and today it houses the Hotel Chateau Herálec. The three-winged building with two corner towers is surrounded by an English park. On the first floor there is the former castle chapel of St. Anna.
- Neo-Gothic Church of St. Bartholomäus, it has been documented since the 13th century and was originally a fortified church of the Teutonic Order. In 1654, 1780 and 1873 it was destroyed in fires. The current building was built between 1877 and 1880 according to plans by the architect Bedřich Wachsmann. The tombs of Philipp Adam zu Solms-Lich and Jakob Benedikt von Neffzern are in the church.
- Baroque contribution warehouse on the hill between Boňkov and Herálec, built in 1726 for the Countess von Regal. Gerald's Ordensburg could possibly have stood at the location of the storage facility and its remains were used for the construction of the storage facility.
- Statue of St. Florian in the market
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk at the castle
- Kamenice Railway Museum
- Western town of Stone Town near Kamenice
Sons and daughters of the church
- Adolf Kosárek (1830-1859), landscape painter
- Antonín Bláha (1882–1972), the violinist emigrated to the USA in 1903 and became a member of the Philadelphia Orchestra , later the San Francisco Symphony . His grandson is the astronaut John E. Blaha .
- Jan Zábrana (1931–1984), writer, poet and translator
literature
- Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 552
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/568678/Heralec
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 11: Caslauer Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1843, pp. 130-137.
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 11: Caslauer Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1843, p. 134.
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/568678/Obec-Heralec
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/568678/Obec-Heralec
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/568678/Obec-Heralec