List of stumbling blocks in Hamburg-Bergedorf

In the list of stumbling blocks in Hamburg-Bergedorf , the stumbling blocks made and laid by the artist Gunter Demnig are recorded with biographical information about the Bergedorf victims of National Socialism. The stumbling blocks, which are mostly embedded in the sidewalks, are reminiscent of 30 people who were taken into “ protective custody ”, deported , murdered or driven to suicide during the Nazi era . This is to resistance fighters , victims of the Holocaust , victims of Nazi medical murders , a manufacturer and 1931 by SA househusbands murdered citizenship deputies Ernst Henning .

Controversy about the Bergedorf stumbling blocks

At the beginning of 2003, the Bergedorf district delegate Christel Oldenburg (SPD) applied for the laying of stumbling blocks at the Bergedorf district assembly. However, this was rejected by the members of the CDU and mainly their coalition partner, the Schill Party , initially on the grounds that it was unworthy to "let the boards in sidewalks and trample on them". Frank-Michael Bauer , the leader of the Schill party, denied that he had claimed that there were too many memorials anyway, but renewed his opinion that the stumbling blocks were nothing more than a “clever business idea from the artist”. The controversy culminated in the fact that the SPD district member Ties Rabe declared that a decision against Stolpersteine in view of the past marches by right-wing extremists would continue to damage Bergedorf's image.

The district assembly then decided that the laying of stumbling blocks was permissible, but that it was subject to the consent of the homeowner. After Gunter Demnig had laid the first stumbling blocks on July 2, 2003, there was again a controversy about two stumbling blocks that the homeowners had not agreed to. On July 4, 2003, this led to a request from the GAL MP Dorothee Freudenberg in the Hamburg Parliament with the aim of repealing the regulation that only exists in Bergedorf.

By 2012, 21 stumbling blocks had been laid in Bergedorf. In 2012, the Bergedorfer Zeitung recalled in a review the “inglorious palsy” of the CDU and the Schill party, but incorrectly criticized the fact that the 2011 publication by Ulrike Sparr and Björn Eggert did not mention this controversy.

In August 2013, Gunter Demnig laid another eight stumbling blocks in Bergedorf and Lohbrügge , primarily for victims of National Socialist child euthanasia .

list

f1 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

The following list is arranged alphabetically according to the streets where the stumbling blocks are laid and according to the following criteria:

Address : Today's street name and house number of the building in front of which the stumbling blocks were laid
Name : Name of the Nazi victim
Life : short biography
Year : year of the laying of the stumbling block
Pictures : Photos of the stumbling blocks and the buildings in front of which the stumbling blocks are laid

address	Surname	Life	year	photos
Old Holstenstrasse 61	Ernst Tichauer	Ernst Siegfried Tichauer (born October 8, 1888 in Thorn , West Prussia ; † 1943 ?) Was a Jewish dentist with a doctorate. His wife assisted in his practice on Holstenstrasse. The fate of the couple during the National Socialism is exemplary of the systematic racist defamation, exclusion and persecution of German Jewish fellow citizens. At the beginning of 1933 NSDAP members put a sign at Tichauer's office: “Whoever goes to the Jew…”. In 1935, the couple joined the Jewish community to protest the harassment . After the November pogroms in 1938 , Tichauer was forced to sell his house at half price, and in 1939 his license to practice medicine was revoked. In February 1939 he and his wife were forced to move into a “ Jewish house ” in Hamburg-Harvestehude . From September 1941, the couple had to wear the Jewish star. On November 8, 1941, the couple were deported to the Minsk ghetto . One last sign of life dates back to 1943. In a report on shooting operations on April 13, 1943 near Minsk , he and his wife were forced to break the gold teeth and seals off the prisoners before they were murdered. In this report he was referred to as a "German former dentist" with the defamatory surname I. (Israel) and his wife as Elisa Sara. The couple was probably murdered following the shooting. Shortly before the liberation of Hamburg, the Dental Association destroyed all documents about the excluded Jewish doctors in early 1945. The Ernst Tichauer-Weg in the Bergedorf district of Neuallermöhe is named after Ernst Tichauer .	2003	Stumbling blocks for Ernst and Ellie Tichauer Residence of Ernst and Ellie Tichauer
Old Holstenstrasse 61	Ellie Tichauer	Ellie Tichauer (born November 6, 1887 in Berlin , née Rosenthal; † 1943?) Was the daughter of a Berlin commercial councilor . Since her marriage to Ernst Tichauer on February 10, 1917, she assisted in his practice in Bergedorf. The marriage resulted in a son and a daughter who were sent to England as minors on a Kindertransport in 1939 and thus escaped the Holocaust. Ellie Tichauer's further fate is described by Ernst Tichauer.	2003	Stumbling block for Ellie Tichauer
August-Bebel-Strasse 1	Mary Dobrzinsky	Mary Dobrzinsky (born October 1, 1880 in Bergedorf, born Simon) was deported to Theresienstadt on July 20, 1942 with Transport VI / 2 . Her further fate is unknown. Further information is missing.	2003	Stumbling block for Mary Dobrzinsky August-Bebel-Strasse, where Mary Dobrzinsky lived
August-Bebel-Strasse 103	Claus Beeck	Claus Beeck (born January 28, 1940 in Bergedorf, † 1944 in Idstein ) was a victim of the National Socialist child euthanasia . Claus Beeck, who suffered from mild hydrocephalus and was retarded in his physical and mental development, was admitted to the Alsterdorf Asylums in May 1941 at the age of one . An entry in his medical record indicated that there had been progress in his development. Nevertheless, after the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 ( Operation Gomorrah ), he was brought to the Rheingau on August 7, 1943 with another 127 men and boys and taken to the Kalmenhof Sanatorium in Idstein together with 51 boys . He was murdered there in 1943 or 1944.	2013	Stumbling block for Claus Beeck The buildings in which Claus Beeck and Margot Fischbeck lived
August-Bebel-Strasse 105	Margot Fischbeck	Margot Fischbeck (born March 17, 1935 in Bergedorf; † November 7 or 11, 1943 in Vienna ) was a victim of the National Socialist child euthanasia. She was admitted to the Alsterdorfer Asylum in 1940 at the age of five. After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 (Operation Gomorrah), she and 227 other patients, including five Bergedorf women, were taken to the Steinhof sanatorium and nursing home in Vienna with the attached Spiegelgrund killing center and murdered there in November 1943. Her brain was removed and later found under the brain preparations in the Spiegelgrund.	2013	Stumbling block for Margot Fischbeck
Chrysanderstrasse 33	Marie Burke b. Sponagel	Marie Burke, born in 1898, was admitted to the Farmsen care home in 1939. On November 2, 1943, she was “transferred” to the Meseritz-Obrawalde sanatorium , where she was murdered that same month. Further biographical information is not yet available.	2018	Stumbling block for Marie Burke
Ernst-Mantius-Strasse 5	Hugo Rosendorff	The five relocated stumbling blocks are reminiscent of the Jewish family of pharmacists Rosendorff, who were murdered by the National Socialists . Hugo Rosendorff (born April 18, 1880 in Wronke ( Posen ), † probably July 7, 1944 in the Auschwitz extermination camp ) was a licensed pharmacist. Since 1912 he ran a drugstore in Bergedorf at what is now the Sachsentor . After returning from the First World War , in which he had participated as a pharmacist, he and his family moved to Ernst-Mantius-Strasse in 1918. After the Reichstag election in March 1933 , the Bergedorf NSDAP called on April 1 for a boycott of Jewish shops and practices . As a result, and under pressure from the Association of Druggists, Rosendorff gave up the profitable drugstore at Sachsentor in 1933/1934 and opened a smaller shop on a side street. Because of the worsening economic situation, the family moved into various smaller apartments, most recently they lived in a " Jewish house " in Hamburg-Eimsbüttel . After the November pogroms in 1938 , all Jews were forbidden from continuing to work independently. Rosendorf had to sell the home furnishings and the remaining goods from his drugstore at a loss and was already considered a "social case" by the Hamburg Jewish community in 1939 . Since 1940 he had to do forced labor. In July 1942 he was taken to the Theresienstadt concentration camp with his wife Hertha, who was in need of care , where she died. On May 15, 1944, he was deported to Auschwitz. One last sign of life dates back to May 20, 1944. On July 7, 1944, he was murdered in Auschwitz at the age of 64 . Only two children of Hugo and Hertha Rosendorff were able to emigrate.	2003	Stumbling blocks for the murdered Rosendorff / Meier family Entrance of the Rosendorff / Meier residence with stumbling blocks
Ernst-Mantius-Strasse 5	Hertha Rosendorff	Hertha Rosendorff, (born March 20, 1882 in Hamburg , born Hirschel; † October 7, 1942 in Theresienstadt ) was Hugo Rosendorff's wife and mother of three children. She came from a Jewish family in Hamburg Neustadt , near the Großneumarkt . Around 1909 she took over a manufactured goods store from her father and lived with her husband in a tenement house that belonged to her father. After Hugo Rosendorff took over the Bergedorfer drugstore, she continued to run the business during the First World War, as did the Bergedorfer drugstore until her husband returned. Her later fate is described by Hugo Rosendorff.	2003	Stumbling block for Hertha Rosendorf
Ernst-Mantius-Strasse 5	Inge Meier	Inge Meier (born September 27, 1917 in Hamburg , † after 1941 near Minsk ) was a daughter of Hugo Rosendorff. She and her one-year-old son were deported to the Minsk ghetto on November 18, 1941 . Then their tracks are lost. Either she was murdered as part of a shooting operation or she survived until September 1943, when the last remaining Jews were deported to Baranowitsch and murdered in a gas truck .	2003	Stumbling block for Inge Meier
Ernst-Mantius-Strasse 5	Henry Meier	Henry Meier (born May 15, 1915 in Hamburg, † after 1941 near Minsk ), was born ten days before his wife Inge, b. Rosendorff, deported to the Minsk ghetto on November 8, 1941, where he was murdered in 1942 or 1943.	2003	Stumbling block for Henry Meier
Ernst-Mantius-Strasse 5	Bela Meier	Bela Meier (born March 21, 1940 in Hamburg, † after 1941 near Minsk ) was the son of Henry and Inge Meier, b. Rosendorff. As a toddler, he was deported to Minsk with his mother in November 1941.	2003	Stumbling block for Bela Meier
Harders Kamp 1, Lohbrugge	Inge Hardekop	Inge Hardekop (born May 13, 1925 , † November 29, 1944 in Vienna ) was a victim of the National Socialist euthanasia crimes. In 1940, at the age of 15, she was admitted to the Alsterdorf institutions. After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 (Operation Gomorrah), she and 227 other patients, including five Bergedorf women, were taken to the Steinhof sanatorium in Vienna with the Spiegelgrund killing facility attached . There she died on November 29, 1944, at the age of 19, allegedly of phlebitis with thrombosis and pneumonia, but according to the autopsy report of reportable pulmonary tuberculosis . The Stolperstein could not be laid in August 2013 due to a construction site, but was set into the ground after the construction work was completed at the end of 2013.	2013	Stumbling block for Inge Hardekop Laying the stumbling block for Inge Hardekop
Hassestrasse 11	Ernst Henning	Ernst Robert Henning (born October 22, 1892 in Magdeburg , † March 14, 1931 in Hamburg ) is an early victim of National Socialism. After graduating from high school and an apprenticeship, he first worked as a moulder in his father's iron foundry. As a staunch communist , he took part in the Hamburg uprising in 1923 . After fleeing to the Netherlands, he was arrested in 1924 and sentenced to four years imprisonment. After his parole, he was since 1927 citizenship deputy and as a functionary in Rotfrontkämpferbund operates. On the way back from a KPD event in Kirchwerder , where he had given a speech on behalf of his party comrade Etkar André , he was attacked and shot on the bus by three SA men on March 14, 1931. In the murder trial, the perpetrators were sentenced to seven and six years in prison, respectively, but were pardoned and released by the National Socialists on March 9, 1933, four days after the Reichstag election . A street in the Hamburg district of Bergedorf is named after Ernst Henning.	2003	Stumbling block for Ernst Henning Residence of Ernst Henning
Heckkatenweg 2	Blanca Mansfeldt	Blanca Mansfeldt (born May 31, 1880, born in Löwenstein; † October 1944 in the Auschwitz extermination camp ) was the widow of Gustav Mansfeldt, who probably died in the First World War. The couple had five children, including their daughter Erika, who, like her mother, was a victim of the Holocaust. From 1915 Blanca Mansfeldt worked for AOK Stormarn . In 1933 she was retired and her salary was cut by 50 RM . She lived with her unmarried daughter Erika in the house at Heckkatenweg 2 on the first floor before they were forced to move to the Jewish quarter on Grindel . In the following years she and her daughter were sent to various “ Jewish houses ”. On March 24, 1943, both women were deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp , where they met their daughter-in-law, or sister-in-law Lotte Mansfeldt, née. Posner, and their five-year-old daughter Bela met again. After Lotte Mansfeldt died on April 16, 1943, the two women looked after the child. On October 13, 1944, Blanca Mansfeldt was deported to Auschwitz and murdered there. Only ten days later, on October 23, 1944, Erika Mansfeldt was also deported to Auschwitz together with her niece. Both women and the child, along with Walter Rudolphi, who was also transported from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz on October 23, were among the last victims of the Holocaust to be gassed in Auschwitz-Birkenau . The day of her death is most likely October 30, 1944.	2003	Stumbling blocks for Blanca and Erika Mansfeldt Residence of Blanca and Erika Mansfeldt
Heckkatenweg 2	Erika Mansfeldt	Erika Mansfeldt (born March 31, 1903 , † October 1944 in the Auschwitz extermination camp ) was an unmarried daughter of Gustav and Blanca Mansfeldt. Before 1933 she had worked as an office clerk at the Hamburg auditing and trust company. After she lost her job as a Jew, she was employed by the Jewish community until she was deported . Her further fate is described with her mother.	2003	Stumbling block for Erika Mansfeld
Heinrich-Heine-Weg 33	Margarethe Käti Schultze	Margarethe Käti Schultze (born January 19, 1921 in Bergedorf ; † June 24, 1944 in Vienna ) was a victim of the National Socialist crimes of euthanasia. After being briefed for the first time on November 11, 1931, she was finally admitted to the Alsterdorf Institutions because of tuberous sclerosis . After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 (Operation Gomorrah), she and 227 other patients, including five Bergedorf women, were taken to the Steinhof sanatorium in Vienna with the Spiegelgrund killing facility attached . Since she was illiterate and there was no news about her condition, her father Richard Schultze asked about his daughter's health and learned in mid-April 1944 that she was suffering from peritonitis . On March 22nd, however, the prison management had already filled out registration form 1 of the Berlin euthanasia center with the following diagnosis: " Imbecility , epilepsy ". In addition, the prison management reported the following symptoms: "answers stammering and grinning, speaks quite incomprehensibly and slurred, disordered, intelligence questions poor, disoriented." On May 24th, the young woman was transferred to the attached nursing home. On the morning of June 24, 1944, she died of intestinal inflammation, according to the doctors. In the autopsy her brain was removed and placed in a formalin preserved . However, your brain was not found in the brain collection in Spiegelgrund that became known in the 1990s.	2013	Stumbling block for Margarethe Käti Schultze Part of house 33
Hermann-Distel-Strasse 34	Ida castle	Ida Burg (born October 28, 1864 in Hainholz near Hanover, born Seeligmann; † February 26, 1942 in Hamburg ) came from an upper-class Jewish family and originally wanted to be a concert pianist. After getting to know Fritz Jakob Burg , she married on April 10, 1886 and had two sons with him. Her husband Fritz Burg had been the “secretaire of the city library” in Hamburg since 1892. In February 1919, Burg, who had meanwhile been a professor and senior librarian, bought a villa in Bergedorfer Bismarckstrasse, today's Hermann-Distel-Strasse. He died in 1928 at the age of 68. In 1935 one of her sons and his wife fled from the National Socialists to Copenhagen, the other son emigrated to the USA in 1938. In December 1937 Ida Burg's passport was withdrawn, and in 1939 she had to hand over her gold and silver valuables to a state purchasing office. The villa was in 1938 for a " blocking period " to that of Karl Kaufmann assumed founded "Hamburger Property Management 1938 GmbH", a company for the expropriation of Jewish fellow citizens , so that they could no longer using their property. In 1939 an NSDAP member was quartered on the ground floor. Ida Burg “was allowed” to stay on the upper floor. Since September 19, 1941, she had to wear the Jewish star. With the eleventh ordinance to the Reich Citizenship Act of November 25, 1941, Ida Burg's entire fortune fell to the Nazi state. Her sub-tenant purposefully took over the house and got her to grant him the right of first refusal in a notarized contract on December 1st. After the Gestapo threatened her with forced admission to a Jewish home because of a radio that had not been delivered, she saw no way out and attempted suicide on February 22, 1942 using veronal tablets. She died on February 26, 1942 in the Israelite Hospital in Hamburg without regaining consciousness.	2003	Stumbling block for Ida Burg Residence of Ida Burg
Heysestrasse 5	Hans Stoll	Hans Stoll (born February 3, 1912 in Lohbrügge-Sande , † April 1940 off the Swedish coast) was a trained banker. As a member of the resistance, he ran an illegal socialist printing company in an apartment building in what was then Beethovenstrasse (now Heysestrasse 5) in the family's apartment from March to August 1933, together with his brother Richard, as well as Michael and Hermann Pritzl, Walter Becker and Anni Bartels Labor Party (SAP). After a denunciation, his brother was arrested by the Gestapo on August 27th . He himself was able to escape and with the help of party members fled to Copenhagen, where it was among the emigrants, u. a. political disputes also occurred with the then SAP member Willy Brandt . After the occupation of Denmark on April 9, 1940 and the arrest of Hermann Pritzl on April 19, Hans Stoll (not as stated on the Stolperstein, on April 9) was to be smuggled to Sweden with four other emigrants in a fishing boat. The circumstances of death are unclear. He probably drowned off the Swedish coast. A street in the Bergedorf district of Neuallermöhe is named after Hans Stoll.	2003	Stumbling block Hans Stoll Entrance of Hans Stoll's residence with a plaque commemorating the illegal printing company of SAP
Behind the ditch 11	Max Anton Schlichting	Max Anton Schlichting (born February 8, 1907 in Bergedorf; † March 24, 1945 in Dreibergen prison ) was a member of the KPD from 1930 to 1931. In 1939 he was arrested but released on suspicion of distributing communist leaflets in Hamburg. In 1941 he was sentenced to two months' imprisonment for “violating compulsory public service”. On June 7, 1944, the day after the Allies landed in Normandy , he was noticed during a raid on Großneumarkt when the Gestapo secretary Henry Helms and the informer Alfons Pannek tried to arrest a member of the Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen resistance group . After Schlichting had stated in a urinal that the Germans would never win the war, he was taken to the Hütten police prison for “ decomposing military strength ” , then to the Fuhlsbüttel police prison as a “ protective prisoner ” and then to the Hamburg UG . On January 16, 1945, despite the lack of evidence, he was sentenced to death for “favoring the enemy and publicly undermining military strength”. After unsuccessful requests for clemency, he was beheaded on March 24, 1945 in the Bützow-Dreibergen prison. How far he belonged to the organized resistance or was more of a loner has not been conclusively clarified.	2003	Stumbling block for Max Anton Schlichting The current building at Hinterm Graben 11
Hude 1	Hugo Stoltze	Hugo Stoltze (born November 25, 1937 in Hamburg; † October 12, 1943) was a victim of the National Socialist child euthanasia. As a toddler he was neglected by his mother and suffered from malnutrition and rickets . Hugo, who had lagged behind in intellectual development by one or two years, was described as "mentally abnormal" in a report by the youth welfare office after being placed in several children's homes. On September 8, 1941, at the age of just under four, he was admitted to the Alsterdorfer Asylums. After the heavy bombing raids in July / August 1943, he was taken to the Eichberg sanatorium in Eltville am Rhein on August 7, 1943 , where he died on October 12, 1943.	2013	Stumbling block for Hugo Stoltze Laying point of the stumbling block for Hugo Stoltze Hude 2
Lohbrügger Weg 21, Lohbrügge	Hamfried Rimek	Hamfried Heinrich Theodor Rimek (born July 30, 1896 in Ottensen , † October 13, 1945 in Lohbrügge ) came from a family of glassmakers who moved to Bergedorf in 1901. The trained glassblower had been a member of the SPD and the free trade unions since 1914. During his military service in World War I, he fell ill with malaria and has had serious health problems ever since. He had been married since 1922 and had six children. After the Hamburg uprising in October 1923, people gathered in front of the Church of St. Petri and Pauli , and Rimek was arrested, but released on November 2nd for lack of evidence. During the Nazi era , he was interrogated by the Gestapo for the first time in 1941 for listening to hostile radio broadcasts. After his re-imprisonment on January 13, 1944, the Hanseatic Special Court sentenced him to five years in prison on May 9 for listening to hostile radio broadcasts and the associated violation of the Broadcasting Act , as well as for his Marxist attitude and political past. Due to his poor health, Rimek spent most of the time until his release by the Allies on May 19, 1945 in the hospital of the Fuhlsbüttel prison . Rimek, who had suffered a serious heart condition during his imprisonment, died on October 13, 1945 in his apartment on Lohbrügger Weg as a result of the consequences of his imprisonment. His name is on the memorial stelae in the field of honor of Hamburg resistance fighters in the Ohlsdorf cemetery . He was recognized as a politically persecuted person by the Working Group of Persecuted Social Democrats .	2013	Stumbling block for Hamfried Rimek Hamfried Rimek's residence
Pfingstberg 6	Walter Rudolphi	Walter Rudolphi (born May 27, 1880 in Hamburg; † October 30, 1944 in the Auschwitz extermination camp ) is a victim of the Holocaust. After studying law, which he completed in 1902 with a doctorate on differential business, he was local judge from 1910, from 1925 senior magistrate in Bergedorf, from 1926 senior judge at the criminal division of the Hanseatic Higher Regional Court . In 1933 he was dismissed due to the racist " Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service ". In January 1937 he moved from Bergedorf to Hamburg. Since 1939 he was a member of the board of the Hamburg “ Jewish Religious Association ”, which was monitored by the Gestapo. Since he had a car as a public official, he helped various inmates in the Hütten police prison by providing them with food and medicine. Until his arrest and deportation, he lived in a so-called "Jewish house". On July 2, 1942, he was arrested and taken to the Fuhlsbüttel police prison for alleged sabotage (he had bought a box of cauliflower from a greengrocer for the Israelite hospital), but was temporarily released on July 10. Four days later he married his second wife Gerda to avoid deportation to Auschwitz. On July 15, 1942, the couple were deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp. From Theresienstadt, Rudolphi was taken to Auschwitz on October 23, 1944, together with his wife, where he was murdered on October 30, 1944. In 1995 a street in the Neuallermöhe district of Bergedorf was named after Walter Rudolphi.	2003	Stumbling block for Walter Rudolphi Residence of Walter Rudolphi
Püttenhorst 82	Meta Emma Anna Lübkemann	Meta Emma Anna Lübkemann (born in 1902 ; born Böttcher) was the mother of six children. After her eldest son, born out of wedlock, deserted as a Wehrmacht soldier , she had to suffer several house searches and interrogations by the Gestapo. On May 17, 1944, she was admitted to the Langenhorn (Ochsenzoll) sanatorium, where she died on July 9, 1944 as part of the National Socialist euthanasia crimes . Allegedly she died of exhaustion.	2003	Stumbling block for Meta Lübkemann Meta Lübkemann's residence
Rothenhauschaussee 217	Ferdinand Buhk	Ferdinand Buhk (born November 2, 1909 in Besenhorst , Lüneburg district, † September 14, 1934 in the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp ) was a member of the Communist Youth Association of Germany (KJVD) and resistance fighter. After the transfer of power to the National Socialists , he initially continued to work illegally in the KJVD. On March 26, 1933, he and other members of the Gojenberg resistance group were arrested after they had written slogans such as: "Hitler means war" or "Heil Moscow" on house walls and streets. Most of the group's members were released in April 1933. The trial of Buhk for "preparation for high treason" was discontinued at the end of May 1933. After being denounced, he was arrested again on September 13, 1934. During interrogation in the town hall , he was severely mistreated and sent to the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp in the evening. He was found dead in his cell at 8:00 am on the morning of April 14th. The circumstances of death are unclear. Allegedly, although he was tied up, he hanged himself with a handkerchief on the hook of the air vent.	2003	Stumbling block for Ferdinand Buhk Residence of Ferdinand Buhk
Sachsentor 38	Naftali Lewensohn	Naftali Lewensohn (Löwensohn) (born March 30, 1886 in Bergedorf; † 1943?) Already called himself Theodor during his medical studies. He was born in 1919 as Dr. med. PhD with a thesis on war neuroses. From 1919 he ran a practice for skin and sexually transmitted diseases. His mental illness ( progressive paralysis ) caused by syphilis began around 1923 , and he was admitted to various mental hospitals; from 1933 he was in the Langenhorn mental hospital. As a so-called “non-Aryan” he had to leave the institution in 1940 and was referred to the Jewish community school in Altona. Until his deportation to the Minsk ghetto on November 8, 1941, he lived in a so-called "Jewish house". Nothing is known about the circumstances of his death. What is certain is that the last Jews from Hamburg were murdered in Minsk on May 8, 1943.	2003	Stumbling blocks for Naftali Lewensohn and Irma Friedländer Birthplace of Naftali Lewensohn and Irma Friedländer
Sachsentor 38	Irma Friedländer	Irma Friedländer (born June 13, 1889 in Bergedorf, born Lewensohn; † 1942 in the Chełmno extermination camp , had been married to the lawyer Herbert Friedländer, who was still able to emigrate, but died in exile in 1942. On November 8, 1941, she was transferred to the Lodz ghetto She was one of the victims who were deported to the Chełmno extermination camp on March 15, 1942 as part of the so-called “evacuation” of the elderly, the sick and, most recently, even the children who were unable to work, and who were gassed there.	2003	Stumbling block for Irma Friedländer
Sachsentor 48	Ilse Betty Maria Dahl	Ilse Betty Maria Dahl (born July 21, 1922 in Sande , Stormarn district , † June 24, 1944 in Vienna ) was a victim of the National Socialist crimes of euthanasia. She was born out of wedlock and initially grew up with her mother, who lived in Bergedorf. On February 2, 1930, at the age of 8, she was admitted to the Alsterdorfer Asylum seekers because of her intellectual disability. After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 (Operation Gomorrah), on August 16, 1943, she and 227 other patients, including five Bergedorf women, were taken to the Steinhof sanatorium and nursing home in Vienna with the associated killing center “Spiegelgrund”. Ilse Betty Maria Dahl, who suffered from underweight all her life, recently had a body weight of 26 kg due to insufficient nutrition. Tuberculosis was given as the official cause of death .	2013	Stumbling block for Ilse Betty Maria Dahl Residence of Ilse Betty Maria Dahl
Soltaustraße 12	Carl Boldt	Carl Hans Rudolph Boldt (born February 3, 1887 in Vorderhagen in Mecklenburg; † on the Cap Arcona on May 3, 1945) belonged to the communist resistance. He had worked as a machinist in the Bergedorf ironworks for several years . In the period from 1927 to 1930 he was a member of the Bergedorf citizens' council. In the spring of 1933 he was sent to the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp, but was released a few months later. He then worked as a top heater at Dynamit AG in Krümmel and operated a can sealing machine as a sideline. After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July 1943 and statements critical of the system to an NSDAP functionary, he was denounced by him. Boldt was sent to Neuengamme concentration camp without conviction , where he operated the control panel of the clinker factory. When the concentration camp was “cleared” at the end of April 1945, he and other prisoners were transported away and taken to the “Cap Arcona” in Neustädter Bucht . During the British air raid on the ship on May 5, 1945, he was killed along with most of the prisoners. In 1949, Ellernweg, where Boldt lived, was renamed Boldtstraße in his honor. The stumbling block is not in front of Boldt's last home address.	2003	Stumbling block for Carl Boldt Carl Boldt's residence
Weidenbaumsweg 21A	Max Armbruster	Max Armbruster (* 1900 in Lahr / Black Forest ); † 1936 ) founded a company in Bergedorf in 1909, in which handcrafted candy boxes and luxury cardboard boxes for chocolates were produced. The company flourished in the Weimar Republic , and Armbruster exported its artistically designed luxury packaging to America. His customers included a. Stollwerck , Sarotti and Tobler . According to Heinz Schmidt-Bachem , he saw National Socialism with the propagated blood and soil art "the end of his entrepreneurial independence, his creative freedom and the end of his personal identity, so that he committed suicide in 1936 at the age of 50." According to others Armbruster was previously imprisoned. Despite his suicide, the company was continued under Armbruster's name. Soviet female forced laborers were used there during World War II .	2003	Stumbling block for Max Armbruster Laying of the Stolperstein for Max Armbruster between the current houses 17-19 on Weidenbaumsweg
Weidenbaumsweg 116	Frieda Fiebiger	Frieda Fiebiger (born June 8, 1912 in Bergedorf; † June 10, 1945 in Vienna ) was a victim of the National Socialist euthanasia crimes. Because of her handicap as a result of spastic paralysis , she was admitted to the Alsterdorf Asylums in 1925 at the age of 13 . Although she had difficulty speaking and could not walk, she did not suffer from any intellectual disabilities. After the heavy bombing raids on Hamburg in July / August 1943 (Operation Gomorrah), on August 16, 1943, she and 227 other patients, including five Bergedorf women, were taken to the Steinhof sanatorium and nursing home in Vienna with the attached Spiegelgrund killing center. At the end of 1944 she secretly wrote a letter to a nurse from the Alsterdorfer Anstalten, which she addressed as "Aunt Alwine". In it she described the inhumane housing in house 21, the inadequate nutrition and the fact that the disabled children were forced to work. Frieda Fiebiger died two months after the liberation of Vienna on June 10, 1945 "in a completely exhausted condition" in the Steinhof. In March 1946, Frieda's mother inquired of Pastor Friedrich Lensch , pastor Friedrich Lensch, the former head of the Alsterdorfer Anstalten, who had been burdened by Nazism, about her daughter's whereabouts and what was going on. After the latter had claimed that she was probably doing well in Vienna, the mother received a letter from the Am Steinhof institution in June 1946 with the news of Frieda's death.	2013	Stumbling block for Frieda Fiebiger Frieda Fiebiger's residence

literature

Ulrike Sparr , Björn Eggert (Ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 23–79

Web links

Commons : Stolpersteine in Hamburg-Bergedorf - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Stumbling blocks in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education Hamburg ; Overview Bergedorf with forwarding to the biographies

Individual evidence

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg-Bergedorf overview with further links .

↑ Quote Karsten Broockmann: What's that supposed to mean? Bergedorf fights over stumbling blocks . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Hamburger Abendblatt , February 5, 2003@1@ 2

↑ Quote from What is that supposed to be? Bergedorf fights over stumbling blocks . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Hamburger Abendblatt , February 5, 2003@1@ 2

↑ What's that supposed to be? Bergedorf fights over stumbling blocks . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Hamburger Abendblatt , February 5, 2003@1@ 2

^ Re: Bergedorfer Stolpersteine . In: Hamburger Illustrierte , 2003

↑ Remembrance. Stumbling blocks: Bergedorf's inglorious past ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Quotation from the review in the Bergedorfer Zeitung of January 30, 2012. The reviewer upb speaks only of "stumbling blocks" instead of memorial sites where several stumbling blocks have been laid. In the publication of the Hamburg State Center for Political Education, 2011, the biographies and stumbling blocks of Max Armbruster, Meta Emma Anna Lübkemann and Mary Dobrzinsky are missing. The controversy in the Bergedorf district assembly is mentioned on p. 10 and p. 57.@1@ 2

↑ Gunter Demnig plasters for memory . In: Bergedorfer Zeitung , August 16, 2013.

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 76–79, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Dr. Ernst Tichauer

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 76–79, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Ellie Tichauer

↑ Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database

^ Stefan Petzhold: Jews in Bergedorf: The National Socialist Persecution 1933–1945 . Castle booklet No. 8, (Ed.): Association of Friends of the Museum for Bergedorf and the Vierlande, Bergedorf (without year of publication), p. 65

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Mary Dobrzinski . It is not mentioned in the 2011 publication of the Bergedorfer Stolpersteine.

↑ Laura Krause, Julia Pabla: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Claus Beeck

↑ Different date to the information on the Stolperstein, see Alexander Eckart, Patrick Wesierski: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Margot Fischbeck

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Ilse Betty Maria Dahl , there the total number of patients "transferred" to Vienna is mentioned

^ Print of the deportation list with 228 named patients a. a. with Antje Kosemund (ed.): Searching for traces of Irma. Reports and documents on the history of the euthanasia murders of patients from the Alsterdorfer Anstalten , 4th supplemented edition, GNN-Verlag, Hamburg 2005, pp. 10-11.

^ Patrick Wesierski: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Margot Fischbeck

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Marie Burke

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 49–57, and Geerd Dahms: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Hugo Rosendorff

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 49–57, and Geerd Dahms: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Hertha Rosendorff

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 49–57, as well as Geerd Dahms Stolpersteine Hamburg. Inge Meier

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 49–57, and Geerd Dahms: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Henry Meier

^ Geerd Dahms: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Bela Meier

↑ Hildegard Thevs: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Inge Hardekop

↑ Gunter Demnig paves the remembrance article in the Bergedorfer Zeitung from August 16, 2013.

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 36–39, and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Ernst Henning

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 45–48, and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Blanca Mansfeldt

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 45–48, and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Erika Mansfeldt

↑ Proof and quotations from Hildegard Thevs: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Margarethe Käti Schultze

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 32–36, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Ida castle

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 73–76, as well as Björn Eggert and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Hans Stoll

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 67–72, and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Max Anton Schlichting

^ Leon Mahnke, Luisa Müller: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Hugo Stoltze

↑ ^a ^b ^c Alfred Dreckmann: Everything was the same in Bergedorf! Schloßheft 9, Association of Friends of the Museum for Bergedorf and the Vierlande, 2nd edition Bergedorf 2004, p. 302

↑ Most of the information about Rimek is based on Bärbel Rimek: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Hamfried Rimek

↑ Rudolphi, Walter Julius , in: Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945 . Munich: Saur, 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 320

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 58–66, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Walter Rudolphi

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Walter Rudolphi

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Meta Emma Anna Lübkemann . It is not mentioned in the 2011 publication of the Bergedorfer Stolpersteine.

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 28–29, as well as Björn Eggert and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Ferdinand Buhk

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 39–45, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Naftali Lewensohn

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 39–45, and Björn Eggert: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Irma Friedländer

↑ Elizabeth Körs, Lena Hawk: stumbling blocks in Hamburg. Ilse Betty Maria Dahl

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , pp. 28-29, and Ulrike Sparr: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Carl Boldt

↑ Ulrike Sparr, Björn Eggert (ed.): Stolpersteine in Hamburg. Biographical search for traces . State Center for Political Education, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-929728-74-3 , p. 29

^ ^A ^b Heinz Schmidt-Bachem: From paper. A culture and economic history of the paper processing industry in Germany , De Gruyter, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-023607-1 , p. 586. books.google.de

↑ Stolpersteine Hamburg. Max Armbruster . He is not mentioned in the 2011 publication of Bergedorfer Stolpersteine.

↑ ^a ^b Carmela-Anna Orlowski, Chantelle Hajduk: Stolpersteine Hamburg. Frieda Fiebiger

↑ Copy of the letter from Antje Kosemund (Ed.): Searching for traces Irma. Reports and documents on the history of the euthanasia murders of foster children from the Alsterdorfer Anstalten , 4th supplemented edition, GNN-Verlag, Hamburg 2005, p. 34.

Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

[1] Stolpersteine Hamburg-Bergedorf overview with further links .