Martin (Slovakia)

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Martin
coat of arms map
Martin's coat of arms
Martin (Slovakia)
Martin
Martin
Basic data
State : Slovakia
Kraj : Žilinský kraj
Okres : Martin
Region : Turiec
Area : 67.736 km²
Residents : 54,168 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 800 inhabitants per km²
Height : 395  m nm
Postal code : 036 01
Telephone code : 0 43
Geographic location : 49 ° 4 '  N , 18 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 3 '49 "  N , 18 ° 55' 17"  E
License plate : MT
Kód obce : 512036
structure
Community type : city
Urban area structure: 7 districts
Administration (as of November 2018)
Mayor : Ján Danko
Address: Mestský úrad Martin
námestie SH Vajanského 1
03601 Martin
Website: www.martin.sk
Statistics information on statistics.sk

Martin (until 1950 Slovak Turčiansky Svätý Martin , German  Turz-Sankt Martin , Hungarian Turócszentmárton , Latin Sanctus Martinus / Martinopolis ) is a Slovak city in central Slovakia . It has 54,168 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) and is the center of the Turz region ( Turiec in Slovak ) and a historically important cultural center of the Slovaks . Administratively, Martin is the seat of Okres Martin within Žilinský kraj .

geography

View of the city to the east in winter with the Great Fatra in the background

The city is located in the northern part of the torrent basin (Slovak Turčianska kotlina ) on the Turiec River , just before its confluence with the Waag . To the west and north of the city rises the Little Fatra , more precisely its part Lúčanská Fatra , further east the Big Fatra can be seen. The municipal area is 67.736 km² and includes part of the hilly landscape at the Turzbecken and the eastern part of the Lúčanská Fatra below the mountains Veľká Lúka ( 1476  m nm ) and Krížava ( 1457  m nm ). The city center is located at an altitude of 395  m nm and is 30 kilometers from Žilina , 60 kilometers from Banská Bystrica and around 230 kilometers from Bratislava and Košice (road distances).

Administratively, the city is divided into seven districts:

Neighboring municipalities of Martin are Vrútky and Turčianske Kľačany in the north, Sučany in the northeast, Diaková and Dražkovce in the east, Žabokreky and Košťany nad Turcom in the south, Bystrička in the southwest, Kunerad and Stránske in the west, and Turie and Višňové in the northwest.

meaning

Martin is a regional center and very important for the national culture of the Slovaks - among other things, the city is the seat of the National Cultural Foundation Matica slovenská . Today's standard Slovak language is based on the dialect spoken in this area. The city is the starting point for hikes in the Little and Big Fatra .

history

View of the main square in the village

The city was first mentioned as Zenthmarton in 1264 . But it was already a settlement in the Hallstatt period , as recent excavations show. In 1340 the place received city ​​rights . In 1430 Martin was burned down in the course of the Hussite uprisings. It was thanks to the rapidly growing population that there were numerous guilds in the village in the 17th and 18th centuries.

In 1918, Martin was the place where the so-called Martin Declaration was passed.

In 2011 the city received a United Nations Award for Prevention and Anti-Corruption in the Public Sector . Martin received this award for the Transparent City project , which had been started together with Transparency International Slovensko a few years earlier.

Surname

The first sources are from 1264 as Zenthmarton - Hungarian for St. Martin - and 1284 villa Sancti Martini - Latin settlement of St. Martin. This original name was taken from the name of the town church, i.e. the patronage . According to sources , the Turz attribute , which is derived from the name of the county of the same name , was added in 1353 at the latest. From 1919 the city was officially called Turčiansky Svätý Martin , and in 1951 it was renamed Martin , as the word svätý (“holy”) in place names was undesirable for the then ruling communists.

economy

By far the most important industrial company during the Cold War was the heavy machinery and weapons manufacturer " ZŤS Martin" with more than 10,000 employees, one of the largest tank factories in the Eastern Bloc. Today there are companies in the automotive, paper, furniture and food industries in Martin.

Attractions

  • Reconstructed city center with renovated “ Tatra Banka ” building (built around 1900).
  • Slovak national cemetery with around 200 famous Slovak personalities
  • 3 buildings of the Slovak Matica ("Matica slovenská", science and culture institution of the Slovaks, see also History of Slovakia ): the first from 1864–65 is neoclassical, the second dates from 1924–1925, the new one including the Slovak National Library and a manuscript collection dates from 1977
  • neoclassical theater from 1888
  • Churches:
    • Catholic Martinskirche from the 13th century (expanded in the 15th century) with valuable wall paintings from the 14th century
    • classicist evangelical church that was built as a tolerance church
    • Synagogue from the second half of the 19th century at the Jewish cemetery
Múzeum slovenskej dediny
  • Museums, galleries and the like:
    • Múzeum slovenskej dediny ( Museum of the Slovak Village ), an open-air museum with folk objects from all over Slovakia, e.g. B. with a Protestant wooden church
    • Turčianske múzeum Andreja Kmeťa (Turzer Andrej Kmeť Museum), built in 1932 as the first building of the Slovak National Museum ; Kmeť was an important archaeologist and ethnographer
    • Martin Benka Múzeum, for the Slovak painter Benka
    • Turčianska galéria ( Turzer Galerie), gallery of fine arts in the former administrative headquarters with exhibitions of modern Slovak art
    • Ethnological Museum of the Slovak National Museum, built in 1933
    • Slovenské národné literárne múzeum Matice slovenskej (Slovak National Museum of Literature of the Slovak Matica)
See also:  List of listed objects in Martin

Sports

The ice hockey club MHC Martin has played almost exclusively in the Slovakian extra league since it was founded.

traffic

Martin bypass near Záturčie

The 1st order street 65 runs through the city center as well as the 1st order street 65D, which is designed as a bypass and is partially expanded to four lanes, west of the city center. Both end north of the city on 1st order road 18 ( E 50 ) from Žilina to Prešov . A connection to the D1 motorway (Dubná Skala – Turany section) was opened to traffic on July 10, 2015, but a connection to the connected European motorway network will not be completed earlier than 2019. In the future, the R3 expressway will also pass east of the city.

Martin has a railway connection through the Salgótarján – Vrútky railway , which merges into the important Žilina – Košice railway in nearby Vrútky . The station is located on Novákova Street and is served by several daily local trains (from / to Vrútky, Horná Štubňa and Prievidza ), some pairs of express trains and two pairs of express trains (from / to Zvolen , Žilina and Prague ) of the state railway company ZSSK and a EuroCity -Pair of trains (from / to Prague) operated by the private operator Regiojet (status 2014/2015 timetable). The Priekopa district also has a stop.

The company SAD Žilina as operates 26 public transport bus routes in the city (as of 2015).

Not far from the Tomčany district there is a small sports airfield (ICAO code: LZMA).

Twin cities

sons and daughters of the town

See also

Web links

Commons : Martin (Slovakia)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ source
  2. ↑ City of Martin awarded by UNO ( Memento of the original from January 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on Radio Slovakia International on May 13, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.slovakradio.sk
  3. ↑ Základné informácie ( Memento of the original from June 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , mhdmartin.sk, accessed April 28, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mhdmartin.sk