Sōja (Shintō)

Sōja or Sōsha ( Japanese 総社 , 惣社 , 奏社 , dt. "Summarized shrine") designates Shintō shrines in which all the enclosed kami of a region were worshiped together. These regions can also be fiefdoms ( shōen ), districts ( gun ) and villages, although this term usually refers to entire provinces of Japan .

The first mention of provincial sōja can be found in the diary of Taira no Tokinori - the Tokinori-ki - for March 9, 1099 (traditional date: Kōwa 1/2/15) with that of Inaba province . The Hakusan no ki describes that the provincial governor ( Kokushi ) set up the soja in his province of Kaga in order not to have to visit all the shrines in his province for the necessary rites of his office (such as his inauguration ceremony). The Sōja were therefore mostly located near the provincial capital ( Kokufu ). These shrines were either newly created or existing ones were designated as Sōja, which could also be the “First Shrine” of the province ( Ichi-no-miya ), which was also of important ritual significance. Therefore, both shrine forms were and are confused with one another, especially since both were created around the same period.

The name Sōja can also be found in place names such as that of the city of Sōja in Okayama Prefecture .

listing

region	province	Soy		today's city / district ( gun ), prefecture
region	province	transcription	Kanji	today's city / district ( gun ), prefecture
Kinai	Yamashiro	none?
	Yamato	none?
	Kawachi	Shikiagatanushi-jinja	志貴県主神社	Sōsha, Fujiidera , Osaka
	Izumi	Izumiinuko-jinja keidai gosha sōja	泉井上神社境内五社総社	Izumi , Osaka
	Settsu	none?
Tōkaidō	Iga	unknown
	Ise	Miyake-jinja (Sōjadaimyōjin)	三宅神社	Suzuka , Mie
	Shima	Kou-jinja ?	国府神社	Shima , Mie
	Owari	Owari-Ōkunitama-jinja	尾張大国霊神社	Inazawa , Aichi
	Mikawa	Soy	総社	Toyokawa , Aichi
	Tōtōmi	Ōmikunitama-jinja	淡海国玉神社	Iwata , Shizuoka
	Suruga	Kanbe / Asama-jinja (Sōja)	神部・浅間神社	Shizuoka , Shizuoka
	Izu	Mishima-jinja ?	三嶋大社	Mishima , Shizuoka
	Quay	Kaina-jinja (Shunomiya)	甲斐奈神社	Higashiyamanashi-gun , Yamanashi
	Sagami	Rokusho-jinja	六所神社	Ōiso , Naka-gun , Kanagawa
	Musashi	Ōkunitama-jinja	大國魂神社	Fuchu , Tokyo
	Awa	Rokusho-jinja ?	六所神社	Tateyama , Chiba
	Kazusa	Togakushi-jinja ?	戸隠神社	Soja, Ichihara , Chiba
	Shimousa	Rokusho-jinja	六所神社	Ichikawa , Chiba
	Hitachi	Hitachi-no-Kuni-Sōshagū	常陸國總社宮	Ishioka , Ibaraki
Tōsandō	Ōmi	none?
	Mino	Sōja ( Nangū Otabi-jinja )	南宮御旅神社	Fuwa-gun , Gifu
	Hida	Hida-sōsha	飛騨総社	Takayama , Gifu
	Shinano	Iwa-jinja	伊和神社	Sōza ( 惣社 ), Matsumoto , Nagano
	Kōzuke	Soja-jinja	総社神社	Motosōja-machi, Maebashi , Gunma
	Shimotsuke	Ōmiwa-jinja (Sōjarokushodaimyōjin)	大神神社	Sōja-machi, Tochigi , Tochigi
	Mutsu	Mutsu Sōsha-no-miya	陸奥総社宮	Tagajō , Miyagi
	Dewa	Rokusho-jinja ?	六所神社	Tsuruoka , Yamagata
Hokurikudō	Wakasa	Sojinja	総神社	Obama , Fukui
	Echizen	Sōjadaijingū	総社大神宮	Echizen , Fukui
	Kaga	Isobe-jinja (Funamisha)	石部神社	Komatsu , Ishikawa
	Noto	Sōsha (Rokusho-jinja)	総社	Nanao , Ishikawa
	Etchu	unknown
	Echigo	Sōja (Fuchū-hachimangū)	総社	Jōetsu , Niigata
	Sado	Sōsha-jinja	総社神社	Sado , Niigata
San'indō	Tamba	Sojinja	宗神社	Funai-gun , Kyoto
	tango	unknown
	Tajima	Keta-jinja	気多神社	Toyooka , Hyogo
	Inaba	no longer received		Iwami-gun , Tottori
	Hōki	Kokuchōri-jinja (Sōjadaimyōjin)	国庁裏神社	Kurayoshi , Tottori
	Izumo	Rokusho-jinja	六所神社	Matsue , Shimane
	Iwami	Sōja ( Ikan-jinja )	伊甘神社	Hamada , Shimane
	Oki	Tamawakasumikoto-jinja (Sōjadaimyōjin)	玉若酢命神社 ( 総社大明神 )	Oki-gun , Shimane
San'yōdō	Harima	Itatehyōzu-jinja	射楯兵主神社	Sōsha-honmachi, Himeji , Hyōgo
	Mimasaka	Sosha	総社	Soja, Tsuyama , Okayama
	Bizen	Bizen Sōja-no-miya	備前国総社宮	Okayama , okayama
	Bitchu	Soy	總社	Soja , Okayama
	bingo	Soja-jinja	総社神社	Fuchu , Hiroshima
	Aki	Sōja ( Take-jinja )	総社 ( 多家神社 )	Aki-gun , Hiroshima
	Suō	Kanakiri-jinja (Sōja) (Saba-jinja)	? ( 佐波神社 )	Sōsha-chō, Hōfu , Yamaguchi
	Nagato	Sosha	総社	Shimonoseki , Yamaguchi
Nankaidō	Kii	Fumori-jinja ?	府守神社	Wakayama , Wakayama
	Awaji	Jūichimyōjin-jinja	十一明神神社	Mihara-gun , Hyogo
	Awa	Sosha	総社	Tokushima , Tokushima
	Sanuki	Soy	総社	Sōja, Sakaide , Kagawa
	Iyo	unknown, on the Sōjagawa River		( Imabari ), Ehime
	Tosa	Sosha	総社	Nankoku , kochi
Saikaidō	Chikuzen	unknown
	Chikugo	unknown
	Buzen	Sōsha-hachimangū	惣社八幡宮	Miyako-gun , Fukuoka
	Bungo	no longer received		Ōita , Ōita
	Heating	no longer received		Saga , saga
	Higo	Sōshadaimyōjin	総社大明神	Kumamoto , Kumamoto
	Hyūga	Tsuma-jinja ?	都万神社	Saito , Miyazaki
	Ōsumi	Haraido-jinja	祓戸神社	Kokubu , Kagoshima
	satsuma	Shukō-jinja	守公神社	Satsumasendai , Kagoshima
	Iki	Sosha	総社	Iki , Nagasaki
	Tsushima	unknown

Web links

Namiki Kazuko: "Ichi no miya / Sōja" . In: Encyclopedia of Shinto. Kokugaku-in , February 28, 2007 (English)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Namiki Kazuko: "Ichi no miya / Sōja". In: Encyclopedia of Shinto
↑ 総社 . In: デジタル大辞泉 at kotobank.jp. Retrieved July 26, 2012 (Japanese).
↑ 市指定 . (No longer available online.) Sōja, formerly in the original ; Retrieved July 26, 2012 (Japanese). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2

^ ^A ^b Jean Herbert: Shintô. At the Fountain-head of Japan . Routledge, 2011, ISBN 978-0-415-59348-9 , pp. 105 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[EOS-1] Namiki Kazuko: "Ichi no miya / Sōja". In: Encyclopedia of Shinto

[2] 総社 . In: デジタル大辞泉 at kotobank.jp. Retrieved July 26, 2012 (Japanese).

[3] 市指定 . (No longer available online.) Sōja, formerly in the original ; Retrieved July 26, 2012 (Japanese). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2

[Herbert-4] A ^b Jean Herbert: Shintô. At the Fountain-head of Japan . Routledge, 2011, ISBN 978-0-415-59348-9 , pp. 105 ( limited preview in Google Book search).