Unbinilium
properties | |
---|---|
Properties (if known) | |
Name , symbol , atomic number | Unbinilium, Ubn, 120 |
Element category | Unknown |
Group , period , block | 2 , 8 , p |
CAS number | 54143-58-7 |
Atomic | |
Atomic mass | estimated 297 u |
Electron configuration | [ Og ] 8 s 2 (?) |
Electrons per energy level | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 8, 2 |
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Values that are particularly questionable are marked with (?) |
Unbinilium is a currently hypothetical chemical element with the atomic number 120, it is also known as Eka - Radium .
In the periodic table it is between the 119 Ununennium and the 121 Unbiunium .
In the extended periodic table (it is outside the "normal" periodic table ) it belongs to the alkaline earth metals and to the transactinoids . The name is the temporary systematic IUPAC name and stands for the three digits of the ordinal number. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to be an s-block element, an alkaline earth metal and the second element of the eighth period.
Unbinilium is a radioactive element that does not occur naturally and therefore has to be produced by a nuclear reaction . It should be part of the so-called " island of stability ", i. H. In contrast to most other transactinoids, they do not disintegrate within fractions of a second, but last much longer. The isotope 304 Ubn would probably be the most stable due to its ideal 184 neutrons (see magic numbers ).
Attempts by the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt-Arheilgen to detect the element have so far failed. At the same time, the United Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna near Moscow is also trying to prove the element.
Target-projectile combinations for cores with Z = 120
The following table shows all the combinations for targets and projectiles that could be used to generate nuclei with a charge number of 120 whose half-life does not stand in the way (T 1/2 > 0.2 a).
Although the prediction of the exact location of the island of stability fluctuates, it is assumed to be in the region of the isotope 300 Ubn.
Target | projectile | product | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
core | HWZ (a) | core | HWZ (a) | core | core | comment |
208 Pb | stable | 88 Sr | stable | 296 Ubn | 293 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
208 Pb | stable | 90 Sr | 29 | 298 Ubn | 295 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
232 Th | 14 billion | 70 notes | stable | 302 Ubn | 299 Ubn | |
238 U | 4.5 billion | 64 Ni | stable | 302 Ubn | 299 Ubn | |
237 Np | 2.1 million | 59 Co | stable | 296 Ubn | 293 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
237 Np | 2.1 million | 60 Co | 5.3 | 297 Ubn | 294 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
244 Pu | 80 million | 58 feet | stable | 302 Ubn | 299 Ubn | |
244 Pu | 80 million | 60 feet | 2.6 million | 304 Ubn | 301 Ubn | |
243 On | 7370 | 55 mn | stable | 298 Ubn | 295 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
248 cm | 340000 | 54 Cr | stable | 302 Ubn | 299 Ubn | |
250 cm | 8300 | 54 Cr | stable | 304 Ubn | 301 Ubn | |
247 Bk | 1380 | 51 V | stable | 298 Ubn | 295 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
248 Bk | 9 | 51 V | stable | 299 Ubn | 296 Ubn | |
249 Bk | 0.88 | 51 V | stable | 300 Ubn | 297 Ubn | |
249 Cf | 351 | 50 Ti | stable | 299 Ubn | 296 Ubn | |
250 cf | 13 | 50 Ti | stable | 300 Ubn | 297 Ubn | |
251 Cf | 900 | 50 Ti | stable | 301 Ubn | 298 Ubn | |
252 Cf | 2.6 | 50 Ti | stable | 302 Ubn | 299 Ubn | |
252 it | 1.3 | 45 Sc | stable | 297 Ubn | 294 Ubn | °) too low in neutrons |
254 it | 0.75 | 45 Sc | stable | 299 Ubn | 296 Ubn | |
257 m | 0.28 | 48 approx | ~ stable | 305 Ubn | 302 Ubn |
°) If one follows the trend of the last produced isotopes of 116 Livermorium and 118 Oganesson, these nuclei contain far too few neutrons to have longer half-lives.
Target-projectile combinations for cores with Z = 120, A = 304
The doubly magical 304 Ubn probably cannot be synthesized on earth by means of reactions of two nuclei. For the synthesis, nuclei with very short half-lives would have to be used (which cannot be produced in sufficient quantities with today's technology), the reaction really has to take place and only comparatively few neutrons can be evaporated to de-energize the nucleus. The isotope could arise in supernovae with their high particle densities.
Target | projectile | product | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
core | HWZ (d) | core | HWZ (a) | core | core | comment |
246 Pu | 11 | 60 feet | 2.6 million | 306 Ubn | → 304 Ubn + 2 n | |
247 Pu | 2.3 | 60 feet | 2.6 million | 307 Ubn | → 304 Ubn + 3 n | most likely reaction, since at least 3 neutrons may be evaporated |
252 cm | 2 | 54 Cr | stable | 306 Ubn | → 304 Ubn + 2 n |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mark Winter: Approaches to element 120 (unbinilium). The University of Sheffield and WebElements Nexus, accessed March 6, 2012 (1993–2011).
- ^ Superheavy, and yet stable. Max Planck Society , August 23, 2012, accessed on April 20, 2018 (English): "We expect [the island of stability] at around element 120," says Blaum, "and to be more precise, in a nucleus with around 180 neutrons. "