List of dam accidents
The list of dam accidents, including dam breaks and minor failures, shows accidents in the history of dam construction and other dams . In particular, the sudden rupture of the barrier structure with uncontrolled emptying of the reservoir or reservoir can cause a catastrophe.
The number of deaths - often also the date and almost always the amount of damage - is naturally mostly not exactly known or contradicting itself, as is sometimes names and spellings. The following table is arranged chronologically. There are also some dams for sedimentation basins .
table
dam | place | Country | Province, state | Date of the break | Number of dead | Damage amount; Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sadd el-Kafara | Wadi Garawi near Cairo | Egypt | approx. 2600 BC Chr. | the second oldest still partially preserved dam in the world | ||
Fushan Dam | Nanking | China | Jiangsu | 516 | 10 000 and more | was built for war purposes and shortly afterwards destroyed by a flood |
Marib Dam | Yemen | 572 (approx.) | already broken several times before. Not really a reservoir, but a diversion or diversion dam | |||
Lac de Saint-Laurent , valley of the Romanche | Le Bourg-d'Oisans, Grenoble | France | Rhône-Alpes | Sep 14 1219 | many (half Grenoble) | a landslide created a natural barrier and broke 30 years later |
Subiaco dam | Italy | Lazio | Feb. 20, 1305 | largest dam of the Romans | ||
Bruna dam | Italy | Republic of Siena | Dec 1492 | several | ||
Mlatzer Teich (then: Ozran Teich) | Mladotice | Czech Republic | Pilsen | 1550 | Mladotický rybník, (1st) partial dam break, 2 mills below destroyed (2nd: 1872) | |
San Ildefonso | Potosí | Bolivia | March 15, 1626 | 2 000 bis 4,000 | Silver mine sedimentation basin | |
Puentes I | Lorca | Spain | Murcia | Aug 5, 1648 | ? | destroyed in a great flood during construction |
Lower Schalke Pond | Schuleberg | Germany | resin | Dec 26, 1733 | 9 | Breakage during trial jam after completion |
Felt pond | Schneeberg | Germany | Saxony | Feb. 4, 1783 | 18th | |
Tunnel end | Marsden, Huddersfield | Great Britain | England | 1799 | 1 | |
Blackbrook Dam | Great Britain | England | Feb 20, 1799 | |||
Gasco | Galapagar | Spain | May 14, 1799 | |||
Puentes dam | (Estrecho de Rientes?) | Spain | Apr 30, 1802 | 600 or 608 | ||
Diggle Moss (Black Moss) | Marsden near Manchester | Great Britain | England | Nov 29, 1810 | 6th | |
Whinhill Reservoir | Greenock | Great Britain | Scotland | Nov 21, 1835 | 31 to 37 | |
Brent Reservoir (Welsh Harp) | London | Great Britain | England | Jan. 16, 1841 | 2 | |
Glanderston | Glasgow | Great Britain | Scotland | Dec 30, 1842 | 8th | |
Bold venture | Darwen | Great Britain | England, Lancashire | 23 Aug 1848 | 12 | |
Bilberry | Holmfirth | Great Britain | England | Feb 5, 1852 | 80 to 84 | |
Pilská | Príbram | Czech Republic | Central Bohemia | June 1854 | 2 | Coordin .: 49 ° 40 ′ 38.7 " N , 13 ° 54 ′ 36.2" E |
Dale Dyke | Bradfield near Sheffield | Great Britain | England | March 12, 1864 | 230 to 270 | £ 0.5m |
Irukaike | Japan | 1868 | 1 000 bis 1,200 | |||
Mlatzer pond | Mladotice | Czech Republic | Pilsen | May 25, 1872 | Mladotický rybník (1st dam breach: 1550) | |
Mill River | Williamsburg | United States | Massachusetts | May 16, 1874 | 138 to 144 | |
Cwm Carne | Newport | Great Britain | Wales | July 14, 1875 | 12 | |
Castle Malgwyn | Cardigan, Pembrokeshire | Great Britain | Wales | Aug 10, 1875 | 2 | |
Rockdale | United States | Iowa | 4th July 1876 | 39 to 47 | ||
El Habra (Fergoug I) | Perrégaux | Algeria | Dec 15, 1881 | 200 to 250 | further breaks in other years | |
Kuala Kubu (Ampang Pecah) | Malaysia | Hulu Selangor | Feb. 1883 | 25th | ||
Cheurfas | Algeria | 1885 | 10 | |||
Mena | Valparaíso | Chile | Aug 11, 1888 | 100 and more | ||
Sonzier , Montreux | Switzerland | Nov 6, 1888 | 5 to 13 | |||
South Fork Dam | Johnstown | United States | Pennsylvania | May 31, 1889 | 2 209 | $ 17 million |
Walnut Grove Dam | Wickenburg | United States | Arizona | Feb. 22, 1890 | 50 to 150 | |
Bouzey | Epinal | France | Vosges | Apr 27, 1895 | 86 to 200 | $ 14 million |
Austin Dam, Texas | Austin | United States | Texas | Apr 7, 1900 | 7 to 10 | |
Hauser dam | United States | Montana | Apr 14, 1908 | no | Steel dam | |
Clydach Vale | Rhondda Valley | Great Britain | Wales | March 11, 1910 | 8th | |
Austin Dam (Bayless) | Austin | United States | Pennsylvania | Sep 30 1911 | 78 | |
Lyman | United States | 1915 | 8th | |||
Elmali | Turkey | 1916 | ||||
Lower Otay and Sweetwater | San Diego | United States | California | Jan. 27, 1916 | 12 to 50 plus 21 | $ 6 million |
Lake Toxaway | United States | South carolina | Aug 13, 1916 | 0 | ||
Dam on the White Desse | Bilá Desná | Austria-Hungary | Bohemia | Sep 18 1916 | 62 | 260,000 of 400,000 m³ run out |
Mammoth Dam | Fairview | United States | Utah | June 25, 1917 | 1 | $ 1 million |
Tigra dam | Gwalior | India | Madhya Pradesh | Aug 4, 1917 | 1 000 and more | |
Gleno dam | Italy | Bergamo | Dec. 1, 1923 | 354 to 600 | ||
Skelmorlie Dam | North Ayrshire | Great Britain | Scotland | Apr 18, 1925 | 5 | |
Sheffield Dam | Santa Barbara | United States | California | June 29, 1925 | up to 13 | during earthquakes |
Eigiau and Coedty | Dolgarogg | Great Britain | Wales | Nov 2, 1925 | 10 to 16 | Cascade break |
Komoro | Japan | 1928 | 7th | |||
Saint Francis | los Angeles | United States | California | March 13, 1928 | up to 600 | |
San Alphonso | Bolivia | 1929 | 1 000 | |||
Briseis (Cascade) | Derby | Australia | Tasmania | Apr 4, 1929 | 11 or 14 | |
Castlewood Canyon Dam | Franktown | United States | Colorado | Aug 3, 1933 | 2 | Castlewood Canyon State Park |
Granadillar | Spain | Gran Canaria | Feb. 1934 | 8th | ||
Nishna Sv. | USSR | 1935 | ||||
Alla Sella Zerbino | Ovada | Italy | Piedmont | Aug 13, 1935 | 100 and more | |
Wagner Creek | United States | 1938 | 1 | |||
Mound Lake | United States | Minnesota | 1938 | |||
Dnjeprostroj | Zaporizhia | Ukraine, Soviet Union | Sep 1941 | Act of war | ||
Möhne reservoir | Möhne | Germany | May 17, 1943 | 1 200 bis 1,600 | Act of war: Operation Chastise | |
Edertalsperre | Eder | Germany | May 17, 1943 | 47 to 100 | Act of war: Operation Chastise | |
Selsfors | Sweden | Nov 12, 1943 | no | |||
Xuriguera | Spain | Feb. 24, 1944 | 7th | |||
Subansiri | China, India | Tibet, Assam | 23 Aug 1950 | 532 | Natural dam caused by a landslide in the event of an earthquake, which broke through the dammed water after 8 days and was washed away again | |
Heiwa-ike | Kameoka | Japan | Kyoto | July 11, 1951 | 75 to 114 | |
Gallinas | United States | 1957 | ||||
Vega de Tera | Ribadelago | Spain | Jan. 9, 1959 | 140 to 145 | ||
Lomngtun | China | Liaoning | July 21, 1959 | 707 | ||
Barrage de Malpasset | Fréjus | France | Department Var | Dec 2, 1959 | 361 to 429 | $ 68 million damage, about 421 dead |
May | Turkey | 1960 | ||||
Idbar | Bosnia Herzegovina | 1960 | no | |||
L'Oros | Fortaleza | Brazil | Ceara | March 25, 1960 | approximately 1 000 | |
Tiefosi | China | Henan | May 18, 1960 | 1 092 | ||
Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | 1961 | 600 | |||
Hyokiri or Hyogiri | South Korea | 1961 | 139 or 250 | |||
Babyn Yar , Kiev | Ukraine | March 13, 1961 | 145 | Landfilling with sand / water mixture for building land, after snow melt mudslide in residential area | ||
Panshet and Khadakwasla | Pune | India | July 12, 1961 | 1 000 to 2,000, and more | Cascade break | |
Sunchon | South Korea | Oct 28, 1962 | 163 | possibly identical to a dike breach on August 28, 1962 | ||
Little Deer Creek | United States | 1963 | 1 | |||
Quebrada la Chapa | Colombia | 1963 | 250 | |||
Spaulding Pond (Mohegan Park) | Norwich | United States | Connecticut | March 6, 1963 | 6th | $ 6 million |
Little Deer Creek | Duchesne | United States | Utah | June 16, 1963 | 1 | |
Liujiatai | Baoding | China | Hebei | Aug 8, 1963 | 948 | |
Vajont (Vaiont) | Longarone | Italy | Oct 9, 1963 | about 2 000 | tidal wave caused by a mountain slide, dam wall withstands the pressure | |
Baldwin Hills | los Angeles | United States | California | Dec 14, 1963 | 5 or 8 | $ 50 million damage |
Swift and Lower Two Medicine | United States | Montana | June 8, 1964 | 19 plus 9/30 | ||
Macherla | India | 29 Sep 1964 | 1 000 | |||
Ovčar Banja | Serbia | 1965 | ||||
El Cobre | Chile | March 28, 1965 | 200 | Mine settling basins, during earthquakes | ||
Torrejon el Rubio | Torrejon el Rubio | Spain | Cáceres | Oct 22, 1965 | 30 to 70 | |
Rutte | Italy | Nov 7, 1965 | no | |||
Sgorigrad , Vratza | Bulgaria | May 1, 1966 | up to 488 | Settling basin | ||
Nanaksagar | India | Uttaranchal | Aug 27, 1967 | 100 | ||
Sempor | Kebumen | Indonesia | Java | Nov 29, 1967 | 160 to 200 | |
Lee Lake Dam | East Lee | United States | Massachusetts | March 24, 1968 | 2 | |
Choma | Zambia | 1969 | ||||
Frias (Pardo?) | Mendoza | Argentina | Jan. 4, 1970 | up to 100 | $ 20-23 million | |
Sheep Creek | United States | North Dakota | May 1970 | |||
Hengjiang | Jieyang | China | Guangdong | Sep 15 1970 | 779 | |
Lower Van Norman Dam, Mclay Dam, Hansen Dam, San Fernando | United States | California | Feb 9, 1971 | $ 30 million; in the 1971 San Fernando earthquake ; only near disaster | ||
Dongkoumiao | Xidian | China | Zhejiang | 2nd June 1971 | 186 | |
Certej | Certeju de Sus | Romania | Hunedoara | Oct. 30, 1971 | 89 | |
Foledon | Colombia | Feb 25, 1972 | 60 | |||
Buffalo Creek , Logan | United States | West Virginia | Feb. 26, 1972 | 125 | $ 30-50 million | |
Canyon Lake | Rapid City | United States | South Dakota | June 9, 1972 | 236 to 238 | only about 33 of them died as a result of the dam breach |
Liaohe | China | Shanxi | 1973 | 29 | ||
Lijiazui | China | Gansu | Apr 27, 1973 | 580 | ||
Shijiagou | Zhuanglang | China | Gansu | Aug. 24, 1973 / August 25, 1973 | 81 | |
Hubacov | Mirosovice | Czech Republic | near Prague | 1974 | 5 | Coordin .: 49 ° 54 ′ 46.3 ″ N , 14 ° 43 ′ 32 ″ E |
Tarbela dam | Pakistan | July 1974 | $ 100 million damage | |||
Elans drift | South Africa | 1975 | 10 | |||
Walter Bouldin, Montgomery | United States | Alabama | Feb 10, 1975 | no | ||
Banqiao Dam | China | Henan | Aug 8, 1975 | 26,000 from the immediate tidal waves (according to other sources up to 85,000), from hunger and epidemics: 145,000 | Cascade rupture of 62 dams after a typhoon | |
S. Tomas | Philippines | 1976 | 80 | |||
La Paz | Mexico | 1976 | 80 | |||
Bearwallow Dam | United States | North Carolina | Feb. 22, 1976 | 4th | ||
Teton Dam | United States | Idaho | 5th June 1976 | 11 or 14 | $ 400 million to $ 1 billion | |
Bolan | Quetta | Pakistan | Balochistan | Sep 1976 | 20th | |
Jishan & Wenchun | China | Shanxi | 1977 | 30th | ||
Euclides da Cunha & Sales de Oliveira | Brazil | São Paulo | Jan. 20, 1977 | 0 | Cascade break | |
Laurel Run and Sandy Run | Johnstown | United States | Pennsylvania | 20th July 1977 | 39-40 plus 5 | $ 20-45 million |
Ibrastausee | Ibra | Germany | Hesse | 22 Aug 1977 | 0 | 30 million DM |
Kelly Barnes Dam | Toccoa Falls | United States | Georgia | Nov 6, 1977 | 39 | |
Bakhera | Nepal | 1978 | 500 | |||
Machhu II | Morvi | India | Gujarat | Aug 11, 1979 | 2 000 bis 2,500 | $ 15 million |
Gotvand dam | Iran | Chuzestan | Feb. 1980 | 200 | ||
Hirakud Dam | India | Orissa | Sep 1980 | 1 000 | Emergency relief, no dam break | |
Gopinatham Dam | India | Karnataka | Oct. 19, 1981 | 40 to 47 | ||
Lawn Lake Dam | Lawn Lake | United States | Colorado | July 15, 1982 | 3 | US $ 21 to 31 million |
Tous dam | Valencia | Spain | Oct. 20, 1982 | 20 and more | ||
DMAD, Delta | United States | Utah | June 23, 1983 | 1 | > $ 3 million | |
Guavio dam | Guavio | Colombia | Cundinamarca | July 28, 1983 | 150 to 200 | Landslide during construction work, no tidal wave |
Tesero dam breach | Val di Stava | Italy | Trentino | July 19, 1985 | 264 to 361 | Settling basin |
Kantale dam | Trincomalee | Sri Lanka | Apr 20, 1986 | up to 178 | ||
Leguaseca dam | Spain | Galicia | March 1987 | 7th | ||
Sargozan | USSR | Tajikistan | Apr 16, 1987 | 19 to 31 | US $ 450 million | |
Jinduicheng | China | Shaanxi | Apr 30, 1988 | 20th | Settling basin | |
Bagauda reservoir | Bebeji | Nigeria | Kano | Aug 16, 1988 | 23 | |
Wujiangdu Dam | China | Guizhou | May 1, 1989 | 28 | ||
Tamale dam | Tamale | Ghana | Aug 25, 1989 | 7th | ||
Evans & Lockwood | Fayetteville | United States | North Carolina | Sep 15 1989 | 2 | > US $ 10 million |
Kendall Lake | Camden | United States | South carolina | Oct 11, 1990 | 4th | |
Belci dam | Romania | July 29, 1991 | 25th | was no longer built | ||
Kisselevsk | Serov | Russia | Sverdlovsk | June 14, 1993 | 15th | 56 billion rubles |
Gouhou | China | Qinghai | Aug 27, 1993 | 240 to 1,200 | $ 18-26 million | |
Artik dam | Armenia | 1994 | 2 | |||
Virginia No. 15th | South Africa | 1994 | 39 | $ 15 million | ||
Merriespruit Disaster (Harmony No. 4) | Merriespruit | South Africa | Virginia | Feb 22, 1994 | 17th | Settlement basin of a gold mine |
Tirljan dam | Belorezk | Russia | Bashkiria | Aug 7, 1994 | 22nd | 40 billion rubles |
Lake Blackshear | Albany | United States | Georgia | July 9, 1994 | 15th | |
Timberlake dam | Lynchburg, Campbell County | United States | Virginia | June 22, 1995 | 2 | |
Placer | Philippines | Sep 2 1995 | 12, environmental damage | Mine settling basins | ||
Meadow Pond | Alton | United States | New Hampshire | March 13, 1996 | 1 | |
Marcopper | Marinduque | Philippines | Luzon | March 24, 1996 | US $ 80 million environmental damage, mine sedimentation basin | |
Changping | China | Shanxi | 1997 | 30th | ||
Lake Opuha dam | Fairlie | New Zealand | South Canterbury | Feb 6, 1997 | no | > $ 500,000 |
Los Frailes mine | Aznalcóllar, Seville | Spain | Apr 25, 1998 | no | Settling basin; $ 42.5 million | |
Kewari | Sanjlawi | Pakistan | Balochistan | July 14, 1999 | 8th | |
Baia Mare dam breach | Baia Mare | Romania | Jan. 30, 2000 | no, but major environmental damage | Settling basin, no dam | |
Zeyzoun Dam | Hama | Syria | June 4, 2002 | until 100 | ||
La Ventilla, Villa de Reyes and El Capulin, Villa Garcia | Mexico | San Luis Potosi or Zacatecas | Aug 15, 2002 | 14th | ||
Dalongtan Dam | Dalongtan, Enshi | China | Hubei | May 27, 2004 | 18th | |
Camara dam | Alagoa Grande | Brazil | Paraiba | June 17, 2004 | 3, 5 or 7 | |
Shadi Kaur Dam | Pasni | Pakistan | Balochistan | Feb 10, 2005 | 140 to 500 | |
Band-e-Sultan Dam | Ghazni | Afghanistan | Ghazni | March 29, 2005 | 6th | |
Xiaocaoba Dam | Xiaocaoba, Yiliang | China | Yunnan | July 21, 2005 | 16 | $ 560,000 |
Valigonda | Valigonda | India | Andhra Pradesh | Oct 29, 2005 | 114 | A railway bridge was washed away and a train fell into the gap |
Taum Sauk | United States | Missouri | Dec 14, 2005 | no | Pumped storage plant | |
Chaqchaq | Suleymania | Iraq | Kurdistan | Feb. 4, 2006 | Coord .: 35 ° 36 ′ 9.5 ″ N , 45 ° 22 ′ 58.8 ″ E (picture of the broken dam) | |
Kaloko | Kilauea | United States | Hawaii | March 14, 2006 | 7th | |
Gusau dam breach | Nigeria | Zamfara | Sep 30 2006 | 40 | ||
Situ Gintung | Tangierang | Indonesia | Jakarta | March 27, 2009 | 93 or more | |
Rongli | Rangpo | India | Sikkim | April 16, 2009 | 12 | |
Algodoes | Cocal da Estação | Brazil | Piauí | May 27, 2009 | 6th | |
Sayano Shushenskaya | Russia | Sayanogorsk | 17 Aug 2009 | 74 | ~ $ 1.25 billion, pipeline break, no dam break | |
Qysyl Agash Dam | Qysyl-Agash , Almaty | Kazakhstan | March 11, 2010 | 34 to 40 | ||
Delhi embankment | United States | Iowa | July 24, 2010 | no | ||
Niedów Reservoir | Lower Silesia | Poland | Aug 7, 2010 | 1 | unknown | |
Kolontár | Hungary | West Hungary | Oct 4, 2010 | 10, major environmental damage | Settling basin ( bauxite red mud) | |
Fujinuma Dam | Sukagawa | Japan | Fukushima | March 11, 2011 | 4, 8 missing people | Rupture after the Tōhoku earthquake on March 11, 2011 |
Eleyele | Ibadan | Nigeria | Oyo | 27 Aug 2011 | 102 | Coordin .: 7 ° 25 '15.1 " N , 3 ° 51' 13.8" E |
Kurzras | South-Tirol | Italy | Kurzras | Dec. 27, 2011 | 0 | The reservoir on the Schnalstal Glacier for the snowmaking system runs out, 3 hotels are evacuated. |
Ivanovo | Until he | Bulgaria | Haskovo | Feb 6, 2012 | 8th | |
Shenjiakeng Reservoir | Daishan Island | China | Zhejiang | Aug 10, 2012 | 10 | at typhoon; 27 injured |
Stung Atay | Veal Veaeng, Cardamom Mountains | Cambodia | Pursat | Dec 1, 2012 | 4th | 4 dead / missing, 7 injured |
Lianfeng | Kaziwan, Urumqi | China | QiDaoWan, Xinjiang | Feb. 2, 2013 | 1 | |
Mount Polley | Cariboo region | Canada | British Columbia | 4th Aug 2014 | 0 | Mine settling basins; Environmental damage |
Settlement basin of the Samarco mine | Bento Rodrigues | Brazil | Minas Gerais | Nov 5, 2015 | 19, +45 missing | Due to the toxic mudslide of 62 million m³ environmental catastrophe in the Rio Doce over 600 km to the sea |
Economical | Olimpiada | Greece | Elassona | March 27, 2016 | 0 | Coordin .: 40 ° 0 ′ 15.4 ″ N , 22 ° 17 ′ 30.3 ″ E |
Oroville Dam | Oroville | United States | California | 7th Feb 2017 | 0 | Failure of flood relief during spring floods, overflow of the lake via unprepared emergency overflow; $ 1.1 billion |
Ituango dam | Ituango | Colombia | Department of Antioquia | April 30, 2018 | 0 | Collapse of a bypass tunnel during construction, uncontrolled rise in level; Flooded power station cavern, risk of total loss due to overflow of the earth embankment dam |
Patel Milmet Dam | Solai | Kenya | Nakuru | May 9, 2018 | 48 | en 0 ° 5 ′ 49.5 ″ S , 36 ° 8 ′ 46 ″ E |
Xepian-Xe Nam Noy | unknown | Laos | Attapeu Province | 23rd July 2018 | 26 (min.) | |
Brumadinho sludge retention basin | Brumandinho | Brazil | Minas Gerais | Jan. 25, 2019 | 259 (at least), 11 missing as of October 2, 2019 | Dam break on a retention basin for mining waste |
Tiware | Ratnagiri District | India | Maharashtra | 2nd July 2019 | 18, others missing | Coordin .: 17 ° 36 ′ 0.2 ″ N , 73 ° 41 ′ 41 ″ O en |
Toddbrook Reservoir | Whaley Bidge | Great Britain | Derbyshire | Aug 1, 2019 | 0 | Coord .: 53 ° 19 ′ 30 ″ N , 1 ° 59 ′ 37 ″ W Ground failure at the flood relief after heavy rain, risk of collapse, evacuation of 6500 people below |
Dam on the Seiba River | Shetinkino | Russia | Siberia , Krasnoyarsk Territory | 19th Oct 2019 | 15, + 6 missing persons | 54 ° 32 '47.1 " N , 93 ° 26' 26.1" O gold mine companySissim (companies), daughter ofSibsoloto, authority was the dam not known accommodation of miners flooded. |
Sardoba | Kurgantepa | Uzbekistan | Sirdaryo Province | 1st May 2020 | 2 | Coordin .: 40 ° 20 ′ 13.2 ″ N , 68 ° 25 ′ 15.6 ″ E |
Edenville u. Sanford Dam | Midland | United States | Michigan | 19th May 2020 | 0 | Heavy rain damaged the dams that dammed the Tittabawassee River and flooded the city of Midland. Coordin .: 43 ° 48 ′ 50.8 ″ N , 84 ° 22 ′ 35.4 ″ W en |
Germany
Dam breaches in Germany that were major (1945) and minor disasters:
- Glasebacher Teich , 1752 - the dam broke as a result of a storm because the harrow system could no longer be operated. The water destroyed a mill.
- Neuer Teich (Freiberg) , June 2, 1839 - the dam broke as a result of a storm and because the floodlight could not be opened quickly enough
- Almond Woods Pond , July 22, 1855 - the dam broke during a heavy flood. The places Rothehütte and Königshof (Königshütte) were devastated.
- Möhnetalsperre , May 17, 1943 - partial destruction of the dam by bombardment, Reservoir expired ( Möhne disaster )
- Edertalsperre , May 17, 1943 - Damage to the dam by bombing, the reservoir leaked
- Muldenberg reservoir, May 13, 1945 - reservoir leaked after ammunition explosion, 13 dead
- Retention basin Fischbeck , July 19, 1966 - Dam burst during storms
- Haslach flood retention basin (an der Haslach ), August 17, 1969 - Dam burst during a storm
- Ibrastausee , August 22, 1977 - Dam burst due to flooding
- Retention basin Gissigheim , June 21, 1984 - Dam burst due to the flood of the " Corpus Christi flood "
- Retention basin Glashütte , August 12, 2002 - Dam burst due to flooding
Austria
So far, there have been no dam disasters in what is now Austria.
In what was then Austria-Hungary , each part of the Austrian monarchy, today in the Czech Republic, however, there were 2 dam breaks, both of which were not repaired:
- On May 25, 1872 the dam of the Mlatzer authoritarian pond ( Mladotický rybník , 3.0-3.1 million m³ volume, 91 ha area) broke in Mladotice near Pilsen . The trigger was - upstream - a flood caused by heavy rain in the Mladotický creek (brook, river) in connection with an accumulating landslide. Numerous dead in two places downstream. What remains today is the shallow, silted up only 4.5 hectare Odlezly Lake, which has been a nature reserve since 1975. The pond was probably built by the Cistercian monastery in the 14th century by a dam on a narrow valley. As early as 1550 the dam was partially broken by a flood, which destroyed 2 mills.
- On September 18, 1916, the breaking of the dam on the White Desse , which was only built in 1915, resulted in 62 deaths.
In July 1997 the dam of the Schlesinger pond broke in Bärnkopf , Lower Austria ( Zwettl district ). It was built around 200 years ago to wash wood . The dam was rehabilitated by the municipality in 1999. The 5.56 hectare pond is used today for fishing (by day) and swimming.
Switzerland
In Switzerland - apart from Sonzier in 1888 - no major dam damage has been recorded. Due to the high density of these structures, however, there is a considerable risk potential. For example, calculations for the Linth-Limmern power plants in the canton of Glarus showed that if a break were made, the town of Linthal five kilometers below would be submerged in three minutes by a tidal wave around ten meters high. The residents hardly have a chance of survival. The tidal wave, which is still around five meters high there, would have reached Glarus in about 30 minutes - the siren alarm would probably enable at least parts of the population to escape in good time.
The dams in Switzerland are carefully monitored and controlled to prevent such catastrophes. However, most of the barriers are in areas that are one of the earthquake-prone regions of Switzerland. (Sources: Switzerland. Confederation: civil defense, 1966; Nagra : current earthquake hazard map of Switzerland, 2005 )
See also
literature
- O. Lanser: Overview of the dam disasters of the past. In: Austrian water management. 12, 8/9, 1960, p. 142 ff.
- G. Rouvé: Overview of Damage Cases on Dams. Notices of the IWW issue 18, Aachen 1977.
- Lectures hydraulic engineering seminar. Winter semester 1983/84, booklet 50, experiences with dam structures - planning, operation, aging and upgrading. Aachen 1984. ISSN 0343-1045 , ISSN 0721-1082
- Patrick McCully: Silenced Rivers. The Ecology and Politics of Large Dams. 1996.
- Richard Widmann: Thoughts on assessing the safety of dams. In: Wasser Energie Luft - Eau Energie Air. 93, 7/8 2001, pp. 175-182, ISSN 0377-905X
- Claude Marche: Barrages, Crues de Rupture et Protection Civile. Presses intl. Polytechnique, 2008, ISBN 978-2-553-01414-7 .
- Alexius Vogel: Dam breaks and their causes. PhD thesis . ETH-HDB (Zurich) Vienna. Data Station for Dam Failures 1982.
- Vijay P. Singh: Dam breach modeling technology. 1996. books.google.de
- AO Babb, TW Mermel: Catalog of Dam Disasters, Failures and Accidents. US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Washington, DC 1968.
Web links
The table was drawn up using:
- Dam Safety And Protection Of Human Lives . (PDF; 35 kB; English)
- Classification of reported failures . (English)
- Damage to European dams
- List of Plus Grandes Catastrophes . (French)
- Dam disasters
- S. Hirschberg, P. Burgherr, G. Spiekerman, E. Cazzoli, J. Vitazek, L. Cheng: Comparative Assessment of Severe Accidents in the Chinese Energy Sector - China Energy Technology Program. PSI Report No. 03-04, Villigen-PSI, March 2003.
- Dam disasters in five millennia, with pictures of Gleno and Vajont (PDF; 1005 kB)
- INSAAT AFETLERI (DOC file, Turkish)
- Dam failure . Mashpedia - compilation of films
- Dam failures and incidents. Association of State Dam Safety Officials
Individual evidence
- ↑ Les Ruines de Séchilienne
- ↑ timelines.ws
- ↑ Les ruptures de barrages dans le monde: un nouveau bilan de Potosi (1626, Bolivie)
- ^ Eduardo Galeano: Memoria del Fuego . Vol I: Los nacimientos . 2014
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Lessons from historical dam incidents, Environment Agency, Bristol, August 2011, p. 137.
- ↑ Geoffrey Hewlett: Welsh Harp Reservoir Through Time . 2009, ISBN 978-1-4456-0640-8 .
- ↑ The Welsh Harp Reservoir (PDF)
- ↑ VD Pilská (PDF)
- ↑ a b eagri.cz (PDF) Safety supervision of water structures in the Czech Republic
- ↑ British Rainfall 1875 (pdf 7997 kB)
- ↑ La tragedia del Tranque Mena
- ^ Archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com
- ^ Scofield Project
- ^ Castlewood Canyon State Park
- ↑ Stillwater Sister Cities Council ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e f Management of impounded rivers ( Memento of the original from March 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 7147 kB)
- ↑ mouseski.com A Visit to Mohegan Park
- ↑ a b c d e RCEM - Reclamation Consequence Estimating Methodology. Dam Failure and Flood Event Case History Compilation (PDF)
- ^ Forensics of a Dam Failure Fatality
- ↑ hemeroteca.abc.es
- ↑ St. Hirschberger, P. Burgherr, G. Spiekerman, E. Cazzoli, J. Vitazek, L. CHeng: Comparative Assessment of Severe Accidents in the Chinese Energy Sector. (PDF; 1.6 MB), PSI report no.03-04, Paul Scherer Institute, March 2003, ISSN 1019-0643 , p. 73.
- ^ William Jobin: Dams and Disease: Ecological Design and Health Impacts of Large Dams. Canals, 1999, p. 444.
- ↑ bibliotecadigital.ufmg.br (PDF)
- ↑ iiasa.ac.at (PDF) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ icem.org ( Memento of the original from August 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ gabe.web.psi.ch (PDF) Appendix A: List of severe accidents .., p. 122.
- ↑ modernghana.com
- ↑ a b damsafety.org ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ É. S. Kalustyan: Lessons from failures of concrete dams on rock foundations. In: Hydrotechnical Construction. 29 (2), 1995, p. 78. doi: 10.1007 / BF01545000
- ↑ É. S. Kalustyan: Lessons from failures of concrete dams on rock foundations. In: Hydrotechnical Construction. 29 (2), 1995, p. 78. doi: 10.1007 / BF01545000
- ↑ The Marcopper Disaster of March 24, 1996 ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Altaf ur Rehman: Safety Of So-Called Small Dams In Pakistan . (PDF) from
- ^ Mexican dams break
- ^ Case Study of the Chaq-Chaq Dam Failure
- ↑ Kurdistan Geology ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ internationalrivers.org
- ↑ Lake Delhi Dam Breach - Two Perspectives (PDF)
- ↑ Nigeria floods: Ibadan reflects on Eleyele Dam tragedy
- ↑ Over 100 dead after heavy rains burst dam
- ↑ Reservoir in South Tyrol leaked orf.at, December 29, 2011, accessed February 9, 2018
- ↑ cma.gov.cn
- ↑ rfa.org
- ↑ poleshift.ning.com
- ^ Cambodia: Chinese-made Dam collapsed. ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Li Xiang: Freezing flash flood inundates village . In: Global Times, February 4, 2013.
- ↑ Mount Polley Mine Tailings Pond Breach, Likely, August 4, 2014 ( Memento of the original from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ BHP Billiton waiting for more details of Brazilian dam disaster
- ↑ rt.com 'Catastrophe': At least 17 killed, 45 missing, town leveled by flood in Brazil dam collapse
- ^ Bento Rodrigues: a disastrous tailings dam failure in Brazil. blogs.agu.org
- ↑ UN confirms criticism of environmentalists. River valley as big as Austria. In: orf.at. November 26, 2015, accessed November 27, 2015 .
- ↑ Sparmos Dam - a significant dam failure in Greece on Sunday 27th March
- ↑ Λάρισα: Από ευτύχημα δεν θρηνήσαμε θύματα, pictures from the Sparmos dam breach (Greek)
- ^ Oroville Spillways Construction and Cost Estimate Update , published by the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) on September 5, 2018
- ↑ Many people die when a dam breaks in Kenya
- ↑ More than 40 dead after a dam breach in Kenya ( memento of the original from May 12, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Dozens of dead and injured due to dam burst after heavy rainfall in Solai - Nakuru County, Kenya
- Jump up ↑ Dead and hundreds of missing people after the dam burst in Laos
- ^ WISE Uranium Project.Retrieved October 2, 2019.
- ↑ RP ONLINE: More than 300 people missing: At least 58 dead in a dam break in Brazil. Retrieved January 28, 2019 .
- ↑ BBC.com
- ↑ At least eight dead after a dam break in India
- ↑ Youtube
- ↑ Hindustan Times
- ^ Impending dam break - city in England evacuated . Mirror online
- ↑ Three arrests after a dam breach in the Siberian gold mine orf.at, October 20, 2019, accessed October 20, 2019.
- ↑ Sardoba Reservoir: a major dam collapse in Uzbekistan on May 1, 2020
- ↑ Michigan floods: Evacuations after Edenville and Sanford dams breached
- ↑ Exchange of experiences with flood retention basins (PDF; 2105 kB)
- ↑ Bärnkopf leisure tips: Schlesingerteich bergfex.at, 1999–2018; accessed August 6, 2018.
- ↑ Nature experience Schlesingerteich (PDF) Information from the community, baernkopf.com, accessed August 6, 2018.