Murmansk Oblast

Subject of the Russian Federation Murmansk Oblast Мурманская область flag coat of arms Federal district Northwest Russia surface 144,902  km² population 795,409 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) Population density 5.5 inhabitants / km² Administrative center Murmansk Official language Russian Ethnic composition Russians (85.2%) Ukrainians (6.4%) Belarusians (2.3%) [...] Sami (0.20%) (as of 2002) governor Andrei Tschibis Founded May 28, 1938 Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone prefixes (+7) 815xx Postcodes 183000-184999 License Plate 51 OKATO 47 ISO 3166-2 RU-MUR Website gov-murman.ru

Coordinates: 68 ° 0 '  N , 35 ° 0'  E

The Murmansk Oblast ( Russian Мурманская область / Murmanskaja oblast ) is an oblast in northwestern Russia .

The oblast is located in northeastern Europe and also includes the Kola peninsula . In the north is the Barents Sea , in the east the White Sea . It is bordered by the Autonomous Republic of Karelia to the south and Finland and Norway to the west .

The surface of the oblast is mostly hilly, the highest mountains are the Chibinen . The climate is tempered by the proximity to the sea and the Gulf Stream.

The Sami , who are only a small minority today, are the indigenous people of the entire area. As early as the 12th century, the Russians began to explore the coasts of the White Sea. The area remained backward for a long time, Murmansk was only founded in 1916. In the 20th century, Russia began to see the Kola Peninsula as a strategically important region and established the Northern Fleet .

The most important industry is mining, in the oblast apatite , nickel , iron ore , copper and other mineral resources are extracted. In addition, fishing (the port city of Murmansk is ice-free due to the Gulf Stream ) and the timber industry are important.

population

In the last censuses in 2002 and 2010, the population was 892,534 and 795,409, respectively. The number of inhabitants thus fell by 97,125 people (−10.88%) in these eight years. 738,382 people lived in cities in 2010. This corresponds to 92.83% of the population (in Russia 73%). By January 1, 2014, the population decreased further to 771,058 people. The distribution of the different ethnic groups was as follows:

Population of the oblast by ethnic group

nationality	VZ 1989	percent	VZ 2002	percent	VZ 2010	percent
Russians	965.727	84.21	760.862	85.25	642.310	80.75
Ukrainians	105.079	9.16	56,845	6.37	34,268	4.31
Belarusians	38,794	3.38	20,335	2.28	12,050	1.51
Tatars	11,459	1.00	7,944	0.89	5,624	0.71
Azerbaijanis	2,695	0.24	4,614	0.52	3,841	0.48
Tschuwaschen	3,865	0.34	2,759	0.31	1,782	0.22
Komi	2.167	0.19	2,177	0.24	1,649	0.21
Mordwinen	4.214	0.37	2,479	0.28	1,625	0.20
Armenians	1,521	0.13	1,954	0.22	1,618	0.20
Seeds	1,615	0.14	1,769	0.20	1,599	0.20
Karelians	3,505	0.31	2,203	0.25	1,376	0.17
German	1,454	0.13	1,211	0.14	725	0.09
Finns	590	0.05	426	0.05	273	0.03
Residents	1,146,757	100.00	892.534	100.00	795,409	100.00

Note: the proportions refer to the total number of inhabitants. Including the group of people who did not provide any information about their ethnic affiliation (2002 10,679 and 2010 73,484 people)

The majority of the area's population is Russian . The Ukrainians and Belarusians are the only significant ethnic minorities in Murmansk Oblast. Their number has fallen sharply.

Administrative divisions and cities

→ Main article : Administrative division of Murmansk Oblast

The main cities are Murmansk and Apatity . The population lives mainly on the Murman Railway , which connects Murmansk with the southern parts of the country. Murmansk Oblast is divided into five Rajons and twelve urban districts . The administrative center of Murmansk is the only big city . There are a total of 16 cities and 12 urban-type settlements in the oblast , of which six cities and two settlements have the status of "Closed Administrative-Territorial Entities" (SATO).

The city of Montchegorsk in winter

Biggest cities

Surname	Russian	Residents (October 14, 2010)
Murmansk	Мурманск	307.257
Apatity	Апатиты	59,672
Severomorsk	Североморск	50,060
Montchegorsk	Мончегорск	45,361
Kandalaksha	Кандалакша	35,654
Kirovsk	Кировск	28,625
Olenegorsk	Оленегорск	23,072

See also : List of cities in Murmansk Oblast

politics

Governor of the oblast has been Andrei Tschibis since September 27, 2019 , who temporarily took over this post on March 21, 2019 from Marina Kowtun, who had resigned early and had held the post since 2012.

Web links

Commons : Murmansk Oblast  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Murmansk Oblast website (Russian, English )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)