Buryatia

Federal district	far East
surface	351,334 km²
population	972,021 inhabitants ; (as of October 14, 2010)
Population density	2.8 inhabitants / km²
Capital	Ulan-Ude
Official languages	Buryat , Russian
Ethnic ; composition	Russians (66.1%) ; Buryats (30.0%) ; Tatars (0.7%) ; (as of 2010)
president	Alexei Zydenow
Founded	May 30, 1923
anthem	Anthem of the Republic of Buryatia
Time zone	UTC + 8
Telephone prefixes	(+7) 301xx
Postcodes	670000-671999
License Plate	03
OKATO	81
ISO 3166-2	RU-BU
Website	egov-buryatia.ru

53.5 110Coordinates: 53 ° 30 ' N , 110 ° 0' E

Buryatia ( Russian Бурятия , transcription Buryatija , Buryat Буряад Улас, transcription Buryaad Ulas ) is a republic in Russia .

geography

The Republic of Buryatia is located in the Far East Federal District on the border with Mongolia . It covers the eastern shore of Lake Baikal and extends to the Jablonowy Mountains . The most important rivers of the republic are the Selenga , the Barguzin and the Upper Angara .

population

The Buryats are the titular ethnicity of the Republic of Buryatia. In the 2010 census, 972,021 inhabitants were determined. Of these, the Buryats made up 30% and the Russians 66%. Other larger ethnic groups are the Ukrainians and the Tatars . Of the "indigenous peoples of the Russian north" , the Evenks with 2,974 inhabitants live mainly in the north of the republic . In Eastern Sayan on the upper reaches of the Oka in the extreme southwest of the republic is the settlement area of the small Turkic-speaking people of the Soyots , of whom 3,579 live in this part of the country.

Ethnic group	VZ 1926 ³		VZ 1939		VZ 1959		VZ 1970		VZ 1979		VZ 1989		VZ 2002		VZ 2010 ⁴
Ethnic group	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
Buryats ¹	214,957	43.8%	116,382	21.3%	135,798	20.2%	178,660	22.0%	206,860	23.0%	249,525	24.0%	272.910	27.8%	286,839	30.0%
Russians	258,796	52.7%	393.057	72.0%	502,568	74.6%	596.960	73.5%	647.785	72.0%	726.165	69.9%	665,512	67.8%	630,783	66.1%
Tatars	3,092	0.6%	3,840	0.7%	8,058	1.2%	9,991	1.2%	10,290	1.1%	10,496	1.0%	8,189	0.8%	6,813	0.7%
Ukrainians	1,982	0.4%	13,392	2.5%	10.183	1.5%	10,769	1.3%	15,290	1.7%	22,868	2.2%	9,585	1.0%	5,654	0.6%
Soyotes ²	161	0.0%	k. Ang.	?,?%	k. Ang.	?,?%	k. Ang.	?,?%	k. Ang.	?,?%	k. Ang.	?,?%	2,739	0.3%	3,579	0.4%
Evenks	2,791	0.6%	1,818	0.3%	1,335	0.2%	1,685	0.2%	1,543	0.2%	1,679	0.2%	2,334	0.2%	2,974	0.3%
German	164	0.0%	420	0.1%	2,032	0.3%	1,540	0.2%	1,648	0.2%	2.126	0.2%	1,548	0.2%	1,016	0.1%
Other	9,276	1.9%	16,857	3.1%	13,352	2.0%	12,646	1.6%	15,982	1.8%	25,393	2.4%	18,421	1.9%	17,344	1.8%
Residents	491.236	100%	545.766	100%	673.326	100%	812.251	100%	899,398	100%	1,038,252	100%	981.238	100%	972.021	100%
¹ 1939–1989 including the Soyotes ² 1939–1989 counted among the Buryats ^{3 In} 1926 Buryatia was larger. The area included regions which today belong to the Transbaikalia region and Irkutsk Oblast. ⁴ 17,019 people could not be assigned to any ethnic group. These people are probably distributed in the same proportion as the ethnically classified inhabitants.

The official languages are the Buryat language and the Russian language .

The Buryats profess themselves mainly to Buddhism ( Vajrayana or Lamaism ). Buryatia is one of the centers of Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism in Russia , along with Kalmukia and Tuva ; there are some monasteries.

Administrative division

Buryatia is divided into two city districts and 21 Rajons (districts).

See: Administrative Divisions of the Republic of Buryatia

Cities and urban settlements

The capital Ulan-Ude is the only big city. Severobaikalsk , Gussinoosjorsk and Kjachta follow at a great distance . There are a total of six cities and 14 urban-type settlements in the republic .

Biggest cities
Surname	Russian	Residents (October 14, 2010)
Ulan-Ude	Улан-Удэ	404.426
Severobaikalsk	Северобайкальск	24,929
Gussinoosjorsk	Гусиноозёрск	24,582
Kjachta	Кяхта	20,024

history

The Buryats belonged to the Mongol empire of Genghis Khan , which continued to exist there even after his death. The originally Russian city of Verkhne-Udinsk emerged from the construction of a Cossack fortress in 1666 between the two rivers Uda and Selenga, which was later renamed Ulan-Ude . The region's economic growth began with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway . In 1923 the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) was established. Before that there was a strong movement in Buryatia to unite the area with Mongolia. With the end of the Soviet Union, Buryatia declared itself sovereign and became an autonomous republic within Russia in 1992. President of the republic is Alexei Zydenow.

When the parliament dissolved the Supreme Court "to save costs", a party spoke up which spoke of a Russian occupation and was striving for independence from Buryatia. At the same time, the representation of Buryatia in Mongolia was abolished in 2018, obviously to prevent the establishment of closer relations between the Mongol peoples; the official Russian representation at the embassy was carried out by a person in charge who was averse to Buryat national affairs.

Transport and economy

The Trans-Siberian Railway runs through Buryatia . The largest airport is Baikal Airport near Ulan-Ude. The region is one of the well-developed within Siberia and is rich in natural resources. Mining, the wood industry, but also agriculture are among the most important branches of the economy.

Web links

Commons : Buryatia - collection of images, videos and audio files

Website of the Republic of Buryatia

Individual evidence

↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
↑ ^a ^b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
↑ Nacional'nyj sostav naselenija po sub "ektam Rossijskoj Federacii. (XLS) In: Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Rosstat, accessed on June 30, 2016 (Russian, ethnic composition of the population according to federal subjects , results of the 2010 census).
↑ Population of the Russian territorial units by nationality 2010 (Russian) http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_etn_10.php?reg=65
↑ Olaf Leiße : Politics beyond the Baikal. Multiethnicity in Buryatia. In: Eastern Europe . Vol. 56, No. 9, 2006, pp. 73-84.
^ Pan-Mongol Sentiments Re-Surfacing among Buryats , Window on Eurasia, May 20, 2018

[flaeche_metadaten-1] Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

[einwohner_aktuell-2] Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

[ethnien_2010-3] Nacional'nyj sostav naselenija po sub "ektam Rossijskoj Federacii. (XLS) In: Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Rosstat, accessed on June 30, 2016 (Russian, ethnic composition of the population according to federal subjects , results of the 2010 census).

[4] Population of the Russian territorial units by nationality 2010 (Russian) http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_etn_10.php?reg=65

[5] Olaf Leiße : Politics beyond the Baikal. Multiethnicity in Buryatia. In: Eastern Europe . Vol. 56, No. 9, 2006, pp. 73-84.

[6] Pan-Mongol Sentiments Re-Surfacing among Buryats , Window on Eurasia, May 20, 2018