Saint-Marcel (Savoie)
| Saint-Marcel | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Savoie | |
| Arrondissement | Albertville | |
| Canton | Moûtiers | |
| Community association | Coeur de Tarentaise | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 30 ' N , 6 ° 34' E | |
| height | 495-1,600 m | |
| surface | 8.76 km 2 | |
| Residents | 607 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 69 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 73600 | |
| INSEE code | 73253 | |
| Website | pombliere-saint-marcel.fr | |
 Saint-Marcel behind the Étroit de Siaix ravine between 1913 and 1920 |
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Saint-Marcel is a French municipality with 607 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Savoie in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . It belongs to the canton of Moûtiers in the Arrondissement of Albertville and is a member of the Cœur de Tarentaise community .
geography
location
Saint-Marcel is located at 630 m , about 50 kilometers east of the prefecture of Chambéry , 84 kilometers south-southeast of the city of Geneva and 74 km east-northeast of the city of Grenoble (as the crow flies). The village is on the banks of the Isère in the historic province of Tarentaise . Neighboring communities of Saint-Marcel are Montgirod in the north, Notre-Dame-du-Pré in the east, Feissons-sur-Salins in the south and Moûtiers and Hautecour in the west.
topography
The 8.76 km 2 municipal area covers a section of the Isère valley between Bourg-Saint-Maurice and Moûtiers and includes the immediate one to two kilometers wide area of the valley flanks on both sides. These continue to rise beyond the municipal boundary up to the high mountain massifs of the Beaufortain and Vanoise . Above Saint-Marcel, the valley narrows to the Étroit de Siaix , a bottleneck on the municipal boundary that is overcome by all infrastructure by means of tunnels. Several small mountain streams and gullies drain the valley flanks towards the Isère. Overall, the forest share of the municipal area is 79%, followed by industrial and commercial areas with 6%.
Community structure
The municipality of Saint-Marcel consists of three separate districts:
- the old Saint-Marcel ( 630 m ), consisting of only a few houses, on a ledge about 50 m above the Isère, which has dug a small ravine in this part;
- the industrial Pomblière ( 505 m ) and the adjoining settlement of La Saulcette , both down the valley at a point where the gorge widens to a wide valley floor;
- Montfort ( 979 m ) in the valley flank on the opposite side of the Isère.
The center of parish life has moved to Pomblière, where the Mairie , a school and the new parish church built in 1940 are located .
history
The Tarentaise was already settled by the Celtic people of the Ceutrons before Roman times. The parish of Saint-Marcel dates back to the High Middle Ages and was first mentioned in 1170 at the same time as the other parishes of the Tarentaise, but under the namesake Saint-Jacques . There was also a fortification in 1196 under the name Castellum Sancti Jacobi . About 100 years later, the current name appears in a Latin text ( Parocchia de Sancto Marcello ).
The pronounced slope of the Isère over the distance of a few kilometers between the Étroit de Siaix and Pomblière made it possible to build a hydropower station at an early stage and meant that the place developed from a small, very agricultural village into an industrial location within a few years. For this purpose, a 3,285 m long, mostly underground canal was built in 1898 between the Étroit de Siaix and a hilltop above Pomblière , which with the water of the Isère feeds several pressure pipes with a 65 m gradient and is still in operation today. The electrical energy obtained in this way supplied several metalworking and electrochemical factories, which were located in the immediate vicinity on the Pomblière valley floor, thus avoiding the costs and energy losses of a transmission line. The industrial site continued to develop during the 20th century and in 1923 specialized in the production of metallic sodium by means of electrolysis . For a long time, the systems belonged to the Pechiney Group and its predecessors Ugine and Ugine-Kuhlmann . In 1997, the chemical plants were spun off from Pechiney as Métaux Spéciaux SA and incorporated as a subsidiary in Alkaline SAS , which has been part of Nippon Sōda since 2011 .
For the transport of goods and workers, a railway connection to Moûtiers, a few kilometers away, had been available since 1893, today's Saint-Pierre-d'Albigny – Bourg-Saint-Maurice line , the extension of which was completed by Saint-Marcel in 1913. The municipality had a Pomblière-Saint-Marcel train station , which is still used today for freight traffic.
The hydropower available on the Pomblière pressure line was sufficient to operate another power station, which from 1906 to 1936 supplied energy to Lyon, 180 km away, to operate its electric tram via the Lyon – Moûtiers direct current line. With an initial power transmission of 4.3 MW and a final expansion to 14.7 MW at 100 kV , it was the largest HVDC of its time.
Attractions
There are village churches in Montfort , Pomblière and Saint-Marcel, of which the one in Saint-Marcel is the oldest. It corresponds to a previous building that was expanded in the 17th century.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 1.102 |
| 1968 | 1,045 |
| 1975 | 921 |
| 1982 | 778 |
| 1990 | 770 |
| 1999 | 678 |
| 2006 | 692 |
| 2011 | 645 |
With 607 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Saint-Marcel is one of the small communities in the Savoie department. After the population had been evenly around 400 in the 19th century, it rose sharply with industrialization in the 20th century and reached its peak in 1962 with 1102 inhabitants. The local residents of Saint-Marcel are called Saint-Marcelin (e) s in French .
Economy and Infrastructure
Saint-Marcel has been an industrial village since the beginning of the 20th century, the largest employer of which is the chemical works Métaux Spéciaux SA with around 250 employees. There are also a few local small businesses. In the meantime, the village has partly developed into a residential community whose employees work in the larger towns in the area.
The N90 crosses as a major route of the Tarentaise the municipality and provides connection points in La Saulcette , Pomblière and Saint-Marcel . Down the valley near Albertville it merges into the A430 motorway and avoids the Étroit de Siaix in a tunnel up the valley . The closest passenger station is Moûtiers. The airports in the region include Chambéry-Savoie (96 km away) and Geneva (124 km).
education
There is a primary school ( école primaire ) in Saint-Marcel .
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Saint-Marcel (French)
- Website of Métaux Spéciaux SA with details on the industrial history in Saint-Marcel (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2006 data from CORINE Land Cover , available e.g. B. at www.statistiques.developpement-durable.gouv.fr ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ A. Gros: Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de lieu de la Savoie . Belley, Imprimerie Aimé Chaduc, 1937, p. 426 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ A b JJ Vernier: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Savoie . Imprimerie Savoisienne, 1896, p. 650, 657 (French, online at BNF [accessed January 19, 2014]).
- ^ Saint-Pierre-d'Albigny-Bourg-Saint-Maurice. Retrieved March 8, 2015 (French).
- ↑ French Statistics Institute ( www.insee.fr )
- ↑ Saint-Marcel - notice communale. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved February 20, 2015 (French, INSEE population from 1968 ).
- ^ Complete dossier on Saint-Marcel. In: INSEE . Retrieved March 7, 2015 (French).
