Suuresadama
Coordinates: 58 ° 58 ' N , 22 ° 54' E
Suuresadama (historical German name Tiefenhafen ) is a village ( Estonian küla ) in the rural municipality Hiiumaa (until 2017: rural municipality Pühalepa ). It is located in the northeast of the second largest Estonian island Hiiumaa (German Dagö ).
Description and history
Today, Suuresadama has only 8 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2011). The village is located directly on the Baltic Sea , ten kilometers southeast of the island's capital, Kärdla . Other popular names of the place are Suursadam and Suursadama .
The port can already be found on a nautical chart from the 1570s. The place was first mentioned in 1593 as Serle ham (after the nearby village of Sääre ) or Djupham ( Swedish for "deep port").
In the Middle Ages, lime was burned in Suuresadama, at that time one of the island's most important export items.
port
In Suuresadama is the historic deep water port ( Suursadam ) of the island Hiiumaa. The German and Estonian name of the place, "large port", are derived from him. In 1638 a customs post was set up to facilitate trade with other Baltic ports. There has been evidence of shipbuilding in the area since the 17th century: around 1680 the Dutchman Erasmus Jakobson founded a large shipyard . Suuresadama also served as a winter port for coastal ships.
With the Soviet occupation of Estonia, a fishing kolkhoz was founded in Suuresadama. The facility used to be one of the most important fishing ports in West Estonia, but has largely lost its importance due to the ports of Kärdla and Heltermaa . The port is still used by fishing and pilot ships with a maximum length of 35 m and a maximum depth of 2.8 m. It houses a small shipyard .
Next to the harbor entrance are some historical anchors from the fleet of the Swedish King Charles XII. A small museum ( Suuresadama ajalootuba ) shows the history of the place. A historic warehouse is a listed building.
"Hioma"
The residents of the village are proud of the ship Hioma, which was built in Suuresadama in 1848 by order of the Baltic German nobleman Heinrich Georg Eduard von Ungern-Sternberg (1782–1861) . With 358 gross register tons, it was one of the largest sailing ships of its time in the Baltic States .
First Estonian ship that crossed Hioma 1854 the Equator , sailed in the southern hemisphere, rounded Cape Horn and continued with his Estonian crew in the Pacific Ocean . The ship sank in 1857.
literature
- Baltic historical local dictionary. Part 1: Estonia (including Northern Livonia). Started by Hans Feldmann . Published by Heinz von zur Mühlen . Edited by Gertrud Westermann . Cologne, Vienna 1985 (= sources and studies on Baltic history. Volume 8/1), ISBN 3-412-07183-8 , p. 594.
Web links
- Full description (Estonian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://pub.stat.ee/
- ↑ http://www.visitestonia.com/en/suursadam-harbour
- ^ The youngest son of Otto Reinhold Ludwig von Ungern-Sternberg
- ↑ Indrek Rohtmets: Kultuurilooline Eestimaa. Tallinn 2004 ( ISBN 9985-3-0882-4 ), p. 13