Kõrgessaare
Coordinates: 58 ° 59 ' N , 22 ° 28' E
Kõrgessaare ( Estonian Kõrgessaare alevik ) is a village ( Estonian küla ) in the northwest of the second largest Estonian island Hiiumaa (German Dagö ) directly on the Baltic Sea . Since 2017 it has been in the rural community Hiiumaa , from October 2013 to 2017 it belonged to the rural community Hiiu ( Hiiu vald ). Before that it was the main town in the rural community of Kõrgessaare ( Kõrgessaare vald ).
Description and history
Kõrgessaare (German Hohenholm ) has 364 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2011). The area is 6.6 km². The place was first mentioned in 1532 under the name Korkeszar .
Good Kõrgessaare
The Kõrgessaare Manor was founded in 1624. It was one of the possessions of the Swedish military leader Jakob De la Gardie (1583–1652).
A little further inland he began, among other things, with the first glass production in Estonia. The glassworks was in operation from 1628 to 1664. The village name Hüti still reminds of them . On the Baltic Sea, De la Gardie founded a port that had regular shipping to Stockholm in the 17th century .
In 1691 the estate was nationalized. After the Great Northern War , it fell to the noble Stenbock family in 1755 . In 1781, Count Carl Magnus Stenbock sold the property for 55,000 silver rubles to the Polish chamberlain Otto Reinhold Ludwig von Ungern-Sternberg (1744–1812). Later the land was divided among small Estonian farmers.
The mansion from the end of the 18th century was still made of wood. It was demolished in 1972. A storage building from 1787/1805, two lime kilns and the large schnapps distillery from the 1880s have been preserved. It houses a restaurant. In front of it is the estate's historic water rose pond.
Shipping
At Kõrgessaare an important shipping route runs across the Baltic Sea. The waters are considered dangerous by seafarers because of the shallows. Several ships sank off Kõrgessaare.
In folk tales, the place is closely associated with the noble Otto Reinhold Ludwig von Ungern-Sternberg (1744–1812), who is known in legends as a notorious “wrecker”. He is said to have set false beacons in order to mislead ships and to collect the cargo.
Count Ungern's stone is in Kõrgessaare. It contains three holes as a holder for the lantern, which shone through the forest aisle and attracted foreign ships to the limestone reef, which is only a meter below the surface of the water. The Kõpu lighthouse warns of the reef that seafarers know and fear under the name Neckmannsgrund (or Näkimadal or Hiiu madal) .
Industry
In 1907/1909, land on the peninsula connected to the port was sold to the Viscosa joint stock company based in Saint Petersburg , which consisted mainly of Belgian capital. The company built an artificial silk factory between 1911 and 1914 . However, the facility was never fully completed. In 1917 the buildings were blown up during the First World War . Since then, the place has also been popularly known as Viskoosa .
After the Second World War , a fish combine and later a canning factory were established in Kõrgessaare in the 1950s.
literature
- Baltic historical local dictionary. Part 1: Estonia (including Northern Livonia). Started by Hans Feldmann . Published by Heinz von zur Mühlen . Edited by Gertrud Westermann . Cologne, Vienna 1985 (= sources and studies on Baltic history. Volume 8/1), ISBN 3-412-07183-8 , pp. 119f.
Web links
- Full description (Estonian)
- Restaurant and guest house in the former distillery (Estonian, English, Finnish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://pub.stat.ee/
- ↑ Ivar Sakk: Eesti mõisad. Rice yuht. Tallinn 2002 ( ISBN 9985-78-574-6 ), p. 342
- ^ Thea Karin: Estonia. Cultural and scenic diversity in a historical borderland between east and west. Cologne 1994 (= DuMont art and landscape guide ) ISBN 3-7701-2614-9 , p. 338
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated August 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
