Villeneuve-Saint-Georges

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Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Coat of arms of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges (France)
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
region Île-de-France
Department Val-de-Marne
Arrondissement Créteil
Canton Choisy-le-Roi
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges ( chef-lieu )
Community association Métropole du Grand Paris and
Grand-Orly Seine Bièvre
Coordinates 48 ° 44 '  N , 2 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 44 '  N , 2 ° 27'  E
height 30-93 m
surface 8.75 km 2
Residents 33,545 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 3,834 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 94190
INSEE code 94078
Website www.villeneuve-saint-georges.fr

City aerial view

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is a French commune of the department of Val-de-Marne in the region Ile-de-France . It is assigned to the Arrondissement Créteil and the cantons of Choisy-le-Roi and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges , of which it is the capital.

geography

The city with 33,545 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) is located in the agglomeration of Paris 16 kilometers southeast of the center of the French capital. Located in the very south of the Val-de-Marne department, it borders the Essonne department and is a peripheral part of the natural Brie region .

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is located on the eastern bank of the Seine , which forms the border with the western municipalities of Villeneuve-le-Roi and Orly , at the confluence of the Yerres into the Seine. In the Middle Ages there was a ford in Villeneuve , which made it possible to cross the Seine on foot. Later there were three successive bridges over the Seine: the oldest was a stone bridge , the second was a suspension bridge (constructed by the engineer Marc Seguin ), and finally the current bridge, called Pont de Villeneuve-le-Roi , which was destroyed and during World War II was later rebuilt

Tectonically , the municipality of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is divided into two zones: a plateau on which the fortress and the Saint-Georges church are enthroned, and the valley floor in which the compactly built residential areas spread out.

traffic

The Yerres is crossed in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges by a 19th century bridge from the N6 national road , which runs from Paris to Lyon . At the same time there is a railway bridge.

The city is served by the two train stations Gare de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and Gare de Villeneuve-Triage and is considered a railway hub where the Paris-Lyon line and the Ligne de la grande ceinture de Paris line meet. It also has a train depot for TGV trains . The marshalling yard , which was one of the largest in Europe, was closed in 2011.

A project to build a city ​​gondola ( Métrocâble ) is currently being pursued. This means of transport could connect Villeneuve-Saint-Georges with the Paris suburb of Créteil , which is served by Métrolinie 8 , via the municipality of Limeil-Brévannes . The journey from the Bois Matar stop on the Villeneuve plateau to the Pointe du Lac station in Créteil would take only fourteen minutes. It would be a relatively inexpensive solution; a conventional connection, on the other hand, would require many engineering structures, such as tunnels and viaducts, since the ring railway and the autostraße route national 406 form a barrier.

District

The marshalling yard in the Villeneuve-Triage district
  • The Center ( Center ) is located in the south of the city on the Seine. In addition to numerous shops, the main train station is located there. The market takes place on Wednesdays and Saturdays.
  • The district hospital and the Château de Belleplace are located in the south-east of the Blandin / Belleplace district .
  • The Villeneuve-Triage district owes its name to the now disused marshalling yard . One of the last guinguettes (traditional dance cabaret of the Parisian suburbs) in the department is also located here.
  • The eastern district of Le Plateau / Hauts de Villeneuve is located on the Brie plateau and offers a beautiful view of the city and the valley. This is where the old fortress is located, which is now used by the Paris fire department as a training facility.
  • The northeastern district of Le Val Saint-Georges is a single-family housing estate.
  • Le Quartier Nord is the name of a compact housing estate with large buildings in the north of the city.
  • The Val Pompadour district offers space for industrial companies and large shopping centers such as the Conforama furniture store and the Lapeyre hardware store .

history

Prehistory and Antiquity

Archaeological finds such as flints , which were made by Francis Martin in the 19th century, testify that both the valley at the mouth of the Yerres and the plateau above Villeneuve were already inhabited during the Paleolithic and Neolithic . After the battle of Melun (Latin: Melodunum also Metiosedum ) the area went under after Titus Labienus' victory over the Gauls in 52 BC. In the Roman Empire . and the place was named Villa Nova ('New Town'), French Villeneuve

middle Ages

In the Middle Ages, Villeneuve was owned by the Saint-Germain-des-Prés Abbey from the 9th century and lived mainly from viticulture and agriculture. In 960 the abbey received relics from Saint George (the dragon slayer) from Spain. Villeneuve was then placed under the patronage of this Christian martyr and took the name Villa Nova Sancti Georgii (Villeneuve-Saint-Georges). The city was often visited by the French kings. Because of its strategic location, Villeneuve was besieged and plundered several times.

A letter from the French King Philippe Auguste from 1202 testifies that Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was an important and privileged transhipment point for Burgundy wines that were shipped across the Yonne and Seine. In 1249, the citizens of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, Crosne and Valenton paid the abbot Thomas de Mauléon 1,400 livre in order to be exempt from the waistline and formariage (levy for marriages outside of the city - marriages between unfree people of different domains). During the Hundred Years War , the Duke of Burgundy looted the city and set it on fire in 1420. On June 6, 1430 soldiers from Villeneuve-Saint-Georges defeated the English in a battle.

Modern times

In modern times, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges became a bourgeois town. It was then that the castles of Châteaux de Beauregard , Châteaux de Belleplace and Châteaux de Bellevue were built .

During the Second Huguenot War, the Protestant Louis I de Bourbon, Prince of Condé , devastated the city in 1562. and on February 16, 1568, Swiss mercenaries , who were recruited by the Prince of Condé and had to flee Paris after their defeat, pitched their camp in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. On July 7, 1589, the troops of the Catholic League besieged and occupied Paris Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and its surroundings. In 1590 the city was occupied by the Spaniards, who hurried to the aid of the beleaguered league players from the Spanish Netherlands .

In 1652 a battle took place on site between Marshal Turenne , military leader of the French king, and Charles IV , Duke of Lorraine.

Recent history

During the French Revolution, a national guard was formed in the city and the church was robbed by the population. Shortly afterwards, however, it became quiet in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and many personalities settled down, so u. a. the composer François-Adrien Boieldieu . Under the National Convention , aristocratic terms and names reminiscent of church saints were frowned upon, which is why Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was renamed Villeneuve-la-montagne in 1793 . The board of directors reversed this name change in 1795. In the years 1814/15 the city was occupied by the powers that had allied against Napoleon .

In 1827 the giraffe Zarafa , a gift from the Viceroy of Egypt to the French King Charles X , was temporarily housed in the royal stables of Belleplace Palace. In 1834 the new bridge over the Yerres was inaugurated and with the arrival of the railway in 1847 the farms quickly disappeared and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges became a typical working-class town.

In 1870 the Prussians occupied the city in the course of the Franco-Prussian War . After Bismarck's victory and German unification, the fortress of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was built in 1876, intended to protect Paris from another military incursion.

On the eve of the First World War , the city's population exceeded the 10,000 mark and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges had become one of the largest railroad cities on the continent. In 1908 the region experienced a great wave of strikes directed against the socialist government of Clemenceau . At that time, the massive use of the police against the strikers and demonstrators in Draveil and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges claimed several lives. It was the first time since the founding of the Third Republic that state security forces "wildly" shot a crowd of men, women and children.

On 29 July 1937 derailed the train station of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges due to an incorrectly placed Soft a train. 29 people died.

coat of arms

Blazon : “In blue over a blue shield base with a black shield, in it three silver disks (2: 1), accompanied by three golden lilies , a left-turned, silver, nimbated, armored rider on a mounted horse, a lance equipped with a spherical cross in the back pushing the open mouth of a left-turned, silver, resisting, winged, four-legged, striding dragon. "

Declaration of coat of arms: The rider depicts Saint George slaying a dragon, the base of the shield contains the coat of arms of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés .

Population development

year 1936 1946 1954 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2009 2016
Residents 21,237 18,299 21,596 28.091 30,467 31,664 28,119 26,952 28,361 31,013 32,966

Attractions

Saint-Georges church

Saint-Georges church

The parish church of Église Saint-Georges dates back to the 9th century, but was destroyed by the Norman invasions and largely renovated from the 12th century. The lower part of the tower dates back to the 9th century and bears the typical features of that time: It has a square floor plan, is rather hired and covered with a pyramid roof. Between 1530 and 1550 the church was enlarged. The main portal in Renaissance style dates from that time. There are three niches above the portal and two next to the portal. The central niches once housed the statues of the mother of Jesus , the prophet Simeon and the apostle Judas , the side niches the statues of the apostles Peter and Paul . The statues were destroyed during the French Revolution. Of the once four bronze bells, only one survived the turmoil of the revolution. The current clock was installed in 1846 and was made by J. Wagner.

Inside the church are the capitals from the 12th, the choir from the 13th and the pillars and nave from the 16th century. The wooden statue with St. Georg as a dragon slayer is from the 15th century and comes from the Abbey of Valloires . The brightly painted 25 centimeter stone Pietà in the sacristy is from the 15th century. The bas-relief carved in stone on the western pillar of the church tower is from the 16th century and measures 70 by 70 centimeters. It shows scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary . The 260 by 290 centimeter painting Adoration of the Magi was created around 1720 by Jean-Baptiste Oudry for the collegiate monastery of Saint-Martin-des-Champs in Paris. It was lost during the revolution when the Jacobins sold all the treasures of the monastery church. In 1832 it was found in a storage room.

The parish church of Saint-Georges has been a French cultural monument since 1925 .

Castles

  • 17th century Château de Belleplace
  • 17th century Château de Bellevue
  • The Château de Beauregard , from the 17th century, in its present form from the 19th century, belonged to Countess Hańska , wife of Honoré de Balzac .

Parks and green areas

  • Parc de Beauregard
  • The Château de Chevrette used to be located in the Parc de Chevrette park .
  • The Parc départemental de la Saussaie Pidoux is 8.8 hectares.
  • The Bois de Cobert and Bois des Carrières forests on the plateau
  • The banks of the Yerres and the Seine

Houses

Personalities

Sportsmen and women

  • The French racing driver Georges Grignard (1905–1977) was born in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French soccer player Maurice Lafont (1927-2005) was born in 1989 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French ski racer Patricia Chauvet was born in 1967 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The football player Mickaël Tavares was born in 1982 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French road cyclist Jérémie Galland was born in 1983 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The Moroccan soccer player Mehdi Taouil was born in 1983 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French soccer player Samuel Piètre was born in 1984 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The football player brothers Jacques Faty (* 1984) and Ricardo Faty (* 1986) were born in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French soccer player Yoan Gouffran was born in 1986 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • Geoffrey Lembet (* 1988), football goalkeeper
  • The French squash player Coline Aumard was born in 1989 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French road cyclist Loïc Desriac was born in 1989 in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges.
  • The French soccer player Nathanaël Mbuku was born in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in 2002.

Town twinning

literature

  • Didier Lamare: Le patrimoine des communes du Val-de-Marne . Flohic éditions, 1993.
  • H.-V. and A. Dandrieux: Histoire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges . Le Livre d'histoire, 1919.
  • Henri Javelle: Histoire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges . Aubanel Père, Avignon, 1938.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pont de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges - 1843 on art-et-histoire.com
  2. ^ Métrocâble pourrait rejoindre Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in Le Parisien on December 14, 2010
  3. ^ Métrocâble Créteil - Limeil-Brévannes - Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in the French-language wikipedia
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Henri Javelle: Histoire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges , p. 12ff. Aubanel Père, Avignon, 1938.
  5. ^ François Naudet: Carte archéologique de la Gaule - 94 Val-de-Marne, pp. 145-149. Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 2001.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g H.-V. and A. Dandrieux: Histoire de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges , pp. 17ff. le Livre d'histoire, 1919.
  7. ↑ Pierre de L'Estoile : Collection complète des mémoires relatifs à l'histoire de France , p. 405. Foucault, Paris, 1825.
  8. ↑ a b c Didier Lamare: Le patrimoine des communes du Val-de-Marne , p. 382ff. Flohic éditions, 1993.
  9. ↑ Girafe
  10. ^ Site de Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
  11. ↑ Entry no. PA00079919 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
  12. ↑ Honoré de Balzac and Eveline Hańska: Letters to the Foreign , Vol. 2. Insel Verlag, Leipzig, 1911.
  13. ^ A b Jean Gautier, Jean-Pierre Altounian, Véronique Aveneau and Christophe Aveneau: Villeneuve-Saint-Georges au fil d'un tableau . Société d'Art, Histoire et Archeologie de la vallée de l'Yerres, 1998.

Web links

Commons : Villeneuve-Saint-Georges  - Collection of images, videos and audio files