Cherves-Richemont
| Cherves-Richemont | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
|
|
|
| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Charente | |
| Arrondissement | cognac | |
| Canton | Cognac-1 | |
| Community association | Grand Cognac | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 45 ′ N , 0 ° 21 ′ W | |
| height | 5-73 m | |
| surface | 37.94 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,344 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 62 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 16370 | |
| INSEE code | 16097 | |
 Richemont - Château |
||
Cherves-Richemont is a commune in the west of France with 2,344 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) and belongs to the Charente in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . It consists of the three independent villages Cherves , Orlut and Richemont until 1972 .
location
The formerly independent villages are located at a height of approx. 40 to 60 meters above sea level. d. M. in the cultural landscape of western Angoumois about 5–8 kilometers (driving distance) northwest of Cognac . The small river Antenne flows through the municipality .
Population development
| year | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2016 |
| Residents | 2602 | 2665 | 2528 | 2445 | 2454 | 2385 |
economy
In the Middle Ages, grain, hemp and saffron were grown in the area ; viticulture essentially served the farmers to support themselves. With the increasing demand for wine and cognac and the classification of the two places in the area of the borderies , viticulture on a cultivation area of around 1000 hectares plays the dominant economic role today. About 750 hectares are forested; Grain (wheat, maize) and fodder are grown on the remaining areas.
history
As finds made of flint show, Neanderthals and other hunter and gatherer cultures roamed the area as early as prehistoric times . A Roman milestone indicates that the Via Agrippa , which ran from Bordeaux ( Burtigala ) via Saintes ( Mediolanum ) to Clermont ( Augustonemetum ), crossed the region. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Visigoths , and later the Vikings / Normans, roamed the area plundering and murdering.
Cherves is first mentioned as a viguerie in a document from the year 852 . The area belonged to the Duchy of Aquitaine , which after the divorce of the first marriage of the last heiress Eleanor of Aquitaine with Louis VII through the renewed marriage to Henry Plantagenet , the Duke of Normandy and Count of Anjou and his accession to the throne (1154) to the English crown fell. Under his son Richard the Lionheart , after several popular uprisings , the Charente suffered considerable devastation, including the castle of Richemont in 1179. The troubled and uncertain times lasted until 1258, when the Charente under Louis IX. contractually fell to the French crown; in the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453), however, the borders were again called into question.
Francis I used Richemont as an extension of his hunting area in the north of Cognac; in addition, he had large swamp areas drained. In the run-up to the Huguenot Wars (1562–1598), there were attacks by Protestants - during this time the so-called 'Church Treasure of Cherves' ( trésor de Cherves ) from the 13th century, which was rediscovered in 1896 and today for the most part, was buried is kept in the Musée national du Moyen Age in Paris.
After the French Revolution , which took place in many rural areas without major damage, the demand for wine and wine products ( eau de vie ) increased more and more. The relative prosperity of the population achieved as a result was called into question again by the phylloxera crisis in the second half of the 19th century.
Attractions
In the Cherves-Richemont area there are a large number of listed buildings and other sights, most of which, however, are of limited tourist interest.
- Cherves
- The single-nave Saint-Vivien in Cherves priory church, dependent on the Abbey of Saint-Léger in Ebreuil, dates mainly from the 12th century; it impresses with its three-storey - albeit unadorned - west facade with a beautiful archivolt portal without a tympanum . The apse of the church is decidedly more richly structured: half-column templates subdivide the semicircle into five segments, in which alternating windows and blinds with inserted columns are embedded. The substructure of the tower on the north side and the smaller apse adjoining it to the east probably date from the same era. In the 15th century, the church received a tower structure with a pointed stone helmet and was converted into a fortified church by means of a loop-hole reinforced passage at the height of the eaves . Church construction has been registered as a monument historique since 1988 .
- A modern wrought-iron cross stands on a stone plinth from the 15th century on the north side of the church; the base has been registered as a monument historique since 1932 .
- The Château de Chesnel is about two kilometers northwest of Cherves. The huge area was acquired by Jacques Chesnel, the governor of Cognac, around 1530, but it was not until 1610 that construction began on what is now the castle under his grandson Charles-Roch Chesnel. The three-wing complex with its two-storey middle wing and its significantly lower, but also two-storey side wings with mansard roofs, which in turn end in higher corner buildings, with their rectangular windows (some with crossed windows) and their renunciation of round towers clearly has a Renaissance character , but The building surprises with a circumferential, slightly protruding parapet at the height of the eaves, which is strongly reminiscent of medieval machinists . Also unusual are the flat roofs, for which there were no models in the palace construction of the time. The castle is now privately owned by the Roffignac cognac company, but can be visited in the summer months (June 15 to September 15) by appointment; it has been recognized as a monument historique since 1965 . (see also: Taubenturm (Cherves-Richemont) )
- About halfway between Cherves and Richemont is the Logis de Boussac , a small single-storey mansion from around 1800: The staircase and a kind of balustrade above the entrance portal are worth seeing. This building has also been registered as a Monument historique since 1987 .
- Orlut
In Orlut there are still two gates from the 18th century as well as a fountain in the form of a field stone hut made of dry brickwork ( cabane ).
- Richemont
- From the first Château de Richemont , which was built around the year 1000, nothing remains after the destruction by Richard the Lionheart (1179). The new building with its round corner towers took place a short time later, but at the beginning of the 17th century the complex was considered uninhabitable and was demolished. Instead, a two-storey new building was built in the Renaissance style, which is more impressive for its provincial simplicity than for its architectural sophistication. There is a stone coat of arms above the simple entrance portal. The simple bell gable with a stone cross is an addition from the 19th century, when the building complex was temporarily used as a seminary. The site with the ruins of the first castle has been a classified site ( Site Classé ) since 1937 and is entered in the Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel . The castle building now serves as an agricultural school.
- Of the medieval church of Saint-Georges, located about 500 meters south of Richemont in a wooded area, only the crypt from the 10th century has survived; the entire west facade and essential parts of today's church building were fundamentally revised or renewed in the middle of the 19th century. The groin vaults of the crypt rest on monolithic columns and brick pillars. The capitals are decorated with beautiful vegetable motifs; even the fighter plates are profiled or decorated in some other way. The crypt has been classified as a monument historique since 1907 .
church
Crypt (-> east)
Crypt (-> west)
Crypt (-> north)
- The Logis de Saint-Remy is located about 1.5 kilometers southwest of Richemont. It dates from the same time as the Château de Boussac and is also only one-story. It is recognized as a monument historique since 1979 .
Partner municipality
The municipality has had a partnership with the Moral de Calatrava municipality (Spain) since 1993
literature
- Châteaux, manoirs et logis - La Charente. Éditions Patrimoine et Médias, 1993, ISBN 2-910137-05-8
Web links
- Château de Chesnel and Cognacs Roffignac - photos + information
- Cherves, Saint-Vivien Church - aerial view, photo + brief information (in French)
- Cherves, stone base + iron cross - aerial photo, photo + brief information (French)
- Cherves, Château Chesnel - aerial view, photo + brief information (in French)
- Cherves-Richemont, Logis de Boussac - aerial view, photo + brief information (in French)
- Richemont, Church - aerial view, photo + brief information (in French)
- Cherves-Richemont, Logis de Saint-Remy - aerial view, photo + brief information (in French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cherves-Richemont - Viticulture
- ^ List of properties and list of chattels in Cherves-Richemont
- ↑ Église Saint-Vivien, Cherves in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Église Saint-Vivien, Cherves in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Croix de Fer, Cherves in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Château de Chesnel, Cherves in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Logis de Boussac, Cherves-Richemont in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Château de Richemont, Richemont in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Église de Richemont, Richemont in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Logis de Saint-Remy, Cherves-Richemont in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)