List of stumbling blocks in Willich

The list of stumbling blocks in Willich contains all the stumbling blocks that were laid by Gunter Demnig in Willich as part of the project of the same name . It commemorates the victims of National Socialism who lived and worked in Willich.

To the context

In October and December 1941, Jews and their children were deported to the Litzmannstadt ghetto and the Riga ghetto . On July 25, 1942, privileged Jews (a term commonly used in literature) who had been spared until then were deported: Jews over 65 years of age, severely disabled people , those with war decorations and half-Jews and Jews from mixed marriages .

At noon on July 25, 1942, a train started at Düsseldorf-Derendorf station in which 1,000 Jews were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto in northern Bohemia. Of these, only 61 survived the Holocaust . There were also nine Jews from Anrath, Schiefbahn and Willich on the train; none of them survived.

Laying stumbling blocks

Anrath district

address	Laying date	Person, inscription	image	annotation
Gartenstrasse 2	0December 9, 2013	Adelheid Laubinger, born in 1901, was imprisoned here . Arrested in 1942, Ravensbrück. Deported in 1943, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Mauthausen, Bergen-Belsen. Liberated. Survived	Stumbling block for Laubinger, Adelheid	Adelheid Laubinger belonged to the Sinti and Roma tribe . She was married to the trader Julius Laubinger. In 1932 she was in Anrath prison and gave birth to her son Günter . The abbreviation "BV" next to her name stands for professional criminal. Unfortunately, it could not be clarified to what act her stay in prison was due. In 1942 she was arrested by the Berlin criminal police and taken to Ravensbrück . Then she was in the concentration camps Auschwitz, Bergen-Belsen and Mauthausen . Adelheid Laubinger survived all camps and death marches. In 1947, however, she died of the agony suffered in the process. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Born here Günter Laubinger Jg. 1932 Deported 1943 Auschwitz-Birkenau Murdered 03/24/1944	Stumbling block for Laubinger, Günter	On September 24, 1932, Adelheid Laubinger, née Franz , gave birth to a son named Günter in prison in Anrath. Both the mother and the father, the trader Julius Laubinger, belonged to the Sinti and Roma ethnic group. On March 23, 1943, Günter Laubinger was transported to Auschwitz by Sinti and Roma. His inmate number was Z-5068. His father Julius was also in the same transport. His mother Adelheid had been deported five days earlier. Günter Laubinger died on March 24, 1944 in the Birkenau extermination camp. (Source: Willich City Archives )
	19th December 2016	Karl Gustav Hackelberg, born in 1923, was imprisoned here . Belgian 'protective custody' 1943 Dead April 14, 1943 Circumstances never resolved	Stumbling block for Hackelberg, Karl Gustav	Karl Gustav Hackelberg (* July 28, 1923 in Cologne), a tailor by profession. He emigrated / fled to Brussels , where he was arrested and held as a so-called "protective prisoner" in Anrath prison. There he died of a hemorrhage on April 14, 1943.
		Here imprisoned Dr. Emil Hirsch Born 1876 Protective custody 1943 Dead 11.10.1932 Circumstances never clarified	Stumbling block for Hirsch, Dr. Emil	Emil Hirsch, born on September 2nd, 1875, came from Rügenwalde in Pomerania and lived as a doctor and lecturer in Berlin . He died on October 11, 1943 as a so-called "protective prisoner" in Anrath prison. Circulatory failure was given as the cause of death.
		Here jailed Simon autumn Jg. 1905 Arrested in 1943 prison Trier prison Anrath Dead 12/12/1943 never clarified circumstances	Stumbling block for fall, Simon	The driver Simon Herbst, born on November 3rd, 1905, lived in Berlin. He died as a so-called "protective prisoner" on December 12, 1943 in Anrath prison of pneumonia. His wife Jita and his parents had emigrated to Limoges, France.
Jakob-Krebs-Strasse 39	0December 8, 2014	Here lived Irma servos Born Strauss Vol. 1893 Escape 1939 USA	Stumbling block for Irma servos	Born as a German Jew on May 24, 1985 in San Francisco , married Ferdinand Servos on January 7, 1921 in Hamburg . Relocation to Anrath , where the son Arthur was born. After Ferdinand's arrest on November 10, 1938 in Bremerhaven , the family emigrated to New York on October 28, 1939 . Irma Servos died in Florida on June 23, 1975. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Arthur Servos, born in 1921, lived here . Escape 1939 USA	Stumbling block for Arthur Servos	Born in 1921 to Ferdinand and Irma Servos , emigrated to New York (arrival November 10, 1939). Arthur joined the US Army on October 26, 1942 and served as a sergeant in the Pacific during World War II . In 1951 he married Eileen Grossmann. On February 3, 1964, he died in a plane crash in Alachua ( Florida ); he was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Gainesville, Florida . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Jenny Levi-Servos, born in 1897, lived here . Escape 1939 Holland Interned Westerbork Deported 1943 Sobibor Murdered May 28, 1943	Stumbling block for Jenny Levi servos	Jenny Servos was the youngest of the six children of the Anrath Jew Meier Servos and Fanny Abraham. In 1924 she and her friend Josefine Derks founded the textile retail business "Servos und Derks" in their parents' house at Bahnstrasse 39. Josefine Derks was the sole owner according to commercial regulations, Jenny Servos provided the premises. Although Jenny Servos left the business after the Nazis came to power, it continued to be viewed as a “Jewish business”. The local party leadership called for a boycott and warned against shopping there. In April 1938 Jenny moved to live with her brother Max in Krefeld , and in 1939 she emigrated to the Netherlands . Josefine Derks helped her to move furniture and furnishings across the border. Via The Hague , she came to Amsterdam , where she married Louis Levi. She lived there under the name Jenny Levi-Servos in the house at Bronckhorststraat 34. On May 25, 1942, she was deported from Westerbork to the Sobibor extermination camp , where she was murdered on May 28. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Here lived Ferdinand servos Jg. 1888 'protective custody' in 1938 Sachsenhausen flight 1939 United States	Stumbling block for Ferdinand Servos	Ferdinand Servos was born in Anrath in 1888 as the eldest son of the Jew Meier Servos and his wife Fanny (née Abraham). He lived with his parents and five siblings in the house at Bahnstrasse 39. On January 7, 1921, he married Irma Strauss in Hamburg , the couple then lived in the Anrath family home, where their son Arthur was born in 1921 . In 1925 he passed his share of the inheritance of the parents of his younger sister Jenny . On November 10, 1938, he was arrested in Bremerhaven and taken to the Wesermünde prison, then interned in the Oranienburg concentration camp. On October 28, 1939, he emigrated with his wife and son to New York via Antwerp . Emil Liffmann, who lived in the Bronx , was given as the destination . Since Irma's death in 1945, " Aufbau " was published in the German-language newspaper . (Source: Willich City Archives )
Jakob-Krebs-Strasse 59	0December 9, 2016	Erna Haas née Servos, born in 1900, lived here . Escape 1938 England USA Survived	Stumbling block for Haas, Erna	Erna Servos, born in 1900, was the sixth child of Moses Servos, a Jew from Anrath, and Klara Kaufmann. She lived with her parents and sister in the house at Bahnstrasse 59, and later at Bahnstrasse 34, and worked temporarily as a housekeeper. She married a Ludwig Haas and moved with him to Cologne-Marienburg in January 1936 . In March 1938 Erna then applied to emigrate to England / Lostwithiel . In May 1938 she left Anrath. On October 31, 1939, her German citizenship was revoked. Unfortunately nothing is known about her further life. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Helene Servos, born in 1898, lived here . Escape 1938 Belgium Interned Drancy Deported 1942 Murdered September 11, 1942 Auschwitz	Stumbling block for servos, Helene	Helene Servos was the daughter of the Anrath Jew Moses Servos and Klara Kaufmann. She was single and lived in the Bahnstr. 59. Together with her sister , she applied for a passport for the purpose of emigrating to Holland , but it was probably not issued to her. On July 17, 1939, she moved to Krefeld and lived there in the house at Langemarckstrasse 243. From there, she emigrated to Belgium in October 1939. From Drancy in France, Helene Servos was deported to Auschwitz on August 10, 1942, where she was murdered on September 11, 1942. In 1951 she was officially declared dead by the Krefeld District Court. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Jakob-Krebs-Strasse 68	0December 9, 2013	Friederike Cohen, born in 1881, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Fate unknown	Stumbling block for Friederike Cohen	Friederike Cohen was born on August 22nd, 1881 in Anrath as the daughter of Anratherin Rosa Katz and the trader Jakob Cohen (from Dingden near Münster ), she had eleven siblings. She remained single throughout her life and last lived with her sister Henriette in the house at Bahnstrasse 68. On December 11, 1941, she was deported to Riga , declared dead after the war. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Henriette Cohen, born in 1878, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Fate unknown	Stumbling block for Henriette Cohen	Henriette Cohen was born on November 20th, 1878 in Anrath as the daughter of Anratherin Rosa Katz and the trader Jakob Cohen (from Dingden near Münster ), she had eleven siblings. She remained single throughout her life and last lived with her sister Friederike in the house at Bahnstrasse 68. On December 11, 1941, she was deported to Riga, declared dead after the war. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Church square 4-6	March 13, 2014	Charlotte Servos, née Sabel, born in 1914, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered October 22, 1944 Stutthof	Stumbling block for Charlotte servos	Charlotte Servos was born on September 15, 1914 as the daughter of Georg and Rosa Sabel in Krefeld and grew up there with her siblings Julius and Frieda. Julius and Frieda fled to Lithuania in 1939, Charlotte stayed in Krefeld because of her relationship with Fritz Servos from Anrath . Together with her husband and parents, she was deported to Riga on December 11, 1941 and died in the Stutthof concentration camp on October 22, 1944 . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ella Servos, born in 1908, lived here . Escape 1938 England Survived	Stumbling block for Ella servos	Ella Servos (born February 12, 1908) was the oldest child of Max "Öler" Servos, a Jew from Anrath, and Rosa Rosenberg . She had two siblings, Fritz (* 1909) and Meta (* 1919). Ella lived with her parents in the house at Kirchplatz 5. In April 1939 she applied to emigrate to England . In the same month she left Anrath and traveled to Fowey / Cornwall . In 1940 Ella Servos was officially expatriated. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Fritz Servos, born in 1909, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered 1944 Buchenwald	Stumbling block for Fritz Servos	Fritz Servos (born September 7, 1909 in Willich) was the son of Max Servos and Rosa Rosenberg . He had two sisters, Ella and Meta . Fritz Servos lived with his parents in the building at Kirchplatz 5. He worked as a clerk in the Jakob Krebs cloth factory. In 1939 he applied to the emigration office for a passport to leave the country for Shanghai . His plans to leave the country were probably destroyed by the outbreak of war. On November 29, 1941, he married the unskilled worker Charlotte Sabel (born September 15, 1914 in Krefeld), who lives in Krefeld. From Anrath, Fritz Servos and his wife were deported to the ghetto in Riga on December 11, 1941. Several Anrath soldiers serving in the east saw him there. a. Heinrich Bontenakels. After the liquidation of the Riga ghetto, he was deported via Stutthof to the Buchenwald concentration camp in 1944 , where he was probably murdered. His wife Charlotte died on October 22, 1944 in the Stutthof concentration camp. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		This is where Max Servos, born in 1877, lived . Deported in 1942 Theresienstadt Tot on March 3rd, 1944	Stumbling block for Max servos	Max Servos was born on January 9th, 1877 as the second son of Joseph Servos and Sibilla Frenkel. He married in Ahlen originating Rosa Rosenberg . The couple had three children: Ella (* 1908), Fritz (* 1909) and Meta (* 1918). The family lived in the house at Kirchplatz 5-7. Max Servos ran a clothing store in which he sold manufactured goods and work clothing. He also ran an oil trade, which is why he was known in Anrath under the name "The Oiler". Max Servos participated in the First World War and received the Iron Cross . He was deeply rooted in Anrath's social life, was one of the founders of the Anrath gymnastics club in 1899 and was a member of the Anrath Bürgererschützengesellschaft. The daughters Ella and Meta emigrated to England in 1939; Max, his wife and son Fritz stayed in Anrath. Max and Rosa Servos were deported to Theresienstadt on July 25, 1942. She died there on January 23, 1943 and he on March 3, 1944. His son Fritz was deported in 1944 from the Riga ghetto via Stutthof to the Buchenwald concentration camp , where he was probably murdered. (Source: stadt-willich.de )
		Meta Servos born in 1918 lived here . Escape 1938 England Survived	Stumbling block for Meta servos	Meta Servos (born June 25, 1918) was the third and youngest child of Max "Öler" Servos, a Jew from Anrath, and Rosa Rosenberg . She had two siblings, Ella (* 1908) and Fritz (* 1909). Meta lived with her parents in the house church square 5. After visiting the elementary school and the Lyceum in Viersen made them a lesson in Krawattenfabrik Karl Leven in Krefeld. On February 20, 1939, she moved to Krefeld and lived there at Lohstrasse 109 with the Leven family, where she also worked as a household helper. On June 21, 1939, she was arrested on charges of " racial disgrace ". After a while she was released on condition that she leave the Reich territory within 24 hours. She then emigrated to Fowey in England on August 12, where her sister Ella was already living. She later lived in Manchester at 17 Downham Grove, Prestwich, Manchester M25 8DA. From there she applied for her re-naturalization in 1993, which was also approved by the German authorities in January 1994. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Rosa Servos, née Rosenberg, born in 1876, lived here . Deported in 1942 Theresienstadt Tot 23.1.1944	Stumbling block for pink servos	Rosa Rosenberg was born on June 29th, 1876, she came from Ahlen. She married Max Servos, an oil dealer in Anrath . The couple had three children: Ella (* 1908), Fritz (* 1909) and Meta (* 1918). The family lived in the house at Kirchplatz 4-6. Ella and Meta Servos emigrated to England in 1939. Rosa Servos was deported to Theresienstadt on July 25, 1942, together with her husband. There she died on January 23, 1944. A "heart defect" was named as the cause of death. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Church square 21	0December 9, 2013	Henni Servos, born in 1927, lived here . Escape 1939 USA Survived	Stumbling block for Henni Servos	Henni Servos was the oldest child of the Jewish couple Albert and Ilse Servos . Together with their parents and their younger brother Kurt they lived in the house at Marktplatz 3 (today Kirchplatz 21). The entire family emigrated to the USA in 1939 . There they settled in New Jersey , where the father opened a furniture store. Henni went to school in the city ​​of Orange and studied at Drew University in Madison New Jersey (USA) . There she married Dr. Nathaniel Schneider; the couple had three children. Because of her childhood experiences, Henni repeatedly refused to ever return to Germany. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ilse Servos, born Servos, born in 1899, lived here . Escape 1939 USA Survived	Stumbling block for Ilse servos	Ilse Servos was the oldest child of Julius Servos, a Jew from Anrath, and Henny Frank. In 1926 she married the distant relative Albert Servos , the couple had two children, Jenny (* 1927) and Kurt (* 1929). The family lived in Ilse's parents' house at Marktplatz 3. On July 25, 1939, the family emigrated to New Jersey in the USA. Ilser Servos died in 1955. Her husband then married her sister Hilde. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Here lived Albert servos Jg. 1901 'protective custody' 1938 Dachau flight 1939 US Survived	Stumbling block for Albert Servos	Albert Servos was the youngest child of Moses Servos and Klara Kaufmann. In 1926 he married Ilse Servos , the couple had two children, Jenny (* 1927) and Kurt (* 1929). The family lived in Marktplatz 3 (today Kirchplatz 21), where Albert Servos ran a cattle trade before his license was revoked in 1938. After the Reichspogromnacht he was taken to the Dachau concentration camp on November 17, 1938 and only released on January 12, 1939. On July 25, 1939, he emigrated to the USA with his entire family. She settled in Orange Newark, New Jersey, where Albert Servos opened a furniture store. After the death of his wife Ilse in 1955, he married her sister Hilde. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Here lived Herbert servos Jg. 1908 'protective custody' 1938 Dachau Deported 1941 Riga murdered in Stutthof	Stumbling block for Herbert Servos	Herbert Servos (born July 27, 1908 in Anrath) was the youngest son of the Anrath Jew Julius Servos and Henny Frank. He lived in Anrath in the building Adolf-Hitler-Platz (Marktplatz) 3. Herbert was single and worked as a business assistant. As a result of the Reichspogromnacht he was interned in Dachau on November 17, 1938 . From there on January 21, 1939, an application was made to create an identification card. He was released on February 2, 1939. A little later he applied to the emigration office in Stuttgart for a passport to leave the United States. Due to the late registration, he was given a high processing number and the outbreak of war on September 1, 1939 put an end to all plans to leave the country. From Anrath he was deported to Riga on December 11th, 1941, where he also died. After the war he was pronounced dead. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Kurt Servos, born in 1929, lived here . Escape 1939 USA Survived	Stumbling block for Kurt Servos	Kurt Servos was the second child of the Jewish couple Albert and Ilse Servos . He lived with his parents and his older sister Henni in the house at Marktplatz 3 (today Kirchplatz 21). Kurt Servos emigrated to the USA with his parents and sister in 1939. The family settled in New Jersey, where the father opened a furniture store. Kurt Servos received a scholarship that enabled him to study geology at Yale University . In 1957 he became an assistant at Stanford University . After the death of his father, Kurt initially took over the family business, but followed the call of Menlo College in Atherton (California) in 1967 . Over the years Servos acquired a collection of graphics by the Dutch artist MC Escher . He left this to Yale University . In 1977 he visited his home in Anrath for a month. On November 9, 1988, Kurt Servos wrote a detailed letter to Sandra Neffgen, then a 9th grade student at St.-Bernhard-Gymnasium, in which he described the events in Anrath around the Reichspogromnacht. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Viersenerstraße 10	0December 9, 2013	Alfred Servos, born in 1908, lived here . Escape 1935 Palestine Survived	Stumbling block for Alfred Servos	Alfred Servos was the second son of Gabriel Servos and Sophia Rollmann. He was single and lived with his parents in Viersener Strasse 10. On February 20, 1935, he emigrated to Portsakalos in Czechoslovakia and from there to Palestine. According to Kurt Servos , Alfred Servos joined a Jewish brigade there, but was not deployed in Germany. The rumor that Alfred Servos was there when the Americans occupied Anrath in March 1945 could not be substantiated. After the Second World War he lived in Israel . From there, he requested that his father Gabriel to be declared dead. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Gabriel Servos, born in 1874, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt Murdered Sept. 1942 Treblinka	Stumbling block for Gabriel Servos	Gabriel Servos was born on April 22nd, 1874 as the eldest son of Joseph Servos and Sibilla Fraenkel in Anrath. He was married to Sophia Rollmann, the couple had two children, Julius (* 1907) and Alfred (* 1908). The family lived in the building at Viersener Strasse 10, Gabriel ran an umbrella shop with umbrella repairs. Sophia Rollmann died in Süchteln on October 12, 1931 . After Gabriel Servos was forced to give up his business in 1938, he had to sell the house at Viersener Strasse 10 to master butcher Karl Nöhles in February 1942. He then lived in the house at Kirchplatz 5 with his brother Max's family . On July 25, 1942, he was deported to Theresienstadt with his brother Max and his wife Rosa , on September 29, 1942 he was taken from there to the Treblinka extermination camp , where he was probably murdered immediately. After the war he was pronounced dead. David Rollmann, a nephew of his wife Sophia, inquired in March 1950 about the property of Gabriel Servos at the Krefeld District Court as part of the "reparation law". (Source: Willich City Archives )
Viersenerstrasse 17	0December 9, 2013	Berta Grünewald, born in 1887, lived here . Deported 1941 Ghetto Riga Fate unknown	Stumbling block for Berta Grünewald	Berta Grünewald was born on March 20, 1887 in Rhaunen . She remained single all of her life. Later she lived in Wickrath . From there she moved to Anrath on April 22, 1935, where she lived in Viersener Strasse 10 and worked as a housekeeper. Later she probably moved to Viersener Strasse 17. In 1939 her brother Moses moved to live with her from Rhaunen. On December 11, 1941, the siblings were deported to Riga. Berta Grünewald perished there. After the war she was pronounced dead. In 1950 a surviving brother, who emigrated to Palestine in 1936, inquired about the whereabouts of his siblings through the district court of Rhaunen at the municipal office in Anrath. The municipal administration of Anrath replied to the district court in Rhaunen on September 2nd, 1950 that Moses and Berta Grünewald "emigrated on December 10th, 1941. No information on their whereabouts could be made from here". (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Moses Grünewald, born in 1888, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered in Auschwitz	Stumbling block for Moses Grünewald	Moses Grünewald was born on April 14, 1888 in Rhaunen. On May 19, 1939, he moved from there to his sister Berta in Anrath, at the Cassel family home, Viersener Strasse 10. They later lived in Viersener Strasse 17. The siblings were deported to Riga on December 11, 1941. According to the Federal Archives, Moses Grünewald was taken from there to Auschwitz, where he was murdered. After the war he was pronounced dead. In 1950 a surviving brother, who emigrated to Palestine in 1936, inquired about the whereabouts of his siblings through the district court of Rhaunen at the municipal office in Anrath. The municipal administration of Anrath replied on September 2nd, 1950 that Moses and Berta Grünewald "emigrated on December 10th, 1941. No information about their whereabouts could be made from here". (Source: Willich City Archives )
Viersenerstrasse 37	0December 9, 2013	Emmy Cassel née Salmon, born 1874, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt Tot October 12, 1942	Stumbling block for Emmy Cassel	Emmy Cassel (according to this source "Emma Cassel" ), b. January 4th, 1874 in Krefeld, was the daughter of the Krefeld Jew Jakob Salmon and Rosette Wiehl. She worked as a manufactured goods dealer in Krefeld and stayed there when her parents emigrated to New York . On July 7, 1914, she married Sieghard Cassel and moved with him to Anrath. There they ran a butcher's shop in today's building at Viersener Straße 37. In 1936, Sieghard Cassel had to give up his butcher's shop, the couple lived in the "Judenhaus" at Kirchplatz 5. From there they were deported to Theresienstadt on July 25, 1942 , where Emmy Cassel died on October 12, 1942 from pneumonia. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Sieghard Cassel, born in 1886, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt Murdered October 12, 1942 Auschwitz	Stumbling block for Sieghard Cassel	Sieghard Cassel was born on February 9th, 1886 to Leib Cassel and Rosalie Cohn. He came from Lauenburg (Pomerania) and later worked as a businessman in Frankfurt am Main . On July 8, 1914, he married Emmy Salmon, who was 12 years his senior from Krefeld . During the First World War he served in a dragoon regiment. The couple lived in Anrath after the First World War, where Sieghard ran a butcher's shop in today's building at Viersener Strasse 37. The Cassels were popular in the village, which is also proven by their membership in and support for Anrath associations. In September 1929 he was one of the co-founders of the "Kavallerie-Verein Anrath 1929". In 1936 he had to give up the butcher's shop; the couple last lived in the "Judenhaus" at Kirchplatz 5. On July 25, 1942, the couple were deported to Theresienstadt . On May 15, 1944, Sieghard Cassel was brought from there on May 15, 1944 to Auschwitz and murdered. (Source: Willich City Archives )

Neersen district

address	Laying date	Person, inscription	image	annotation
Kickenstrasse 14	19th December 2016	Manfred Salmons, born in 1934, lived here . Deported 1942 Minsk Murdered in Maly Trostinez	Stumbling block for Salmons, Manfred	Manfred Salmons was born in Munich on April 10th, 1934 . He was the son of Max and Cilli Salmons and lived in Neersen, Gelsenkirchen and most recently in Cologne . From Cologne he was deported to Minsk on July 20th, 1942 and murdered in the Maly Trostinez extermination camp .
		Cilli Salmon, born in Lomnitz, born in 1899, lived here . Deported in 1942 Minsk. Murdered in Maly Trostinez	Stumbling block for Salmons Cilli	Cilli Salmons, b. Lomnitz was born on July 25th, 1899 as the daughter of Heinrich and Jenny Lomnitz in Dusseldorf. She was married to Max Salmons and initially lived in Neersen (later in Gelsenkirchen and Cologne), they had a son ( Manfred ). From Cologne, Cilli was deported to Minsk on July 20th, 1942 and murdered in the Maly Trostinez extermination camp .
		Max Salmons, born in 1895, lived here . Deported 1942 Minsk Murdered in Maly Trostinez	Stumbling block for Salmons, Max	Max Salmons was born on March 15th, 1895 as the son of Hermann and Emma Salmons in Neersen. He was married to Cilli Lomnitz and lived in Neersen (later in Gelsenkirchen and Cologne), they had a son ( Manfred ). From Cologne the family was deported to Minsk on July 20th, 1942 and murdered in the Maly Trostinez extermination camp .
Hauptstrasse 55	0December 6, 2018	Here lived Ernst Levy Jg. 1886 admitted 12.2.1941 hospital Grafenberg 'Pave' 02/15/1941 Hadamar Murdered 15.2.1941 'Action T4'	Stumbling blocks Willich: Levy, Ernst	Ernst Levy was born in 1886. He had a physical, mental or emotional disability and was therefore - like around 70,000 other people of all origins in the Third Reich - murdered. Ernst was admitted to the Grafenberg sanatorium on February 12, 1941 and transferred to the Hadamar killing center on February 15, 1941 , where he was killed on the same day - as part of the T4 campaign .
Hauptstrasse 61	0December 6, 2018	Otto Salmon, born in 1899, lived here, fled 1938 Argentina	Stumbling blocks Willich: Salmons, Otto	Otto Salmons was born on December 16, 1899 as the son of Herrmann Salmons (* approx. 1870) and his wife Emma Salmons, b. Herrmanns (* approx. 1870) born in Neersen, cattle dealer is specified as a profession. He married Charlotte Mosbach (* 15.08.1904) , aSon and two daughters from his first marriage ( Lore (* 13.11.1927) and Hanna (* 1937) ) are known. Otto fled to Argentina on January 13, 1938, where he died in 1960.
		Charlotte Salmon's née Mosbach, born in 1904, lived here, escaped from Argentina in 1941	Stumbling blocks Willich: Salmons, Charlotte	Charlotte Mosbach was born on August 15, 1904 as the daughter of Gustav Mosbach (1877-1942) and his wife Hedwig Mosbach, b. Block (1880-1942) was born in Schönebeck (Elbe) , the profession is given as a cashier. She married Otto Salmons (* December 16, 1899) , a son and two stepdaughters ( Lore (* November 13, 1927) and Hanna (* 1937) ) are known. Charlotte fled to Argentina in 1941; she died in 1985 in Kibbutz Kfar Giladi, Israel. A stumbling block was laid for each of the parents Gustav and Hedwig Mosbach on June 10, 2009 in Lutherstadt Eisleben.
		Here lived Lore Salmons Ratio. Brieger Jg. 1927 Escape 1941 Argentina	Stumbling blocks Willich: Salmons, Lore	Lore Salmons was born on November 13th, 1927 (controversial: this source states 1925 as the year of birth) as the daughter of Otto Salmons (* December 16, 1899) and his first (unknown) wife (approx. 1900-1935) in Neersen, one stepbrother and one Sister ( Hanna (* 1937) ) are known. Lore fled to Argentina in 1941, where she has since died.
		This is where Hanna Salmons Verh. Hirsch, born in 1937, fled 1941 Argentina	Stumbling blocks Willich: Salmons, Hanna	Hanna Salmons was born in Neersen in 1937 as the daughter of Otto Salmons (* December 16, 1899) and his first (unknown) wife (approx. 1900-1935), a stepbrother and sister ( Lore (* 1927) ) are known. Hanna fled to Argentina in 1941.

District Schiefbahn

address	Laying date	Person, inscription	image	annotation
Alte Pastoratstrasse 9	04th June 2014	Moses Rübsteck, born in 1857, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt Murdered September 21, 1942 Treblinka	Stumbling block for Moses Rübsteck	Moses Rübsteck was born on August 19, 1857 as the son of Leyser Rübsteck and Amalie Kayer in Schiefbahn. He remained single until his death, was a manufactured goods dealer and had a small shop on Königsstrasse 9 (today Königsheide 14). He later rode a handcart around town, selling soap and other merchandise from door to door. In Schiefbahn, Moses was known everywhere as "Uncle Mo" because he always wore a " Sarotti straw hat". He lived on Alte Pastoratstraße for a long time before, under the pressure of the Nazis, he first had to move to Königsstraße 9 to the Wallach family and finally to Willicher Straße 7 to see Sara Kaufmann . On April 6, 1942, he was taken to the Jewish retirement home in Düsseldorf, Grafenberger Allee 78. The parish hall, which belongs to the synagogue community in Düsseldorf, was used as a Jewish retirement home from 1939. From there, at the age of 85, he was transported on September 21, 1942 with Transport VII / 1, c. 695 deported to Theresienstadt in the ghetto and on September 21, 1942 on with the transport Bp, c. Deported to Treblinka in 1285. There he was murdered. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Hochstrasse 22	19th December 2016	Here lived Paula Kaufmann Jg. 1886 Involuntarily warped 1939 Aachen fate unknown	Stumbling block for merchant, Paula	Paula Kaufmann (* 1886) was one of seven children of the manufactured goods dealer Louis Kaufmann (born March 27, 1848, died July 20, 1918) and Josefine Kaufmann born. Falkenstein (born December 29, 1853, died November 30, 1930). The siblings were: Heinrich (born 1876 - fell as a soldier in World War I in 1918), Arthur (born 1877), Wilhelmina (born 1878, married Heumann), Ernst (born 1879), Carl (born 1884), Elise (born 1885). The fate of Paula is unknown, she probably lived in her parents' house, where she checked out on October 5, 1938 in Aachen at Friedrichstrasse 82.
		Carl Kaufmann, born in 1884, lived here . Deported 1942 Ghetto Warsaw Murdered	Stumbling block for businessman, Carl	Carl Kaufmann (* 23.08.1884) was one of seven children of the manufactured goods dealer Louis Kaufmann (born March 27, 1848, died July 20, 1918) and Josefine Kaufmann born. Falkenstein (born December 29, 1853, died November 30, 1930). The siblings were: Heinrich (born 1876 - died in 1918 as a soldier in World War I), Arthur (born 1877), Wilhelmina (born 1878, married Heumann), Ernst (born 1879), Elise (born 1885) and Paula (born 1886). In 1939 Carl lived in a nursing home in Langenhagen, on March 31st he was deported from Hanover to the Warsaw Ghetto and murdered there.
		Arthur Kaufmann, born in 1877, lived here . Escape 1938 Holland Interned Westerbork Deported 1943 Auschwitz Murdered February 5, 1943	Stumbling block for businessman Arthur	Arthur Kaufmann (* July 8th, 1877) was one of seven children of the manufactured goods dealer Louis Kaufmann (born March 27, 1848, died July 20, 1918) and Josefine Kaufmann, born July 20, 1918. Falkenstein (born December 29, 1853, died November 30, 1930). The siblings were: Heinrich (born 1876 - died in 1918 as a soldier in World War I), Wilhelmina (born 1878, married Heumann), Ernst (born 1879), Carl (born 1884), Elise (born 1885) and Paula (born 1886). Arthur was probably arrested and kidnapped during the pogrom night in Cologne and fled to Amsterdam on December 19, 1938. From January 15 to 29, 1943 he was imprisoned in Vught-Hertogenbosch . In January 1943 he was arrested (living in a nursing home), deported via Westerbork to Auschwitz on February 2, 1942, and murdered there on February 5, 1943.
Hochstrasse 40	04th June 2014	Albert Salm, born in 1908, lived here . Deported in 1941 from Riga. Murdered in March 1942	Stumbling block for Salm, Albert	Albert Salm was born on February 6, 1908 in Wegberg as the son of Eduard and Rosetta Salm, nee. Wolff born. He was a cattle dealer and remained unmarried. On June 24th, 1926 he registered for the first time - coming from Mertloch - in Schiefbahn and lived with his mother Rosetta in the house of Moses Kaufmann (Hochstrasse 7). He worked several times in other places, but kept coming back to Schiefbahn. Finally he had to leave the house on Hochstrasse and move to the Wallach family on Willicher Strasse. On December 10, 1941, he and his mother and other Schiefbahn Jews were deported from Schiefbahn via Düsseldorf to the Riga ghetto. He died there in March 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		This is where Rosetta Salm, née Wolff, born 1872, lived . Deported in 1941 from Riga. Murdered in March 1942	Stumbling block for Salm, Rosetta	Rosetta Salm, née Wolff, was born on October 25, 1872 in Mertloch, Mayen district. The large Wolff family lived there, u. a. also her sister Juliana Wolff, who married Moses Kaufmann from Schiefbahn. Around 1920 she moved to her sister and her brother-in-law in Schiefbahn for the first time and at that time lived in Haus Hochstrasse 7. She was a cook and housekeeper by profession and left Schiefbahn several times to work in other places. But she kept returning to the house of the Kaufmanns in Schiefbahn. Finally, under the pressure of the Nazis, she too had to move to the Wallach family at Willicher Strasse 15. From there, she was deported with her son Albert , Sophie and Lina Wallach , Hulda Wallach , Klara , Otto and Bruno Schönewald , Cäcilie Wolff and the Rübsteck family of five on December 11, 1941 via Düsseldorf to Riga to the ghetto there. She was murdered there in March 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		This is where Moses Kaufmann, born in 1865, lived in 1938, fleeing Lisbon	Stumbling block for merchant, Moses	Moses Kaufmann was born in Schiefbahn on February 20, 1865, the second of 13 children of the married couple Simon and Karolina Falkenstein. He was a horse dealer by profession and ran a small business on Hochstrasse. He married Juliana Wolff, who came from Mertloch and died in Düsseldorf in 1935. With her, he had eight children, all of whom were born in the wrong direction. Four of his children died soon after birth, son Hugo fell in the First World War . Another son, the veterinarian Dr. Eugen Kaufmann fled to England with his wife and son, their daughter Karolina and her family to the USA. In 1940 Moses sold the house on Hochstrasse "with a yard and garden, stables, shed and barn" to Peter Flocken's wife. When exactly Moses Kaufmann left Schiefbahn, it could not be clarified. On January 6, 1939, he fled to his son Erich and his wife and daughter, from Düsseldorf, to Lisbon / Portugal . He died there in 1952. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Hochstrasse 46	04th June 2014	Abraham Rübsteck, born in 1863, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt. Murdered April 13, 1942	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Abraham	Abraham Rübsteck was born on January 17, 1863 as the son of Leyser Rübsteck and Amalia Sophia Kayser in Schiefbahn. He was a cattle dealer. In 1905 he married from Geilenkirchen Dating Berta Jacoby . The couple had three children: Amalie Leonore, Leo and Helena. While Leo and Helena died shortly after their birth, Amalie Leonore moved to Cologne . There she had a child in 1940. Abraham Rübsteck, who was initially wealthy, became increasingly impoverished under the measures of the Nazis, had to sell his land and the house on Hochstrasse and move to the Kaufmann family on Schulstrasse. From there he later moved to Cologne (to his daughter?). His daughter Amalie Leonore and her one-year-old child were deported from Cologne to the ghetto in Litzmannstadt in October 1941 . Both were gassed in Kulmhof in 1942 . Abraham Rübsteck was spared this ordeal; he died on April 13, 1942 (another source gives May 11, 1942 as the date of death) in the Jewish Hospital Ehrenfeld . (Source: Willich City Archives )
Hochstrasse 75	04th December 2014	Sophie Meyer-Rübsteck, née Wolff, born 1866, lived here . Deported in 1942 Theresienstadt. Murdered October 23, 1942	Stumbling block for Meyer-Rübsteck, Sophie	Sophie (born November 2nd, 1866) was the daughter of the Jew Abraham Wolff and his wife Regina Oberländer, who lived in Sittard in the Netherlands. On August 6, 1895, she married Joseph Rübsteck (* 1852), a Jew from Schiefbahn, who died in Schiefbahn in 1917. After the death of her first husband, she married the pensioner Karl Meyer (* 1859) in Schiefbahn on July 8, 1919. The witnesses were the two cattle dealers from Schiefbahn, Meyer Schönthal, the husband of their sister Klara and Moses Kaufmann . They lived in Krefeld at Oberstrasse 10. Karl Meyer died on January 11, 1929 in Krefeld. Sophie had already moved from Krefeld to Schiefbahn in March 1927 to live with her sister Klara . In 1939 she signed off in Schiefbahn and moved to Aachen . There she last lived in the Jewish old people's home in Kalverbenden. On July 25, 1942, she was deported with her sister and 276 other people who had previously lived in old people's homes and "Jewish houses" by train No. Da71-VII / 2 from Aachen via Düsseldorf to Theresienstadt. According to the death report from the council of elders of the Theresienstadt ghetto, Sophie Meyer died of pneumonia on October 23, 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Klara Schönthal, née Wolff, born in 1870, lived here, deported in 1942, Theresienstadt, murdered September 18, 1942	Stumbling block for Schönthal, Klara	Klara was born on May 8th, 1870 as the daughter of the Jew Abraham Wolff and his wife Regina Oberländer in Sittard / Netherlands . She married the cattle dealer Meyer Schönthal (* 1863), who was born in Bromskirchen . The couple lived in Schiefbahn at Neersenerstraße 14 (today: Hochstraße 75) and remained childless. Meyer Schönthal died in 1934 and was buried in Schiefbahn in the Jewish cemetery on Bertzweg. On February 11, 1939, Klara registered at the municipal office in Schiefbahn and moved to Aachen with her sister Sophie . There she last lived in the Jewish old people's home in Kalverbenden. On July 25, 1942, she and her sister and another 276 people from Aachen were deported to the ghetto by train no. Da71-VII / 2 via Düsseldorf to Theresienstadt. It is noted on the death notice she received that she died of tuberculosis in room 128 at 12:15 p.m. on September 18, 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Königsheide 14	04th December 2014	Bruno Schönewald, born in 1937, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered July 1944 Riga-Kaiserwald	Stumbling block for Schönewald, Bruno	Bruno Schönewald was on November 3, 1937 as the son of Buren derived Otto Schönewald and his wife Klara gelding born. It is named after his uncle who died in 1933 from a war wound. When he was deported from Schiefbahn to Riga with his parents Klara and Otto and his grandmother Johanna (Hulda) in December 1941, he had just turned four years old. His parents were able to protect him in the ghetto for two and a half years. After his father tried to hide him from the SS , he was murdered outside the ghetto shortly afterwards in July 1944 at the age of six with his parents. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Klara Schönewald, née Wallach, born in 1906, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered July 1944 Riga-Kaiserwald	Stumbling block for Schönewald, Klara	Klara Wallach was the eldest daughter of the Schiefbahner Jew David Wallach and his wife Johanna "Hulda" Frenkel . She married Otto Schönewald from Büren . The couple had a son, Bruno (* 1937). The family lived in house Königsheide 9 (today Königsheide 14). The Schönewald family was deported from Schiefbahn to the Riga ghetto on December 11, 1941. In 1943 (another source gives July 1944) she, her husband Otto and son Bruno were murdered in the Riga-Kaiserwald concentration camp . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Otto Schönewald, born in 1908, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered July 1944 Riga-Kaiserwald	Stumbling block for Schönewald, Otto	The cattle dealer Otto Schönewald from Büren moved to Schiefbahn after the wedding with Klara Wallach , the couple had a son named Bruno . The family lived in the house Königsheide 9 (today Königsheide 14), which belonged to the father of the wife, David Wallach. In 1938 Otto Schönewald was banned from exercising his trade as a cattle dealer. After the Reichspogromnacht he was taken to the Dachau concentration camp on November 17, 1938 and only released on February 18, 1939. The Schönewald family was deported from Schiefbahn to the Riga ghetto on December 11, 1941. In 1943 (another source gives July 1944) he and his family were murdered in Riga-Kaiserwald. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Johanna Wallach née Frenkel, born in 1880, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered	Stumbling block for Wallach, Johanna	Johanna "Hulda" Frenkel was born on December 31, 1880 in Jüchen as the daughter of Gabriel and Rosa Frenkel. After marrying David Wallach, she moved to Schiefbahn. The family lived in the house at Königsheide 9 (now Königsheide 14) and had two children: Bruno, who died in Düsseldorf in 1933, and Klara , who married Otto Schönewald from Büren. David Wallach died in Schiefbahn in 1941. In the same year, on December 11, 1941, Johanna was deported to Riga with her daughter and her family. Her further fate is unclear. On November 17, 1949, Hulda Wallach was declared dead at the request of her brother-in-law Isidor Wallach, who lived in Santiago de Chile. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		This is where Cäcilie Wolff, born in 1899, lived . Deported in 1941 from Riga, murdered in 1942	Stumbling stone for Wolff, Cäcilie	Cäcilie Wolff (born June 11th, 1899) belongs to the well-known Schiefbahn family Rübsteck. Her mother was Marianne Rübsteck (1863–1927), who married the dealer Heinrich Wolff in Heimersheim (Eifel) . Later she moved back to Schiefbahn and lived in the house at Alte Pastoratsstrasse 27. From there she had to move to the "Judenhaus" Königsheide 14, where the Wallach / Schönewald family lived. On December 11, 1941, she was deported to the Riga ghetto, where she died in February 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Linsellesstrasse 4	04th December 2014	Albert Rübsteck, born in 1892, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered 1942 Salaspils	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Albert	Albert Rübsteck was born on January 3rd, 1892 as the eighth child of Hermann Rübsteck and Rosetta Cahn in Schiefbahn. During the First World War, he fought at the front for four years and earned the Iron Cross. After the war he married Bertha Herz from Büderich near Wesel , the couple had two children, Werner (* 1927) and Ruth (* 1930). The cattle dealer lived with his family in the building at Vor dem Bruchtor 6 (today Linsellesstrasse 4). In 1938 he was banned from practicing his trade. So the family was forced to give up their apartment and move into the house of their friends, the Kaufmann family (Willicher Straße 7). After the Reichspogromnacht, Albert Rüsteck was brought to the Dachau concentration camp on November 17, 1938 and only released on February 9, 1939. In the following period he was forcibly used for civil engineering work in Krefeld. On December 11, 1941, the whole family was deported to the Riga ghetto. There Albert Rübsteck was murdered in the Salaspils satellite camp in 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Berta Rübsteck, née Herz, born in 1900, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered November 5, 1943 Auschwitz	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Berta	Bertha Herz came from Büderich near Wesel. After her marriage to the cattle dealer Albert Rübsteck from Schiefbahn, she moved in with him in Schiefbahn. The couple had two children, Werner (* 1927) and Ruth (* 1930). After Albert Rübsteck had to give up his business under pressure from the National Socialists, the family was forced to give up their apartment and move into the house of their friends, the Kaufmann family (Willicher Straße 7). On December 11, 1941, the entire Rübsteck family was deported to the Riga ghetto. From there, Bertha and her daughter Ruth were brought to Auschwitz on November 2, 1943, where they were murdered on November 5. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Leopold Rübsteck, born in 1885, lived here . Deported in 1941 from Riga. Murdered in 1942	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Leopold	Leopold Rübsteck, born July 5th, 1885, was one of eight children of Hermann Rübsteck and his wife Rosetta Cahn. Leopold, a businessman by trade, remained single all his life and lived with his brother Albert and his family, first in the house at Vor dem Bruchtor 7, then after 1938 in the house at Willicher Strasse 7.After the Reichspogromnacht he was moved to the Brought to Dachau concentration camp and only released on January 10, 1939. On December 10, 1941, he was deported to Riga with eleven other Jews from Schiefbahn, including the whole family of his brother Albert . After the war he was pronounced dead and probably died in the ghetto in the summer of 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ruth Rübsteck, born in 1930, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered November 5, 1943 Auschwitz	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Ruth	Ruth Rübsteck, born on May 14th, 1930 was the youngest child of Albert Rübsteck and Bertha Herz , she had an older brother named Werner . The family lived in the house at Vor dem Bruchtor 6 (today Linsellesstrasse 4). After the father had been banned from exercising his trade as a cattle dealer, the family was forced to give up their apartment in 1938 and move into the house of the Kaufmann family, who were friends, at 7 Willicher Strasse. In 1941 Ruth, just 11 years old, was deported from Düsseldorf to the Riga ghetto with her parents, her uncle and her brother. Her father Albert was shot dead in 1942 while working in Salaspils. Together with her mother, Ruth Rübsteck was brought to Auschwitz on November 2nd, 1943 and murdered there on November 5th. Her brother Werner was the only one in the family who survived the Holocaust. In memory of his sister, he named his first child, born in Israel in 1950, Ruth. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Werner Rübsteck, born in 1927, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Liberated / Survived	Stumbling block for Rübsteck, Werner	Werner Rübsteck was the oldest child of Albert Rübsteck and Bertha Herz , he had a younger sister named Ruth . The family lived in the house at Vor dem Bruchtor 6 (today Linsellesstrasse 4). After the father had been banned from exercising his trade as a cattle dealer, the family was forced to give up their apartment in 1938 and move into the house of their friends, the Kaufmann family (Willicher Straße 7) (GA Schiefbahn 1542). In 1941 the Rübsteck family was deported from Düsseldorf to the Riga ghetto. Werner's father Albert was shot while working in Salaspilsk in 1942, his mother and sister were brought to Auschwitz in 1943 and murdered there. Werner Rübsteck worked in an SS rubber factory outside of Riga. In 1944 the last Jews from Riga were brought to the Stutthof concentration camp, from there he was taken to a Danzig submarine shipyard, where he had to work as a welder. At the beginning of 1945 he fell ill with typhus and narrowly escaped death. In March 1945 he was liberated by the Red Army and returned to Schiefbahn on June 21st. Werner Rübsteck decided to emigrate to Israel and took part in preparatory courses for emigrants. From 1946 he helped in Marseille with the organization of illegal immigration to Palestine. In 1947 he embarked for Israel himself and went to the kibbutz Kfar HaHoresh near Nazareth . It was there that he met Livia "Lilly" Schwab, a Holocaust survivor from Budapest . In 1948 he fought for the young state of Israel in the War of Independence , and was seriously wounded in Haifa . In 1949 Werner Rübsteck and Lilly Schwab married. The couple had two children: Ruth (* 1950) and Anat (* 1955). In 1963 the family left the kibbutz and moved to Kiryat Biyalik near Haifa. There he became the manager of a marble factory. He died in April 2011. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Schulstrasse 2	0February 6, 2012	Herbert Philipp Heumann, born in 1937, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt Murdered 9.9.1942 Chelmno / Kulmhof	Stumbling block for Philipp Herbert Heumann	Herbert Philipp Heumann was born on October 12, 1937 as the son of Leo Heumann and Thekla Kaufmann in Eschweiler . Only a year later the father died and the mother returned with him to Schiefbahn, where they lived in the Schulstrasse house. Herbert was only four years old when he was deported with his mother and the other family members to the ghetto of Litzmannstadt (Łódź) . The contemporary witness Christoph Macke, who lived with his parents in the house opposite, can still remember the deportation of the little boy, at least from his parents' stories. Herbert took the figures from his children's farm with him on the transport wagon. The contemporary witness Rudi Tillmanns, who lived with his parents on Hochstrasse, also knew the Kaufmann family well. He remembers the day of the deportation: “The coal merchant Johann Juntermanns had informed us that he should pick up the Kaufmann family in his truck at lunchtime. Everyone in our family was shocked by the news, and so that day we stood on the ramp of our old brewery and saw the Juntermanns truck pull up to the rear of the Schulstrasse building. There the individual people got into the open truck, including Thekla Kaufmann with her four-year-old son Herbert. ” On May 7, 1942, Herbert wrote (better: painted) a letter that was documented as“ approved ”in the ghetto administration's records and sent off has been. The content and the addressees could not be determined. On September 8, 1942, before his fifth birthday, he was "expelled" from the Łódź ghetto and murdered the following day in the Chelmno extermination camp . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Thekla Heumann, née Kaufmann, born in 1907, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt Murdered 9.9.1942 Chelmno / Kulmhof	Stumbling block for Thekla Heumann	Thekla Kaufmann (born August 16, 1907 in Schiefbahn) lived in Schiefbahn with her parents at Schulstrasse 2. After her marriage to Leo Heumann, she moved to Eschweiler for some time in 1936. Her son Herbert Philipp was born there in 1937 . After her husband's death in 1938, she moved back to Schiefbahn with her son and lived there again in the parents' house. Thekla Heumann was deported on October 27, 1941 together with her parents, siblings and her son via Düsseldorf to the Łódź ghetto. They had to move into room 6 of the collective accommodation facility at Fischstrasse 21 in the ghetto. Thekla Heumann and her son could be postponed on May 11, 1942 by the combatant certificate from Thekla's father Siegmund Kaufmann from the VIII. On September 8, 1942, she was "expelled" from the Łódź ghetto and murdered the next day together with her son Herbert in Chełmno. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Elisabeth Kaufmann, born in 1908, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt Murdered September 1942 Chelmno / Kulmhof	Stumbling block for Elisabeth Kaufmann	Elisabeth Herta Kaufmann, called Else (born August 24, 1908 in Schiefbahn), lived with her parents at Schulstrasse 2 in Schiefbahn. She and her brother Ernst were members of the sports department of the " Reichsbund Jüdischer Frontsoldaten " in Mönchengladbach . There Else played handball with her sister Thekla . Else Kaufmann worked as a domestic servant, from 1939 onwards she had to do forced labor . On October 27, 1941, she was deported to the Litzmannstadt (Łódź) ghetto with her parents, siblings and her four-year-old nephew Herbert . In the ghetto, Max Abraham, who was deported on the same transport on October 27, 1941, wrote in a postcard on December 5, 1941 to the Strauss couple in Mönchengladbach : “We are with many relatives and friends, [...] including the big one Kaufmann family. Else's hard work has not decreased here either. ” Else Kaufmann was “ expelled ”from the Łódź ghetto with her mother, siblings Ernst and Thekla and little Herbert in September 1942 and murdered in Chełmno the next day. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ernst Kaufmann, born in 1919, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt Murdered September 1942 Chelmno / Kulmhof	Stumbling block for Ernst Kaufmann	Ernst Kaufmann was born on February 14, 1919 (another source mentions "1910" as the year of birth) in Schiefbahn as the son of the couple Siegmund and Josephine Kaufmann, born. Kamp born. He completed an apprenticeship as a businessman in Viersen in 1924 and later worked as a manufactured goods dealer. He lived with his parents at Schulstrasse 2 in Schiefbahn. Around 1936 he played handball in Mönchengladbach and looked after the women's handball team of his sisters Thekla and Else until the club was banned by the Nazis. As a result of the Reichspogromnacht, he and countless other male Jews were imprisoned in Dachau from November 17, 1938 to January 10, 1939. After his release, he was forced to work as an agricultural worker. On October 27, 1941, he was deported with his parents and siblings to the Łódź ghetto. In September 1942 Ernst Kaufmann was taken from the ghetto to the Chelmno extermination camp with his mother, his sisters Else and Thekla and his nephew Herbert , where they were murdered the next day. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Friedrich Kaufmann, born in 1912, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt liberated / survived	Stumbling blocks Willich: Kaufmann, Friedrich	Friedrich Kaufmann lived with his parents in Schulstrasse 2 in Schiefbahn and learned to be an electrician. On October 27, 1941 he was born with his parents Siegmund and Josefine Kaufmann, geb. Kamp and his siblings were deported to the Łódź ghetto. In March 1943 he married Betta Schwimmer (born April 19, 1922) in the ghetto. She was born in Łódź, but had lived in Duisburg for a long time with her family. On August 27, 1944, Fritz Kaufmann and his wife were brought from the ghetto to the Auschwitz concentration camp. Here their ways parted. A little later he was brought to Dachau and reached the concentration camp there on September 1, 1944. He survived until the end of the war and was liberated by the Americans in Bad Tölz. First he returned to his parents' house on June 14, 1945 in Schiefbahn. Here he married the Jew Mina Markowicz in 1946, who had been forced to work as a foreign worker in Germany using forged papers. Fritz Kaufmann emigrated to Philadelphia with his wife in September 1950 and lived in New York since 1951. There he ran a cafeteria with his wife. In 1975 he visited his hometown as part of a visiting program for former Jewish citizens. Fritz Kaufmann died on September 14, 1997. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Josefine Kaufmann, née Kamp, born in 1878, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt Murdered September 1942 Chelmno / Kulmhof	Stumbling block for Josefine Kaufmann	Josephine Kamp was born on December 4, 1878 as the daughter of the merchant and cattle dealer Falk Kamp and his wife Theodore in Kommern, Euskirchen district. The family later moved to Mechernich , where their father owned the Wingert 306 house. After her marriage to Siegmund Kaufmann, Josephine Kaufmann took care of the household and her family. She had five children: Thekla (* 1907), Elisabeth Herta (* 1908), Ernst (* 1910) and Fritz (* 1912). Another daughter, Ruth-Lotte, died in infancy. On October 26, 1941, she and her family were brought by Schiefbahn to Düsseldorf and the next day deported to the Litzmannstadt / Łódź ghetto. There they had to live with a total of 66 people in room 6 of the collective accommodation at Fischstrasse 21. Josephine Kaufmann only survived the death of her husband Sally on July 13, 1942 by a few weeks. She was brought to Chelmno on September 8, 1942 with her children Ernst, Else and Thekla and her little grandson Herbert from the Litzmannstadt ghetto and murdered there the next day. Her brother Abraham Kamp was killed in Theresienstadt in 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Siegmund Kaufmann, born in 1878, lived here . Deported 1941 Lodz / Litzmannstadt, Dead 13.7.1942	Stumbling block for Siegmund Kaufmann	Siegmund Kaufmann, called Sally, was born on April 6th, 1878 as the son of the tradesman Hermann Kaufmann and his wife Regina Josephs in Schiefbahn. He had a brother named Gustav and the sisters Ella and Theodora. The twin brothers Samuel and Jacob had died in childbed a year before he was born. Siegmund Kaufmann became a farmer and cattle dealer. In 1906 he married Josephine Kamp . From this marriage, the children Thekla (* 1907), Elisabeth Herta (* 1908), Ernst (* 1910) and Fritz (* 1912) emerged. Another daughter, Ruth-Lotte, died in infancy. The Kaufmann family lived in Schiefbahn in Hochstrasse 25, later on Schulstrasse 2. In 1938, Siegmund Kaufmann was forbidden from continuing his trade as a cattle dealer. Instead he had to do forced labor, his work book was numbered 182/88317. On October 26, 1941, he and his family were brought by Schiefbahn to Düsseldorf and the next day deported to the Litzmannstadt / Łódź ghetto. There they had to live with a total of 66 people in room 6 of the collective accommodation at Fischstrasse 21. The roommate Max Abraham from the "Düsseldorf collective" reported in a postcard to the couple Josef Strauss in Mönchengladbach . "We are with many relatives and friends together, of course continuously with my sister, even with the large family Kaufmann" The for 11 The deportation planned for May 1942 with the VIII transport to the Chełmno extermination camp was averted by Siegmund Kaufmann for himself and his family thanks to his war award from the First World War. On May 17, 1942, the family moved together within the ghetto to apartment 2 at Sperlinggasse 16. Siegmund Kaufmann died there on July 13, 1942. His wife, children Thekla, Ernst and Elisabeth and grandson Herbert were in the same year Chelmno murdered, his sisters Theodora and Ella in the Riga ghetto. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Tupsheide 3	04th June 2014	Here lived Sophie Rübsteck Born Kracko Jg. 1893 Escape 1939 Holland lived Hidden Freed / Survived	Stumbling block for Ruebsteck, Sophie	Sophie Rübsteck was born as the daughter of Philipp and Henriette Kracko on January 13, 1893 in St. Tönis . In 1921 she married the cattle dealer Georg Rübsteck from Schiefbahn and moved to live with her husband on the Alter Markt, now Tupsheide. Sophie and Georg had two children. Heinz Hermann, who died shortly after the birth in 1921, and Margot Hilde , who was born in 1923. After the death of her husband, who had a fatal accident in 1935, Sophie tried to emigrate to Uruguay , but did not succeed. She sold the house with the yard, garden, stable building, laundry room and cowshed and fled to The Hague with her daughter Margot on May 23, 1939. In the Netherlands they were able to go into hiding with forged papers until the end of the war and thus escape persecution by the Nazis. She lived with her daughter Margot and her family in Amersfoort in the Netherlands until her death on August 29, 1980 . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		This is where Margot Hilde van Praag, née Rübsteck, born in 1923, escaped in 1939 Holland Lived in hiding, Liberated / survived	Stumbling block for Van Praag, Margot Hilde	Margot Hilde Rübsteck came on October 23, 1923 as the daughter of the cattle dealer Georg and his wife Sophie Rübsteck, nee. Kracko in the wrong path to the world. She went to the Catholic elementary school in Schiefbahn and in October 1934 switched to the municipal lyceum and high school (today: Ricarda-Huch-Gymnasium ) in Krefeld. Contemporary witness Rudi Tillmanns can still remember Margot very well, with whom he took the tram to Krefeld to go to school: “That was an intelligent and pretty girl, but very reserved!” Margot had good school grades. But that didn't help her, because after the pogrom night in 1938 she was no longer allowed to go to school in Krefeld. She experienced the pogrom night in Schiefbahn with her mother. “I was 15 years old at the time, a terrible experience. That's why it's so terrible, because it was Schiefbahner who cut everything short and sweet. People who have known my parents all their lives ”, she wrote in 1988 in a letter to Sandra Neffgen, a student at the St. Bernhard High School in Schiefbahn. In 1939 she fled to the Netherlands with her mother. There they were hidden from the Nazis by friends and freed at the end of the war. In 1983 Margot visited her hometown again with her husband Jan van Praag. she died on November 26, 2013 in Amersfoort. In 2012, her son George took part in laying the stumbling blocks for the Albert Rübsteck family and naming Rübsteckstraße in Schiefbahn. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Willicher Strasse 9	04th June 2014	Sara Kaufmann, born in 1854, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt Murdered August 16, 1942	Stumbling block for a businessman, Sara	Sara Kaufmann (born April 22, 1854), who was tied to bed as a result of paralysis, lived with her younger brother Jakob Kaufmann in the house at Willicher Strasse 7 (today house number 9). When Jakob Kaufmann died in 1938, Mrs. Wienand's domestic servant Sara Kaufmann continued to look after her. The municipal administration therefore made difficulties, they only got a separate food card, like Jews (with considerably smaller rations). When she complained to the office about this, she was told that she was not entitled to another card as long as she did not give up her service with the Jewish woman. Mrs. Winands refused to go into this and stayed with Sara Kaufmann until she, 88 years old, was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp on July 25, 1942 with Transport VII / 2, No. 596. There she died exhausted after just a few days on August 16, 1942. (Source: Willich City Archives )
Willicher Strasse 19	04th June 2014	Lina Wallach, born in 1881, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga Murdered	Stumbling block for Wallach, Lina	Lina Wallach was born on November 13, 1881 as the eldest daughter of the merchant Lazarus Wallach and his wife Sophia , née Löwenstein, in the house at Willicher Straße 19. She did not learn a trade and remained unmarried. Shortly before her deportation, she had to move out of her parents' house and most recently lived with the Wallach-Schönewald family on Königstrasse. She was deported on December 11, 1941 with her sister-in-law Hulda Wallach , her niece Klara Schönewald , her husband Otto and the little Bruno Schönewald from Schiefbahn via Düsseldorf to Riga. When and how she perished in Riga remains unclear. The five-person Albert Rübsteck family from Schiefbahn was deported to Riga from Willicher Strasse 7 on the same transport . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Here lived Siegfried Wallach Jg. 1888 'protective custody' 1938 Dachau flight 1939 Belgium Intern 1940 Drancy Deported 1942 Murdered in Auschwitz	Stumbling block for Wallach, Siegfried	Siegfried Wallach was born as the youngest son of Lazarus and Sophia Wallach on November 5th, 1888 in Schiefbahn. He was a trader and remained unmarried. After the night of the pogrom, he was arrested in Schiefbahn on November 17, 1938, imprisoned in Anrath and then interned in the Dachau concentration camp. He was only released from Dachau on January 3, 1939, badly beaten. At this point the thought of escape must have occurred. Until he escaped, he lived in his parents' house on Willicher Strasse. According to his sister Lina to the police in Schiefbahn, Siegfried left his parents' apartment in Schiefbahn on October 2, 1939, to allegedly visit a cousin in Sinzenich / Eifel . He never got there. He probably fled straight to Brussels . He was arrested in Belgium in May 1940 and interned in Saint-Cyprien in southern France from May 10-15. From there he was deported to the Drancy assembly camp , northeast of Paris , and probably deported to Auschwitz on August 26, 1942. It is unclear whether he was murdered on the way there or in Auschwitz. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Sophie Wallach, née Löwenstein, born 1853, lived here . Deported 1942 Theresienstadt. Murdered September 21, 1942 Treblinka	Stumbling block for Wallach, Sophie	Sophie Löwenstein was born on August 28th, 1853 in Ahaus in Westphalia . On 10.10.1928 she married Lazarus Wallach from Schiefbahn. The couple had six children: David, Gustav, Lina , Isidor, Klara and Siegfried . Father Lazarus Wallach died in 1928, son Gustav, called "Jüdde-Justav" in 1933. In 1937 the sons Isidor fled to Chile and Siegfried to Brussels. Daughter Klara married Albert Rosenberg from Düsseldorf and moved with him and her son Ben to Düsseldorf. In 1941 David, the eldest son of Lazarus and Sophie, died. He had built a house on Koenigstrasse. His wife Hulda Wallach, b. Frenkel was deported to the Riga ghetto with her daughter Klara, her husband Otto Schönewald and the little four-year-old grandson Bruno together with his sister-in-law and aunt Lina Wallach (born November 13, 1881) on December 11, 1941 - all of them were murdered in Riga. Sophie Wallach, who was left alone in Schiefbahn, was brought to a Jewish retirement home in Düsseldorf-Grafenberg in April 1942. Her daughter Klara Rosenberg worked there with her husband Albert until they were deported to Minsk in November 1941 . On June 21, 1942, at the age of 88, Sophie Wallach was deported from Düsseldorf to Theresienstadt on Transport VII / 1 DA 70. She was murdered in Treblinka on September 21, 1942. It was not until 1950 that she was pronounced dead. Son Isidor and grandson Ben Rosenberg, who was able to flee to the USA, are the only survivors of this family. (Source: Willich City Archives )

Willich district

address	Laying date	Person, inscription	image	annotation
Bahnstrasse 9	04th December 2014	Albert Lion, born in 1879, lived here . Deported in 1941 from Riga. Murdered in 1943	Stumbling block for Lion, Albert	Albert Lion was the eldest child of the Willich Jew Abraham Lion and his wife Rosetta Metzger. He married Karoline Klein from Rheydt and had two children with her: Ernst (* 1921) and Ruth (* 1926). Albert Lion ran a butcher's shop in Bahnhofstrasse 9. SA men had been standing in front of the butcher's shop since April 1933 and no longer allowed any customers into the shop. On November 17, 1936, the authorities closed the butcher's shop after a denouncing article about allegedly unsanitary conditions had previously appeared in the Willicher Volkszeitung. During the night of the pogrom, the house of the Lion family was stormed by SA men who beat up all residents and destroyed the inventory. Albert Lion was arrested but not taken to Dachau. While the children emigrated to London in 1939 , Albert and Karoline Lion stayed in Willich. The couple were deported to Riga on December 11, 1941. There he died two years later under unknown circumstances. His wife did not survive the Holocaust either. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Arthur Lion, born in 1870, lived here . Deported in 1942 Theresienstadt Tot on January 8th, 1943	Stumbling block for Lion, Arthur	Arthur Lion (born October 22, 1870) was the oldest of seven children of Hermann Lion and Karolina Metzger. He married Rosalie Samson from Aurich and had two children with her: Hans (* 1908) and Else (* 1911). Arthur Lion was a cattle dealer by profession, he lived in what is now the house at Bahnstrasse 11, and he ran his cattle trade in the house next door to his uncle Abraham. In the book "Fountain of the Crossroads" his nephew Ernst Lion describes life with the Lions: "Uncle Arthur and his family lived in my grandparents' house. I spent my summer holidays there and loved living with them. There was a big one Stable for the cows and the horse, above a hayloft. In addition, a large, shady garden with tall fruit trees and a small entwined garden shed. My grandmother Lina, who still lived in the attic, once planted these trees. That's what we called these wonderful little ones Idyll always grandma’s garden. I helped her milk the cows and was especially grateful when Uncle Arthur allowed me to ride the horse Bobbie. What a wonderful time I had during the summer vacation ". (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Else Buxton, née Lion, born in 1911, lived here . Escape 1939 England	Stumbling block for Buxton, Else	Else Lion was born in Willich in 1911 as the daughter of the Jew Arthur Lion and his wife Rosalie Samson. The father ran a cattle trade in the house at Bahnstrasse 9. Else was a fun-loving girl and accordingly had many friends in the village, for example at the gymnastics club and the men's quartet. When the National Socialists came to power , her life changed completely: “The year 1933 began as always - handball on Sunday, carnival as always. But then the SA camp in Fichtenhain came and everything changed, my best friends were suddenly afraid to speak to me, they didn't want to say so, but I was no longer wanted, and suddenly I was outcast - and so on alone". In 1937 Else moved to Frankfurt / Main. There she met Alfred Buxbaum, who came from Gelnhausen , and fell in love with him. During the Reichspogromnacht, Alfred was arrested as an "action Jew" and taken to Buchenwald. He should never recover from the abuse he suffered there. At the beginning of 1939 Alfred was released again, but was ordered to leave the country within a month. An old friend arranged for them to emigrate to England. Else returned to Willich once more to say goodbye to her parents. Else and Alfred left Germany on June 13th. They came to Bristol via London and got married there. The couple changed their name from Buxbaum to Buxton. In 1956 Alfred died, just 46 years old, as a result of the abuse in Buchenwald. That year Else and her children visited Willich for the first time after the war and lived with her aunt "Detta" (Rosette) in Krefeld. She died in Worcester / England in 1995 . (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ernst Max Lion, born in 1921, lived here . Escape 1939 England	Stumbling block for Lion, Ernst-Max	Ernst Lion was born in Willich in 1921 as the son of the Jew Albert Lion and his wife Karoline Klein . The parents ran a butcher's shop in Bahnstrasse 9, so that after finishing school in 1935, Ernst also learned the butcher's trade in his father's business. In 1937 the father had to close his butcher's shop under pressure from the Nazi authorities. The parents decided that Ernst should complete his training in Rheydt . Since he subsequently couldn't find a job as a journeyman there, he worked as a farm worker, first in Willich, then in Büttgen . In 1939 the 18-year-old was able to travel to England. This was made possible by the Wexler family, of German origin, with whom his sister Ruth was staying. When the war broke out, like all emigrated German Jews, he was declared an "enemy foreigner". In May 1940, the British government interned all German emigrants - they were now treated like prisoners of war. Ernst Lion was brought to Liverpool by train and boarded the former troop transport "Dunera" with around 2,500 emigrants from Germany and Austria , which was supposed to bring them to Australia . On September 7, 1940, the prisoners were disembarked in Sydney and taken by train to Camp Hay . Ernst Lion worked there in the kitchen as a butcher. Conditions soon improved as the British government realized that it had made a grave mistake in interning the emigrants. Officers were even sent to the camps to recruit soldiers for the army. Ernst accepted the offer because he wanted to see his sister again. On November 29, 1941 he returned to England. After a few months in the Pioneer Corps, Ernst Lion applied to be transferred to a fighting unit. Four days after D-Day , he was shipped to Normandy and served in the army until the end of the war. In 1950 he opened a kosher butcher's shop in the London district of Clapton. He died in 2012. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Hans Lion, born in 1908, lived here . Escape 1935 England 1938 Australia	Stumbling block for Lion, Hans	Hans Lion was born in Willich in 1908 as the eldest child of the Jew Arthur Lion and his wife Rosalie Samson. The father ran a cattle trade in the house at Bahnstrasse 9. Hans studied law in Bonn, but had to give up his studies after the National Socialists came to power. In the following years he worked as a legal advisor in Willich and thus aroused the hearts of all local authorities. In a monthly report from the municipality to the district administrator, it says: “The work of the retired trainee Hans Lion as legal adviser has seen a not inconsiderable upturn. Recently he has been appearing with some audacity to the authorities to defend the interests of his clients. ” In October 1935, Hans gave up due to the continued harassment of the authorities and reported his business. In the same year he emigrated to London. Since he could not work as a lawyer there, he was dependent on the financial support of the Association of Jewish Refugees . This gave him an apprenticeship as an upholsterer, and later he worked in the manufacture of airplane seats. Since refugees were only allowed to stay in England for three years at that time, Hans Lion soon had to look for a new home - he decided to emigrate to Australia , where he arrived on March 15, 1938. A little later, he was followed by his fiancée Grete Rosenthal, whom he married on August 19 in Newcastle, New South Wales . Hans soon found a job as an upholsterer and a little later founded his own upholstery shop. He died on May 31, 1979 and was buried in Rookwood Cemetery, Sydney. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Karoline Lion , born 1892, lived here . Deported 1941 Riga-Jungfernhof Murdered Nov. 1943	Stumbling block for Lion, Karoline	Karoline Klein, who came from Rheydt, married Arthur Lion from Willicher in 1920 . The couple had two children: Ernst (* 1921) and Ruth (* 1926), the family lived in the house at Bahnstrasse 9. The events of the pogrom night in 1938 reinforced Karoline Lion's view that the children had to be brought to safety. Her sister, who lives in London, immediately prepared the children's emigration - in January 1939, Ruth Lion left Willich and came to England on a Kindertransport. There she lived with the Jewish Wexler family. It was also the Wexlers who provided the 100 pounds needed so that Ruth's brother Ernst could also emigrate to England in June 1939. Karoline Lion and her husband stayed in Germany. They were deported to Riga on December 11, 1941. In November 1943 she died in Riga-Jungfernhof under unexplained circumstances. Ruth Lion went to the United States in 1946 and lived in Iowa until her death in 1986 . Ernst Lion was interned when the war broke out and had to go to Australia for nine months. He then joined the Army and fought there until the end of the war. In 1950 he opened a butcher's shop in the London district of Clapton. He died in spring 2012. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Rosette Lion, née Metzger, born in 1857, lived here . Deported 1941 Theresienstadt Tot, January 15th, 1943	Stumbling block for lion, rosette	Rosette Lion was born on June 15, 1857 as the youngest child of Michael and Rachel Metzger in Willich. In 1878 she married the master butcher Abraham Lion, with whom she had four children: Ernst fell on the Western Front in 1917, Josefine died in Barmen in 1927, Ludwig married Else Weinberg and emigrated with her to America. Finally, Albert continued to run his father's butcher's shop on Bahnstrasse. Abraham Lion died in 1933. He was a highly respected man in Willich, among other things as a board member of the volunteer fire brigade and grenadier in the rifle club. He was buried with great interest from the Willich population. Rosette subsequently lived with her son and his family. On July 25, 1942, she was deported to Theresienstadt with her nephew Arthur and her niece Rosette . There she died on January 15, 1943. The cause of death was confirmed to be old age. Her son Albert and his wife Karoline did not survive the Holocaust either. (Source: Willich City Archives )
		Ruth Rogers née Lion, born in 1926, lived here . Escape 1939 England	Stumbling block for Rogers, Ruth	Ruth Lion was born in Willich in 1926 as the daughter of the Jew Albert Lion and his wife Karoline Klein . The father ran a butcher's shop in Bahnstrasse 9. Ruth had to leave the Catholic elementary school in autumn 1936. She then attended the Jewish school in Krefeld for a while, until it was only reserved for Krefeld students due to lack of space. The events of the pogrom night were decisive for the immediate emigration. An aunt living in England had made numerous contacts there and was able to arrange Ruth's departure. In January 1939, Karoline Lion brought her daughter to the Dutch border, and the farewell there should be forever. Then a Kindertransport brought them to England. Ruth came to the Wexlers, a married couple of Jewish teachers of German origin who had set themselves the task of enabling as many Jewish children as possible to travel to England and finding host parents for them there. After the war she went to the USA and initially lived with an aunt in Chicago . There she met Fred Rogers, who was also of German descent, and married him. In the early 1960s, the family moved to Cedar Rapids, Iowa , where Ruth worked as an educational counselor at a college. She died in 1986. (Source: Willich City Archives )

Web links

Commons : Stolpersteine ​​in Willich  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• stolpersteine.eu
• City of Willich - culture and education - stumbling blocks
• Query example of the stumbling blocks entered in OSM
• Short portrait of the Jewish communities Anrath, Neersen and Schiefbahn in "From the history of Jewish communities in the German-speaking area"

literature

• Bernd-Dieter Röhrscheid, Udo Holzenthal: The history of the Jews in Willich - Jewish life in the communities Anrath, Neersen, Schiefbahn and Alt-Willich from 1700 until today . Heimat- und Geschichtsfreunde Willich eV, Willich 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053281-8 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Rheinsche Post / Grenzlandkurier August 1, 2012, p. D6: Deportation in den Tod
2. ↑ steinheim-institut.de Karl Gustav Hackelberg
3. ↑ steinheim-institut.de: Dr. Emil Hirsch
4. ↑ steinheim-institut.de: Simon Herbst
5. ↑ wz.de: "For Jenny and Ferdinand Servos: This time they are reminded of escape"
6. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Jenny Levi-Servos
7. ↑ joodsmonument.nl: Jenny Levi-Servos
8. ^ Yadvashem.org: Jenny Levi-Servos
9. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Jenny Levi-Servos
10. ↑ ^{a b} wz.de: "17 new stumbling blocks of memory"
11. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Helene Servos
12. ^ Yadvashem.org: Helene Servos
13. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Helene Servos
14. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Friederike Cohen
15. ^ Yadvashem.org: Friederike Cohen
16. ^ Transport December 11, 1941
17. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Henriette Cohen
18. ^ Yadvashem.org: Henriette Cohen
19. ↑ rp-online: "His most extraordinary paving work"
20. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Charlotte Servos
21. ^ Yadvashem.org: Charlotte Servos
22. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Fritz Servos
23. ^ Yadvashem.org: Fritz Servos
24. ↑ holocaust.cz: Max Servos
25. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Max Servos
26. ↑ yadvashem.org: Max Servos
27. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Max Servos
28. ↑ stadt-willich.de
29. ↑ holocaust.cz: pink servos
30. ↑ Obituary in holocaust.cz: Pink Servos
31. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Pink Servos
32. ↑ yadvashem.org: Pink Servos
33. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Pink Servos
34. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Herbert Servos
35. ^ Yadvashem.org: Herbert Servos
36. ↑ holocaust.cz: Gabriel Servos
37. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Gabriel Servos
38. ^ Yadvashem.org: Gabriel Servos
39. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Gabriel Servos
40. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Gabriel Servos (unclear)
41. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Berta Grünewald
42. ^ Yadvashem.org: Berta Grünewald
43. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Moses Grünewald
44. ↑ holocaust.cz: Emma Cassel
45. ↑ Obituary in holocaust.cz: Emma Cassel
46. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Emmy Cassel
47. ^ Yadvashem.org: Emmy Cassel
48. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Emmy Cassel
49. ↑ holocaust.cz: Sieghard Cassel
50. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Sieghard Cassel
51. ^ Yadvashem.org: Sieghard Cassel
52. ^ Yadvashem.org: Sieghard Cassel
53. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Manfred Salmons
54. ↑ data.synagoge-eisleben.de: Manfred Salmons ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
55. ^ Yadvashem.org: Manfred Salmons
56. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Manfred Salmons
57. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Manfred Salmons
58. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Cilli Salmons
59. ↑ data.synagoge-eisleben.de - Max Salmons & Cäcilie Zilly Cilli Lomnitz ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
60. ↑ yadvashem.org: Cilli Salmons
61. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Cilli Salmons
62. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Cilli Salmons
63. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Max Salmons
64. ^ Yadvashem.org: Max Salmons
65. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Max Salmons
66. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Max Salmons
67. ↑ rp-online.de: "Neersen: Five stones against forgetting"
68. ↑ rp-online.de: "Neersen: Five stones against forgetting"
69. ^ Synagoge-eisleben.de: Otto Salmons
70. ^ Synagoge-eisleben.de: evidence of the son of Otto and Charlotte Salmons
71. ^ Synagoge-eisleben.de: Otto Salmons
72. ↑ Einstueckdeutschland.com: "A stumbling block for Lore Brieger"
73. ↑ einstueckdeutschland.com: Lore Brieger
74. ^ Synagoge-eisleben.de: Lore Salmons
75. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Moses Rübsteck
76. ↑ yadvashem.org: Moses Rübsteck
77. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Moses Rübsteck
78. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Moses Rübsteck
79. ^ Grafenberger Allee 78, (E. = owner) Israelitische Gemeinde. , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1938, p. 178
80. ↑ Small panels against oblivion
81. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Carl Kaufmann
82. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Arthur Kaufmann
83. ^ Yadvashem.org: Arthur Kaufmann
84. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Arthur Kaufmann
85. ^ Yadvashem.org (3): Arthur Kaufmann
86. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Albert Salm
87. ^ Yadvashem.org: Albert Salm
88. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Albert Salm
89. ^ Yadvashem.org: Rosetta Salm
90. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Rosetta Salm
91. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Abraham Rübsteck
92. ↑ yadvashem.org: Abraham Rübsteck
93. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Abraham Rübsteck
94. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Abraham Rübsteck
95. ↑ holocaust.cz: Sophie Meyer
96. ↑ Obituary in holocaust.cz: Sophie Meyer
97. ^ Yadvashem.org: Sophie Meyer
98. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Klara Schönthal
99. ↑ yadvashem.org: Klara Schönthal
100. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Klara Schönthal
101. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Klara Schönthal
102. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Bruno Schönewald
103. ^ Yadvashem.org: Bruno Schönewald
104. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Bruno Schönewald
105. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Bruno Schönewald
106. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Klara Schönewald
107. ↑ yadvashem.org: Klara Schönewald
108. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Klara Schönewald
109. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Klara Schönewald
110. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Otto Schönewald
111. ^ Yadvashem.org: Otto Schönewald
112. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Otto Schönewald
113. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Johanna Wallach
114. ^ Yadvashem.org: Johanna Wallach
115. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Johanna Wallach
116. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Cäcilie Wolff
117. ^ Yadvashem.org: Cäcilie Wolff
118. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Cäcilie Wolff
119. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Cäcilie Wolff
120. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Albert Rübsteck
121. ↑ yadvashem.org: Albert Rübsteck
122. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Albert Rübsteck
123. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Albert Rübsteck
124. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Bertha Rübsteck
125. ↑ yadvashem.org: Bertha Rübsteck
126. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Leopold Rübsteck
127. ↑ yadvashem.org: Leopold Rübsteck
128. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Leopold Rübsteck (disputed)
129. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Leopold Rübsteck
130. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Ruth Rübsteck
131. ↑ yadvashem.org: Ruth Rübsteck
132. ↑ yadvashem.org (2): Ruth Rübsteck
133. ↑ yadvashem.org (3): Ruth Rübsteck
134. ↑ yadvashem.org (4): Ruth Rübsteck
135. ↑ yadvashem.org (5): Ruth Rübsteck
136. ↑ yadvashem.org (6): Ruth Rübsteck
137. ↑ wz.de: "An Israeli from the Lower Rhine"
138. ↑ mag-4.de: "Ein Tag des Gedenkens und Miteinanders" ( Memento of the original from January 10, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
139. ↑ rp-online.de: "First stumbling blocks in Willich"
140. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Herbert Philipp Heumann
141. ↑ yadvashem.org: Herbert Philipp Heumann
142. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Thekla Heumann
143. ↑ Familienbuch-euregio.eu: Thekla Heumann
144. ^ Yadvashem.org: Thekla Heumann
145. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Elisabeth Kaufmann
146. ^ Familienbuch-euregio.eu: Elisabeth Kaufmann
147. ^ Yadvashem.org: Elisabeth Kaufmann
148. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Ernst Kaufmann
149. ^ Familienbuch-euregio.eu: Ernst Kaufmann
150. ^ Yadvashem.org: Ernst Kaufmann
151. ^ Familienbuch-euregio.eu: Friedrich Kaufmann
152. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Josefine Kaufmann
153. ^ Yadvashem.org: Josefine Kaufmann
154. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Josefine Kaufmann
155. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Siegmund Kaufmann
156. ^ Yadvashem.org: Siegmund Kaufmann
157. ↑ holocaust.cz: Sara Kaufmann
158. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Sara Kaufmann
159. ^ Yadvashem.org: Sara Kaufmann
160. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Sara Kaufmann
161. ↑ rp-online: "Eleven more stones against oblivion"
162. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Lina Wallach
163. ↑ yadvashem.org: Lina Wallach
164. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Siegfried Wallach
165. ^ Yadvashem.org: Siegfried Wallach
166. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Siegfried Wallach
167. ↑ holocaust.cz: Sophie Wallach
168. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Sophie Wallach
169. ^ Yadvashem.org: Sophie Wallach
170. ↑ tenhumbergreinhard.de: Klara Rosenberg, b. gelding
171. ↑ wz.de: "Laying Willicher Stolpersteine"
172. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Albert Lion
173. ^ Yadvashem.org: Albert Lion
174. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Albert Lion
175. ^ Yadvashem.org (3): Albert Lion
176. ↑ holocaust.cz: Arthur Lion
177. ↑ Obituary in holocaust.cz: Arthur Lion
178. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Arthur Lion
179. ↑ bundesarchiv.de: Karoline Lion
180. ^ Yadvashem.org: Karoline Lion
181. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Karoline Lion
182. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Karoline Lion
183. ↑ holocaust.cz: Rosette Lion
184. ↑ Obituary in holocaust.cz: Rosette Lion
185. ^ Bundesarchiv.de: Rosette Lion
186. ^ Yadvashem.org: Rosette Lion
187. ^ Yadvashem.org (2): Rosette Lion

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