Udmurtia

Subject of the Russian Federation Udmurt Republic Удмуртская республика Удмурт Республика flag coat of arms Federal district Volga surface 42,061  km² population 1,521,420 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) Population density 36 inhabitants / km² Capital Izhevsk Official languages Udmurt , Russian Ethnic composition Russians (60.0%) Udmurts (27.1%) Tatars (6.5%) (as of 2010) head Alexander Brechalov (acting) Founded November 4, 1920 Time zone UTC + 4 Telephone prefixes (+7) 341xx Postcodes 426000-427999 License Plate 18th OKATO 94 ISO 3166-2 RU-UD Website www.udmurt.ru

Coordinates: 57 ° 13 '  N , 52 ° 47'  E

Udmurtia ( Russian Удмуртия / Udmurtija , udmurtisch Удмуртия, Удмурт Республика or Удмурт Элькун ) is a republic in the Russian federal district of Volga .

geography

The Kama at Sarapul

Udmurtia is located in the European part of Russia west of the Ural Mountains between the Kama and Vjatka rivers . The climate is temperate-continental. The natural area of ​​the republic is mainly characterized by the taiga .

population

The 2010 census showed a population of 1,521,420 people. The Udmurts are a Finno-Ugric people. But for several decades they have only been a minority in their home republic. The majority today are the Russians with 60% . Other significant minorities are the Tatars , Ukrainians and Mari . A special feature are the Bessermen , who are strongly assimilated to the Udmurts and who have appeared as an independent people again since 2002; previously they were counted among the Udmurts.

The official languages ​​are Udmurt and Russian . In addition to supporters of the Russian Orthodox Church, there are also shamanists and Muslims among Tatars and Bessermen .

Ethnic group	VZ 1926		VZ 1939		VZ 1959		VZ 1970		VZ 1979		VZ 1989		VZ 2002		VZ 2010 1
	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
Udmurten	395.607	52.3%	480.014	39.4%	475,913	35.6%	484.168	34.2%	479.702	32.1%	496,522	30.9%	460.584	29.3%	410.584	27.0%
Better men	9,200	1.2%											2.998	0.2%	2.111	0.1%
Russians	327.493	43.3%	679.294	55.7%	758.770	56.8%	809.563	57.1%	870.270	58.3%	945.216	58.9%	944.108	60.1%	912,539	60.0%
Tatars 2	19,248	2.5%	40,561	3.3%	71,930	5.4%	87,150	6.1%	99.139	6.6%	110,490	6.9%	109,218	7.0%	98,831	6.5%
Ukrainians	143	0.0%	5,760	0.5%	7,521	0.6%	10,267	0.7%	11,149	0.7%	14,167	0.9%	11,527	0.7%	8,332	0.5%
Mari	2,827	0.4%	5,997	0.5%	6,449	0.5%	7,842	0.6%	8,752	0.6%	9,543	0.6%	8,985	0.6%	8,067	0.5%
Bashkirs	5	0.0%	362	0.0%	1,150	0.1%	2.005	0.1%	3,608	0.2%	5,217	0.3%	4,320	0.3%	3,454	0.2%
German	67	0.01%	229	0.02%	4,776	0.36%	2,671	0.19%	2,628	0.18%	2,588	0.16%	1,735	0.11%	1,238	0.08%
Other	1,674	0.2%	7.133	0.6%	10,418	0.8%	14.009	1.0%	16,924	1.1%	21,920	1.4%	26,841	1.7%	76.264	5.0%
Residents	756.264	100%	1,219,350	100%	1,336,927	100%	1,417,675	100%	1,492,172	100%	1,605,663	100%	1,570,316	100%	1,521,420	100%
1 54,797 people could not be assigned to any ethnic group. These people are probably distributed in the same proportion as the ethnically classified inhabitants. 2 including Keräschen (Christian Tatars) (1926 2,113 and 2002 650 people)

history

Udmurt houses

The Buranowskije Babuschki singing group in Udmurt costume

The first Russian settlers came to the area inhabited by Udmurts in the 12th century . After the Kazan Khanate fell to Russia in 1552, the number of Russian settlers increased. In the 18th century the until then animist Udmurts were evangelized and the first translations of the Bible appeared. Udmurtia has been an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) within the RSFSR since 1934 . After the dissolution of the USSR, the Udmurtia became one of 21 republics and a federal subject of Russia with relatively far-reaching autonomy rights .

On April 1, 2006, the second Russian chemical weapons destruction facility went into operation in Kambarka . In the plant, financed with German help, over 6000 tons of lewisite had been removed by 2009 .

politics

Acting head of the republic is Alexander Brechalov .

economy

The republic is relatively well developed in terms of transport and is heavily industrialized. The most important branches of industry include metal and wood processing, the chemical and glass industries. Oil and coal are among the most important natural resources.

Administrative divisions and cities

→ Main article : Administrative division of the Udmurt Republic

The Udmurt Republic comprises 25 Rajons and 5 urban districts, which are formed by the capital of the Izhevsk Republic and the next four largest cities Sarapul , Votkinsk , Glasow and Moshga . There are a total of six cities and five urban-type settlements .

Cities and urban settlements

City * / City settlement	Russian	Rajon	Residents (October 14, 2010)
Balesino	Балезино	Balesino	16,121
Glazov *	Глазов	Urban district	95,854
Igra	Игра	Igra	20,737
Izhevsk *	Ижевск	Urban district	627.734
Jar	Яр	Jar	6,596
Kambarka *	Камбарка	Kambarka	11,021
Moschga *	Можга	Urban district	47,961
Nowy	Новый	Votkinsk	5,742
Sarapul *	Сарапул	Urban district	101,381
Uwa	Ува	Uwa	19,984
Votkinsk *	Воткинск	Urban district	99.022

Web links

Commons : Udmurtia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of Udmurtia
• Udmurtia Republic Directory. ( Memento from January 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (administrative-territorial division according to subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2010). ( Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
3. ↑ Nacional'nyj sostav naselenija po sub "ektam Rossijskoj Federacii. (XLS) In: Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Rosstat, accessed on June 30, 2016 (Russian, ethnic composition of the population according to federal subjects , results of the 2010 census). 
4. ↑ Population of the Russian territorial units by nationality 2010. demoscope.ru (Russian)