Roger Tsien

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Roger Tsien (2008)
George W. Bush meets three 2008 Nobel Prize winners. Roger Tsien is on the far right.

Roger Yonchien Tsien (born February 1, 1952 in New York City , New York , † August 24, 2016 in Eugene , Oregon ) was an American cell biologist of Chinese descent and, together with Osamu Shimomura and Martin Chalfie, winner of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry .

life and work

Roger Tsien was the third son of the engineer Hsue-Chu Tsien and the nurse Yi-Ying Tsien, b. Li, born in New York City. He grew up in New Jersey Livingston . His eldest brother Richard Winyu Tsien is a neurobiologist at Stanford University . Aeronautical engineer Tsien Hsue-shen is his father's cousin.

As a student, Tsien carried out chemical experiments at home. In 1968 he won first prize from Westinghouse Science Talent Search for investigations into the binding of metals to thiocyanates . He studied chemistry and physics at Harvard University , where he made his bachelor's degree in 1972 . Then he went to the physiologist Richard Adrian to the Churchill College of the University of Cambridge , where he received his doctorate 1977th He was then a post-graduate student at Gonville and Caius College . In 1981 he moved to the Department of Physiology and Anatomy at the University of California, Berkeley as an assistant professor . From 1985 to 1987 he was an associate professor there and from 1987 to 1989 a full professor. Since 1989 he has been Professor of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of California, San Diego and Researcher at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute . Visiting professorships led him to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1991 and to the University of Cambridge in 2003.

Eight different fluorescent proteins developed in Tsien's laboratory

Tsien worked in the field of cell imaging biology. He created fluorescent dyes to make cellular calcium visible. To this end, he developed substances that can penetrate the cell membrane so that the movement of calcium could also be examined in living cells. He later improved the properties of the dye and used similar methods to detect sodium and cyclic adenosine monophosphate . To study the interaction of two molecules labeled with fluorescent dyes, he used fluorescence resonance energy transfer . Perhaps his best-known contribution was the provision of different variants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and their use. He later changed his research focus to the imaging and treatment of cancerous tumors. To do this, he developed a U-shaped peptide that - equipped with an imaging molecule or a drug - is specifically absorbed by the cancer cell. This is a so-called activatable cell-penetrating peptide (Engl. Cell penetrating peptides , CPP).

On July 30, 1982, he married Wendy M. Globe. Tsien died in August 2016 at the age of 64 while touring his motor tricycle in Eugene, Oregon, from a previously unpublished cause.

Publications

Tsien has published more than 100 articles and earned more than 60 patents.

  • The design and use of organic chemical tools in cellular physiology . Dissertation, Cambridge 1976

Awards

Memberships

literature

Web links

Commons : Roger Tsien  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gary Robbins: UCSD Nobel laureate Roger Tsien dies . In: The San Diego Union-Tribune . August 31, 2016, accessed September 1, 2016.
  2. ^ John Cox: Nobel Prize Winning UCSD Professor Roger Tsien Dies . In: San Diego Business Journal. August 31, 2016, accessed September 2, 2016.
  3. ↑ On Richard Winyu Tsien see: Richard W. Tsien, Ph.D. Molecular & Cellular Physiology. (No longer available online.) University of Colorado, archived from the original February 13, 2005 ; accessed on September 2, 2016 . Tsien Lab. Richard Tsien. (No longer available online.) Stanford University, 2007, archived from the original on December 11, 2008 ; accessed on September 2, 2016 . Who's Who in America 2007. p. 4586.
  4. ↑ RY Tsien: New calcium indicators and buffers with high selectivity against magnesium and protons. In: Biochemistry . Volume 19, 1980, pp. 2396-2404.
  5. ^ RY Tsien: A non-disruptive technique for loading calcium buffers and indicators into cells. In: Nature . Volume 290, 1981, pp. 527-528.
  6. ↑ RY Tsien, T. Pozzan, TJ Rink: Calcium homeostasis in intact lymphocytes: cytoplasmic free calcium monitored with a new, intracellularly trapped fluorescent indicator. In: Journal of Cell Biology . Volume 94, 1982, pp. 325-334.
  7. ↑ G. Grynkiewicz, M. Poenie, RY Tsien: A New Generation of Ca 2+ Indicators with Greatly Improved Fluorescence Properties. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry . Volume 260, 1985, pp. 3440-3450.
  8. ↑ A. Minta, RY Tsien: Fluorescent indicators for cytosolic sodium. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry. Volume 264, 1989, pp. 19449-19457.
    SR Adams, AT Harootunian, YJ Buechler, SS Taylor, RY Tsien: Fluorescence ratio imaging of cyclic AMP in single cells. In: Nature. Volume 349, 1991, pp. 694-697.
  9. ↑ a b R. Heim, RY Tsien: Engineering green fluorescent protein for improved brightness, longer wavelengths and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. In: Current Biology. Volume 6, 1996, pp. 178-182.
  10. ^ JE Gonzalez, RY Tsien: Improved indicators of cell membrane potential that use fluorescence resonance energy transfer. In: Chemistry & Biology. Volume 4, 1997, pp. 269-277.
  11. ^ R. Heim, DC Prasher , RY Tsien: Wavelength mutations and posttranslational autoxidation of green fluorescent protein. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . Volume 91, 1994, pp. 12501-12504.
  12. ↑ NC Shaner, RE Campbell, PA Steinbach, BN Giepmans, AE Palmer, RY Tsien: Improved monomeric red, orange and yellow fluorescent proteins derived from Discosoma sp. red fluorescent protein. In: Nature Biotechnology . Volume 22, 2004, pp. 1567-1572.
  13. ↑ ES Olson, J. Tao, TA Aguilera, QT Nguyen, LG Ellies, M. Scadeng, RY Tsien: Activatable cell penetrating peptides linked to nanoparticlesas dual probes for in vivo fluorescence and MR imaging of proteases. In: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 2010, pp. 4311-4316.
  14. ↑ James R. Hagerty: Nobel-Winning Chemist Created a Rainbow of Colors to Illuminate Cells. In: wsj.com. September 9, 2016, accessed September 25, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Tsien, Roger
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tsien, Roger Yonchien
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American cell biologist and Nobel Prize in Chemistry
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1952
PLACE OF BIRTH New York City
DATE OF DEATH August 24, 2016
Place of death Eugene , Oregon