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|manufacturer = Morane-Saulnier
|manufacturer = Morane-Saulnier
|designer =
|designer =
|first flight = February {{avyear|1929}}<ref name="Holmes">Holmes, 2005. p. 97.</ref>
|first flight = February 1929<ref name="Holmes"/>
|introduction =
|introduction =
|retired =
|retired =
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The '''Morane-Saulnier MS.230''' aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the [[France|French]] [[Armée de l'Air]] throughout the 1930s. In fact, almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of [[World War II]] had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the [[Boeing-Stearman Model 75|Stearman]] trainer in the [[United States]] air services and the [[de Havilland Tiger Moth]] in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Air Force]].
The '''Morane-Saulnier MS.230''' aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the [[France|French]] [[Armée de l'Air]] throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of [[World War II]] had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the [[Boeing-Stearman Model 75|Stearman]] trainer in the [[United States]] air services and the [[de Havilland Tiger Moth]] in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Air Force]].


==Development and design==
==Development and design==
The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.<ref name="Holmes"/> It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly. It was placed into service in military flight schools throughout France and was exported abroad to the air forces of numerous other countries. It also became a popular aircraft for sport aviation. The MS.230 was of metal tubular framing with fabric covering throughout, except the forward area of the fuselage, which was metal covered. It had a wide fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. Unlike other trainers of the time (which were mostly biplanes), the MS.230 was a high parasol wing monoplane. It did have the usual tandem cockpit arrangement in the fuselage for the instructor and pupil. Numbers of MS.230s survived for many years after the war and became civilian trainers and civilian flying club aircraft.
The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.<ref name="Holmes"/> It was a [[parasol wing]] monoplane with a metal structure covered with fabric except for the forward fuselage, which was metal covered. The instructor and pupil occupied tandem cockpits. It had a wide-track fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. The MS.230 differed from other trainers of the time, which were mostly biplanes.


It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly.
==Popular Culture==
It saw service with military flight schools throughout France and was exported to the air forces of numerous other countries. It also became a popular aircraft for sporting aviation. An example won the Michelin Cup in 1929.<ref name="flight200630p651">{{cite journal |title=VINCENNES : Two Days' National Aviation Meeting |journal=[[Flight International|Flight]] |date=20 June 1930 |volume=XXII |issue=1121 |page=651 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1930/untitled0%20-%200683.html}}</ref>
An MS.230 was used at the end of the movie ''[[The Blue Max]]'' as the "new monoplane" in which Lt. Stachel is killed during a test flight.

Numbers of MS.230s survived for many years after the war and became civilian trainers and civilian flying club aircraft. One was used in 1967 to act as camera-ship for air-to-air filming of [[Darling Lili]] at [[Baldonnel Aerodrome]], Ireland. Examples are preserved on display in museums in Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Spain and the United States of America.<ref>Ogden, 2006, p. 28</ref>

==Popular culture==
A MS.230 was used at the end of the movie ''[[The Blue Max]]'' as the "new monoplane" in which Lt. Stachel is killed during a test flight.[[File:LYNN GARRISON MORANE MS-230 WESTON, IRELAND 1970.png|thumb|[[Lynn Garrison]] "Stachel" Morane MS-230 Weston, Ireland 1970]]


==Variants==
==Variants==
[[File:Flugzeug Morane-Saulnier MS.229 (Ans 05035-089).jpg|thumb|right|MS.229 built for the Swiss Army Air Service]]
[[File:MS230.jpg|thumb|MS.230 of the [[Spanish Republican Air Force]].]]
Source:<ref>Donald, 1997. p. 664.</ref>
Source:<ref>Donald, 1997. p. 664.</ref>
*MS.229 - [[Hispano-Suiza H8a]] [[V8 engine|V8]], for Swiss ''[[Fliegertruppen]]''; two built, one converted to Wright 9Qa [[radial engine|radial]] in 1932
;MS.229 : [[Hispano-Suiza 8a]] [[V8 engine|V8]], for the ''[[ Schweizer Flieger- und Fliegerabwehrtruppen]]'' (Swiss Army Air Service); two built, one converted to [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] [[radial engine|radial]] in 1932.

*MS.230 - over 1,100 built; 20 bought by [[Romania]] and 25 by [[Greece]] in 1931, 9 each bought by Belgium and Brazil; main ''[[Armee de l'Air]]'' [[training aircraft|trainer]] for years; operated by several well-known private owners including [[Lynn Garrison]] and [[Louis Dolfus]]; some used for trials with [[Handley Page]] slats, or skis; one fitted with [[Lorraine 9Nb Algol Junior]]
;MS.230 : over 1,100 built; 20 bought by [[Romania]] and 25 by [[Greece]] in 1931, 9 each bought by Belgium and Brazil; main ''[[Armee de l'Air]]'' [[training aircraft|trainer]] for years; operated by several well-known private owners including [[Lynn Garrison]] and [[Louis Dolfus]]; some used for trials with [[Handley Page]] slats, or skis; one fitted with [[Lorraine 9Nb Algol Junior]].<ref name="avfrms230">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-230 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=1155&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=5 May 2019 }}</ref>
*MS.231 - six built, with 179 kW (240 hp) [[Lorraine 7Mb]], 1930

*MS.232 - experimental version with 149 kW (200 hp) [[Clerget 9Ca]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]], 1930
;MS.231 : six built, with 179&nbsp;kW (240&nbsp;hp) [[Lorraine 7Mb]], 1930.<ref name="avfrms231">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-231 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9740&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=15 December 2003 }}</ref>
*MS.233 - powered by 172 kW (230 hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 5Ba]] or [[Gnome-Rhône 5Bc]], six built in France and 16 in Portugal under licence for the Portuguese military

*MS.234 - 186 kW (250 hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, two built, one for U.S. Ambassador in Paris
;MS.232 : experimental version with 149&nbsp;kW (200&nbsp;hp) [[Clerget 9Ca]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]], 1930.<ref name="avfrms232">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-232 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9752&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=16 January 2004 }}</ref>
*MS.234/2 - converted from [[MS.130]] racer with 172 kW) (230 hp) Hispano 9Qb and [[NACA cowling]], entered in 1931 [[Coupe Michelin]] [[air racing|air race]], 86 kW (250 hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, 1933 fitted with 9Qa engine as MS.234 #2, flown in [[aerobatics|aerobatic]] competition by [[Michael Detroyat]] until 1938

*MS.235 - 224 kW (300 hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 7Kb]] engine, one built 1930
;MS.233 : powered by 172&nbsp;kW (230&nbsp;hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 5Ba]] or [[Gnome-Rhône 5Bc]], six built in France and 16 in Portugal under licence for the Portuguese military.<ref name="avfrms233">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-233 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9741&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=15 December 2003 }}</ref>
*MS.235H - twin-[[float (nautical)|float]] version, first flown 1931

*MS.236 - fitted with 160 kW (215 hp) [[Armstrong Siddeley Lynx]] 4C, 19 built under licence for [[Belgian Air Force]] by [[SABCA]], first flown July 1932
;MS.234 : 186&nbsp;kW (250&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine, two built, one for U.S. Ambassador in Paris.<ref name="avfrms234">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-234 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=7344&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=14 December 1999 }}</ref>
*MS.237 - 209 kW (280 hp) [[Salmson 9Aba]] engine, five built for private users, introduced 1934

;MS.234/2 : converted from [[Morane-Saulnier MS.130|MS.130 Coupe Michelin]] racer with 172&nbsp;kW) (230&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano 9Qb]] and [[NACA cowling]], entered in 1931 [[Coupe Michelin]] [[air racing|air race]], 86&nbsp;kW (250&nbsp;hp) [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine.<ref name="avfrms234/2">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-234/2 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9774&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=1 February 2004 }}</ref> Fitted with a [[Hispano-Suiza 9Qa]] engine as MS.234 #2, flown in [[aerobatics|aerobatic]] competition by [[Michael Detroyat]] until 1938.<ref name="avfrms234No2">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-234 No.2 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9775&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=1 February 2004 }}</ref>

;MS.235 : 224&nbsp;kW (300&nbsp;hp) [[Gnome-Rhône 7Kb]] engine, one built 1930.<ref name="avfrms235">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-235 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9753&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=17 January 2004 }}</ref>

;MS.235H : twin-[[float (nautical)|float]] version, first flown 1931.

;MS.236 : fitted with 160&nbsp;kW (215&nbsp;hp) [[Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC]], 19 built under licence for [[Belgian Air Force]] by [[SABCA]], first flown July 1932.<ref name="avfrms236">{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Morane-Saulnier MS-236 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9742&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=931&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |access-date=28 December 2019 |location=Paris |language=fr |date=5 January 2004 }}</ref>

;MS.237 : 209&nbsp;kW (280&nbsp;hp) [[Salmson 9Aba]] engine, five built for private users, introduced 1934.


[[File:Morane-Saulnier MS 230.jpg|thumb|MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum]]
[[File:Morane-Saulnier MS 230.jpg|thumb|MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum]].


==Operators==
==Operators==
Line 49: Line 66:
*[[Belgian Air Force]]
*[[Belgian Air Force]]
;{{BRA}}
;{{BRA}}
*[[Brazilian Air Force]]
;{{CZS}}
;{{CZS}}
*[[Czechoslovakian Air Force]] (as C23)
*[[Czechoslovakian Air Force]] (as C23)
Line 55: Line 73:
*[[French Navy]]
*[[French Navy]]
;{{flag|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}}
;{{flag|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}}
*''[[Luftwaffe]]'' (small numbers)<ref>Ketley, Barry, and Rolfe, Mark. ''Luftwaffe Fledglings 1935-1945: Luftwaffe Training Units and their Aircraft'' (Aldershot, GB: Hikoki Publications, 1996), p.11.</ref>
*''[[Luftwaffe]]'' (small numbers)<ref>Ketley, Barry, and Rolfe, Mark. ''Luftwaffe Fledglings 1935–1945: Luftwaffe Training Units and their Aircraft'' (Aldershot, GB: Hikoki Publications, 1996), p.11.</ref>
;{{GRE}}
;{{GRE}}
*[[Hellenic Air Force]]
*[[Hellenic Air Force]]
Line 72: Line 90:


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
[[File:MS.230_3-view_L'Aerophile_Salon_1932.jpg|thumb|Morane Saulnier MS.230 3-view drawing from L'Aerophile Salon 1932]]

{{Aircraft specs
{{aircraft specifications
|ref=''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1937,<ref name=JAWA1937>{{cite book |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1937 |editor1-last=Grey |editor1-first=C.G. |year=1937 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd |location=London |editor2-last=Bridgman |editor2-first=Leonard |page=146c–147c}}</ref> Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide''<ref name=Holmes>{{cite book |last= Holmes |first= Tony |title=Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide |year=2005 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=London |isbn = 0-00-719292-4 |pages=97}}</ref>

|prime units?=met
|plane or copter?=plane
<!--
|jet or prop?=prop
General characteristics

-->
|ref=Holmes, 2005. p. 97.
|crew=2

|length m=6.942
|crew= 2 (one instructor, one student)
|length note=
|capacity=
|span m=10.7
|payload main=
|payload alt=
|span note=
|length main=6.70 m
|height m=2.73
|height note=
|length alt=22 feet 10 inches
|wing area sqm=19.7
|span main= 10.70 m
|wing area note=
|span alt=35 feet 1 inch
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|height main=2.80 m
|height alt=9 feet 2 inches
|area main=
|area alt=
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
|empty weight main= 829 kg
|empty weight kg=834
|empty weight alt= 1,828 pounds
|empty weight note=
|loaded weight main= 1,150 kg
|gross weight kg=1208
|loaded weight alt= 2,535 pounds
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|useful load main=
|max takeoff weight note=
|useful load alt=
|fuel capacity={{cvt|220|L|USgal impgal}} jettison-able fuselage tank with a {{cvt|22|L|USgal impgal}} centre-section gravity tank
|max takeoff weight main=
|max takeoff weight alt=
|more general=
|more general=
<!--
Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Salmson 9AB]]
|eng1 type=9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine
|eng1 hp=230
|eng1 note=


|prop blade number=2
|engine (prop)= Salmson 9AB, 9-cylinder, air-cooled radial engine
|prop name=fixed-pitch wooden propeller
|type of prop=
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|number of props= 1
|prop dia note=
|power main=109 kW
<!--
|power alt=230 hp
Performance
|power original=
-->

|max speed kmh=207
|propeller or rotor?=<!-- options: propeller/rotor -->
|max speed note=at sea level
|propellers=
::::{{cvt|193|km/h|mph kn}} at {{cvt|3000|m}}
|number of propellers per engine=
::::{{cvt|163|km/h|mph kn}} at {{cvt|5000|m}}
|propeller diameter main=
|cruise speed kmh=160
|propeller diameter alt=
|cruise speed note=

|max speed main= 260 km/h
|stall speed kmh=
|max speed alt= 162 mph
|stall speed note=
|cruise speed main= 160 km/h
|never exceed speed kmh=260
|cruise speed alt= 100 mph
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=579
|stall speed main= 90 km/h
|range note=
|stall speed alt= 56 mph
|combat range km=
|never exceed speed main= 260 km/h
|combat range note=
|never exceed speed alt= 162 mph
|range main= 579 km
|ferry range km=
|range alt= 360 miles
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling main= 5,000 m
|ceiling alt= 16,405 feet
|ceiling m=5000
|ceiling note=
|climb rate main=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate alt=
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|loading main=
|climb rate ms=
|loading alt=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude={{cvt|3000|m}} in 11 minutes 18 seconds
::::{{cvt|5000|m}} in 41 minutes 34 seconds
|wing loading kg/m2=61.3
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|power/mass={{cvt|0.0869|hp/lb|order=flip}}
|more performance=
|more performance=

|armament=
}}
}}


Line 145: Line 172:
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
* [[List of Interwar military aircraft]]
* [[List of Interwar military aircraft]]
* [[List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air Force]]
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


;Bibliography
==Bibliography==
*{{cite journal |last1=Mombeek|first1=Eric |title=Les trésors de Cazaux |journal=Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire|date=May 2001 |issue=98 |pages=44–47 |trans-title=The Treasures of Cazaux|language=fr |issn=1243-8650}}
* Donald, David. ''Encyclopedia of World Aircraft'' (Etobicoke, Ontario: Prospero Books, 1997), p.664, "Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series".

* {{cite book |last= Holmes |first= Tony |title=Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide |year=2005 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=London |isbn = 0-00-719292-4 |pages= }}
==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last1=Donald |first1=David |title=The encyclopedia of world aircraft : Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series|date=1997 |publisher=Prospero Books |location=Ottawa |isbn=9781856053754 |edition=Updated |page=664}}
*{{cite book |last1=Lacaze |first1=Henri |last2=Lherbert |first2=Claude |title=Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets |date=2013 |publisher=Lela Presse |location=Outreau, France |isbn=978-2-914017-70-1 |language=fr|name-list-style=amp|trans-title=Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects}}
* {{cite book|last=Ogden|first=Bob|title=Aviation Museums and Collections of Mainland Europe|year=2006|publisher=Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd|location=Tonbridge, Kent|isbn=0-85130-375-7}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://greek-war-equipment.blogspot.com/2009/05/ms230.html A History of Greek Military Equipment (1821-today): Greek MS.230 ET2]
* [http://greek-war-equipment.blogspot.com/2009/05/ms230.html A History of Greek Military Equipment (1821–today): Greek MS.230 ET2]


{{Morane-Saulnier aircraft}}
{{Morane-Saulnier aircraft}}
{{RLM aircraft designations}}
{{Aviation lists}}
{{Czech trainer aircraft}}


[[Category:French military trainer aircraft 1930–1939]]
[[Category:1920s French military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Morane-Saulnier aircraft]]
[[Category:Morane-Saulnier aircraft]]
[[Category:Aerobatic aircraft]]
[[Category:Aerobatic aircraft]]
[[Category:Parasol-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1929]]
[[Category:World War II aircraft of Switzerland]]

Latest revision as of 08:30, 4 May 2024

MS.230
Role Elementary Trainer
Manufacturer Morane-Saulnier
First flight February 1929[1]
Primary user Armée de l'Air Flight School, Reims, France
Number built 1000+[1]

The Morane-Saulnier MS.230 aircraft was the main elementary trainer for the French Armée de l'Air throughout the 1930s. Almost all French pilots flying for the Armée de l'Air at the outbreak of World War II had had their earliest flight training in this machine. It was the equivalent of the Stearman trainer in the United States air services and the de Havilland Tiger Moth in the British Royal Air Force.

Development and design[edit]

The MS.230 was designed to meet French Air Ministry requirements.[1] It was a parasol wing monoplane with a metal structure covered with fabric except for the forward fuselage, which was metal covered. The instructor and pupil occupied tandem cockpits. It had a wide-track fixed landing gear that made it very stable in takeoff and landing. The MS.230 differed from other trainers of the time, which were mostly biplanes.

It first flew in February 1929 and proved to be an excellent and stable machine which was very easy to fly. It saw service with military flight schools throughout France and was exported to the air forces of numerous other countries. It also became a popular aircraft for sporting aviation. An example won the Michelin Cup in 1929.[2]

Numbers of MS.230s survived for many years after the war and became civilian trainers and civilian flying club aircraft. One was used in 1967 to act as camera-ship for air-to-air filming of Darling Lili at Baldonnel Aerodrome, Ireland. Examples are preserved on display in museums in Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Spain and the United States of America.[3]

Popular culture[edit]

A MS.230 was used at the end of the movie The Blue Max as the "new monoplane" in which Lt. Stachel is killed during a test flight.

Lynn Garrison "Stachel" Morane MS-230 Weston, Ireland 1970

Variants[edit]

MS.229 built for the Swiss Army Air Service
MS.230 of the Spanish Republican Air Force.

Source:[4]

MS.229
Hispano-Suiza 8a V8, for the Schweizer Flieger- und Fliegerabwehrtruppen (Swiss Army Air Service); two built, one converted to Hispano-Suiza 9Qa radial in 1932.
MS.230
over 1,100 built; 20 bought by Romania and 25 by Greece in 1931, 9 each bought by Belgium and Brazil; main Armee de l'Air trainer for years; operated by several well-known private owners including Lynn Garrison and Louis Dolfus; some used for trials with Handley Page slats, or skis; one fitted with Lorraine 9Nb Algol Junior.[5]
MS.231
six built, with 179 kW (240 hp) Lorraine 7Mb, 1930.[6]
MS.232
experimental version with 149 kW (200 hp) Clerget 9Ca diesel, 1930.[7]
MS.233
powered by 172 kW (230 hp) Gnome-Rhône 5Ba or Gnome-Rhône 5Bc, six built in France and 16 in Portugal under licence for the Portuguese military.[8]
MS.234
186 kW (250 hp) Hispano-Suiza 9Qa engine, two built, one for U.S. Ambassador in Paris.[9]
MS.234/2
converted from MS.130 Coupe Michelin racer with 172 kW) (230 hp) Hispano 9Qb and NACA cowling, entered in 1931 Coupe Michelin air race, 86 kW (250 hp) Hispano-Suiza 9Qa engine.[10] Fitted with a Hispano-Suiza 9Qa engine as MS.234 #2, flown in aerobatic competition by Michael Detroyat until 1938.[11]
MS.235
224 kW (300 hp) Gnome-Rhône 7Kb engine, one built 1930.[12]
MS.235H
twin-float version, first flown 1931.
MS.236
fitted with 160 kW (215 hp) Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC, 19 built under licence for Belgian Air Force by SABCA, first flown July 1932.[13]
MS.237
209 kW (280 hp) Salmson 9Aba engine, five built for private users, introduced 1934.
MS.230 at Praha-Kbely museum

.

Operators[edit]

 Belgium
 Brazil
 Czechoslovakia
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
  Switzerland
 United States
 Venezuela

Specifications[edit]

Morane Saulnier MS.230 3-view drawing from L'Aerophile Salon 1932

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1937,[15] Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide[1]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Length: 6.942 m (22 ft 9 in)
  • Wingspan: 10.7 m (35 ft 1 in)
  • Height: 2.73 m (8 ft 11 in)
  • Wing area: 19.7 m2 (212 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 834 kg (1,839 lb)
  • Gross weight: 1,208 kg (2,663 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 220 L (58 US gal; 48 imp gal) jettison-able fuselage tank with a 22 L (5.8 US gal; 4.8 imp gal) centre-section gravity tank
  • Powerplant: 1 × Salmson 9AB 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 170 kW (230 hp)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch wooden propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 207 km/h (129 mph, 112 kn) at sea level
193 km/h (120 mph; 104 kn) at 3,000 m (9,800 ft)
163 km/h (101 mph; 88 kn) at 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
  • Cruise speed: 160 km/h (99 mph, 86 kn)
  • Never exceed speed: 260 km/h (160 mph, 140 kn)
  • Range: 579 km (360 mi, 313 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
  • Time to altitude: 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in 11 minutes 18 seconds
5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 41 minutes 34 seconds
  • Wing loading: 61.3 kg/m2 (12.6 lb/sq ft)
  • Power/mass: 0.1429 kW/kg (0.0869 hp/lb)

See also[edit]

Related lists

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Holmes, Tony (2005). Jane's Vintage Aircraft Recognition Guide. London: Harper Collins. p. 97. ISBN 0-00-719292-4.
  2. ^ "VINCENNES : Two Days' National Aviation Meeting". Flight. XXII (1121): 651. 20 June 1930.
  3. ^ Ogden, 2006, p. 28
  4. ^ Donald, 1997. p. 664.
  5. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (5 May 2019). "Morane-Saulnier MS-230". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  6. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (15 December 2003). "Morane-Saulnier MS-231". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  7. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (16 January 2004). "Morane-Saulnier MS-232". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  8. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (15 December 2003). "Morane-Saulnier MS-233". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  9. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (14 December 1999). "Morane-Saulnier MS-234". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  10. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (1 February 2004). "Morane-Saulnier MS-234/2". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  11. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (1 February 2004). "Morane-Saulnier MS-234 No.2". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  12. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (17 January 2004). "Morane-Saulnier MS-235". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  13. ^ Parmentier, Bruno (5 January 2004). "Morane-Saulnier MS-236". Aviafrance (in French). Paris. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  14. ^ Ketley, Barry, and Rolfe, Mark. Luftwaffe Fledglings 1935–1945: Luftwaffe Training Units and their Aircraft (Aldershot, GB: Hikoki Publications, 1996), p.11.
  15. ^ Grey, C.G.; Bridgman, Leonard, eds. (1937). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1937. London: Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd. p. 146c–147c.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Mombeek, Eric (May 2001). "Les trésors de Cazaux" [The Treasures of Cazaux]. Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (98): 44–47. ISSN 1243-8650.

Further reading[edit]

  • Donald, David (1997). The encyclopedia of world aircraft : Morane-Saulnier MS.230 series (Updated ed.). Ottawa: Prospero Books. p. 664. ISBN 9781856053754.
  • Lacaze, Henri & Lherbert, Claude (2013). Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets [Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects] (in French). Outreau, France: Lela Presse. ISBN 978-2-914017-70-1.
  • Ogden, Bob (2006). Aviation Museums and Collections of Mainland Europe. Tonbridge, Kent: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-375-7.

External links[edit]

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