1222

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1222
Heinrich (VII.) , The son of Emperor Friedrich II. , Is crowned Roman-German King and co-regent of his father by Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne .
1222 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	670/671 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1214/15
Buddhist calendar	1765/66 (southern Buddhism); 1764/65 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	65th (66th) cycle Year of the water horse壬午 ( at the beginning of the year metal snake 辛巳)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	584/585 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	600/601
Islamic calendar	618/619 (turn of the year 14/15 February)
Jewish calendar	4982/83 (September 7/8)
Coptic calendar	938/939
Malayalam calendar	397/398
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1532/33 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1533/34 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1260
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1278/79 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Byzantine Empire / Crusader States

• February 1 : When Alexios I , Emperor of Trebizond , dies after 18 years of reign, his two sons Johannes and Manuel are passed over in the succession to the throne. Instead, Alexios' brother-in-law Andronikos I becomes Emperor and Grand Comnene of Trebizond.

John III, gold hyperpyron

• Theodor I. Laskaris , Byzantine emperor in exile in Nicaea , dies. Shortly before his death he gave his son-in-law John III. Dukas Batatzes appointed as successor. However, this transfer of power is challenged by Theodor's brothers Alexios Laskaris and Isaak Laskaris , who try to drive out their brother-in-law with the support of the Latin Empire in order to take over the rule of the Empire of Nikaia themselves . They kidnap their eleven-year-old niece Eudokia Laskarina to Constantinople at the court of Roberts von Courtenay , who renews his promise to marry her, and promises to support their uncles with regard to their claims to the throne. Theodor's widow Maria von Courtenay also goes to the court of her brother Robert. The peace treaty with Nikaia, which was only concluded in the previous year, is thus invalid, and the Latins are once again exposed to a two-front war between the Empire of Nikaia in the east and the despotate of Epirus under Theodoros I. Komnenos Dukas in the west and are therefore no longer able to Epirus threatened to support the Kingdom of Thessaloniki with arms aid. The latter's king Demetrius of Montferrat then flees to Italy to his brother Wilhelm VI. from Montferrat .

France / Occitania

• August 2nd : Count Raimund VI. von Toulouse dies in his capital, Toulouse, surrounded by Catholics and Cathars . He is buried according to the Catholic rite as a knight of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem . His son Raymond VII is solemnly enthroned as Count of Toulouse and Margrave of Provence on September 21st in the church of Saint-Pierre-des-Cuisines . He has recaptured most of his property from the Albigensian Crusade in recent years , only Carcassonne is still in the hands of Amaury de Montfort .

Holy Roman Empire

• February 2nd : After the death of his father Wilhelm I , his underage son Florens IV becomes Count of Holland and Zeeland under the tutelage of his uncles .
• May 8 : Heinrich (VII.) , The son of Emperor Friedrich II. , Is crowned in Aachen by Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne as Roman-German King and co-regent of his father.
• August 12th : With the childless death of Vladislav Heinrich , the margravate of Moravia under his brother Ottokar I Přemysl is united with the Kingdom of Bohemia in one hand.

• The Prüm Abbey is elevated to a principality by Emperor Friedrich II. Caesarius von Milendonk made a copy of the Prümer Urbar .
• A war breaks out between Florence and Pisa .

Other events in Europe

• March 10th : With the death of Johann I , the Sverker family dies out in Sweden . Six year old Erik XI. from the Eriks family , who are at the Danish court with his mother Rikissa , is elected as his successor. For the first time, a Reichsrat is set up in the country for the regency .

Gold bull Andreas II.

• King Andrew II of Hungary issues the Hungarian Golden Bull . The laws establish the basic rights of nobles, including the right to disregard the royal will if it is illegal ( ius resistendi ).
• Frederick II takes military action against rebellious Muslims in the Kingdom of Sicily .
• A feud begins between Nuno Sanchez of Roussillon and William II of Béarn , the royal procurator of the Crown of Aragon , in which King Jakon I sided with his cousin Nuno.

Asia

Kingdom of Singhasari

• Ken Angrok , who came from the lower nobility, conquered the kingdom of Kediri on Java and founded the kingdom of Singhasari .

City rights and first documentary mentions

• Colmar (Alsace) becomes a free imperial city .
• Bocholt receives city ​​rights through the Bishop of Münster .
• Attendorn receives city ​​rights from Archbishop Engelbert of Cologne .
• First documentary mention of Benrath , Biberach (Baden) , Brunntal , Daisendorf , Hohenberg an der Eger and Zeiningen
• The Castle Ziegenrück is first mentioned.

economy

• The bread route in Trier is first mentioned in a document.
• The former abbot Caesarius von Milendonk manufactures. a copy of the Prümer Urbar .

science and technology

• The University of Padua is founded. It provides refuge to professors and students who have left the University of Bologna because of differences.

religion

Foundations of monasteries

• The Maria Magdalenen Monastery in Akkon is first mentioned in a document.
• The monastery Heinrichau is a foundation of Wroclaw canon Nicholas on ducal reason in the upper Ohletal built. The approval for this is given by Duke Heinrich I the Bearded , whose notary is Nicholas.
• The Mogila Monastery is founded by Bishop Ivan Odrowąż in Kacice after a property donation from Count Vislaus and is settled by his mother monastery Leubus Monastery in Silesia .
• The Santo Spirito d'Ocre Monastery is founded.

Religious orders

• Jordan of Saxony becomes the second master of the order of the Dominicans after the death of Dominic .
• Francis of Assisi withdraws to the solitude of Alverna , a small monastery.
• Raimund von Peñafort wrote the rules of the Mercedarian order.

Others

• The Synod of Oxford makes Saint George the patron saint of England .

nature and environment

• September 28 : Halley's Comet can be seen for 35 days according to sources from China , Japan and Korea .

Born

Date of birth saved

• March 28 : Hermann II , Landgrave of Thuringia († 1241 )
• March 30 : Nichiren , Japanese Buddhist reformer († 1282 )
• August 4 : Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford , English nobleman († 1262 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Al-Adil II , Sultan of the Ayyubids in Egypt († 1248 )
• Heinrich von Isny , Bishop of Basel, Archbishop of Mainz and Arch Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire († 1282 )
• Qalawun , Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt († 1290 )

Born around 1222

• Jolanthe of Châtillon , Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre († 1254 )

• to 1222/ 1227 : Gottfried III. Eppstein , German Adeliger († 1293 / 1294 )

Died

Date of death secured

• February 1 : Alexios I , Emperor of Trebizond (* 1182 )
• February 4 : Wilhelm I , Count of Holland and crusader (* around 1170 )
• March 10th : John I , King of Sweden (* 1201 )

• May 22nd : Hermann I , Abbot of St. Blasien
• June 23 : Konstanze von Aragón , Queen of Hungary, Queen of Sicily and Roman-German Empress (* around 1184 )

• August 2nd : Raimund VI. , Count of Toulouse and Margrave of Provence, main opponent of the Albigensian Crusade (* 1156 )
• August 12 : Vladislav Heinrich , Duke of Bohemia, Margrave of Moravia (* around 1160 )
• August: Rhys ap Gruffydd , Lord of the Welsh Principality of Deheubarth

• September 11th : Adam , Abbot of Melrose and Bishop of Caithness
• October: Heinrich I , Count of Rodez and Vice-Count of Carlat

Exact date of death unknown

• Guido II , Count of Auvergne
• Guillaume des Roches , French nobleman, Lord of Sablé and Seneschal of Anjou
• Johann , Count of Beaumont-sur-Oise
• Manuel I. Charitopoulos , Patriarch of Constantinople in exile in Nikaia
• Raimund II , Prince of Antioch and pretender to the throne of Lesser Armenia (* around 1195 )
• Theodor I , Byzantine emperor in exile in Nicaea (* around 1174 )

Died around 1222

• January 1222/ 1223 : . Hervé IV , lord of Donzy and Gien and de jure uxoris Count of Nevers

Web links

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