Bad Saarow
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Coordinates: 52 ° 18 ' N , 14 ° 4' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Oder-Spree | |
| Office : | Scharmützelsee | |
| Height : | 45 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 50.36 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6003 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 119 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 15526 | |
| Area code : | 033631 | |
| License plate : | LOS, BSK, EH, FW | |
| Community key : | 12 0 67 024 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ZBW | |
| Community structure: | 2 districts | |
| Office administration address: | Forsthausstrasse 4 15526 Bad Saarow |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Axel Hylla ( The Left ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Bad Saarow in the Oder-Spree district | ||
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Bad Saarow ( Lower Sorbian Zarow ) (until 2002: Bad Saarow-Pieskow ) is an official municipality in the Oder-Spree district in the state of Brandenburg . It is the administrative seat of the office Scharmützelsee , to which another four communities belong.
The place is known for its healing thermal spring and the mineral-rich mud, which was used to cure skin diseases at the beginning of the history of the place around 1900 . Saarow has had the official title of "Bad" since 1923. In 1998 a new thermal bath was opened.
With around 6,000 inhabitants today, Bad Saarow is the largest community on the Scharmützelsee .
geography
Bad Saarow is a thermal brine and mud spa and a recognized health resort on the Scharmützelsee . It is located about 70 km southeast of Berlin . Bad Saarow is characterized by its wooded and park-like properties from the founding years of the villa colony (from 1906) according to a plan by Ludwig Lesser , Emil Kopp and Ernst Kopp .
In the meantime, the place was called Bad Saarow-Pieskow , which was changed in the course of the municipal reform in 2002. The thermal baths and train station are in the area of the former Pieskow manor .
geology
The place lies in and on the edges of a 25,000 to 15,000 year old meltwater channel from the Vistula Ice Age ( Frankfurt Stadium ).
Community structure
In addition to the core town, the municipality has two districts according to the main statute:
- New Golm ( Nowy Chółm in Lower Sorbian )
- Petersdorf (Lower Sorbian Pětšojce )
Then there are the living spaces: Am Dudel, Annenhof , Bad Saarow-Mitte, Bad Saarow-Strand, Dorf Saarow , Fuchsbau, Marienhöhe , Pieskow ( Pěski in Lower Sorbian ), Silberberg and Theresienhof .
history
The first written mention of Saarow dates back to 1463. In 1774 the manor villages Saarow, Pieskow and Silberberg on the Scharmützelsee had a total of 225 inhabitants. Until it died out in 1860, the village was owned by the von Löschebrand family. In 1881, when Theodor Fontane paid a visit to Saarow, there was little to see there. In his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg he writes: " There really wasn't much in Saarow, and when I was sufficiently convinced of that, I headed for the lake". Until the end of the 19th century, Pieskow and Saarow were economically poorly placed villages. In 1905, however, a regular steamship line was set up on the Scharmützelsee. In the same year, the Saarow estate was sold to Landbank AG in Berlin, which had a country house colony built on Seestrasse in 1907/08, for which the well-known garden architect Ludwig Lesser provided the plans. Saarow and Pieskow, which had also come into the possession of the Berliner Landbank AG, were combined to Saarow-Pieskow in 1907.
In the years 1908 to 1909 the water tower was built with a 1000 cubic meter tank and in 1911 a bathing establishment was opened. In 1912 the Fürstenwalde – Beeskow railway with the Saarow and Pieskow stations was completed. The representative station building, which is now a listed building, is the work of the Berlin architect Emil Kopp . On August 7, 1912, Viktor Hess landed in Pieskow with a balloon after he had discovered the " cosmic radiation " during his journey ( Nobel Prize for Physics 1936). The Saarow mud bath was also built by Emil Kopp in 1914 as a three-wing complex. Around this time, the artists' colony "Meckerndorf" came into being in Pieskow, so named because the architects could not satisfy the "complaining" owners.
Max Rosengarten bought Scharmützelsee in 1920 from Saarow-Pieskow Landhaus-Siedlung AG, a subsidiary of Landbank AG founded in 1913. In 1922 the community Saarow-Pieskow had 998 inhabitants. Saarow was converted into a rural community in 1923 and was given the title "Bad", Saarow-Pieskow thus became Bad Saarow-Pieskow. The place developed in the " Golden Twenties " to the preferred place of relaxation and meeting point of the Berlin culture and film scene. Among others, Max Schmeling and Harry Liedtke (see personalities ) acquired property and lake properties here. Also Maxim Gorky stayed from 1922 to 1923 in Saarow to relax.
The post office and the civil servants' house were built in 1925. In 1927 a chlorine-calcium mineral spring was developed at a depth of 175 m.
In the 1930s, the up-and-coming health resort was also the venue for international chess tournaments . Associated with this are names like Efim Bogoljubow and Heinz von Hennig .
During the November pogroms of 1938 , the not inconsiderable property of Jewish artists and film stars on today's Karl-Marx-Damm was destroyed by arson, other “ownerless” property was confiscated after emigration or deportation for Nazi leaders. Since 2008, so-called “ stumbling blocks ” by the artist Gunter Demnig have been a reminder of this .
There was also an Air Force base in Bad Saarow, where research was carried out on new types of weapons (see Institut Ardenne ). From 1943 to April 1945, around 700 prisoners had to carry out construction work for SS posts in the Bad Saarow external command of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp . After the occupation of Bad Saarow by the Red Army on April 25, 1945, Harry Liedtke stood protectively in his house on April 28, 1945 in front of his second wife, the actress Christa Tordy (1904–1945), who wanted to rape the plundering Soviet soldiers. He was then killed by them with a beer bottle. After the Second World War, many displaced people moved to the town. In 1946 Bad Saarow-Pieskow had 2,181 inhabitants, 50% of whom were expellees from the east .
A memorial for the victims of fascism was erected on Johannes-R.-Becher-Platz in 1947 , which was moved to the forest cemetery after 1989 . In front of the cemetery there is a so-called grove of honor with three memorials. The Erich-Weinert -Platz in 1950 as an open air stage on the ruins of the former Kurhaus Esplanade designed.
The Reichsbahnamt Frankfurt / Oder built and maintained a company holiday camp for the children of its employees, who were transported to the holiday resort on a special train.
During the GDR era , large parts of the local area were not freely accessible for almost 40 years due to military use. In addition to the GSSD of the Soviet Army, the National People's Army, established in 1956, owned many properties. These included the friendship guest house of the Ministry of National Defense and the central army hospital , and from 1981 the NVA's Military Medical Academy (MMA), where some of the GDR's doping research also took place.
The "Maxim Gorki Memorial" was opened on December 19, 1972. In the same year, construction of the Neu Golm earth station began . After the fall of the Wall, the Soviet sanatorium was opened to the population for the first time in 1989. The CIS troops cleared the sanatorium in August 1994 on the basis of the agreements made in the two-plus-four contract . Remnants of military use can still be seen today. The Neu Golm earth station was shut down in 1996.
Bad Saarow received unlimited state approval as a spa in 1998 . The new SaarowTherme was opened. In 2002, the KUNSTraum Saarow emerged from the first “Cultural Summer Bad Saarow” directed by the Kurort-Förderverein . A non-profit association has existed since 2003 and has since organized over 100 exhibitions with regional, national and international artists. The small gallery is located in the former Saarow post office at Ulmenstrasse 17. In 2004, the renovation work began on the listed manor complex on the Saarow peninsula in Scharmützelsee, the so-called "Eibenhof".
With effect from December 31, 2002, the name of the community was changed from Bad Saarow-Pieskow to Bad Saarow . In 2011, Bad Saarow was named a quality city by the ServiceQualität Deutschland initiative of the German Tourism Association.
Administrative affiliation
Bad Saarow and its present-day districts belonged to the Beeskow-Storkow district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg from 1836 to 1950 (from 1947 to 1950/1952 in the state of Brandenburg ). On July 1, 1950, it was merged with Pieskow to form the new municipality of Bad Saarow-Pieskow. From 1952 to 1990 for the Fürstenwalde district in the GDR district of Frankfurt (Oder) . From 1990 to 1993 the district of Fürstenwalde was part of the re-established state of Brandenburg. Since December 6, 1993, the community has belonged to the Oder-Spree district .
With the beginning of the administration of offices in Brandenburg in 1992, Bad Saarow-Pieskow merged with eight other municipalities to form the office Scharmützelsee and became the seat of the office.
Neu Golm and Petersdorf were incorporated into the Bad Saarow community on December 31, 2002 and are now districts, each with its own local advisory council, each consisting of three members.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
Community representation
The community council consists of 18 members and the honorary mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:
| Party / group of voters | Seats |
|---|---|
| LEFT | 5 |
| CDU | 4th |
| Free voter community Scharmützelsee | 3 |
| Democracy, direct | 1 |
| FDP | 1 |
| GREEN | 1 |
| Single applicant Susann Rolle | 1 |
| Citizens for Citizens (BfB) | 1 |
| SPD | 1 |
mayor
- 1998–2003: Axel Walter
- 2003–2013: Gerlinde Stobrawa (PDS / Die Linke)
- 2013–2014: Susann Rolle (CDU)
- 2014–2019: Anke Hirschmann (Democracy.direct)
- since 2019: Axel Hylla (Die Linke)
Hylla was elected in the mayoral election on June 16, 2019 with 53.4% of the valid votes for a term of five years
Sights and culture
- The Evangelical Church was inaugurated in 1922 and is based on a design by Emil Kopp. On July 22, 1933, Max Schmeling married his fiancée Anny Ondra in the church . Glass windows showing the four evangelists are let into the altar wall .
- The Neu Golm village church is a neo-Gothic brick building that was designed in the shape of a cross. The church furnishings were partially taken over from a previous building.
- In the vicinity of Neu Golm there is a former earth station , the landmark of which is the cylindrical operating building, on the roof of which there is a freely swiveling parabolic antenna with a diameter of twelve meters. There is also a parabolic antenna with a diameter of eleven meters. It was in operation until 1996; The property and building are currently being used by a company.
- KUNSTraum Saarow e. Has existed in Bad Saarow since 2002. V., a gallery with changing art exhibitions by national and international artists, readings and literary and musical events. The KUNSTraum Saarow has been located at Bad Saarow train station since 2008.
- SG Scharmützelsee, founded in 1954 in the bay of Dorf Saarow, is the largest sailing club in Brandenburg with over 200 members .
- There are two islands in the Scharmützelsee, the Großer Werl and the Kleiner Werl , which is inhabited by cormorants.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
- Bad Saarow is on the state roads L 34 (Fürstenwalde - Glienicke ) and L 412 ( Storkow - Bad Saarow). Ten kilometers north to the connection point Fürstenwalde-West of Highway 12 , which from Berlin to Frankfurt (Oder) leads.
- The regional train line RB 35 ( Scharmützelseebahn ) runs between Fürstenwalde (Spree) and Bad Saarow Klinikum . Until 1998 this route only ended in Beeskow . The new Bad Saarow Klinikum stop was opened on October 24, 2011, so that the town now has two train stations, Bad Saarow and Bad Saarow Klinikum .
- On the Scharmützelsee there is a shipping line between Bad Saarow and Wendisch-Rietz . There is a waterway connection to the Spree via locks and canals .
Medical institutions
- Helios Klinikum Bad Saarow , successor to the Military Medical Academy Bad Saarow with 17 specialist departments
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Jörg Schönbohm (1937–2019), Lieutenant General of the Bundeswehr, 1999–2009 Minister of the Interior of the State of Brandenburg, born in Neu Golm
- Cornelia Ernst (* 1956), politician (Die Linke)
- Marienetta Jirkowsky (1962–1980), killed on the Berlin Wall
- Frank Jung (* 1964), heraldist
- Babette Kuschel (* 1965), actress
- Axel Schulz (* 1968), boxer
- Marco Swibenko (* 1971), ice hockey player
- Gunar Kirchbach (* 1971), canoeist, Olympic champion
- Vivien Schneider (née Kussatz) (* 1972), sailor
- Julia Schoch (* 1974), writer and translator
- Antje Widdra (* 1974), actress
- Sebastian Achilles (* 1980), actor
- Janine Theisen (* 1980), actress and stunt woman
- Nadine Heidenreich (* 1981), actress
- Mathias Stumpf (* 1986), cyclist
- Jennifer Voss (* 1986), soccer player
- Franziska Mietzner (* 1988), handball player
- Robert Schramm (* 1989), volleyball player
- Vincent Krüger (* 1991), actor
Personalities associated with the community
- Xaver Scharwenka (1850–1924), composer, piano virtuoso, music teacher
- Georg Michaelis (1857–1936), Reich Chancellor and Prussian Prime Minister
- Carl Ludwig Schleich (1859–1922), doctor, writer
- Otto Tetens (1865–1945), astronomer, lived in Saarow
- Maxim Gorki (1868–1936), writer, stayed in Bad Saarow from September 1922 to June 1923 to relax
- Ludwig Lesser (1869–1957), landscape architect, planner of the Saarow villa colony
- Gustav Hochstetter (1873–1944), writer and poet. Editor of the " Lustige Blätter ", lived from 1937 to 1942 in the Pieskow district
- Harry Liedtke (1882–1945), actor, lived in Saarow
- Wilhelm Wagner (1887–1968), painter and graphic artist, lived in Bad Saarow from 1922, with interruptions from 1945 to 1948
- Josef Thorak (1889–1952), sculptor from the Nazi era, lived in Bad Saarow in the 1930s
- Ernst Kopp (1890–1962), architect for Saarow
- Käthe Dorsch (1890–1957), actress, partner of Harry Liedtke , lived in Saarow until 1927, later buried in Pieskow
- Hans H. Zerlett (1892–1949), screenwriter and director, lived in Bad Saarow from 1938 to 1946
- Hermann Schlingensiepen (1896–1980), Protestant theologian, pastor in Bad Saarow from 1923
- Hans Rehberg (1901–1963), writer and playwright, lived in the Pieskow artists' colony "Meckerndorf" from 1935
- Anny Ondra (1902–1987), actress, partner of Max Schmeling , lived and married in Bad Saarow
- Christa Tordy (1904–1945), actress, lived in Bad Saarow
- Max Schmeling (1905–2005), boxer, lived and married in Bad Saarow
After 1945:
- Johannes R. Becher (1891–1958), writer, Minister of Culture of the GDR, founder and 1st President of the GDR Cultural Association; Summer house ("dream housing") in Bad Saarow
- Maximilian Rosenberg (1885–1969), doctor, writer, music and theater critic, doctor in Bad Saarow from 1953
- Ernst Lohagen (1897–1971), GDR politician
- Heinz Hoffmann (1910–1985), Minister for National Defense of the GDR from 1960 to 1985 with a summer property at Karl-Marx-Damm 77
- Gerhard Goßmann (1912–1994), graphic artist and illustrator
- Waldemar Verner (1914–1982), Admiral and Deputy Minister for National Defense of the GDR, lived in Bad Saarow in the 1970s
- Fritz Geißler (1921–1984), composer
- Hans Rudolf Gestewitz (1921–1998), physician, chief physician of the hospital from 1960, later chief physician and head of the NVA Military Medical Academy
- Götz R. Richter (1923–2016), writer, lived in Bad Saarow
- Hans Joachim Schädlich (* 1935), writer, attended school in Saarow
- Annerose Schmidt (* 1936), pianist and former rector of the "Hanns Eisler" University of Music in Berlin . Lives in Bad Saarow
- Gertrud Zucker (* 1936), illustrator and graphic designer, has lived in Bad Saarow since 1960
- Gerlinde Stobrawa (* 1949), Brandenburg state politician, 2003-2013 honorary mayor of Bad Saarow
- Rainer Wolter (* 1959), cook, head chef in Bad Saarow
- Andrea Kutsch (* 1967), entrepreneur
literature
- Friends of the "Kurort Bad Saarow" e. V .: Bad Saarow. The beginnings of the spa. Bad Saarow 2016. ISBN 978-3-00-052510-0
- Friends of the "Kurort Bad Saarow" e. V .: 100 years since the "Landhauskolonie Saarow-Pieskow am Scharmützelsee" was founded. A chronological journey through time. Bad Saarow 2006 (brochure).
- Reinhard Kiesewetter: dream housing Bad Saarow. 60 houses with an eventful history in Bad Saarow-Pieskow on the “Märkisches Meer”. Ed .: Förderverein Kurort Bad Saarow e. V., Bad Saarow 2002. pp. 36f.
- Matthias Dunger: Bad Saarow - From fishing village to mud bath . In: Die Mark Brandenburg, Issue 89, Berlin 2013, pp. 32–40
Web links
- Bad Saarow
- Website of the Förderverein Kurort Bad Saarow e. V.
- Wiki-Saarow (Wiki for Bad Saarow)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ a b c d ISBN 3-515-08664-1 The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district; Pages 226 to 228
- ↑ a b Main statutes of the Bad Saarow community from February 16, 2009 PDF ( Memento from March 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg - Bad Saarow municipality
- ↑ Dr. Michael Walter: 100 years of cosmic rays. ( PDF , 4.6 M B ) In: hermann - News of the Helmholtz Association. Hermann von Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers, July 2012, p. 2 , accessed on July 23, 2016 .
- ↑ Change of the name of the community Bad Saarow-Pieskow. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of November 25, 2002. Official Journal for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 13, Number 52, December 18, 2002, p. 1088 PDF
- ^ Q-City Bad Saarow. In: ort.bad-saarow.de. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Formation of the offices of Gartz / Oder, Bad Liebenwerda, Mühlberg / Elbe, Plessa, Märkische Schweiz, Premnitz, Rüdersdorf, Scharmützelsee, Steinhöfel / Heinersdorf Elsterland, Kleine Elster and Falkenberg Uebigau. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of July 21, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 54, July 31, 1992, pp. 970 f.
- ^ Incorporation of the Neu Golm community into the Bad Saarow-Pieskow community. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of April 5, 2002. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 13, Number 17, April 24, 2002, p. 484 PDF .
- ↑ Incorporation of the Petersdorf community near Saarow-Pieskow into the Bad Saarow-Pieskow community. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of April 10, 2002. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 13, Number 17, April 24, 2002, p. 484 PDF .
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Oder-Spree . Pp. 14-17
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2017 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Results of the local elections in 1998 (mayoral elections) for the Oder-Spree district ( Memento from April 12, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 28
- ↑ From the deputy to the boss in Saarow. In: Märkische Oderzeitung , February 13, 2013
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 25, 2014
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 73 (1)
- ↑ Axel Hylla new honorary mayor of the Bad Saarow community. on www.amt-scharmuetzelsee.de
- ↑ Bad Saarow with a new stop: By train directly to the clinic. (No longer available online.) Vbb.de, October 21, 2011, archived from the original on July 23, 2016 ; accessed on July 23, 2016 .
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