Federal Garden Show 2005
The Federal Garden Show (BUGA) 2005 took place on 130 hectares in the state capital Munich from April 28 to October 9, 2005 in the newly created Riem landscape park in the Messestadt Riem district. Almost 8,000 events were offered and up to 60,000 visitors were counted every day .
statistics
- 130 hectares total area - of which about 43 hectares were flowering meadows .
- New plantings: 26,000 trees , 8,650 bushes , approx. 2 million flower bulbs
- 3 million visitors - about 1 million fewer than expected
- Approx. 65 million euros investment
- Radlring of approx. 170 kilometers
Central design elements
- BUGA bathing lake with a total area of almost 14 hectares (lake and landscape park) and a depth of up to 18 meters
- Cell garden - In the “garden of potencies”, the cell structure of a marigold is shown enlarged 10 million times.
- Parallel gardens , with over 40,000 perennials planted on 1 hectare .
- Leaf garden - motto: "Taming the plant - Dahlias and their companions".
- Sunken garden
BUGA bathing lake
- Main article: Riemer See
The BUGA 2005 bathing lake (today: Riemer See ) has a total area of almost 14 hectares (water surface: 7.7 hectares, landscape park: approx. 6 hectares), is up to 18 meters deep and has a gravel beach . It can not only be used for water sports , as it also has a grandstand (700 seats) and a floating stage. An open-air cinema was held here together with a cinema screen during the BUGA 2005.
Each bank was given its own character. For example, 230,000 perennials were planted on the south and west banks around the lake for the BUGA - implementation and design plan by Heiner Luz . Gilles Vexlard (Latitude Nord, Paris ) designed the landscape park .
North bank
The north bank is on the city side, which was deliberately kept urban: with a promenade , beach café and grandstand . The north bank is divided into the "Upper Kai" (20 meter wide promenade for pedestrians ) and the two meters lower "Lower Kai", which invites you to stroll along the water and sunbathe.
East bank
Here is the pebble beach for water sports enthusiasts and sun seekers, which offers particularly flat access to the lake . There is a large lawn for sunbathing and a beach volleyball field right next to it.
South bank
Here, over a length of 800 meters, perennials of iris mint were planted, which are located on the south bank on the steep embankment and adjacent to a large area in the landscape park. This bank was shaped more like a landscape - with wooded plantations and extensive meadows, where intensely fragrant mint species and irises make up the majority.
West bank
This bank was planted with reeds , rushes , water lilies and purple-blue catnip . A reed belt about 30 meters wide was created , into which a wooden walkway leads to give visitors an insight into this flora . Behind it there are two seepage basins in the "Riem-Haide", which are alternately flooded in order to clean the bathing lake as a natural sewage treatment plant and to ensure constant water quality . Countless yellow blooming swamp lilies filter the water here by pulling the waste materials out of the water for their own photosynthesis before it seeps into the groundwater . The embankments were u. a. planted with light carnations , catnip, Karthauser , asters , bluebells and various types of sage .
Cell garden
The 6.6 hectare cell garden was designed by Susanne Burger (Burger Landscape Architects, Munich). The central concerns of the cell garden were to break through familiar perspectives and ways of thinking and to promote sustainable thinking - especially with regard to the use of water , air and earth . Here otherwise small elements of the plant world should be displayed in gigantic sizes, so that the viewer feels relatively small.
The twelve cell gardens to the plant world were connected by walkways and were surrounded by a sea of flowers. Each cell was between 600 m² and 1200 m² in size and was supposed to have an “event garden full of experiences” and was surrounded by 2.30 meter high gravel walls. The desired effect should be entering a new natural world that appeals to all the senses - smell, taste, feel, hear and see. Each cell had a “House of Knowledge” (designed by the Munich agency for communication WAR), which was supposed to convey interesting facts about the cell in a playful and vivid way.
The meadow
Luck was the theme in the cell garden "Die Wiese " (design: Rainer Schmidt, landscape architects, Munich): On winding, narrow "mouse paths", visitors were supposed to experience the meadow from the perspective of a mouse : Between meter-high bamboo , visitors could get "lucky points" reach. The planting was supplemented by perennials to make the tightness and density of tall grass tangible. The central element was a raised bed in the form of a four-leaf clover (" lucky clover "), which was also planted with clover , which could also be picked.
The puddle
The floor plan of this cell garden (design: Rainer Schmidt, landscape architects, Munich) was designed based on the model of a pool of water with two large footprints. The small waves caused by stepping into this puddle were represented by circles of water created by water jets. At the edge, these circles were continued by the planting of rushes and rushes strips - supplemented by water lilies and frog bites .
The possibility of a treasure hunt was offered for children. For this they could go on the water with a leaf-shaped raft .
The cell
This cell garden (design: Bavarian State Office for Viticulture and Horticulture ) was supposed to lead visitors into an oversized plant cell . The transport system of a cell ( endoplasmic reticulum ) was represented by hedge-like structures. It should guide visitors to the most important elements of a plant cell. You were led past chloroplasts , chromoplasts and mitochondria (represented by characteristic plants ), their functions within a plant cell being explained. The closer you got to the center of the cell, the more luxuriant and diverse the planting became , until you get to the spherical nucleus .
The molehill
This cell garden (design: Christian Wagner, Landschaftsarchitekten, Munich) presented the soil as a habitat for plants and animals in the form of a cave and tunnel system made of wood and earth on the basis of the so-called Möbius strip, magnified twenty times a mole - can move through the earth on different duct systems and levels.
The joint
This cell garden (design: Susanne Burger, Burger Landschaftsarchitekten, Munich) was modeled on the joints of a pavement - magnified fifty times so that visitors can move through it like an ant . The individual joints were designed and planted very differently in order to simulate the many variations in reality. So were z. B. the “walls” or the side surfaces of the paving stones are designed very differently: smooth, grooved, ground or perforated. Some of them were planted with willows or water ran down them. Some joints were very light, make shady. In order to get an overview of the entire structure of the paving, the visitors were able to climb onto a balcony in the middle of the cell.
The nest
This cell garden (design: Nils-Udo , artist , Riedering ) represented a bird's nest with two to three meter high bird eggs . The small twigs that a bird uses to build nests were made from spruce poles that had not been debarked, large branches and because of their much larger proportions Replaced spruce trunks that were up to 18 m long. These were fitted into a hollow that was dug for this cell garden. A space was placed in front of the cell garden from which access to the interior of the cell garden was possible: Here the visitors found themselves in the middle of the nest, where huge white bird eggs lay on white gravel , which symbolized the fluff.
The forest laboratory
This cell garden (design: Anette Dupper, Dupper Landschaftsarchitekten, Bad Friedrichshall, artistic director: Iris Dupper, Munich) was intended to depict the processes of growth and decay on the forest floor and how new life develops from dead wood . The focus was on an island in the water, which consisted of pieces of bark and which was protected from too much sunlight with the help of a bark pergola and pine trees in order to create a humid forest climate that promoted fungal growth . The water surface should also change in the course of BUGA 05: Initially, only duckweed should cover the water surface around the island selectively. During the Buga summer, they should multiply increasingly until they finally completely cover the surface of the water. Three footbridges led to this island and were covered with red brick chippings so that brick dust and chippings stuck to the visitors' shoes, so that they leave traces on the island like snails that disappear again.
The kick
This cell garden was designed by Nicole Preussner from the horticulture department of the building department of the state capital Munich in order to build a bridge to the soccer world championship 2006 in Munich. Here, visitors could on a 400 m² football pitch a game compete against each other: Kicker To this end figures were firmly rooted in the undulating terrain. By flicking, they could be brought into the correct shooting position for the ball . So that the ball can roll back to a kicker figure after a shot, the lawn was designed so that the ball always rolls back to a game figure.
The animal track
On the floor of this cell garden (design: Rainer Schmidt, Landschaftsarchitekten, Munich), visitors were able to discover oversized animal tracks made of concrete by wild boars , rabbits , ducks or foxes . This cell garden was planted with rhododendrons , which themselves need a lot of moisture and were therefore constantly sprayed with water from water and mist nozzles. As a result, the soft sandy soil of this cell garden was also moistened, so that the visitors themselves also left clear traces that were in contrast to the oversized animal tracks, so that the change in perspective was once again clear. If you stepped on the concrete animal tracks, they gave off the respective scent of the corresponding animal. The roof of the cell garden was a pergola , which was spanned with a poison green camouflage net and which was slowly overgrown with clematis .
The change in weather
The closer you got to the innermost part of this cell garden (design: Peter Latz & Partner, landscape architects, Kranzberg), the thicker the fog became , as fog plays an important role in weather changes . The floor plan of this cell garden was similar to a turbine-shaped spiral , which was represented by natural stone slabs closely lined up , which were set vertically into the ground. The closer the spiral got to the center, the closer the natural stone slabs were placed. The mist was generated by 120 special nozzles that were placed in the ground on the front sides of the stone slabs. A kind of "fog cushion" was created in the lowered, circular cell center. This foggy cell garden was planted with vegetation that thrives particularly well in this damp climate: mosses , grasses and willows . The spiral structure of this fog garden continued beyond the boundaries of the cell garden to the promenade , where the stone slats merged into hedges .
The garden whisper
This cell garden (design: Rainer Schmidt, landscape architects, Munich) focused on interesting facts about various plants . When visitors approached a bush or a flower , a listening station started. The respective plant presented itself over small loudspeakers, whereby the information went beyond the limits of botany - up to cooking recipes that bring out the taste of this plant particularly well or about the regions from which this plant originates. Narrow paths led from one listening station to the next. These paths were framed by lavishly planted raised beds staggered in height or by herbaceous borders. If you sat down on benches, you were at eye level with the plants and flowers of the raised beds or the herbaceous borders.
The animal look
This cell garden was designed by the artist Prof. Franz-Theo Gottwald and should lead the visitors to a different way of dealing with our farm animals . It was laid out as a stable construction , which should show the visitors the perspective of the animals . Here you were cooped up in an enclosure , whereas pigs and sheep could move freely around the enclosure. The animals were outside here and humans were in the barn. Viewing slits allow a view of the animals, the view from the inside out. A living space that is as appropriate to the species as possible was created for the animals - with different floor surfaces ( gravel , wood chips, grass ) and a pig shower.
Parallel gardens
On an area of around one hectare, the BUGA 2005 presented around 40,000 "flowering perennials churning out" - u. a. with lavender , delphinium , roses , asters , mint , sun snow , yarrow , sun hat and irises . This part of the BUGA was the exhibition area for tree nurseries and perennial gardeners .
The parallel gardens were laid out in two parts: a forest massif separated them and elongated paths connected them. They were generously designed and mostly maintained as a permanent system after BUGA 05.
The parallel gardens followed a strict concept that was based on the idea of orthogonal French landscape parks: perennials could grow and bloom on strips around two meters wide. In addition, the parallel gardens were structured by strictly cut hornbeam hedges and narrow lawn paths for visitors. The fields were up to 200 meters long. This strict structure was underlined by small groves of trees, which were always laid out in a square of 16 ornamental apples.
The color scheme followed an ingenious flowering field concept based on "aspect formers": a certain "key plant" was grown for each of the seasons . As a supplement, sprinkles were planted on other species. So the parallel gardens changed with the seasons. At the same time, each of the strips should form its own unit. In some cases a strip was planted with a single combination of perennials over its entire length. By planting grass and bed perennials of different heights in a strip, the impression of colorful waves could be created in the wind .
Were supplemented parallels gardens "Gem gardens" so-called as a bionic garden of Rotarians , a medicinal herb garden or the "Garden Lounge" of Hubert Burda Media . The "Cincinnati Garden" was a gift from Munich's twin city Cincinnati to the. The Nymphenburg Porcelain Manufactory presented large porcelain figures on the area of the Parallel Gardens . Finally, another exhibition area presented current forms of grave design.
To the northeast of the Parallel Gardens, a playground was designed together with artists through the Ulrich Wolf Prize for Young Landscape Architects.
Art containers were designed by the Munich Academy of Fine Arts in a forest clearing between the Parallel Gardens .
Other exhibition elements and gardens
- House of the present
- Leaf garden
- Sunken garden
- German Pavilion (garden of diversity, garden of beneficial insects, garden of renewable raw materials, garden of local woods, hands-on gardening)
- Flower hall
- Carpet of flowers
- Toboggan hill
The dragon counters street art project also took place in connection with the exhibition , in which 30 × 10 cm plaques with poetic texts were embedded in the floor at various locations in Munich.
criticism
Even in the first days of the Federal Garden Show, many visitors criticized the sparse flower arrangements. Those responsible for Buga responded by setting up oversized flower pots.
The design of the site by the landscape architect Gilles Vexlard was also controversial. While Vexlard received mostly praise from experts for its “outstanding, contemporary design”, many visitors criticized the “granite wall including the motorway-like hiking trails” and the consistent geometric design of the groups of trees. Munich's Lord Mayor Christian Ude also commented on a critical question from citizens: As a lover of Sckell's garden architecture, ... I find the very wide and dead straight paths in Riem, as well as the groups of trees that have to line up like tin soldiers, to be very hard to get used to!
The Buga clearly missed the hoped-for number of visitors of 4 million and the organizers closed with a deficit.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung of June 30, 2005: Federal Garden Show: The millionth visitor arrives late
- ↑ Citizens' questions to Christian Ude: Why is the Riemer Park so ugly? ( Memento from January 18, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung: The "miracle of nature" - a grave of millions. Retrieved February 17, 2020 .
Web links
- Buga 2005 on www.muenchen.de ( Memento from March 16, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- BUGA 05 in the Munich Wiki, many GFDL images
- BUGA Munich 2005 on the portal "100 Years of Landscape Architecture"
- BUGA 2005 Panoramas Virtual tour