Hirschhorn (Neckar)
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Hirschhorn (Neckar) is a country town in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse . It is located in the Hessian Odenwald and, together with the southwestern neighboring Neckarsteinach in the Neckar Valley, forms the southernmost part of Hesse . Hirschhorn is a recognized health resort and health resort and is part of the Bergstrasse-Odenwald Geo-Nature Park .
geography
location
Hirschhorn is about 15 km east-northeast of Heidelberg (distance on the road about 22 km) in the Odenwald - Neckar Valley . The river has dug its way deep into the wooded heights of the Buntsandstein-Odenwald in a double loop . The Feuerberg ( 341.1 m above sea level ), which rises between Hirschhorn and Igelsbach above the Neckar valley, is the beginning of a ridge that goes from here under the name Hirschhorner Höhe 13 kilometers to the north over the Steinerne Tisch ( 390 m above sea level) . NN ) and the Langen Wald ( 474 m above sea level ) to Rothenberg ( 420 m above sea level ) and to the Main- Neckar watershed near Beerfelden . Except for the Ersheim district , which stands south of the Neckar on the flat spur of its north loop, Hirschhorn is north of the river; Ersheim is also the only part of Hesse that is south of the Neckar. In Hirschhorn the very short Laxbach flows into it, which only arises in the local area from the confluence of the elongated Odenwald brooks Ulfenbach and Finkenbach , which start its catchment area over 20 km further north.
Neighboring communities
Hirschhorn borders in the north on the municipality of Heddesbach and the city of Eberbach ( Brombach district ) (both Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg ) and the city of Oberzent (districts of Ober-Hainbrunn and Kortelshütte ) ( Odenwaldkreis ), in the east on the core town of Eberbach , in the south to the community of Schönbrunn (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis) and the city of Neckarsteinach and in the west to the community-free area Michelbuch and the cities of Neckarsteinach and Schönau (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis).
City structure
Hirschhorn consists of the following districts:
- Staghorn
- Igelsbach , more precisely: the southwest half of the village, the "Hessische Igelsbach" the northeast half belongs to Eberbach
- Langenthal in the Ulfenbachtal
- Unter-Hainbrunn in the north of the urban area on the border with Ober-Hainbrunn (City of Oberzent).
The Ersheim settlement on the headland in the Neckar loop on the southern bank is not counted as a separate district. It is part of the Hirschhorn district.
history
Ersheim as the origin of the settlement
The oldest finds prove that the area around the Hirschhorn Neckar loop was already inhabited by people 6,000 years ago. The first mention of the district of Ersheim on the headland surrounded by the Neckar loop was in the Lorsch Codex with a foundation dated to 773 (Lorsch documents, no. 2624). The settlement, which in 1023 belonged as Erasam to a Lorsch subsidiary monastery, the Michaelskloster on the Heiligenberg near Heidelberg, is one of the oldest settlements in the Neckar Valley. While the surrounding area came almost completely into the possession of the diocese of Worms in the 11th century , Ersheim remained a Lorsch exclave together with the village of Ramsau to the north of it. From here, several clearing settlements were founded from the 12th century, including the villages of Weidenau, Unter-Hainbrunn, Igelsbach and Krautlach, which were later largely abandoned.
The city was founded by the Lords of Hirschhorn
Hirschhorn, which is now the main town on the other side of the Neckar south-west of Ersheim, takes its name from the coat of arms symbol of the Lords of Hirschhorn , who built Hirschhorn Castle here on what was originally a Lorsch fiefdom around 1200 . After the dissolution of the imperial abbey Lorsch in 1232, the upper fiefdom went to the archbishopric of Mainz . Engelhard I von Hirschhorn, who was documented from 1336 to 1361, gained influence and large possessions through pledges and imperial fiefs. His son Engelhard II led various feuds and fell under the imperial ban , but his sons were able to increase the family property again. 1391 Hirschhorn (Hirtzhorn) was a walled city surrounded and received by King Wenceslas the city charter , for the attention of the brothers Hans V. and Albrecht and Eberhard of Hirschhorn. After the election of Count Palatine Ruprecht III. as king Hans V. von Hirschhorn was entrusted with imperial duties from 1400 onwards. In 1404 the king granted the right to hold a weekly market. The oldest city seal dates from July 25, 1406; Around this time, the local lords established the Carmelite monastery with the Carmelite monastery church of the Annunciation below the castle. In 1413 the first extension of the city was mentioned with the suburb . In 1417 King Sigismund gave the city the right to two annual markets. The citizens of the associated villages sought the protection of the fortified city; therefore Ersheim, Ramsau, Krautlach and Weidenau were given up soon after the city was founded. In Ersheim, the brickworks built in 1553 was the only property next to the church there for centuries.
Between 1522 and 1529 the Knights of Hirschhorn converted to the Protestant faith. After disputes with the Carmelite monastery, it was closed in 1543. In 1556 a devastating city fire almost completely destroyed the so-called back town, and in 1565 floods and ice drifts tore down parts of the city wall.
Decline in the Thirty Years War
While the Peasants 'War did not affect the city, Hirschhorn experienced major changes as a result of the Thirty Years' War . After the extinction of the Lords of Hirschhorn with the death of Friedrich III, who fled to Heilbronn from the chaos of war. in September 1632 fell castle and town on the Kurerzstift Mainz , which the city after the Swedish occupation in 1636 to the Kurkölner pledged court officials Rudolf Raitz von Frentz, who ruthlessly exploited the hard drawn anyway by the war affected population and impoverished. The Carmelites also moved back into the monastery. In 1635 a plague epidemic led to a further decline in population. The almost depopulated place was settled after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 with new citizens from the Palatinate, Kurmainz, Kurtrier, Lorraine, Tyrol and Switzerland. From 1676 Hirschhorn was pledged to the Westphalian baron Johann Wilhelm von der Reck.
From the year 1700 exercised Kurmainz his rule itself and the place became the seat of the Office winery Hirschhorn .
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Transition to Hesse in 1803
With the “ Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ” of February 25, 1803, the territorial relationships in the Old Reich were reorganized. The occasion was the conquests of Napoleon , who had extended the French state border to the Rhine. This last piece of legislation of the Old Kingdom implemented the provisions of the peace at Lunéville , after which the Hirschhorn office came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt . During the Napoleonic Wars , under pressure from Napoleon in 1806, the Grand Duchy of Hesse was created , which incorporated the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Konrad Dahl reported in 1812 in his historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or church history of the Upper Rhinegau about Hirschhorn:
»The town of Hirschhorn is located on the Neckar between Neckarsteinach and Eberbach, both of which are an hour and a half away, but Heidelberg is 4 hours upstream. Its location is very pleasant and you have, especially on the Schlossberg, a beautiful view of the Craich and Essenzqau opposite. The time of its construction is all the less to be determined, since the origin of the Hirschhorn Castle cannot be specified, which is much older and gave the village (the subsequent city) Hirschhorn its origin and name. But this place must have been considerable as early as the 14th century, because King Wenceslas granted it town privileges in 1391 and allowed it to be surrounded by walls and towers. The Roman King Ruprecht also gave this new city the privilege of a weekly market in 1404, which contributed a great deal to the reception of the city. The document teaches what rights the Herr von Hirschhorn had in this city. The boundaries of the truce of the Hirschhorn Castle, which the brothers Hans, Albrecht and Eberhard von Hirschhorn established in 1393 and, after Albrecht's death, the two other brothers in 1411, are specified in a contract (in the copial book). On this castle, which is located on a high mountain behind the town of Hirschhorn, there was a chapel, which was already donated in 1345 and an altar religious was built. In 1406, the knight Johann von Hirschhorn and Jland founded and built the Carmelite monastery in Hirschhorn and in the same year gave it the chapel at the castle with all its rights and income. In the same year this monastery received from Friederich Graf zu Leiningen the pastorei and the church law in Haßloch and in 1410 the church law in Töpingen from Hans von Hirschhorn. The same subsequently received several considerable benefits, pensions and gradients. During the Reformation introduced in the Hirschhorn office in the 16th century, however, the monastery was abolished by Ludwig von Hirschhorn and the Güther, Renthen, and Slopes of the same were confiscated. The Carmelites complained against it in 1597, but did not return to the quiet possession of their monastery until around 1635 or 36. In order to indemnify them for tribulations they had suffered, the Archbishop Anselm Kasimir gave them the parish of Verschheim in 1636, which was then moved to the monastery church in Hirschhorn. As for the parish of Hirschhorn, the one we have just heard is not old, but until 1636 the town of Hirschhorn belonged to the parish of Verschheim or Elsheim, an old village that has now been abandoned, just across from the town of Hirschhorn on the left Side of the Neckar. The first news of this parish can be found in a document from 1345, through which the Pope granted the church in Herßheim an indulgence. In the confirmation letter of the foundation of the chaplaincy at the castle Hirschhorn from Bishop Salmann von Worms (1346) it is determined that said chaplain should not make any entries to the pastor at Erßhein and be content with the offerings. Said Bishop of Worms also granted Engelhard von Hirschhorn permission in 1555 to expand the parish church in Erßheim and, in order to be able to donate three altar deficiencies in it, to unite the parish churches of Eschellbach, Mückenloch and Reilsheim with those three altar deficiencies In future, parishes will only be managed by permanent vicarages and these will be paid for by the parish church in Ersheim. (See document ...). This was the reason for the subsequent so-called presence, or the half-pen to Hirschhorn, of which below. With the parish Ersheim also the parish Schadhausen was incorporated, which Hans von Hirschhorn bought in the year 1377, those handed over to the parish Ersheim and also rebuilt the church in the latter place. I have already said how the parish church was subsequently moved from Ersheim to Hirschhorn. In 1496, according to all of the Worms synodal registers, the towns of Hirschhorn, Jgelsbach, Heimbrunn and Neckarhausen belonged to Erßheim as branches. The places Jgelsbach and Heimbrunn are not only understood to mean the Jgelsbacher and Heimbrunner Höfe, which belong to the Hirschhorn office, but also the village of Jgelsbach in the Eberbach winery and the village of Heimbrunn belonging to the Rodenberg lordship. According to the synodal register just considered, there were five altar pledges in Erßheim in 1496, of which the properties were also given in a renovation in 1553. They were by name: ... The
same came to the Carmelites in the 17th century, as did the incline of the altar deficits drawn in during the Reformation Staghorn. However, they have lost a lot in the aftermath. as z. B. the church sentence to Schadhausen and the Zehen alldam which in the year 1651 electoral Palatinate partly and finally completely moved. The Widdumshof remained with the Carmelites for a while, but subsequently the Dominicans at Heidelberg received it with part of the toe. After the abolished Hirschhorn monastery in 1809, the local parish is now administered by secular clergy. According to the latest constitution, the Hirschhorn parish has branches as Jgelsbach, Heimbronn, Hammelsbach and Kortelshütte. There is also a hospital at Hirschhorn, which, according to its foundation, is very old and appears several times in Hirschhorn documents. In 1491 the conductor of the miserable house in Hirschhorn appears in a document, but I do not know whether this was a special infirmary or the hospital itself.
Hirschhorn counts in the city and suburbs, along with the associated courtyards, 210 residential buildings and 1,268 human souls. In the latter French. During the Revolutionary Wars, this city has suffered severe tribulations.
The Hirschhorn district is irrigated by two brooks, which unite in the suburb and collectively flow below Hirschhorn into the Neckar. The one brook, which is called the great brook, also the great Kerbenbach, comes from Ober- and Unterschönmattenwag, Hedesbach and Langenthal, is also called at HedeSbach the Schwarzbach but is actually the old Ulvina or Ulfenbach as it is really called at Waldmichelbach . The reason for its name at Hirschhorn comes from the dirty name of the valley, which flows from Langenthal to Hirschhern and which can be found in Hirschhorn documents. Little Kerbenbach comes from the Rodenberg domain, takes in a little brook (the Brombach) on the way, and joins Hirschhorn in the big Kerbenbach in the suburbs. From the fishery and other old righteous people, as well as from the former mill on these brooks, see the document….
There are 3 mills on the Kleine Kerbenbach, one of which is a grinding and cutting mill at the same time. Then in Eisenhammer on the large brook with a fruit and oil mill. The manorial forest in the Hirschhörner district, of which the long forest is the most exquisite piece, is very considerable, was measured in 1508 and amounted to 3,808 acres. Much of this, however, was subsequently sold, and even, I believe, to the city, because the city itself now has a considerable forest of its own.
The town and
township of Hirschhorn also include: a) The 4 farms in Jgelsbach, or part of the village of Jgelsbach one hour above Hirschhorn. The Unterchanen there are happy to the city of Hirschhorn and have their parish rights to Hirschhorn and the big toe belongs to the parish.
b) The Heimbronnerhöfe are a part of the Rodenberg village of Obernheimbronn on the small Kerbenbach, which makes it look like that of Jgelsbach. You lie a strong hour from Hirschhorn north in the mountains.
c) The Hammelsbacher Hof below Heimbronn on the Kleine Kerbenbach. It does not appear under this name in Hirschhorn documents, and is probably the Weidenau farm, which Hans and Anna von Hirschhorn sold to the Hirschhorn citizenship in 2547.
d) Ersheim or Erschheim a S.Domingos ancient village against the city Hirschhorn on the Neckar beyond which 137) in a Lorsch deed dated 1023 (Cod. Laur. N. under the names Eressam vorkömmt allschon. There has already been talk of its old parish. It must have died early, because in the 15th and 16th centuries there were no other apartments there than the pastor, the altarist, the bell ringer and a farmer. After the Reformation and probably during times of war they too greedily, and there is nothing more than a crumbling church and two brickworks and their lime kilns. "
The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War the Grand Duchy became a republican state of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and the state of Hesse was created within its current boundaries by order of the military government .
In 1803 the monastery was dissolved again with the transition to Hesse. 1821-1832 Hirschhorn district seat was the District Administrator District Hirschhorn , which then together with the District Administrator District Lindenfels in county Lindenfels opened. The district was renamed the Heppenheim district as early as 1832 . As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, were abolished in the provinces, the districts and the administrative districts of the Grand Duchy on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts". Here, the district Heppenheim went along with the county Bensheim in the administrative district of Heppenheim on. This structure had only existed for four years, because in 1852 the administrative districts were abolished and returned to the district division, with Hirschhorn now part of the new Lindenfels district. In a further administrative reform in 1874, the Lindenfels district was dissolved and the city was added to the Heppenheim district , later the Bergstrasse district. On August 1, 1865, Hirschhorn and other locations were reclassified to the Heppenheim district.
The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about the city now part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse:
»Hirschhorn (L. Bez. Gl. N.) city; is close to the right bank of the Neckar. 14 St. southeast of Darmstadt, and has 201 houses and 1507 Ein., Which up to 24 Luth., 1 Reform. and 58 Jews, all Catholic. Hirschhorn is the seat of the district councilor, the district judge, the tax commissioner and the receptionist ( rent office ); there is also a second-class border customs office here. Here you can find some churches, a Carmelite monastery, which was closed in 1805, a castle (Hirschhorn), 1 hospital, 1 iron hammer, 3 grinding mills with which 1 cutting edge and 1 oil mill are connected, 1 pharmacy, and then on the other side of the bank 1 chapel, the Verschheimer Called Kire, and 2 brick huts with some houses. The city is picturesquely located between the Neckar and a steep mountain, consists of a road from above, but expands below as the Neckar moves away from the mountain. But the inside does not correspond to the outside. Hirschhorn has a suburb in which the Finkenbach merges with the Ulvenbach. Above the town, on a steep mountain, lies the boldly built Hirschhorn Castle, which has partly fallen into disrepair, partly still has buildings from later times, in which the district authority has its seat. Five markets are held annually. The story only gives certain tidings from a Hans von Hirzhorn from 1232-1307; Hirschhorn Castle is not mentioned before him. The von Hirschhorn family was subsequently one of the most respected in the area, was widely respected and possessed very important wealth. She carried the castle and town of Hirschhorn from Mainz as a fief, to which the latter King Wenzel granted city privileges in 1391 and allowed walls and towers. A little later, in 1404, King Rubrecht granted the von Hirschhorn family the right to have a weekly market for the town and in 1406 Hans von Hirschhorn donated the Carmelite monastery to his wife and brothers. The larger parish church was formerly a Protestant church, since the von Hirschhorn family had adopted the Protestant faith and the greater part of the subjects followed them in it. But after Friedrich von Hirschhorn's family died out in 1632, the castle and town had reverted to the Archbishopric of Mainz as an opened fief, and the Bavarians also displaced Protestantism in the Thirty Years' War , the Catholic cult was reintroduced. In 1802 Hirschhorn came from Mainz to Hesse. In October 1824 the Neckar rose, almost from its lowest level, in a period of 24 hours, after 3 hours of rain, to 2 feet above the previous highest water level of 1789. Several buildings were torn away, and all the houses in the lower streets filled with water up to the roofs; 14 families lost their homes. "
From 1821 to 1968 Hirschhorn was the seat of a regional court or, from 1879, a local court and then until 2003 the seat of a branch of the Fürth local court .
In 1849 there were fighting between the Hanauer Turnerwehr, Baden vigilantes and federal troops in the city and around Hirschhorn as part of the Baden Revolution .
In 1841 the beginning of the Neckar steamship industry brought a certain upswing. In 1878 chain shipping replaced the unprofitable tow barge , but made their profession unemployed. In 1879, the Neckar Valley Railway began operating, connecting Hirschhorn with Heidelberg and Mosbach . The train station built outside the historic city center in the direction of Neckarsteinach gave the impetus for further expansion of the building in this direction. The Neckar barrage with lock and the Neckar bridge, which connects Hirschhorn with Ersheim, was inaugurated in 1933 and expanded into a double lock in 1959. The road connection created by the bridge to Ersheim, which had been abandoned for centuries, led to the construction of the school and some residential buildings there in the 1930s. In 1937 Hirschhorn was given the addition of Neckar .
Hirschhorn since World War II
With the end of the Second World War , numerous evacuees and displaced persons , mainly from the Sudetenland , were assigned to the place. At the end of 1946 around 400 evacuees and around 415 refugees were counted. The narrowness of the historic city meant that a lot of building land was developed, especially in Ersheim, so that almost 1000 apartments were built there by 1982 and the population of the formerly deserted place today exceeds that of the old town. In 1960 Hirschhorn was named a climatic health resort . In 1961 the size of the district was given as 2450 hectares , of which 1944 hectares were forest. The school extension was completed in 1970. In 1976, construction work began on the “Bridge-Tunnel-Bridge” project, which was completed in 1982 and directs traffic on Bundesstraße 37 past the site. In 1980 a sewage treatment plant was built , and in 1983 the Jahnstrasse sports hall was inaugurated. The 1993 flood of the century on the Neckar left a lot of damage.
Incorporations
As part of the regional reform in Hesse on April 1, 1972, the municipality of Langenthal became a district of Hirschhorn. Local districts according to the Hessian municipal code were not established.
Territorial history and administration
The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Hirschhorn was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:
- before 1782: Holy Roman Empire , Electorate Mainz , District Bailiwick Hirschhorn
- from 1782: Holy Roman Empire, Electorate Mainz, Lower Archbishopric, District Bailiwick Hirschhorn
- from 1803: Holy Roman Empire, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ), Principality of Starkenburg , Office of Hirschhorn
- from 1806: Grand Duchy of Hesse , Principality of Starkenburg, Hirschhorn Office
- from 1815: German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg , Hirschhorn Office
- from 1821: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Starkenburg Province, Hirschhorn district (separation between justice ( Hirschhorn district court ) and administration)
- from 1832: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Heppenheim
- from 1848: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, administrative district of Heppenheim
- from 1852: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Starkenburg Province, Lindenfels District
- from 1865: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Heppenheim
- from 1867: Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Heppenheim
- from 1871: German Empire , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Starkenburg, District of Heppenheim
- from 1918: German Empire, People's State of Hesse , Starkenburg Province, Heppenheim District
- from 1938: German Empire, People's State of Hesse , Bergstrasse district (In the course of the regional reform in 1938 , the three Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse are dissolved.)
- from 1945: American zone of occupation , Greater Hesse , Darmstadt administrative district, Bergstrasse district
- from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Darmstadt district, Bergstrasse district
population
Population structure
According to the 2011 census , there were 3,541 residents in Hirschhorn on May 9, 2011. 304 (8.59%) were foreigners, 104 of whom came from outside the EU , 171 from other European countries and 29 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 1606 households. Of these, 561 were single households , 499 couples without children and 395 couples with children, as well as 122 single parents and 29 shared apartments .
Population development
| • 1812: | 1268 inhabitants, 210 houses |
| • 1829: | 1507 inhabitants, 201 houses |
| • 1867: | 1848 inhabitants, 251 houses |
| Hirschhorn: Population from 1812 to 2015 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | |||
| 1812 | 1,268 | |||
| 1829 | 1,507 | |||
| 1834 | 1,790 | |||
| 1840 | 1,853 | |||
| 1846 | 1.921 | |||
| 1852 | 1,835 | |||
| 1858 | 1,854 | |||
| 1864 | 1,881 | |||
| 1871 | 1,762 | |||
| 1875 | 1,838 | |||
| 1885 | 2.007 | |||
| 1895 | 1.938 | |||
| 1905 | 2,057 | |||
| 1910 | 2,203 | |||
| 1925 | 2,271 | |||
| 1939 | 2,196 | |||
| 1946 | 3,065 | |||
| 1950 | 3,081 | |||
| 1956 | 3,048 | |||
| 1961 | 3.121 | |||
| 1967 | 3,639 | |||
| 1970 | 3,585 | |||
| 1972 | 3,993 | |||
| 1976 | 4.112 | |||
| 1984 | 3,959 | |||
| 1992 | 3,902 | |||
| 2000 | 3,700 | |||
| 2005 | 3,692 | |||
| 2010 | 3,600 | |||
| 2011 | 3,541 | |||
| 2015 | 3,450 | |||
| Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Further sources:; 1806 :; 1972 :; 1976 :; 1984 :; 1992 :; 2000 :; 2005 :; 2010 :; 2011 census; 2015: From 1972 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform . | ||||
Religious affiliation
| • 1829: | 24 Lutheran (= 1.59%), one Reformed (= 0.07%), 58 Jewish (= 3.85%) and 1424 Catholic (= 94.55%) residents |
| • 1961: | 705 Protestant (= 22.59%), 2331 Catholic (= 74.69%) residents |
| • 2011: | 1110 Protestant (= 31.3%), 1539 Catholic (= 43.5%), 892 other (= 25.2%) residents |
Gainful employment
The municipality in comparison with the district, administrative district Darmstadt and Hesse:
| year | local community | district | Administrative district | Hesse | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employees subject to social security contributions | 2017 | 1,113 | 72,939 | 1,695,567 | 2,524,156 |
| Change to | 2000 | −23.1% | + 17.1% | + 16.1% | + 16.0% |
| of which full-time | 2017 | 77.8% | 70.8% | 72.8% | 71.8% |
| of which part-time | 2017 | 22.2% | 29.2% | 27.2% | 28.2% |
| Only marginally paid employees | 2017 | 160 | 15,613 | 224.267 | 372.991 |
| Change to | 2000 | −5.3% | −4.3% | + 9.0% | + 8.8% |
| Branch | year | local community | district | Administrative district | Hesse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing | 2000 | 56.9% | 39.6% | 27.0% | 30.6% |
| 2017 | 56.2% | 32.1% | 20.4% | 24.3% | |
| Commerce, hospitality and transport | 2000 | 29.2% | 25.1% | 26.4% | 25.1% |
| 2017 | 21.6% | 25.8% | 24.7% | 23.8% | |
| Business services | 2000 | 8.8% | 11.6% | 25.1% | 20.2% |
| 2017 | 6.0% | 15.5% | 31.6% | 26.1% | |
| other services | 2000 | 4.8% | 22.0% | 20.1% | 22.5% |
| 2017 | 16.2% | 25.3% | 23.0% | 25.4% | |
| Other (or without assignment) | 2000 | 0.3% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| 2017 | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 0.4% |
religion
The population is almost equally Evangelical-Lutheran and Catholic. A smaller group of Muslim and New Apostolic fellow citizens live in Hirschhorn. In 2009, after more than 200 years, three Indian Carmelites moved into the Carmelite monastery , which had been orphaned since 1803. They also provide the Catholic pastor.
politics
City Council
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
||
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 36.9 | 6th | 38.5 | 7th | 42.1 | 7th | 56.7 | 10 | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 26.9 | 5 | 31.1 | 5 | 28.2 | 5 | 43.3 | 7th | |
| Staghorn profile | Staghorn profile | 36.2 | 6th | 30.4 | 5 | 29.6 | 5 | - | - | |
| total | 100.0 | 17th | 100.0 | 17th | 100.0 | 17th | 100.0 | 17th | ||
| Voter turnout in% | 51.2 | 58.6 | 53.2 | 57.3 | ||||||
mayor
According to the Hessian municipal constitution, the mayor is the chairman of the magistrate , which in the town of Hirschhorn (Neckar) includes six voluntary councilors in addition to the mayor . Oliver Berthold, a non-party member, has been mayor since December 1, 2016. He is elected until 2022. His directly elected predecessors were
- Rainer Sens 2011 to 2016. He took office on June 15, 2011, was voted out of office on June 5, 2016 in a referendum and left office on June 6, 2016. Until the successor took office, the First City Councilor Karlheinz Happes (Hirschhorn profile) took over the official business.
- Ute Stenger 1999 to 2011
- Ilona Dörr 1996 to 1999
badges and flags
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 |
Blazon : "In a gold set bäumter red deer with blue tongue."
The town of Hirschhorn in the Bergstrasse district was approved by the Hessian Minister of the Interior on August 5, 1964 to change the previous coat of arms. The deer is a talking symbol. The colors go back to the coat of arms of the former local nobility, the Lords of Hirschhorn , who used an upright stag pole with five ends as a coat of arms. The coat of arms of the local nobility can usually be seen on the historical buildings of the village. |
The flag of the city of Hirschhorn was approved on September 4, 1964 and is described as follows: "The municipal coat of arms is placed on the crosspoint on the flag cloth changed in blue and yellow."
Town twinning
Hirschhorn has had a town partnership with Château-Landon in France since 1981 .
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The medieval Hirschhorn Castle extends on a mountain spur above the town. The castle, which is walled and fortified by towers, has preserved the keep, palas, stables and several gate and farm buildings.
- Below the castle is the former Carmelite monastery church of the Annunciation , consecrated in 1406, with St. Anne's chapel from 1513. The church is rich in medieval epitaphs by von Hirschhorn and has a Gothic sandstone rood screen . The former monastery building has been preserved to the right of the church .
- The parish church of the Immaculate Conception of Mary was built between 1628 and 1630 as a Lutheran church, closed in the course of the Counter-Reformation in 1636, rebuilt as a Catholic town church in 1730/31 and consecrated on July 2, 1732, including new altars by Worms Auxiliary Bishop Johann Anton Wallreuther . The church uses the much older gate tower of the former central gate from 1392 as its steeple. Other remains of the city wall have been preserved in the village, including the east gate, which was used until 1830.
- The third church in the village is the Evangelical Church at the mouth of Grabengasse, consecrated in 1892.
- Numerous old half-timbered houses have been preserved in the old town of Hirschhorn .
- The Hirschhorn barrage with lock and bridge function was designed by the architect Paul Bonatz , one of the main representatives of the Stuttgart school . Between 1926 and 1928 he was responsible for the drafts of all Neckar barrages. The implementation, which partly lasted until 1933, was carried out by Otto Hirsch and Otto Konz. Despite its infrastructural function, the barrage in Hirschhorn is one of the city's distinctive structures.
- The Ersheim Chapel is located on a spur tip in the Ersheim district on the opposite side of the Neckar. It was mentioned in a document in 773 in the Lorsch Codex and is considered the oldest church in the Neckar Valley .
- Outside of Hirschhorn there is a historic rock painting at the Waldbrudershütte in the Ulfenbachtal.
Ersheim Chapel of
St. Nazarius and Celsus
Carmelite Monastery
Church of the Annunciation
Catholic parish church
Maria Immaculata with gate tower
Catholic parish church
Maria Immaculata , altars
Museums
The Langbein Museum houses the "natural history and antiquity collection" of the Hirschhorn innkeeper Carl Langbein (1816 to 1881) on the Alleeweg corner of Grabengasse in the guest house, the former forestry office building. There is also a small tourist information office here, and this is where the guided tours of the city and castle begin on Saturdays between May and September.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Hirschhorn is located on the Neckar Valley Railway ( Heidelberg - Bad Friedrichshall ), which has been served every half hour by the RheinNeckar S-Bahn since 2003 .
At Hirschhorn, federal road 37 cuts the large bend of the Neckar over two bridges and a tunnel. The west bridge curves over the river.
The Hirschhorn Neckar barrage with lock has existed since 1933 . The structure also serves as a bridge over the Neckar , by means of which the districts of Ersheim south of the Neckar and the Kleine Odenwald can be reached.
Bike trails
The following cycle paths lead through the city and along the Neckar :
- The Neckar Valley Cycle Path leads over 410 kilometers from the origin of the Neckar in Villingen-Schwenningen along the Neckar to its confluence with the Rhine near Mannheim .
- The 225 km long 3-country cycle route leads as a circular route through the triangle of Hesse, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. The route explores the Odenwald along the Mümling, Neckar and Main rivers.
- The Hessian long-distance cycle route R4 begins in Hirschhorn am Neckar and runs with a total length of 385 kilometers from south to north through Hesse, along from Mümling, Nidda and Schwalm to Bad Karlshafen an der Weser.
Established businesses
- Meto GmbH
- GH-Induction Germany Induktions-Heizungs-Anlagen GmbH
- ITG Induktionsanlagen GmbH
- Ajax Tocco Magnethermic GmbH
- K. Biesinger GmbH - Electricity meter, water meter, test center
- Contact GmbH
- Dekodur GmbH & Co. KG
Public facilities
- Admission office of the Bergstrasse district until 2007 (then until at least 2028 in Neckarsteinach)
- Branch office of the Darmstadt employment office
- Police post of the Wald-Michelbach police force
Educational institutions
- Neckartalschule Hirschhorn (primary school)
Leisure and sports facilities
- Sports hall and sports field Jahnstrasse
- Primary school gymnasium
- Campsite with outdoor pool
- Neckar Valley Cycle Path
- Stoppomat : The Hirschhorn community has set up permanent timekeeping for cyclists, runners, skaters, Nordic walkers and handbikers. This facility was dismantled on December 1, 2017.
literature
- Magistrate of the city of Hirschhorn (ed.): Hirschhorn / Neckar 773–1973 , Eberbach 1973
- Christina Kimmel: Hans V. von Hirschhorn in the service of the Electoral Palatinate, Regional Culture Publishing House, Ubstadt-Weiher, ISBN 978-3-89735-124-0
- Alfred Röder: From Ersheim to Hirschhorn , Magistrate of the City of Hirschhorn 1984
- Ulrich Spiegelberg : Hirschhorn and his churches , Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich Berlin 2006
- Ulrich Spiegelberg: Hirschhorn - City and Surroundings , Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich Berlin 2007
- Ulrich Spiegelberg: The Hirschhorn Castle on the Neckar - From the knight's castle of the 13th century to the Renaissance castle , Brochure 29, Edition of the Administration of the State Palaces and Gardens of Hesse, Schnell and Steiner GmbH, Regensburg 2008
- Literature on Hirschhorn in the Hessian Bibliography
Web links
- 360 ° aerial panorama of the Nackar loop near Hirschhorn (direction of view after loading the panorama is north)
- Hirschhorn (Neckar), Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Information on the community of Hirschhorn (Neckar). In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agentur GmbH , 2016.
- Link catalog on the topic of stag horn at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ 78th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on January 30, 2013 . In: The Hessian Minister for Economics, Transport and State Development (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 2013 No. 7 , p. 309 , point 196 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 15.9 MB ]).
- ↑ a b c Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 246 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
- ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
- ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 110 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ↑ a b c d Hirschhorn (Neckar), Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 4, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB 770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 200 .
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB 013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
- ^ A b Population according to nationality groups: Hirschhorn (Neckar), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
- ^ Households by family: Hirschhorn (Neckar), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
- ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 40 ( online at google books ).
- ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No. 33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
- ↑ Local elections 1977; Relevant population of the municipalities (item 1668) from December 15, 1976 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1976 No. 52 , p. 2283 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 10.3 MB ]).
- ^ Local elections 1985; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 30, 1984 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1984 No. 46 , p. 2175 , point 1104 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
- ↑ local elections 1993; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 21, 1992 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1992 No. 44 , p. 2766 , point 935 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.1 MB ]).
- ↑ a b Community data sheet: Hirchhorn. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH
- ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2005). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original .
- ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2010). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original .
- ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2015). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original .
- ^ Religious affiliation : Hirschhorn (Neckar), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in July 2015 .
- ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
- ^ Deer horn profile. In: web presence. Retrieved May 7, 2018 .
- ↑ Direct elections in Hirschhorn (Neckar). Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in September 2019 .
- ↑ Hirschhorn has a mayor again. In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung. November 24, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2016 .
- ^ Ute Stenger said goodbye - Rainer Sens from mid-June city hall. In: Neckartal-Odenwald online magazine. June 3, 2012, accessed December 12, 2016 .
- ↑ Deselection according to Section 76, Paragraph 4 of the Hessian Municipal Code
- ^ Deselection in Hirschhorn. In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung. June 7, 2016, accessed September 2019 .
- ↑ Political bodies and magistrate of the city of Hirschhorn ( Memento from June 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Approval for changing a coat of arms by the Hessian Minister of the Interior on August 5, 1964 . In: State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1964 No. 34 , p. 1038 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 67.8 MB ]).
- ^ Approval of a flag for the city of Hirschhorn, Bergstrasse district, Darmasadt regional council from September 21, 1964 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1964 No. 38 , p. 1187 , point 1087 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
- ↑ Consecration of the parish church Hirschhorn, 1732. In: dilibri Rheinland-Pfalz. Retrieved September 2019 (Hirschhorn Kr.Bergstrasse, 1732 VII 2).
- ↑ Admission office remains in Neckarsteinach, no change with Hirschhorn. In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung. May 15, 2018, accessed September 2019 .
- ↑ Hirschhorn City Gazette. December 1, 2017, p. 8. Retrieved October 11, 2019 .
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Abtsteinach | Bensheim | Biblis | Birkenau | Bürstadt | Einhausen | Fürth | Gorxheimertal | Grasellenbach | Gross-Rohrheim | Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) | Hirschhorn (Neckar) | Lampertheim | Lautertal (Odenwald) | Lindenfels | Lorsch | Mörlenbach | Neckarsteinach | Rimbach | Viernheim | Wald-Michelbach | Zwingenberg
Non- parish area in the Bergstrasse
Michelbuch district