List of heads of state 998

Overview
◄◄ | ◄ | 994 | 995 | 996 | 997 | List of Heads of State 998 | 999 | 1000 | 1001 | 1002 | ► | ►►
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Africa

Champa
- King : Vijaya Shrî Harivarman II (991–998)
- King: Yan Pu Ku Vijaya Shrî (998-1007)

China
- Liao (in North China)
  - Emperor : Shengzong (982-1031)
- Northern song
  - Emperor : Zhenzong (987-1022)
- Xi Xia
  - Emperor : Tàizǔ (991–1004)

India
- Western Chalukya (in the West Indies)
  - King : Jata Choda Bhima (973-1000)
- Chola (in South India)
  - King : Rajaraja I (985-1014)
- Cashmere ( Lohara Dynasty )
  - Queen : Didda (958-1003)
- Pala
  - King : Ramapala (approx. 974 – approx. 1027)
- Pratihara
  - King : Rajyapala (960-1018)

Iran
- Buyiden
  - Ruler of Jibal : Shams ad-Daula Abu Tahir Fulan (997-1021)
  - Ruler of Fars, Chuzistan and Kirman : Samsam ad-Daula Abu Kalidschar Marzuban (990–998)
  - Ruler: Baha ad-Daula Abu Nasr Firuz (998-1012)
- Ghaznavids
  - Ruler : Mahmud (997-1030)
- Saffarids
  - Ruler : Wali d-Daula Abu Ahmad Chalaf (969–1003)
- Samanids
  - Ruler : Abu l-Harith Mansur II (997–999)

Denmark
- King : Sven Gabelbart (986–1014) (1013–1014 King of England), (986–995, 1000–1014 King of Norway)

France
- King : Robert II (996-1031)
- Anjou
  - Count : Fulko III. (987-1040)
- Aquitaine
  - Duke : Wilhelm V (995-1030)
- Auvergne
  - Count : Wilhelm IV. (989-1016)
- Brittany
  - Duke : Gottfried I (992-1008)
- Burgundy (Duchy)
  - Duke : Heinrich I (965-1002)
- Burgundy (Free County)
  - Count Palatine : Otto Wilhelm (982-1026)
- Maine
  - Count : Hugo III. (992-1015)
- Normandy
  - Duke : Richard II (996-1026)
- Toulouse county
  - Count : Wilhelm III. (960-1037)

Holy Roman Empire
- Roman-German King : Otto III. (983–1002) (since 996 Kaiser )
  - Bavaria
    - Duke : Heinrich IV. (995–1004, 1009–1017 ) (1002–1024 Roman-German king)
  - Bohemia
    - Duke : Boleslav II (967–999)
  - Flanders
    - Count : Balduin IV. (988-1035)
  - Holland
    - Count : Dietrich III. (993-1039)
  - Carinthia
    - Duke : Otto I. ( 978-983 , 995-1004)
  - Lausitz
    - Margrave : Gero (993-1015)
  - Luxembourg
    - Count : Siegfried I. (963-998)
    - Count: Heinrich I (998-1026)
  - Meissen
    - Margrave : Ekkehard I. (985-1002)
  - Lower Lorraine
    - Duke : Otto (991–1005 / 06)
  - Nordmark
    - Margrave : Lothar von Walbeck (993-1003)
  - Upper Lorraine
    - Duke : Dietrich I. (984-1026 / 27)
  - Saxony
    - Duke : Bernhard I (973-1011)
  - Swabia
    - Duke : Hermann II. (997-1003)

Italy
- National King : Otto III. (983-1002)
- Amalfi
  - Duke : Manso I (966–1004) (981–983 Prince of Salerno)
- Benevento (common rule)
  - Duke : Pandulf II. (981-1014)
  - Duke: Landulf V. (987-1033)
- Capua
  - Prince : Laidulf (993–999)
- Ivrea
  - Margrave : Konrad (965-1001)
- Papal States
  - Pope : Gregory V (996–999)
- Montferrat
  - Margrave : Wilhelm III. (991-1017)
- Naples
  - Duke : Sergius III. (977-999)
- Salerno
  - Prince : Waimar III. (994-1027)
- Sicily ( Kalbites )
  - Emir : Yusuf al-Kalbi (989-998)
  - Emir: Ja'far al-Kalbi (998-1019)
- Tuscany
  - Duke : Hugo (961-1001)
- Venice
  - Doge : Pietro II. Orseolo (991-1009)

Spain
- Barcelona county
  - Count : Raimund Borrell (992-1017)
- Caliphate of Cordoba
  - Caliph : Hisham II (976-1009, 1010-1013 )
- Castile
  - Count : Sancho García (995-1017)
- Leon
  - King : Bermudo II (984–999)
- Navarre
  - King : García II (994–1000)

Wales
- Deheubarth
  - Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Powys and Gwynedd)
- Glywysing
  - Prince : Hywel from Owain (around 990 – around 1043)
- Gwent (983-1015 joint rule)
  - Prince : Rhodri ap Elisedd (983 – around 1015)
  - Prince: Gruffydd ap Elisedd (983 – around 1015)
- Gwynedd
  - Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Powys and Deheubarth)
- Powys
  - Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Deheubarth and Gwynedd)