List of heads of state 993

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Africa

• Egypt ( Fatimids )
  • Caliph : al-ʿAzīz (975–996)

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : Jan Seyum (959–999)

• Ifrīqiy ( Zirids )
  • Ruler : al-Mansur ibn Ziri (984–995)

Asia

• Armenia
  • King : Gagik I. (989-1020)

• Bagan
  • King : Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu (992-1014)

• Champa
  • King : Vijaya Shrî Harivarman II (991–998)

• China
  • Liao (in North China)
    • Emperor : Shengzong (982-1031)
  • Northern song
    • Emperor : Zhenzong (987-1022)
  • Xi Xia
    • Emperor : Tàizǔ (991–1004)

• Georgia
  • King : Bagrat II (958-994)

• India
  • Western Chalukya (in the West Indies)
    • King : Jata Choda Bhima (973-1000)
  • Chola (in South India)
    • King : Rajaraja I (985-1014)
  • Cashmere ( Lohara Dynasty )
    • Queen : Didda (958-1003)
  • Pala
    • King : Ramapala (approx. 974 – approx. 1027)
  • Pratihara
    • King : Rajyapala (960-1018)

• Iran
  • Buyiden
    • Ruler of Jibal : Fachr ad-Daula Abu l-Hasan Ali (977-997)
    • Ruler of Fars and Khuzistan : Samsam ad-Daula Abu Kalidschar Marzuban (990–998)
    • Ruler of Kirman : Samsam ad-Daula Abu Kalidschar Marzuban (983-998)
  • Saffarids
    • Ruler : Wali d-Daula Abu Ahmad Chalaf (969–1003)
  • Samanids
    • Ruler : al-Amir ar-Radi Abu l-Qasim Nuh (976-997)

• Japan
  • Emperor : Ichijō (986-1011)

• Khmer
  • King : Jayavarman V (968-1001)

• Korea
  • Goryeo
    • King : Seongjong (981-997)

• Mataram
  • King : Dharmawangsa (985-1006)

• Caliphate of the Muslims
  • Caliph : al-Qādir bi-'llāh (991-1031)

Europe

• Bulgaria
  • Tsar : Roman (977-997)

• Burgundy
  • King : Konrad III. (937-993)
  • King: Rudolf III. (993-1032)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : Basil II (976-1025)

• Denmark
  • King : Sven Gabelbart (986–1014) (1013–1014 King of England), (986–995, 1000–1014 King of Norway)

• England
  • King : Æthelred the unadvised (978-1013, 1014-1016 )

• France
  • King : Hugo Capet (987-996)
  • Anjou
    • Count : Fulko III. (987-1040)
  • Aquitaine
    • Duke : Wilhelm IV. (963–995)
  • Auvergne
    • Count : Wilhelm IV. (989-1016)
  • Brittany
    • Duke : Gottfried I (992-1008)
  • Burgundy (Duchy)
    • Duke : Heinrich I (965-1002)
  • Burgundy (Free County)
    • Count Palatine : Otto Wilhelm (982-1026)
  • Maine
    • Count : Hugo III. (992-1015)
  • Normandy
    • Duke : Richard I (943-996)
  • Toulouse county
    • Count : Wilhelm III. (960-1037)

• Holy Roman Empire
  • Roman-German King : Otto III. (983–1002) (since 996 Kaiser )
    • Bavaria
      • Duke : Heinrich II. (985–995)
    • Bohemia
      • Duke : Boleslav II (967–999)
    • Flanders
      • Count : Balduin IV. (988-1035)
    • Holland
      • Count : Arnulf (988-993)
      • Count: Dietrich III. (993-1039)
    • Carinthia
      • Duke : Heinrich II. (989–995)
    • Lausitz
      • Margrave of Lausitz and Nordmark : Hodo I. (965–993)
      • Margrave: Gero (993-1015)
    • Luxembourg
      • Count : Siegfried I. (963-998)
    • Meissen
      • Margrave : Ekkehard I. (985-1002)
    • Lower Lorraine
      • Duke : Otto (991–1005 / 06)
    • Nordmark
      • Margrave : Lothar von Walbeck (993-1003)
    • Upper Lorraine
      • Duke : Dietrich I. (984-1026 / 27)
    • Saxony
      • Duke : Bernhard I (973-1011)
    • Swabia
      • Duke : Konrad I (983-997)

• Italy
  • National King : Otto III. (983-1002)
  • Amalfi
    • Duke : Manso I (966–1004) (981–983 Prince of Salerno)
  • Benevento (common rule)
    • Duke : Pandulf II. (981-1014)
    • Duke: Landulf V. (987-1033)
  • Capua
    • Prince : Landenulf II (982–993)
    • Prince: Laidulf (993–999)
  • Ivrea
    • Margrave : Konrad (965-1001)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : John XV (985-996)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Wilhelm III. (991-1017)
  • Naples
    • Duke : Sergius III. (977-999)
  • Salerno
    • Prince : John II (983-994)
  • Sicily ( Kalbites )
    • Emir : Yusuf al-Kalbi (989-998)
  • Tuscany
    • Duke : Hugo (961-1001)
  • Venice
    • Doge : Pietro II. Orseolo (991-1009)

• Croatia
  • King : Stjepan Držislav (969–997)

• Norway
  • König : Sven Gabelbart (987–995)

• Poland
  • Duke : Bolesław I. Chrobry (992-1025) (from 1025 king)

• Russia
  • Grand Duke : Vladimir I (980-1015)

• Scotland
  • King : Kenneth II (971–995)

• Sweden
  • King : Erik VIII (around 975–995)

• Spain
  • Barcelona county
    • Count : Raimund Borrell (992-1017)
  • Caliphate of Cordoba
    • Caliph : Hisham II (976-1009, 1010-1013 )
  • Castile
    • Count : García Fernández (970–995)
  • Leon
    • King : Bermudo II (984–999)
  • Navarre
    • King : Sancho II (970–994)

• Hungary
  • Grand Duke : Géza (971–997)

• Wales
  • Deheubarth
    • Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Powys and Gwynedd)
  • Glywysing
    • Prince : Hywel from Owain (around 990 – around 1043)
  • Gwent (983-1015 joint rule)
    • Prince : Rhodri ap Elisedd (983 – around 1015)
    • Prince: Gruffydd ap Elisedd (983 – around 1015)
  • Gwynedd
    • Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Powys and Deheubarth)
  • Powys
    • Prince : Maredudd from Owain (986–999) (986–999 Prince of Deheubarth and Gwynedd)

• Zeta (in present-day Montenegro)
  • Prince : Jovan Vladimir (989-1015)