List of the desert areas in the Eichsfeld district
This list shows the desert areas in the Eichsfeld district . The district of Eichsfeld is not identical to the historical Eichsfeld , but extends over large areas of the upper field and a smaller part of the lower field. The Eichsfeld was one of the most desolate areas in the Holy Roman Empire , with around 288 preserved places or settlements compared to over 530 desolations.
Historical background
The lower-lying areas of the Eichsfeld were initially settled from the south by Thuringian ethnic groups, especially after the migration period . After the destruction of the Thuringian kingdom migrated from the north to Saxony attributed ostfälische strains belonging to the middle and the south also came Frankish settlers. Wends also settled there , some place names and the Wendish mark still surviving today. Whether the current language border between Low German and Central German also represented the settlement limit is not exactly proven.
With the further settlement of the Eichsfeld, larger forest areas were cleared in higher regions and numerous small villages or settlements were founded. Many of these places were abandoned up to the 15th century, especially after armed conflicts in the late Middle Ages, but also due to inadequate living conditions. The residents then mostly moved to neighboring and larger villages, which offered more protection, the demarcation of these places was then usually added to these places. Although the Eichsfeld was badly affected in the Thirty Years War, hardly any places were permanently abandoned during this time. From the 20th century onwards, single farms and mills outside the villages were given up; after 1945, this particularly affected farms and former manors close to the inner German border , which were forcibly cleared and demolished.
List of desolations
The list does not claim to be complete, as there are only a few documents or documents of many place names. With some desert names, it is not certain whether they are pure local desertions or corridors. Places that were abandoned and later repopulated under the same name, as well as abandoned castle complexes, are not listed. The geographic location of many other desert locations is not known (?). The date of the first mention is therefore typically not a date of foundation, the foundation was earlier. The dating of the abandonment of the desert is even less precise; the point in time can usually only be estimated by the fact that the place name no longer appears in documents from a certain point in time. Typical is the variety of spellings that have changed over the decades and centuries. An exact assignment of historical place names in old documents to today's villages is therefore not always guaranteed.
| Surname | location | First mention | Beginning of lying in the desert | Remarks | image | |
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| Albolderode | Reifenstein | 1123 | after the monastery was built | |||
| Altendorf | Heilbad Heiligenstadt | Noble family von Altendorf: Hans 1381, Guntram Vogt on the Rusteberg | ||||
| Altenhagen | Wingerode | 1281 | ||||
| Altjützenbach | Jützenbach | 1124 (Guzenbeche novali) | 13th century | |||
| Amscherode | Geismar | 1577 (Amsrode) | ||||
| Arm swing | Burgwalde , Schachtebich | 17th century (Allmanswend) | possibly a predecessor of Burgwalde | |||
| Arnolsbach | Fretterode | 1856 interest and tithes from the desert to that of Hanstein | ||||
| Ascha | Holungen , Bischofferode | 1124 | after 1506? | |||
| Ascherode | Martinfeld | 1146 (Eseherichsrode) | belonged to the Ascheröder Mühle court of Tastungen (demolished in 1975) |
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| Bauerneck | Stöckey , Weilrode | |||||
| Beisenburg , Poiseburg | Beuren | 1412 (Poyseburg) | after 1836 | Vorwerk | ||
| Bennekendorf | Holungen | 1431 (Benkinsdorff) | ||||
| Bergeshagen | Breitenbach | 1191 (Berengerhagen) | 16th century | |||
| Broom clearance | Hohengandern | 1362 (Amsrode) | 1533 Vorwerk Besenrode | |||
| (Nieder) -Beuren | Beuren | 1201 (Boers) | the later monastery of Beuren | |||
| Bibra | Rengelrode | 1318 (Bybera) | ||||
| Boppenrode | Bischofferode | 1293 (Popenrode) | ||||
| Colorful | Rustenfelde | 1162 | Colorful mill | |||
| Deienrode | Schönau | 1318 (deyenrode) | before 1676 | |||
| Dorntal | Sickerode | before 1358 (Dornthal) | former Thormühle as a remnant | |||
| Eckstedt | Wachsedt , Küllstedt | 1318 (Bybera) | before 1514 | |||
| Eilrode, Elenrode | Marth | 1254 (Elenrod) | at today's Wiesenmühle | |||
| Ehrenborn, Ohrborn | Martinfeld | 1317 (Orneborn) | before 1420 | |||
| Eltingerode, Ellingerode, Etzelrode | Gerterode | (1549) | Ellingeröder or Schwarzburger Mühle as a relic | |||
| Esplingerode | Stöckey , Epschenrode | 1087 | after the founding of Epschenrode | |||
| Etzelsbach | Steinbach | before 1556 | Etzelsbach pilgrimage chapel as a remnant |
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| Friedrichshausen | Bornhagen | 1335 (Fredegershusen) | ||||
| Fromelderode | Martinfeld | 1339 (Conradus dictus) Foreign wheel | before 1511 | |||
| (Upper) peace | Great potter | 1358 | 15th century | |||
| Germerode | Wingerode | |||||
| Glasehausen | Schönau , Uder | 1341 | after 1600 | |||
| Goburg | Volkerode | 1358 (in villa Gaburg) | 15./16. Century | Fortification with village |
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| Götzenrode | Großbartloff | before 1608 (Getzenroda) | ||||
| Griesbach | Uder | 1305 (Gryzebeche) | 1341 (or earlier) | |||
| Griemelbach, Grumelbeche u. a. | Bischhagen , Siemerode | 1310 (Crimelbech) | 14th century | |||
| Gunzerode, Günzerode | Flinsberg | 1146 | before 1600 | |||
| Hadewardshausen | Heilbad Heiligenstadt | 1254 (Hadewardeshusen) | on the outskirts of Heiligenstadt | |||
| Hadewarterode, Hauterode | from 1227 there are documents for the two present-day places Steinheuterode and Wüstheuterode , but these cannot be clearly assigned | |||||
| Harbach, Horbach | Wingerode , Hundeshagen | 1281 | 16th century | |||
| Haselbach | Jützenbach | 1124 | ||||
| Haukental, Hackental | Geismar | before 1420 (Hauckental) | ||||
| Heddigerode | Kleinbartloff | 1253 | 16th century | |||
| Heathens | Gernrode , Breitenworbis | 1549 | ||||
| Helmeried | Stockey | 1123 | after the founding of Stöckey am Rittergut | |||
| Herrmannshagen | Teistungen , Hundeshagen | 1191 | ||||
| Hessel | Meadow field | 1358 (villa Hesteler) | before 1465 | Upper and lower Hessel Gut Hessel |
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| Heart corner | Dingelstädt | 1134 (Hirzwinkili) | ||||
| Hillenhaben | Weißenborn-Lüderode | 1124 (Hildenhaben) | ||||
| Hirsingerode | Schwobfeld | 1206 (Hurchenroth) | before 1358 (Hersungerode) | |||
| High cool, Hokulle | Dingelstädt | 1134 | 14th century | |||
| Honeckerode, Hankenrode | Schwobfeld | 1284 | to the west is today's place Hennigerode | |||
| Hoscherod | Haynrode | 1222 | 16th century | |||
| Hunrode, Hunnigerode | Westhausen | 1603 (Hungerode) | 1610 (Heinchenroda) | |||
| Huchelheim | Kaltohmfeld | 14th century | ||||
| Hüchelheim, Huchelheim | Heilbad Heiligenstadt | 1316 (Huchelheym) | Huchelheim gate in the city wall, noble family: Heinrich 1312 | |||
| Hudenrode | ? Weißenborn-Lüderode | 1124 | ||||
| Hugenworbis | Latitude | 1268 | 17th century |
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| Hunderode, Hunrode | Marth | 1318 (invilla Gunrode) | today the Hunrod farm complex | |||
| Hunrode | Soil clearing | before 1603 | ||||
| Ickendorf | Ferna | 1062 | 15th century | |||
| Immental | Jützenbach | 1124 (Imbendale) | ||||
| Ichtenbach (Eichtenbach) | Stockey | after Limlingerode was founded | ||||
| Itzenhain | Bockelnhagen | 1420 | today Tettenborn heads | |||
| Camp | Ecklingerode , Wehnde | 1266 (in Kampo) | ||||
| Kubsdorf | Döringsdorf | 1385 (Kybesdorf) | around 1500 | 1583 Start of construction Vorwerk Kuebsdorff / Keudelstein again desolate fall and 1978 demolition of Gut Keudelstein |
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| Kirchberg | Dingelstädt | 1134 (Kireberc) | 15./16. Century | |||
| Church Village | Bockelnhagen | 1154 | 16th century |
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| Kirrode | Effects | 1297 | 17th century | |||
| Sketch rod | Weißenborn-Lüderode | 1124 | ||||
| Kreuzhagen | Stockey | after a fiefdom of the monastery Walkenried was | ||||
| Krummelbach, Krummelbach | Mengelrode | 1310 (Crimelbach) | 1318 (Grummelbecke desolato) | |||
| Lamprechtsrode, Lamps Rode | Heilbad Heiligenstadt | 1365 | ||||
| Laubach | Lower Orschel | 1334 (Lobpach) | 16th century | |||
| Lentershagen | Schachtebich | 1566 | 1629 (Wustung Lentershagen) | Lentershagen farmyard demolished in 1982 |
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| Lichtenberg | Lehna | 1358 | ||||
| Liebenrode in the Düsterthal | Stockey | 1246 | 1789 | |||
| Luterode | Effects | 1209 | 16th century | |||
| Windisch-Lutter, Wenigen-Lutter, Nieder-Lutra | Lutter | 1318 (wyndian lutera) | Ober-Lutter is today's Lutter | |||
| Luterode | Effects | 1209 (Lutenrot) | before 1290 | |||
| Luttershausen | Großbartloff | 1420 (Luterichshusen) | at today's Luttermühle | |||
| Mackenrode | Thalwend | 1394 Mattenrode | ||||
| Mittelhausen | Jützenbach | 1262 |
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| Möncherode | Zwinge , Pöhlde | 952 (Munikreod), 1230 (Monneckerodt) | before 1482 | |||
| Neiderode, Nerderode | Latitude | |||||
| Neuendorf | Lower Orschel | 1306 (Nuendorff) | 16th century | |||
| Neuenhagen | Waxed | 1358 (Nuenhagen) | today's Klüschen Hagis | |||
| New food (upper and lower meal) | Uder | 1318 (Nuwezezenn) | before 1610 | |||
| Nottenrode | Gernrode | before 1609 | ||||
| Oberode | Leinefelde | before 1570 (Ubenrode) | ||||
| Ockental, Hackental | Westhausen | 1146 (Occandale) | ||||
| Polkendorf | Geismar | 1358 (Pulkendorff) | 15th century | |||
| Pollenborn | Stöckey , Epschenrode | 1626/1627: after the fire protection in the 30 Years War and the outbreak of the plague | ||||
| Queckhagen | Günterode | 1381 | Border (Hagen) to the immediately neighboring Günterode | |||
| Rappolderode | Wintzingerode | 1238/46 (Rupolderoth) | before 1448 | |||
| Reckerode | Wüstheuterode | 1221 (Reigard red) | 1338 (Rekerode) | |||
| Reckerode | Rengelrode | 1306 | ||||
| Display houses | Gerbershausen | 1336 (Renwordshusen) | ||||
| Riekenbach (to Ohe) | Epschenrode , Schiedungen | 1298 | 1564 | |||
| Riesbach | Siemerode | 1381 (Richersbach) | before 1548 (Reyspach) | formed the border to the City Court of Heiligenstadt | ||
| Rieth | Beuren | 1146 (Rydene) | ||||
| Riethe | Uder | 1146 | ||||
| Ritterbach | Worbis | 1311 (Ridisbach) | 16th century |
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| Röblingerode | Wingerode | 1318 (Rebingerode) | ||||
| Rödchen, Herod | Großbartloff | 15th century (Rode) | ||||
| Roderode, Rodingerode | Bernterode | 1221 (Rodingerode) | before 1751 (Ruderoda) | |||
| Rohrbach | Volkerode | 1221 (Rorbach) | ||||
| Rohrbach | Beuren | before 1536 | ||||
| Tube | Rustenfelde | 1526 (Roer) | ||||
| Rosenhagen | Stöckey , Limlingerode | 1123 | around 1631: after the fire estimate in the 30 Years War | |||
| Rotenbach | Wüstheuterode | 1383 (Rodinbach) | ||||
| Rotenhar, Rotenborn | Kella | 1336 | ||||
| Rothenbach | Controversy | (Rodenbach) | 14./15. Century | |||
| Rothenbach | Wüstheuterode | 1283 (Rodinbach) | ||||
| Rottenbach | Großbartloff | (1328) (Rothenhac) | ||||
| Rudolfshausen | Wilbich | 1420 (Rudolffeshusen) | 15th century | |||
| Rumerode | Birkenfelde | 1236 (Rabodenrothe) | later Gut Rumerode | |||
| Rumerode | Breitenbach | 1227 (Rumarod) | ||||
| Ruprechtshausen | Gerbershausen | 1236 (Robretteshusen) | ||||
| Rustenrode | Volkerode | 1583 Rustenrodt | ||||
| Ruterode | Fretterode | 1309 (Rutherode) | ||||
| Sachsenhagen | Kreuzebra | 1570/80 | 1962 | later as the Steinhagen homestead |
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| Salmerode | Haynrode | 1293 (Sarmenrode) | 16th century | |||
| Schnellsrode, Schnellenrode | Meadow field | 1358 (Snelnrade) | ||||
| Seehausen | Hollau | 1171 (Sehusen) | ||||
| sail | Kaltohmfeld , Kirchohmfeld | 1347 | around 16th century | Noble family: Conrad and Hermann 1347 |
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| Siegfriederode | Worbis , Breitenholz | 1570/80 |
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| Siemerode | ? (from Großbartloff to Lengenfeld) | 1312 (Symerade) | 15th century | |||
| Schorbrandeshagen | Schönhagen | 1323 (Schorbrandshagen) | possibly predecessor of Schönhagen | |||
| Schwickschwende | Birkenfelde | 1562 (Swikkerswende) | ||||
| Selmanrot, Schelmenrode | Birkenfelde | 1055 (Selmanruoth) | ||||
| Siemerode, (Silberode) | Ershausen | 1312 (Symerade) | before 1420 | |||
| Sindelbach, Siedebach | Ershausen | 1433 (Syndelbach) | ||||
| Sohlbach | Brehme , Jützenbach | 1124 (Solebach) | ||||
| Pole wood | Stöckey , Weißenborn-Lüderode | |||||
| Steina | Arenshausen | 1318 (Steyna) | 1486 | in the 16th as manors upper and lower stone rebuilt | ||
| (On) the stem base | Stöckey , Weißenborn-Lüderode | 1123 | after the demarcation between Kurmainzer "Ur-Eichsfeld" and the county of Hohenstein-Klettenberg was established | |||
| Stiedenrode, Stuterode | Lindewerra | 1329 | ||||
| Licorice (Suizholtz) | Stockey | 1103 | after the establishment of the manor in Stöckey | |||
| Tarterode | Flinsberg , Martinfeld | 1306 | 15th century | |||
| Teistungenburg | Performance | 1062/1090 (Eistungenborg) | 14./15. Century | the monastery Teistungenburg was first built in this place and rebuilt later on the hill | ||
| Tiemelsbach | Fretterode | 1368 | ||||
| Tiemerode, Damerode | Rohrberg | 1552 | ||||
| Totelen, Dautel | Dog hare | 1331 | ||||
| Ingratitude | Dingelstädt | 1209 (Undanekeshusen) | 16th century? | Noble family: Conrad 1227 | ||
| Vockerot? | Steinheuterode | |||||
| Volsbach, Folsbach | Wingerode | 1281 | before 1548 | Glassworks |
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| Wackenrode | Martinfeld , waxedt | 1138 | ||||
| Wendelrode | Niederorschel , Gernrode | 1209 (Wedelenroth) | 16th century | |||
| Few Bischofferode | Bischofferode | 1431 | ||||
| Few Buhla | Buhla | 1506 (Buhla minor) | ||||
| Werdigeshausen | Kefferhausen | 1262 (Wedehus) | 15th century | Werdigeshäuser Church as a holdover |
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| Westernhagen | Berlingerode | 1370 (Dorpe to dem Westernhagen) | Belonging to Westernhagen Castle | |||
| Wetsche | Great potter | 1358 (Wetche) | 1583 Vorwerk (Wettich) | |||
| Wettelrode | Stockey | 1712/1734 | ||||
| Wiesenbach, Wissenbich | Martinfeld | 1209? | 1385 (Wesenbach) |
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| Wiherode, Wierode | Burgwalde , Steinheuterode | 1310 | ||||
| Wildings | Tastings , Brehme | 1253 | 16.-17. Century |
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| Wilmerode | Heilbad Heiligenstadt | 1634 (Wülmeröder Grund) | ||||
| Wirkeshagen | Dingelstädt | 1162 (Wirckeshagen) | ||||
| Jokes | Wintzingerode , Ferna | 1062 (Wecinge), 1333 (Wetzingen) | 16th century | |||
| Wizkenrode, Metzingerode | Fretterode , Vatterode | 1244 ?, 1297 | before 1603 | |||
| Wolkramshausen | Helmsdorf | 1283 (Wolcramshusen) | 16th century? | Noble family: Siegrfied 1323 |
Sometimes desolate places
Here places are listed that were temporarily desolate, were later rebuilt and still exist: Beinrode , Fürstenhagen , Glasehausen , Kaltohmfeld , Krombach , Misserode , Neuendorf , Pfaffschwende , Rumerode , Sickerode , waxedt , Wilbich , Wintzingerode , Wüstheuterode .
literature
- Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : The desert areas of the Eichsfeld: Directory of the desert areas, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of justice and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. O. Hendel, Göttingen 1903.
- Erhard Müller: The place names of the district of Heiligenstadt. Published by Council of the District of Heiligenstadt, Eichsfelddruck Heiligenstadt 1989.
- K.-H. Müller: The place names of the Nordhausen and Worbis districts. Machine screw Housework Jena 1954,
- G. Reichel: Historical maps of the districts of Heiligenstadt (1908) and Worbis (1913), Ed. Historical Commission of the Province of Saxony, printed by Louis Koch Halberstadt.
- Historical and regional excursion map of Lower Saxony. Sheet of Duderstadt (scale 1: 50000). Edited by Helmut Jäger, map and explanatory booklet, Hildesheim 1954.
- K.-M. Müller: The place names of the Nordhausen and Worbis districts. Housework for university housework, Jena 1954.
- Walter Prochska: The desertification process on the Mittel- and Südichsfelde. In: Eichsfelder Heimatstimmen, Vol. 33 (1989) pp. 165-169, 256-262, 362-365, 403-406, 457 and Vol. 34 (1990) pp 22-26, 66-70.
- Christian Hunold, Gerd Leuckefeld: For sale and the demarcation of the former village of Kirrode. In: Eichsfelder Heimatzeitschrift. Vol. 49 (2005), issue 11, Mecke Druck and Verlag Duderstadt, pp. 403-404.
- Volker Große: Lost cultural sites in Eichsfeld 1945 to 1989: A documentation. Edited by the Bischöfliches Kommissariat Heiligenstadt & Maik Pinkert, Eichsfeld Verlag 2010, ISBN 978-3935782159 .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Günther Franz: The Thirty Years War and the German People: Investigation of Population and Agricultural History. Verlag Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart / New York 1979, page 104
- ↑ Volker Große: Lost cultural sites in Eichsfeld 1945 to 1989: A documentation . Ed .: Bischöfliches Kommissariat Heiligenstadt, Maik Pinkert. Eichsfeld Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-935782-15-9 , pp. 256 .
